Source: drugoi.livejournal.com

Captain Nemo from St. Petersburg

The only private submarine in the country: length five meters, range - from St. Petersburg to Helsinki and back. Her first voyage almost ended in prison for the designer. But instead he was sent to study at a shipbuilding institute.

The designer and owner of the only personal submarine in Russia, Mikhail Puchkov, does not hide his creation from anyone. However, at the St. Petersburg Yacht Club, among the large boats and snow-white yachts, his submarine is not striking. Perhaps because of the size. It is difficult for a tall person to fit into the only compartment of a single-seater boat.

Russia's smallest submarine is not particularly comfortable. Previously, the only passenger, who was also the captain and navigator, even had to pedal, like on a bicycle. The boat now has a gasoline engine and batteries. It develops a decent speed even by sea standards - 4 knots.

Naval Museum of St. Petersburg. Another submarine - the same shape, dimensions, even bicycle pedals inside. Year of construction: 1881. The boat of Semyon Dzhevetsky is also called the “grandmother of the Russian submarine fleet.” The only surviving copy today is one of the main exhibits of the museum. When Mikhail Puchkov began building his boat, he knew nothing about Dzhevetsky’s submarine. Now he jokingly calls his creation her “granddaughter.”

The inventor is satisfied with his personal transport. The length of the ship is only 5 meters, but when on the surface the boat can travel the distance, say, from St. Petersburg to Helsinki and back.

The inventor no longer remembers exactly why 20 years ago he decided to build a submarine. Inspired either by the novels of Jules Verne, or by the famous Beatles song “Yellow Submarine”.

Mikhail assembled his “hidden ship” (as the prototype of modern submarines was called back under Peter the Great) in the attic country house in the vicinity of Ryazan. Then he moved to Leningrad. On the banks of the Neva, he secretly launched a homemade ship, and was immediately caught in the net of local fishermen. Vigilant citizens detained the suspicious submariner.

Mikhail Puchkov, inventor and owner of a submarine: “Well, they called the police... then they came from the KGB, looked at it for a long time, and said - we need to study to become a shipbuilder. Then I went to college.”

The year was 1988, and the newly minted Kulibin was lucky. Later, the operatives told the unlucky designer: if he had been caught four years earlier, he would have ended up not at his desk, but in places not so remote. Now a certified shipbuilder, Mikhail Puchkov says: the main thing in any dream is that it does not end. And prepares the boat for the new season.

Mikhail Puchkov: “I have a dream - to paint it in yellow and go to England..."

There is a site dedicated to the work of William Wardrop, called Stream Noir.
William builds models from cardboard on our own, according to its technology.

After decades of extensive research into history, concepts military equipment And classical literature, he applied his knowledge of modeling to create unique three-dimensional examples of many types of innovative and eccentric vehicles of the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries.
This exhibition is a prime example of how Victorian steam-powered transportation caught up with science fiction to create technological marvels that changed civilization and propelled us into the modern era.

The Jules Verne Nautilus

This model was developed based on Jules Verne's descriptions and original illustrations for his 1870 novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. Although this model looks less elegant than the Nautilus that Hollywood came up with, it is built in accordance with the first real submarines.

In this image, Professor Aronnax can be seen arguing with Captain Nemo about the fate of humanity.

Gustave Zede

Gustav Zed was big step progress in the development of French submarines, but not very successful. She carried two torpedoes on drop rings, making them vulnerable while the submarine was docked. She also had poor depth control, and ultimately three sets of seaplanes were needed to correct this design flaw. The Gustav Zed was 48.5 m (159 ft) long, 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and had a 208 horsepower engine.

The Pioneer

Built in Mobile Bay by C.L. Hunley before CSS Hunley was built, this vessel was a prototype and was never used. Its weapon was a mine, which was released behind the submarine and pulled on a cable until it found its target, upon impact with which it exploded. The main problem This system included the ability to wind the cable around a screw.
The pioneer was captured by the Union Army in 1863 and displayed in the yard of the Washington Navy Department until it was sold for scrap in 1867.

