Routing

Anti-corrosion protection work

1. General requirements. 4
2. The order of work. 5
3. The need for machines and mechanisms, technological equipment and materials. 13
4. Team composition by profession... 14
5. Solutions for labor protection, industrial and fire safety. 15
6. Scheme operational control quality. 23
7. Reference list. 31

Appendix 1 Technological regulations for painting metal structures with the ZINOTAN composition and POLYTON enamels produced by VMP under construction site conditions. 32

1. General requirements

Routing designed to perform a set of works on anti-corrosion protection of above-ground structures and equipment during construction of the facility

The technological map has been developed in accordance with the requirements of the following regulatory and technical documentation:

• SNiP 12-03-2001. Occupational safety in construction. Part 1 General requirements;
• SNiP 12-04-2002. Occupational safety in construction. Part 2 Construction production;
• SP 12-136-2002. Occupational safety in construction. Solutions for labor protection and industrial safety in construction management projects and work execution projects;
• SP 126.13330.2012 Geodetic work in construction. Updated version of SNiP 3.01.03-84;
• SP 45.13330.2012 Earthworks, bases and foundations. Updated version of SNiP 3.02.01-87;
• SP 48.13330.2011 Organization of construction. Updated edition
  SNiP 12-01-2004;
• OR-91.200.00-KTN-108-16 “Procedure for implementation construction control the customer when performing construction and installation work at the facilities of Transneft system organizations.”
• OR-91.040.00-KTN-109-16 “Requirements for quality services of construction contractors at the facilities of Transneft system organizations.”
• OR-91.010.30-KTN-111-12 “Procedure for developing projects for the construction, technical re-equipment and reconstruction of main oil pipelines and oil product pipelines.”
• RD-93.010.00-KTN-011-15 Main pipeline transport of oil and petroleum products. Construction and installation work performed on the linear part of main pipelines
• OR-91.200.00-KTN-201-14 Main pipeline transport of oil and petroleum products. The procedure for organizing and implementing construction control over compliance with design decisions and the quality of construction of underwater crossings of MN and MNPP
• Technological regulations for painting metal structures with the ZINOTAN composition and POLYTON enamels produced by VMP under construction site conditions (Appendix 1 to this Labor Code)

2. Work procedure

Work on anti-corrosion protection should be carried out in accordance with the regulatory and technical documentation.

Preparatory work: placement and installation of necessary materials, equipment and accessories.

Preparation of surfaces to be painted with ZINOTANE composition:

• elimination of surface defects;
• removal of oil and grease contaminants;
• abrasive blasting cleaning from oxides (scale and rust), old paint;
• removal of dust and abrasive residues.

Staining with ZINOTANE composition:

• preparing the composition TSINOTANE for work;
• applying the composition;
• drying;
• quality control and acceptance of ZINOTANE coating.

Operations for applying coating layers:

• preparation of coating paints and varnishes (POLITON-UR and POLYTON-UR (UV) enamels) for work;
• application of coating paints and varnishes;
• drying the coating;
• quality control and coating acceptance.

Preparing the metal surface

Before applying the ZINOTAN primer, surface defects (sharp edges, burrs, welding spatter, etc.) must be removed from the surface of metal structures; sharp free edges to be primed can be blunted with a 2x2 mm chamfer with rounded corners; the surface must be cleaned of dirt, dust, grease stains, rust and scale.

Particular attention should be paid to cleaning bolted connections, shells, pockmarks and hard-to-reach places.

Welds must comply with GOST 23118, must be solid and continuous (continuous) without pores, cracks or breaks. The shape of the weld should be smooth, with a smooth transition from the weld bead to the metal.

Clean structures from flaking scale, dirt, layers of old paint with a spatula or hand tools.

Degrease metal structures to the first degree according to GOST 9.402, using white spirit (according to GOST 3134) or solvents grades 646, 648 (according to GOST 18188). Degreasing operations should be performed before abrasive blasting of the surface.

Degreasing can be carried out by jet washing, a brush, a soft hair brush or lint-free cleaning material (rags). After degreasing, the surface should be dried with dry, clean air by ventilating until the solvent vapors are completely removed.

The surface of metal structures should be cleaned of oxides (scale and rust) and old paint using the abrasive blasting method to degree 2 according to GOST 9.402 or Sa 2 1/2 (in hard to reach places– Sa 2) according to ISO 8501-1 using an abrasive with a particle size that provides the required surface cleanliness and roughness. The abrasive material must comply with the requirements of ISO 11126.

The surface after abrasive blast cleaning to degree Sa 2 ½ according to ISO 8501-1, when viewed with the naked eye, should be free of scale, rust, burnt marks and other non-metallic layers. The cleaned surface may vary in shade from light gray to dark gray, caused by different surface roughness of metal structures.

Optimal surface roughness Rz from 30 to 50 microns according to GOST 2789; according to ISO 8503-1 – thin (comparator type G – between segments 1 and 2, but lower than segment 2).

Before cleaning, check for the presence of moisture and oil in the supplied air - compressed air must comply with the requirements of GOST 9.010 (group compressed air 2).

The quality of air purification is checked by directing a stream of compressed air from a nozzle onto a sheet of filter paper. Air purity is considered sufficient if, after blowing for 10–15 minutes, no traces of oil or moisture remain on the paper. If air purification is unsatisfactory, the oil-water separator filter packing should be replaced.