The American Diver

Built by C.L. Hunley after Pioneer. The American diver, or Pioneer 2 as it is sometimes called, sank in Mobile Bay while being towed to launch an attack on the Union fleet. The three-man crew was extremely small, and the submarine was not able to fight the tide. Descriptions of this submarine appeared in newspapers in France; Jules Verne may have seen this description and included many of the unique attributes of the American Diver in the Nautilus, such as the double deckhouses.

The Harper Golf Nautilus

Designed for Disney's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea original model was created by Harper Golf to create a more Victorian style, and certain elements make it more like sea monsters. And although hydrodynamic tests proved that the submarine would be reliable, a full-size working model was never created.
The giant squid attacking this model of Nightilus is over a meter (three feet) long and was made entirely from pipe cleaners by Laura Butler.

The Alligator (Naval Institute Press Version)

This is a prime example of why you should always find as many references as you can find before jumping in and building a model. The alligator shown here is what I saw in the book “American Submarines Before 1945” from the Naval Press Institute. I said, “Cool!” and went to work. It took 26 hours to build and paint the model. I was pleased with the result and added another historic submarine to my collection. However, two days after I put the model on the rack, I read on a news site that Brutus de Villeroy's original plans had been found in Paris, France. One glance was enough to understand that my model looked completely different from original projects. It turns out that N.I.P.'s schemes are guesswork and have never been verified!

The Garrett Nordenfeldt 1886

Following the "success" of George William's Littler Garrett with the first steam-powered submarine, the Resurgam, in 1879 he was commissioned by the Turkish government to build two submarines in 1886. They were built and sent disassembled to Constantinople, where they were assembled. The first sank almost immediately after launch, and, oddly enough, they could no longer find a crew for the submarines. They remained in dry dock until 1914, when they were blown up by the German army to avoid a threat to public safety.

The Seal

Originally launched at Virginia shipyard in 1911 as Seal. This submarine was renamed G-1 when she was assigned to the U.S.N. in 1912. After a long journey as a test and training vessel, she was decommissioned in 1920 and later used for depth charge tests in 1921.

Welman - a World War II submarine crewed by two men, powered by a gasoline engine that lacked proper ventilation and caused many deaths due to poisoning carbon monoxide. The torpedoes were too small to become real threat warships of that era, and had a limited range. The submarine featured a double hatch and general design, which had a significant impact on the development of submarines of that period.

Dupuy de Lome

Named after the famous architect of ironclad warships, the French submarine was launched in 1915 and scrapped in 1935.

Ictineo II (Translated from Greek: fishing boat)

In 1864, in Barcelona harbor, Narcis Monturiol launched Ictineo II: the world's first true submarine. She was more than 17 meters long, displaced 72 tons and had a working depth of up to 30 meters. What made this submarine so unusual was its steam engine chemical basis. The engine required fuel rods, very similar to the uranium rods in the reactor, but using chemical reaction to heat the water in the boiler, at the same time the reaction produced pure oxygen for the team! The hull was made from olive wood to reduce the cost of the prototype, but an all-metal boat, the Ictineo III, was also planned. The time spent under water, without lack of oxygen, was 8 hours! The only limitation was the number of fuel rods. Ictineo III could push submarine technology forward new level, but Monteriol's funding ran out and his submarine was broken down and sold for scrap.

Refers to XVII century, but the first ideas of immersing people deep under water appeared in antiquity. In practice, the first submarines began to be used in the 18th century during the American civil war. Two centuries later, submarines play a huge role not only in military operations, but are also actively used for studying depths of the sea. We offer you ideas on how to make a submarine from scrap materials.

Materials and tools

To make a submarine craft, you will need

1. Glue.
2. Cardboard.
3. Awl.
4. Matches.
5. Cotton buds.
6. Black paint.
7. Scissors.
8. A small plastic ball.
9. Can.
10. Used firecracker.
11. Rectangular deodorant cap.

with your own hands

1. Take an empty cracker. Cut a hole in the shape of a deodorant cap on top and glue it on top in the form of a chopping block. Using an awl, you can make several holes and insert an antenna from a cotton swab.
2. Make a cone out of cardboard with a base diameter corresponding to the diameter of the cracker. This will be the stern of the boat.
3. Next, prepare the blades for the stern and the bow and stern rudders from cardboard.
4. Glue the cardboard pieces to the boat hull. You can make cuts in the cracker so that the parts hold better.
5. A propeller with six blades can be made from tin can. Bend the blades slightly, use an awl to make a hole in the center and secure the propeller to the stern with a match.

Here's how to make a submarine out of a firecracker. The craft is ready. All that remains is to paint the craft. You can use regular paints for this or aerosol can. The boat can be painted in any color, but the most commonly used colors are black, green and gray.

The tail number can be written with proofreader or acrylic paints. If the boat is a gift, you can write the name of the future owner. This is the first option on how to make a submarine from scrap materials.

Cardboard submarine

Another option is to make a boat from empty bushings from toilet paper. For the body, glue two elements together. Cut two portholes on both sides of the body. Make a cutting from another bushing. You can complement it with toothpick antennas. Insert white or white colored paper inside the sleeves. blue color, rolled up so that the portholes are closed. Attach a cardboard screw at the back, the bow of the boat can be made from the bottom of a small plastic bottle. Now let your child decorate the craft himself. This is the easiest way to make a submarine out of cardboard.

Submarine made from a plastic bottle

If you are interested in the question of how to make a submarine from a bottle, you will need:

1. Plastic bottle.
2. Window cleaning spray bottle.
3. Scissors.
4. Stationery knife.
5. Silicone glue or glue gun.

First you need to decide on the appearance of the craft. A boat with a bottle as the main part will look good; the deckhouse can be made from the top of a spray bottle, covering it with a regular cap. It is better to glue bottles with a gun. You can also use plasticine. You need to cut the bottles very carefully with scissors. It is better not to trust this to a child, as the edge will turn out sharp.

The propeller is made of cardboard. Then a hole is made in the center, equal in diameter to the neck of the bottle. The screw is placed on the neck and pressed with a screwed cap. To decorate the boat, you can glue covers between the propeller and the wheelhouse, on the bow.

Here's how to make a submarine from scrap materials. All that remains is to cover it with paint and draw identification marks. Creating such a toy will not take you much time, but it will greatly please your child. After all, it is much more important for children to do something with you, and not just buy it in a store.

19:31 01.04.2012
Following the precepts of the transmission " crazy hands", the DaVinci Learning channel told us how to make a current model submarine. It is effective in the sense that it can float and sink not at random, but at our request.

So, what is needed for work:

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Two bottles, large and small, an inflatable balloon, a hose, a rubber ring and electrical tape. If you tear electrical tape with your teeth, you don't need a knife.

In a small bottle you need to make a lot of holes, 3-4 mm in diameter. I pierced it with a nail heated on gas. I’ll say right away that it was necessary to have more - both in diameter and in quantity. But it turned out pretty good too:


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Make a hole in the cork of a small bottle for the hose:


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Insert the hose and secure the inflatable ball to it. I actually wanted to wrap it with electrical tape, but my son insisted on using an elastic band, “like on TV.” Well, with an elastic band, so with an elastic band:


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After this, push the ball inside the bottle, tighten the cap and secure the hose. Again, I wanted to use duct tape, but my son again insisted on the “from TV” option and covered it with plasticine:


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Now all that remains is to connect both bottles with electrical tape (like on TV, yay!) and the submarine is almost ready:


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The only problem is that without ballast this structure absolutely does not want to submerge. And this turns out to be some kind of garbage, not a submarine. Simply filling a large bottle with water is also not enough - it still floats. In the transfer, some beautiful sand was poured inside, but the sand that I managed to find did not want to fall through the funnel. So I threw all sorts of things into the bottle rusty bolts and nuts. Well, I poured some water. By the way, it is convenient to regulate buoyancy with water, because it would be much more inconvenient to pour sand back.

Well, now sea trials.

We ended up with a strong trim to the stern, because the bolts and nuts, such pests, fall in one direction, no matter how you shake them. But in principle it worked :-)

Are you interested in how to make a submarine model with your own hands? In our article you will find instructions describing each construction stage in great detail. In addition, here will be a list necessary materials and tools that may be needed for work. This information will be useful to any person who has decided to take up modeling or just wants to learn more information about the design of submarines.

Should I buy a model in a store or make it myself?