Dust the surface after cleaning by blowing it with dry, clean compressed air. The degree of dust removal of the surface should be no more than 2, with a particle size of no more than class 2 (ISO 8502-3 “Evaluation of dust content of steel surfaces prepared for application of paint (Adhesive tape method)”).

If there is an increased likelihood of the presence of contaminants on the surface under construction site conditions, operations should be carried out to monitor the presence of soluble iron corrosion products in accordance with ISO 8502-1 and chloride contamination in accordance with ISO 8502-6, ISO 8502-9 (before and after washing with water, as well as before and after abrasive blasting). Maximum content of water-soluble salts and

impurities on the surface should not exceed the electrical conductivity value corresponding to a NaCl content of 20 mg/m2.

The interval between cleaning the surface and painting it is outdoors in the absence of moisture condensation on the surface and the exclusion of any type of contamination, it should be no more than 6 hours. The duration of the break can be increased to 24 hours while maintaining the quality of the prepared surface.

POLYTON-UR and POLYTON-UR (UV) enamels should be applied to a clean, dust- and grease-free, dry surface of the ZINOTAN and POLYTON-UR coatings, respectively

The procedure for painting work

Conditions for painting work

When carrying out painting work, it is necessary to control environmental conditions (temperature and relative humidity, wind speed).

In the conditions of a construction and installation site, painting work must be carried out in the absence of precipitation in calm weather (when the wind speed is more than 10 m/s, painting work is prohibited). The temperature of the surface to be painted must be at least 3 °C above the dew point (Appendix B).

The composition of ZINOTAN and POLITON-UR enamel can be applied at ambient temperatures from minus 15 to plus 40 ° C and relative air humidity from 30 to 98%.

POLYTON-UR (UV) enamel should be applied at ambient temperatures from plus 5 to plus 40 ° C and relative air humidity of no more than 85%.

When carrying out painting work in conditions low temperature necessary in advance paints and varnishes, as well as all equipment, including hoses, spray guns, etc., must be kept for 24 hours in a warm room with a temperature not lower than plus 15 °C.

When storing paints and varnishes in conditions of negative temperatures, it is recommended to keep them in a closed heated room for 24 hours before applying.

Do not paint surfaces covered with frost and ice.

The drying time of single-pack polyurethane materials ZINOTAN and POLYTON-UR depends on the relative humidity of the surrounding air and decreases as it increases.

The drying time of POLYTON-UR (UV) enamel depends on the ambient temperature, and when it increases, it decreases

For painting large structures, airless spraying should be used. Before applying the material, it is necessary to stripe paint hard-to-reach areas (bolt joints, welds, etc.) using a hair brush with short, thick bristles.

Parameters for application by airless spray:

a) spray pressure: 10 – 20 MPa (100 – 200 bar); b) nozzle diameter:

1) for the ZINOTAN composition – 0.015´´ – 0.021´´ (0.38 – 0.53 mm);

2) for enamel POLYTON – UR – 0.013´´- 0.021´´ (0.33 – 0.53 mm);

3) for enamel POLYTON – UR (UV) – 0.011´´ – 0.015´´ (0.28 – 0.38 mm);

c) spray angle when spraying - depending on the configuration of the surface to be painted: for structures with a width of up to 100 mm - 20 °; for structures with a width from 100 to 350 mm - from 40 to 60 °; for structures with a width of more than 350 mm – 80 °;

When working with airless spray devices (AAS), you must follow the instructions for their operation and maintenance. Before starting painting, to clean the equipment from previously used paints and varnishes, you should pass SOLV-UR solvent (TU 2319-032-12288779) or (optional for POLYTON-UR (UV) enamel) petroleum solvent (GOST 10214) through a paint sprayer.

Upon completion of work, all equipment and equipment for the application and preparation of materials must be washed with a solvent. To wash painting equipment from the used paints and varnishes, use SOLV-UR solvents, petroleum solvent; Additionally, for the composition ZINOTAN and POLITON-UR enamel – solvents of grades R-4, 646, 647.

General requirements for painting work

When working with single-pack polyurethane paints and varnishes (ZINOTAN, POLYTON-UR), it is necessary to take measures to reduce their contact with air in the container:

– during breaks in work, the container with the material should be tightly closed with a lid;

– use the material in an opened container within work shift; in case of incomplete use, the remaining working composition in the container should be filled thin layer SOLV-UR solvent and tightly close the container with a lid.

When carrying out painting work, the following requirements must be taken into account:

– the spray gun should be positioned perpendicular to the surface to be painted at a distance of 200 – 400 mm;

– when painting, do not allow omissions or drips;

– the overlap of painting areas on the previously applied coating must be at least 200 mm.

The coating should be applied in an even layer. During work, it is necessary to visually monitor the continuity of the coating for the presence of unpainted areas, the number of layers and the thickness of the wet layer using an uncured layer thickness gauge (“comb”) in accordance with ISO 2808 (method 1). The thickness of the wet layer is worked out by the painter when mastering the technology.

Control of coating adhesion is carried out using the lattice notch method according to GOST 15140 (method 2), the transverse notch method according to ISO 2409 or the X-shaped notch method according to ISO 16276.