Have you decided to make a radio-controlled model with your own hands? Such an activity will take quite a lot of time and will also require a huge amount of patience from the master. Perhaps it’s easier to buy a ready-made toy in a special store? They also provide a guarantee for the product. For a person who does not like to do things on his own and is not used to counting money, such a decision will seem completely justified. However, not everyone has the opportunity to spend several thousand on a model, the cost of which is a couple of hundred, because for modeling submarines one of the most budget materials- wood.

In addition, do not forget that during the manufacturing process you will experience a lot of unforgettable impressions, especially if you are doing this process for the first time. Creating a work of art from rough material is the job of real masters who can cope with absolutely any task. Well, if you decide to make a submarine model with your own hands as a gift to another person, then you can be sure that the birthday person will remember this day for a long time and will treasure your gift with special care. Perhaps it will even become a family heirloom and be passed down from generation to generation.

If your childhood was in the nineties of the last century, then you probably remember that there were quite a few toys in the post-Soviet space. For any child, a radio-controlled car seemed like a real treasure, since such a product could only be found on sale in large cities. But almost everywhere they sold “Do It Yourself” nabobs, with which you could make models of airplanes, cars, motorcycles, ships, and so on. Just following the instructions from one such kit, we invite our readers to make a model of a submarine.

List of required materials

Making a model of a submarine with your own hands is a rather long and painstaking process that will require the master to have a huge amount of patience and skills in handling classical instruments. In addition, you will also need to stock up on some building materials, which the future model will consist of:

• a sheet of plywood 3 millimeters thick and measuring 210x55 millimeters;
• a rubber band at least 400 millimeters long (can be bought at a pharmacy);
• lead in the amount of 5 grams or a regular weight for a fishing rod;
• tin from tin can or other metal object;
• waterproof paint (acrylic, oil or nitro enamel).

If you want to add some element to your model that is not taken into account in our instructions, you should include several additional items in the list of materials in advance so as not to be distracted during the work process. By the way, all the necessary components that cannot be found at home are best purchased at a construction base (paint, plywood sheet, tin), since the prices for products there are significantly lower than in the usual hardware store.

What tools will you need for the job?

To make a model of a submarine or ship with your own hands, you will have to use some tools, without which it will not be possible to process the material correctly. By the way, it is strongly recommended not to use alternative options for those tools that cannot be found on the farm, since this may affect the quality of the future model. It is best to borrow the missing items from friends or buy them at the store. Here is a small list of basic tools that you may need in the process:

• manual or electric jigsaw- for working with wood and plywood;
• any waterproof glue - necessary for gluing wood;
• pliers - for unbending a tin can;
• brushes are indispensable for painting.

Of course, this list can be significantly expanded depending on the materials that you decide to use to make the submarine. For example, if you decide to attach a small radio-controlled motor to the model, you will need to use a lot of connecting wires and insulation. Well, if the master decides to make a 3D model of a submarine, then this will require even more various instruments, which will allow you to plan the base from a full piece of wood.

Creating blueprints for a submarine

Despite the fact that the model of the Shark submarine, the instructions for creating which you will find in the following sections, is not distinguished by complex details, it is worth leaving the drawings on a sheet of paper in advance so that you always have an image of the future model before your eyes. Remember that even the slightest error in calculations can lead to parts not fitting together in the end, and time being wasted. The same applies if you decide to make a 3D model of a German submarine or any other submarine. A competent drawing is already half successful work.

By the way, it is recommended for a novice craftsman to start with 2D models, since making them does not require serious skills. It will be enough to transfer the design onto a sheet of plywood, and then carefully cut the workpiece with a jigsaw. If you have a printer, you can use the picture above. Simply print out the drawing on a piece of paper, then carefully cut out the base of the submarine with scissors and attach the resulting drawing to the plywood in order to trace it with a pencil. In this case, the bulk of the work will be practically completed.

Workpiece processing and work with small parts

We begin to make a model of a submarine with our own hands from wood. As soon as the workpiece is cut using the technology described in previous section, it is necessary to carefully treat the cut areas, since they can easily injure you if handled carelessly. This can be done using medium-grit sandpaper. All edges should be smoothed especially well and any burrs should be removed.