Complete curing of the coating for use (set of physical and mechanical properties) occurs within 7 days (at ambient temperature plus 20 ° C) after applying the finishing layer (POLYTON-UR (UV) enamel).

Application of the compositionTSINOTANE

Before using the composition, check the tightness of the container, then open the container and mix the composition until smooth with a high-speed mixer for 3 minutes.

Perform composition control by appearance for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documentation for the material (indicator 1 of Table A.1 of Appendix A.

The ZINOTANE composition is a thixotropic material. For airless application and painting with a brush (roller), use the material as delivered. If necessary, the composition can be diluted with SOLV-UR solvent (TU 2319-032-12288779) or petroleum solvent (GOST 10214) immediately before application. The degree of dilution is no more than 5% by weight

The composition should be applied after acceptance of the surface of metal structures prepared for painting.

Apply one layer of the composition in a wet layer thickness according to clause 7.3.3. Apply each subsequent layer (if necessary) after the previous layer has dried until it is “tack-free” (light pressure on the coating with a finger does not leave a mark and does not give a feeling of stickiness), which corresponds approximately to degree 2 according to GOST 19007.

The thickness of the dry film of the ZINOTAN coating must be at least 80 microns. In hard-to-reach places, a local excess of the coating thickness of up to 200 microns is allowed in the absence of drips, cracking and deterioration of the adhesion of the coating to the metal.

Accept the QINOTANE coating according to the following characteristics:

• thickness (there should be no areas with a coating thickness of less than 80 microns).

Application of POLYTON-UR enamel

Before using the enamel, check the tightness of the container, then open the container and mix the enamel until smooth with a high-speed mixer for 3-5 minutes.

Inspect the enamel in appearance for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documentation for the material (indicator 1 of Table A.2 of Appendix A.

POLYTON-UR enamel is a thixotropic material; For airless application and painting with a brush (roller), use material with the viscosity as delivered. If necessary, dilute the enamel immediately before application to working viscosity with SOLV-UR solvent (TU 2319-032-12288779) in an amount of no more than 10% by weight.

POLYTON-UR enamel should be applied after preparation and acceptance of the quality of the surface of metal structures primed with the ZINOTAN composition. The minimum time before applying POLYTON-UR enamel over the ZINOTAN coating is given in Table 4.

The maximum allowable time before applying POLYTON-UR enamel over ZINOTANE coating is 2 years

Apply POLYTON-UR enamel. Each subsequent layer of enamel (if necessary) should be applied after the previous one has dried until it is “tack-free” (light pressure on the coating with a finger does not leave a mark and does not give a feeling of stickiness), which approximately corresponds to degree 2 according to GOST 19007.

The total thickness of the coating TSINOTANE (1 layer) + POLYTON-UR (1 layer) must be at least 140 microns, coating TSINOTANE (1 layer) + POLYTON-UR (2 layers)

– not less than 200 microns.

In hard-to-reach places, a local excess of the coating thickness of up to 300 microns is allowed in the absence of drips, cracking and deterioration of the adhesion of the coating to the metal.

Accept the TSINOTANE + POLYTON-UR coating according to the following characteristics:

• appearance (there should be no streaks, cracking, peeling, etc.);
• thickness (there should be no sections with a thickness less than the required one).

Application of POLYTON-UR enamel (UV)

Before using the enamel, check the tightness of the container with the components, and then open the container. Mix the enamel base thoroughly with a pneumatic or other high-speed mixer for 1-3 minutes until smooth. Completely pour the hardener from the kit into the base with constant stirring, after which the enamel is ready for use. If it is necessary to prepare a smaller volume of enamel, add a hardener to the base in the ratio indicated on the container label and in the quality certificate.

The viability of enamel is at least 4 hours.

Inspect the enamel in appearance for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documentation for the material (indicator 1 of Table A.3 of Appendix A.

The conditional viscosity of the enamel according to a VZ-246 type viscometer with a nozzle diameter of 4 mm according to GOST 8420 10 minutes after mixing should be from 20 to 150 s.

For airless application and painting with a brush (roller), it is recommended to use the enamel as delivered.

Applying enamel

POLYTON-UR (UV) enamel should be applied after receiving the surface prepared for painting with POLYTON-UR coating. The minimum time between applying POLYTON-UR enamel and POLYTON-UR enamel (UV) is given in Table 5 (but not earlier than 24 hours after applying POLYTON-UR enamel). The maximum allowable time before applying POLYTON-UR (UV) enamel over POLYTON-UR coating is 1 year

Drying is natural. If it is necessary to apply several layers of POLYTON-UR (UV) enamel, apply the next layer no earlier than 6 hours after applying the previous layer (at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C).

The total thickness of the coating TSINOTANE + POLYTON-UR + POLYTON-UR (UV) must be at least 200 microns.

A local excess of the total coating thickness of up to 400 microns is allowed in areas that are structurally difficult to paint in the absence of drips, cracking and deterioration of coating adhesion.