If you pay attention to the drawing, you will notice several slots in the submarine model. They are made so that the master can then insert steering blades into them, which are also cut out of a sheet of plywood and thoroughly processed with sandpaper. The steering wheel should be rubbed with special care to create a part with a rounded front part. This way the submarine will look even more realistic.

The steering wheel must be glued using regular water-repellent glue. Be sure to follow the instructions on the packaging when this process! Remember that it is the pressure, not the duration, that matters when joining two pieces together. It will be enough to properly fix the parts in one place and press them well together. After that, the glue will do the rest of the work.

What is the propeller shaft made of?

Any submarine must have propellers that ensure its movement through the sea. Even if you make another model of a submarine - "Stars", for example - then this element must be present on the submarine without fail. It can be made from a regular pharmaceutical tourniquet, and attached using a pin that has a ring-shaped needle at the end. A thread for the future rubber motor is passed through this very ring, and a propeller is attached to the opposite end. The easiest way to do this is with glue.

As for the hole for the shaft, it can be made using iron heated over a fire. For example, you can heat the same pin so that the hole is the perfect size for the motor. However, there is no need to rush, since any sailor knows that from correct location screws depend on the boat's running ability. As alternative option For fastening, you can use a regular screwdriver or a drill with a thin drill.

It may happen that after burning or drilling, the stern of the submarine becomes less durable than its bow. To prevent breakage, it is recommended to additionally wrap the structure with strong threads soaked in water-repellent glue. There is no need to worry that this will make the submarine look unnatural, as the model will be covered with several layers of paint.

Painting work

Have you decided to make your own “Pike” - a model of a radio-controlled submarine? This design will look quite solid, but you are unlikely to be able to convey its aesthetic appearance if you don't paint the wood the right paint. It is preferable to use acrylic paints for this purpose, since they dry quickly enough and repel water well. Although, if we're talking about about a 2D model, and you have several tubes of oil paints, then you can use them too. The advantage of quality compounds is that they are quite durable, so you won't have to repaint the sub every year.

As for paint color, its choice is strictly individual. If you decide to make a model that will simply show off on a shelf with books, then it will be enough to paint the boat in a classic black color so that it is as close as possible to its natural appearance. However, if you want to make a model that will float on water, then it would be best to paint it some kind bright color so that the submarine is in front of your eyes at all times. It will also be very useful to saturate the structure with hot drying oil before painting to give it durability.

When using acrylic paints, it is necessary to treat the entire surface with them, without leaving areas without paint. After polymerization, such a composition becomes impervious to water, so you can feel free to put your model in the water. You don't have to worry about the plywood getting wet and swelling, especially if you sanded the corners well with sandpaper before painting.

Making engine screws

To make a radio-controlled model of a submarine with your own hands, you will need to use quality material for propellers, since the running characteristics of your submarine will depend on this. As suitable material ordinary tin, attached to the main part with three small washers, in front of which you can additionally put a small glass bead, which will act as a bearing. This way you can not only reduce friction, but also make the rotation of the shaft much easier.

If you are making a model of a submarine for some important competition or simply do not want to bother with making a propeller, then you can purchase a ready-made engine in a specialized store. However, it is best to do this in advance, so that later there will be no problems with attaching the purchased element to finished design. Such engines differ from each other not only in power, but also in appearance. But you should not pay attention to the number of screws, since the running characteristics depend mostly on their rotation speed.

The submarine's performance is also affected by the angle at which the engine propellers are bent. A model with a well-fitted sheet will sink into water in a matter of seconds, and will also develop quite quickly. maximum speed. Therefore, pay attention to the manufacture of screws Special attention. But you should not bend the blades at too large an angle (40° will be more than enough). To find optimal location screws, it is recommended to conduct several test runs and see in which case the boat sinks to depth faster. You can use a stopwatch for this.

Ballast installation

The last stage The work involved in making a radio-controlled submarine model with your own hands involves installing ballast. If you plan to place the submarine as a decoration item for your home, then you can skip this point, since the weight is only needed to make the model sink faster under water. The ballast must be installed on a special keel beam, which can be found in the drawing we left earlier. As for lead, it is best to use it in the form of a plate measuring 12x22 millimeters, but the thickness should not exceed 1 millimeter, otherwise the mass of the submarine will be too large for it to remain afloat.