Accept the finished coating according to the indicators given in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 – Coating characteristics determined during acceptance inspection

Name of coating characteristics	Determination method	Coating characteristics
1 Appearance	Visual inspection in natural daylight	Smooth solid color of appropriate color. Mechanical damage, drips, peeling, bubbles and other defects characteristic of paintwork are not allowed.
2 Thickness	Determination of thickness according to GOST 31993	The thickness must correspond to the total thickness of the coating according to 1.1.2.
3 Adhesion	For coating thickness up to 200 microns – according to GOST 15140, method 2 (lattice cuts method)	No more than 2 points – minor peeling of the coating in the form of small flakes is allowed at the intersection of the grid lines. Violation is observed on no more than 5% of the grating surface.
	For coating thicknesses up to 250 µm - according to ISO 2409, transverse notch tests	No more than 1 point – peeling of small flakes of the coating at the intersection of cuts is allowed. The area of ​​delamination slightly exceeds 5% of the grating area.
	With a coating thickness of more than 250 microns using the X-shaped cut method according to ISO 16276-2	No more than 2 points – peeling along the cuts is allowed, reaching up to 1.5 mm.

3. The need for machines and mechanisms, technological equipment and materials

The need for basic construction machinery and mechanisms is shown in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1

	Name of equipment		Brand, type*			Specifications
	1		2			3
	1 Equipment for surface preparation
	1.1 Abrasive blasting installation		DSG-250-SP DSG-250-SP DBS-100 DBS-200		Working pressure 0.5 – 0.7 MPa Compressed air consumption 4.5 – 10 m3/min
	1.2 Electric grinding machine		E-2102		Abrasive wheel diameter 180 mm
	1.3 Pneumatic grinding machine		UPShR No. 1		Wire brush diameter 100 mm; Rotation speed 8500 rpm
	2 Painting equipment
	2.1 Airless spray units		"President" "Bulldog", "King" (“GRACO”, USA); (Germany); Unit “7000N” (VZSOM, Lithuania)		Coatings flow rate from 3.6 to 13.0 l/min Pump drive – pneumatic or electric
	3 Devices and instruments for preparing paints and varnishes
	3.1 High speed mixer		–		Rotation frequency from 500 to 1000 rpm (drive – pneumatic or electric)
	3.2 Lever rocker scales		RN-50Sh13-2		Maximum weighing limit 50 kg
4 Control devices
4.1 Viscometer		VZ-246		Nozzle diameter (4 ± 0.02) mm Capacity (100 ± 0.5) ml
4.2 Temperature and humidity meter		Elcometer 319		Temperature from minus 30 to plus 60 °C Relative humidity 0 to 100%
		IVTM-7		Temperature from minus 20 to plus 60 °C Relative humidity from 2 to 98%
4.3 Thickness gauge of the uncured layer (comb)		Elcometer 3236, Constant G1		Range 20 – 370 µm Range 10 – 220 µm
4.4 Dry film thickness gauge		Elcometer 456 FBS,		Range 0 – 5000 µm (depending on sensor type)

The equipment specified in Table 3.1 and further in the text of this technological map can be replaced by the Contractor with similar equipment available at the time of work based on the required productivity and technical characteristics.

4. Team composition by profession

The composition of the brigade is shown in table 4.1

Table 4.1

5. Solutions for labor protection, industrial and fire safety

When performing surface protection work building structures buildings and structures must comply with safety and fire safety rules provided for in the following documents:

– Labor Code Russian Federation;

– SNiP 12-03-2001 “Labor safety in construction” part 1;

– SNiP 12-04-2002 “Labor safety in construction” part 2;

– SP 12-136-2002 “Decisions on labor protection and industrial safety in construction projects and work projects”;

– SP 12-135-2003 “Labor safety in construction. Industry standard instructions on labor protection;

– Order of the Ministry of Health and social development RF dated December 9, 2009 N 970n “On approval of the Standard Standards for the free issuance of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment to oil industry workers engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, as well as in work performed in special temperature conditions or associated with pollution”;

– RD-13.110.00-KTN-260-14 “Main pipeline transport of oil and petroleum products. Safety rules for the operation of facilities of JSC AK Transneft;

– OR-03.100.30-KTN-150-11 “Procedure for organizing fire, gas hazardous and other high-risk work at explosive and fire-hazardous facilities of Transneft system organizations and issuing work permits for their preparation and implementation”;

– OR-13.100.00-KTN-030-12 “Procedure for admitting contractors to carry out construction, technical re-equipment, reconstruction, capital and current repairs, repair and maintenance needs of the facilities of JSC AK Transneft.

– RD-13.220.00-KTN-148-15 “Main pipeline transport of oil and petroleum products. Fire safety rules at the facilities of Transneft system organizations";

– Order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation No. 155n dated March 28, 2014 “On approval of the Rules for labor protection when working at height”;

Construction materials should not have a negative impact on human health, i.e. don't highlight harmful substances, fungal and bacterial spores into the environment.

All painting work associated with the use of paints and varnishes in construction must be carried out in accordance with general requirements safety according to GOST 12.3.002-2014 and GOST 12.3.005-75.

When designing anti-corrosion protection areas, warehouses, units for the preparation of emulsions, aqueous solutions, suspensions, the requirements of current standards in terms of sanitary, explosion, explosion and fire safety must be observed.

Anti-corrosion coatings should not emit external environment harmful chemicals in quantities exceeding maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) approved in accordance with the established procedure.

It is prohibited to dump or pour anti-corrosion protection materials, their solutions, emulsions, as well as waste generated from washing into sanitary water bodies and sewers. technological equipment and pipelines. If it is impossible to eliminate the discharge or discharge of the above materials or waste, it is necessary to provide for preliminary treatment of wastewater.

Workers involved in degreasing the surface, preparing and applying the composition must be provided with the following PPE: special protective clothing, rubber gloves in accordance with GOST 20010, requirements for eye protection in accordance with GOST 12.4.253, filtering respirator RPG-67 (A) in accordance with GOST 12.4. 296.

The container in which the paint and varnish material is located must have a label with the exact name and designation of the material contained in it. The container must be in good condition and have tight-fitting lids.

Anti-corrosion materials should be applied manually using brushes with protective washers at the base of the handles.

Spray guns should be used weighing no more than 1 kg; The force of pressing the spray gun trigger should not exceed 10 N.

In the event of an accidental spill of paintwork materials, the spill site must be immediately covered with sawdust or sand, having previously protected the respiratory system. Collect contaminated solvents, sawdust, sand, rags, and rags in buckets and dispose of them in specially designated areas.

If the paint gets on open areas of the skin, except the face (eye area), wipe them with a cotton swab dipped in solvent, then wash with soap and water.

Eating and smoking are permitted only in designated areas.

Paint and varnish materials TSINOTANE, POLYTON-UR and POLYTON-UR (UV) are classified as fire hazardous materials.

When carrying out work, you must strictly observe the Fire Regulations in the Russian Federation dated April 25, 2102. It is prohibited to use water to extinguish a fire!

Lighting of the work site

At twilight, a temporary lighting mast is installed on the site to illuminate the site of construction and installation work. Electricity is supplied from a mobile diesel or gasoline generator Contractor (diesel station). The standard illumination of the construction site is 10 lux

Based on GOST 12.1.046-2014, electric lighting of construction sites and areas is divided into work, emergency, evacuation and security. When darkness falls, work areas, workplaces, passages and passages to them must be illuminated: at least 10 lux when performing earthworks; at least 100 lux at the workplace when performing installation and insulation work; at least 2 lux on passages within the work site; at least 5 lux in the passages to the work site.

At night, lighting should be provided by floodlights or explosion-proof lamps.

When carrying out work, it is necessary to strictly comply with fire safety requirements aimed at preventing exposure to hazardous factors fire, set out in the following regulatory documents:

– RD 13.220.00-KTN-148-15 Main pipeline transport of oil and petroleum products. Fire safety rules at the facilities of Transneft system organizations.

– Standard instructions on the procedure for conducting welding and other hot work at explosive and fire-hazardous facilities in the oil industry.

• GOST 12.1.004-91. SSBT. "Fire safety. General requirements";
• GOST 12.1.010-76. SSBT. “Explosion safety. General requirements";
• Fire safety rules in forests of the Russian Federation. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 30, 2007 No. 417;
• Fire regulations in the Russian Federation. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation
  from 04/25/2012 No. 390

All workers involved in the work must be trained in PTM (fire technical minimum) and undergo fire safety briefings. Initial briefing at the workplace and targeted briefing before starting work should be carried out immediate supervisor works (foreman, site manager, etc.) Introductory briefing on fire safety should be conducted by a SPB engineer, fire safety instructor.

Engineering and technical personnel of the organizations responsible for carrying out the work must undergo training in a specialized organization according to the fire-technical minimum program. This is a requirement for contractor must be included in the special conditions of the contract, in accordance with clause 7.1.7 RD-13.220.00-KTN-148-15.

The work contractor must check the implementation of fire safety measures within the work site. It is permitted to begin work only after all measures to ensure fire safety have been completed.

The contractor's work managers are responsible for compliance by subordinate personnel with the fire safety rules in force at the site and for the occurrence of fires that occur through their fault, in accordance with clause 7.1.17 RD-13.220.00-KTN-148-15.

The provision of work sites with primary fire extinguishing means, depending on the type and volume of work, must be carried out by the work contractor in accordance with clause 7.1.18 RD-13.220.00-KTN-148-15.

Roads and approaches to sources fire water supply must ensure the passage of fire equipment to them at any time of the day, at any time of the year.

When placing and arranging temporary carriages, be guided by the requirements of section 6.5.9 RD-13.220.00-KTN-148-15.

In every residential building/car house, instructions on fire safety measures must be posted in a visible place. All residents must be familiar with the instructions for signature.

When operating electrical equipment in temporary buildings, it is prohibited:

 use electrical energy receivers (electrical receivers) in conditions that do not meet the requirements of the manufacturer’s instructions, or receivers that have malfunctions that, in accordance with the operating instructions, can lead to a fire, as well as operate electrical wires and cables with damaged or lost protective properties isolation;

 use damaged sockets, switches, and other electrical installation products;

 wrap electric lamps and lamps with paper, cloth and other flammable materials, as well as operate lamps with removed caps (diffusers) provided for by the design of the lamp;

 use non-standard (homemade) electric heating devices, use uncalibrated fuse-links or other homemade devices overload protection and short circuit;

 place (store) flammable (including flammable) substances and materials near electrical panels, electric motors and starting equipment.