The strip must be bent in the form of a bracket to form an even letter “P”, after which all that remains is to attach the ballast to the keel rack, which is located approximately under the submarine’s gun. By moving the weight, you can easily adjust the submarine's center of gravity, forcing the stern or bow of the submarine to rise to the top. In order not to make a mistake with the location, it is recommended to carry out several test dives, securing the ballast with regular tape. Only after a successfully chosen position can you use glue to firmly attach the lead to the boat.

We build in a radio control sensor

If you want a wooden model submarine that you can control with long distance, then you will need to build a special radio transmitter into it, which can be removed from any old toy or purchase at a specialty store. The last option is best suited for those. who is not particularly versed in electronics or does not want to delve into wires. It will be enough to simply attach the sensor to the left and right motors, and then test the progress of the submarine on the water.

You can adjust the trajectory of the submarine using the intensity of rotation of the right and left engines. As a rule, there are two levers on the radio control panel, each of which controls a different motor. If you slow down the right engine and speed up the left, the submarine will turn right. Therefore, for convenience, you should swap the contacts on the control panel so as not to get confused in the process. If you used a joystick from an old car, you will first have to understand it a little in order to adjust the intensity of pressing a certain button according to the rotation force of a certain engine.

Installation of decorative elements

We move on to the decorative stage of making a model of a submarine with our own hands from wood. If you want your submarine to look as realistic as possible, then you will have to attach various small elements to it, which you can make yourself or purchase at a toy store. In the first case, it is best to use ordinary tree, since it is relatively light in weight and easy to process. However, be extremely careful while working, because the smaller the part, the more difficult it is to manufacture. When it comes to toys, they are usually made of plastic and are more durable than wood. However, buy only those items that really suit your model in appearance and size.

So what can you attach to a submarine to make it look nice? If you decide to make a model of a nuclear submarine, you can purchase several stickers that will talk about the radioactive element on board the submarine. You can also attach several torpedoes to the sides of the submarine, which indicate that the submarine is ready for battle. Well, if your model also has a deck for fighter planes, then you can buy several beautiful toy airplanes and put them on the very top. Of course, all of the above can be made and with my own hands. For example, the radiation icon is not difficult to draw acrylic paint, and torpedoes can be carved from wood.

It is worth noting that decorative elements, attached to the model, negatively affect its performance characteristics, so their use is justified only if the submarine is planned to be placed on a stand in the future and used only as a decorative element for an apartment. However, if you really want to decorate your submarine, which will have to participate in various competitions, then do it wisely. First, do not hang the ballast until all decorative elements are installed, otherwise it will cause overload. Secondly, try to make all torpedoes, fighters and other decorative elements removable, as you risk losing them during a dive, even if they are firmly attached.

Video and conclusion

As you can see, making a model of a submarine with your own hands is not that difficult task as it seems at first glance. You should be patient and study everything carefully possible options execution of one or another element, after which it will not be difficult to make your dream come true. If you still have any questions about the progress of the work or the information from our article did not seem enough to you, then we strongly recommend that you watch a short video in which the author shows in detail how to do the simplest model radio-controlled submarine from an ordinary plastic bottle. For some masters, such an action will seem funny, but there is a lot to learn from this guy. For example, you can use the same engine system, but on a wooden submarine.

What do you think about what else you can use to make a radio-controlled submarine model with your own hands? Perhaps you have some thoughts on this matter that you would like to express? Share them with your readers. You might even be able to help one of the budding inventors make their own submarine based on your idea. Isn't it nice to know that you helped someone? to a stranger, which is located several thousand kilometers away from you?

We hope our article will help you make a model of a submarine with your own hands. For gluing, it is best to use a good water-repellent glue, since conventional compounds can lose their strength over time. However, if you do not plan to submerge the submarine, then everything is much simpler. Let your imagination run wild and don’t be afraid to experiment. Of course, it’s unlikely that you’ll be able to make a perfect sample for the first time, but you shouldn’t give up. Over time, you will become a true master of your craft and will make submarines that have no equal.