Each building/car house must be equipped with at least one OP-5 fire extinguisher and one OVE-4 (OVE-5, OVE-6) or two OVE-4 fire extinguishers (OVE-5, OVE-6). A power plant operating on liquid fuel must be equipped with two fire extinguishers OVE-5/OVE-6.

Maintain fire-fighting equipment in good working order. Passages to shields with fire-fighting equipment must always be clear and marked with appropriate signs.

General fire safety solutions:

1. Establish operational communication with the fire department.
2. Place 2 panels with fire-fighting equipment on the construction site (the quantity is determined in accordance with Appendix 5 of the “Fire Regulations in the Russian Federation”). Fire shields should be equipped with primary fire extinguishing means, non-mechanized firefighting tools and equipment in accordance with Appendix 6 of the “Fire Regulations in the Russian Federation”.

It is prohibited to use primary fire extinguishing means, non-mechanized firefighting tools and equipment for household and other needs not related to firefighting.

1. Organize temporary power supply taking into account fire safety.
2. Self-propelled equipment, welding units, compressors involved in the work must be provided with at least two OP-10 fire extinguishers (each unit of equipment)
3. Lighting of work areas should be carried out using explosion-proof lamps and floodlights with a voltage of no more than 12V.
4. Grounding of mobile power stations. The resistance of the grounding device should not exceed 25 Ohms
5. Free access to carriage houses, fire equipment and fire water sources must be ensured. The connection of the car-houses to the electrical network must be made in accordance with the Electrical Installation Rules and must be grounded using the inventory grounding. The grounding depth must be at least 1 m.
6. A fire post with primary fire extinguishing equipment should be set up no further than 3 meters from the hot work area:

a) fire extinguishers OP-35, OP-50, OVE-40, OVE-50 – at least 2 pcs. any type;

b) fire extinguishers OP-5, OVE-5 – at least 2 pcs. any type;

c) a box of sand with a volume of 1 m3;

d) two buckets, one crowbar, two shovels, one axe;

e) felt or fire-resistant fabric 2×2 m – 2 pcs. or 1.5×2.0 m – 3 pcs.

At the work site, by order of the operating or contracting organization, from among the workers, create a combat crew of the DPD with the distribution of responsibilities in accordance with the approved report card.

Actions in case of fire

It is necessary to establish a fire safety regime at the work site in accordance with the Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 25, 2012 No. 390) and
RD-13.220.00-KTN-148-15.

Actions in case of fire

Actions of workers in case of fire

Each worker, when detecting a fire or signs of combustion (smoke, burning smell, increased temperature, etc.) must:

a) immediately report this by phone to the fire department; in this case, you must provide the address of the facility, the location of the fire, and also provide your last name;

b) take measures to evacuate people and, if possible, preserve material assets, extinguish the fire using primary and stationary fire extinguishing means;

c) report the fire to the dispatcher (operator) of the facility or the manager of the facility (senior official of the facility).

Managers and officials of facilities, persons duly appointed responsible for ensuring fire safety, upon arrival at the scene of the fire must:

a) report the occurrence of a fire to the fire department, notify the management and duty services of the facility;

b) if people’s lives are threatened, immediately organize their rescue, using available forces and means for this;

c) check the activation of automatic fire protection systems, if available (fire extinguishing, cooling (irrigation) installations, smoke protection systems, warning systems and fire evacuation control systems);

d) if necessary, turn off the electricity (with the exception of the fire control unit), stop the operation of transporting devices, units, apparatus, and take other measures to help prevent the development of fire hazards;

e) stop all work (if this is permissible according to the production process), except for work related to fire extinguishing measures;

f) remove all workers not involved in fire extinguishing outside the danger zone;

g) implement general leadership to extinguish the fire (taking into account the specific features of the facility) before the arrival of the fire department;

i) ensure compliance with safety requirements by workers taking part in fire extinguishing;

j) simultaneously with extinguishing the fire, organize the evacuation and protection of material assets;

k) organize a meeting of fire departments and provide assistance in choosing the shortest route to access the fire;

l) inform the fire departments involved in extinguishing fires and carrying out related priority rescue operations, information about hazardous (explosive), explosive, highly toxic substances processed or stored at the facility, necessary to ensure the safety of personnel.

Upon arrival of the fire department, the head or person replacing him informs the fire extinguishing director about constructive and technological features of the facility, adjacent buildings and structures, the quantity and fire hazard properties of stored and used substances, materials, products and other information necessary for the successful elimination of the fire, the operation of the emergency control system, emergency systems, and also organizes the involvement of forces and resources of the facility in the implementation of the necessary measures related to the liquidation fire and preventing its development.

6. Operational quality control scheme

Construction control must be carried out by construction control units of the JCC at all stages of all types of construction and installation work. It is prohibited to carry out construction and installation work without the participation of the JCC. Responsibility for the organization and quality of construction control rests with the contractor.

SKK must carry out construction control during each technological stage of work. The results of construction control are recorded daily in the construction control log of the contractor at the work site, the general work log and the journal of comments and suggestions. The construction control log of the contractor is drawn up in accordance with Appendix B OR-91.200.00-KTN-108-16.

CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF REGULATIVE RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION "ORGTRANSSTROY"

MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION

TECHNOLOGICAL MAP

PLASTERING AND PAINTING WORKS IN LARGE-PANEL HOUSES

I. APPLICATION AREA

The technological map was developed based on the application of methods of scientific organization of labor and is intended for use in developing a project for the production of work and the organization of work and labor at the site.

The map is compiled for plastering and Painting works for a 60-apartment building of series 1-467 A-2 and can be used when performing plastering and painting work in large-panel buildings of other types.

II. INSTRUCTIONS FOR WORK TECHNOLOGY

a) Plastering works

1. Plastering work is carried out first on the 1st floor, then on the 2nd, 3rd and subsequent floors with transitions within the floor from one section to another. Plastering work is carried out in those sections where structures are not being installed.

Before plastering begins, brick and concrete surfaces are thoroughly cleaned of dust.

2. Support tables under the entrance canopies and niches above the canopies are plastered over a metal mesh with a cell size of 10×10 mm or by weaving from wire with cells no larger than 40×40 mm . Skirting boards, platbands and door frames are coated with a solution and the surface is smoothed.

3. When covering the walls and ceilings in the vestibule with sheets of dry plaster over insulation, the sheets are attached to wooden blocks with thin nails (tar paper) with wide heads. The nail heads are sunk into the sheets and puttyed.

4. When cutting rust patterns on ceilings with a template, the grooves at the joints of the slabs are thoroughly cleaned of dust and abundantly moistened with water, and then filled with cement mortar to the full depth and smoothed.

To speed up the setting of the cement mortar, about 1-2% gypsum is added to it with thorough mixing of the mixture.

5. Due to the small volume, plastering work must be done manually.

6. In winter, plastering work begins after completion of installation, roofing and glass work. The air temperature inside the building must be at least +8 °C (when measured at a height of 0.5 m from the floor).

7. Window sills should be plastered before the onset of cold weather. When plastering them in winter, it is necessary to protect the plaster markings from premature freezing by electrical heating, insulation with felt, etc.

8. Plastering work is performed from strong, stable scaffolds or tables. Moreover, you can only work in one height tier at a time.

9. Workers performing work must comply with the requirements of SNiP III - B .13-62 “Finishing coatings for building structures. Rules for production and acceptance of work" and safety rules in accordance with SNiP III-A

b) Painting work

1. Before starting painting work in the premises to be finished, all general construction, electrical and plumbing work must be completed, as well as window sashes and balcony doors must be glazed.

The quality of the mounted products must be such that their surface does not require additional finishing works, except for sealing seams, puttying and painting.

The surface of the products should be free of cracks, chips, grease and rust stains, mortar deposits, and exposed reinforcement.

2. Painting work should begin after the installation of the building is completed, starting from the top floor.

3. Surfaces to be painted are first cleaned of dust. The moisture content of the plaster before painting should not exceed 8%, and wooden surfaces - 12 %.

4. Before painting, rough surfaces are puttied and smoothed, and small cracks are expanded and sealed with mortar to a depth of 2-3 mm . Grinding of putty and greased areas and smoothing of surfaces is carried out using a pneumatic trowel.

5. Paints, pastes and putties are prepared in a paint shop and delivered to the construction site in finished form.

To supply compressed air to mechanized tools, pneumatic struts made of seamless gas pipes with air intake valves are installed in the stairwells on each floor. Pneumatic risers are connected to a compressor installed on the ground floor staircase.

In turn, paint injection tanks are connected to the pneumatic riser with rubber hoses, which supply paint compositions to spray guns, pneumatic rollers and fishing rods.

6. Ceilings are primed and painted using an electric spray gun with a universal rod, and oil painting of walls and floors is done using rollers with pneumatic supply of paint compositions.

Smooth foam rollers are used for painting doors, and profiled foam rollers are used for window frames.

Pipes are painted with special brushes, and metal fencing staircases and balconies - with paired foam rollers.

The second time, the floors are painted with oil paint heated to a temperature of 25-30 °C.

7. In winter, the air temperature inside the building must be at least +8 °C (when measured at a height of 0.5 m from the floor).

8. Workers performing painting work must comply with the requirements of SNiP III - B .13-62 “Finishing coatings for building structures. Rules for production and acceptance of work" and safety regulations SNiP III-A .11-62 “Safety in construction.”

III. GUIDELINES ON LABOR ORGANIZATION

a) Plastering works

To perform plastering work, the building is divided into two sections, each of which includes two sections. The duration of plastering work on one section of each floor is 3 days. Plastering work is performed by a team of plasterers of 6 people (4 grades - 3; 3 grades - 2; 2 grades - 1)

Plasterers 4 grades. cut rustications between the floor slabs, arrange external window sills. One of them is a foreman, manages the work of the team and monitors the quality of the work performed.

Plasterers 3 grades cover the walls and ceilings in the vestibule with sheets of dry plaster, plaster the brick walls in the staircases, fill the gaps between the walls and baseboards and between door frames and platbands, as well as together with plasterer 2 sizes. seal the passage of heating and water supply pipes with mortar and notch the edges of the slabs on the ceilings with caulking of the seams.

b) Painting work

All painting work is performed by a team of painters of 18 people, consisting of 3 units. The first link (5 grades - 1; 4 grades - 2; 3 grades - 1; 2 grades - 2) prepares surfaces for adhesive painting, and after preparation is completed, performs adhesive and oil painting.

Painter 5 sizes is a foreman. He manages the work of the team, monitors the quality of the work performed and, together with the 4th grade painters. performs priming of surfaces for adhesive painting and fluting of surfaces after the first and second painting with oil paint.

Painters 4 sizes perform surface priming for adhesive painting and improved adhesive and oil painting.

Painters 3 and 2 grades. clean the surfaces from dust, smooth the rough surface of the plaster and, after priming, sand the surface with sandpaper.

The second link (4 grades - 1; 3 grades - 2; 2 grades - 3) prepares surfaces for oil painting.

Painter 4 sizes Performs priming and fluting of surfaces and supervises the work of the unit.

Painters 3 sizes They perform continuous putty, sanding with pumice after putty and sanding with sandpaper after priming the surfaces.

Painters 2 grades smooth out the roughness of the plaster surface with the end of a tree or a flange, fill out cracks, lubricate and sand the greased areas.

The first link of the brigade performs work in sections 1 and 3; the second link in sections 1 and 3, and then moves to sections 2 and 4 and performs work in the sequence indicated on

The third link of the brigade, consisting of 6 people (5 units - 1; 4 units - 2; 3 units - 1; 2 units - 2) performs the same work as the first link, but in sections 2 and 4.

Materials are supplied by a T-37 rack lift, which is serviced by a 3rd grade driver. and two riggers 2 grades.

IV. PRODUCTION SCHEDULE

A. Plastering works

B. Painting work

V. CALCULATION OF LABOR COSTS (PER BUILDING)

A. Plastering works

Item no.	Regulatory source code	Description of work	Squad composition	Unit	Scope of work	Per unit of measurement		For the entire scope of work
						standard time, person-hour	price, rub.-kop.	standard time, person-hour	salary amount, rub.-kop.
	§ 8-7, tab. 2, No. 2d General part, paragraph 4, K = 1.08	Improved mesh plaster with cement mortar for support tables and niches above canopies	Plasterers:
			4 size - 1.	m 2			0-63,7		5-35
			3 size - 1
	The same, No. 2a, General part, paragraph 4, K = 1.08	Improved plaster brick walls staircase with lime-cement mortar	Same	Same	22,7		0-38,2	13,62	8-67
	§ 8-1, No. 2a Technical part, note 5, K = 1.5	Cladding the walls in the vestibule with sheets of dry plaster over insulation	Plasterers 3 size - 2		29,1	0,217	0-12	6,31	3-49
	The same, No. 26 Technical part, note 5, K = 1.5	Same for ceilings	Same		11,09	0,232	0-12,9	2,57	1-43
	The same, No. 3a Technical part, note 5, K = 1.5	Sealing joints between sheets of dry plaster on walls with mortar	Plasterer 3 size - 1		29,1	0,057	0-03,1	1,65	0-90
	§ 8-1, No. 3b, Technical part, note 5, K = 1.5	Sealing joints between sheets of dry plaster on ceilings with mortar	Plasterer 3 size - 1	Same	11,09	0,085	0-048	0,94	0-53
	§ 8-18, No. 6 Technical part, note 5, K = 1.5	Lubricating frames and trim at the vestibule door	Same	100 m	1,60		4-66,5	13,44	7-46
	§ 8-11, No. 1b	Notching edges with caulking seams	Plasterers:	Same	16,74	3,80	1-99	63,61	33-31
			3 size - 1,
			2 sizes - 1
	§ 8-1, 6, No. 2, 3	Sealing seams with mortar and cutting out rustications	Plasterers 4 grades. - 1		16,74	27,1	16-94	453,66	283-58
	§ 20-1-123, No. 1	Sealing and plastering of pipe passages in walls	Plasterers: 4 grades. - 1			0,77	0-43	184,8	103-20
			2 sizes - 1	resp.
	§ 20-1-123, No. 2	Sealing and plastering of pipe passages in ceilings	Plasterers: 4 grades. - 1	Same		0,60	0-33,5	306,0	170-85
			2 sizes -1
	§ 8-18, No. 5	Baseboard greasing	Plasterers 3 sizes - 1	100 m	26,21		2-83	133,67	74-17
	Same, No. 6	The same platbands	Same	Same	54,30		3-11	304,08	168-87
	§ 8-8, No. 6	Installation of external ebb tides	Plasterer 4 grades - 1	m 2	50,78	1,75	1-09	88,86	55-35
	§ 1-8, tab. 2, No. 10a	Supplying the solution with a rack lift	Machinist 3 raz.-1	100 m 2	0,118	39,0	21-65	4,60	2-55
			Riggers 2 raz.-2			78,0	38-45	9,20	4-54
	§ 1-11, note 4	Cleaning the body of a dump truck from solution				0,048	0-02,1	0,96	0-42
Total				man-hour				1596,37
				person-day					924-67
B. Painting work
	§ 8-24, tab. 4g, No. 4, 10, 14, tab. 6, No. 3g, note, K = 0.2	Preparation of ceiling surfaces for adhesive painting with an electric spray gun in rooms larger than 5 m2	A team of painters	100 m 2 painted surface	24,74	6,55	3-38,9	162,05	83-84
			Same	Same	4,136	7,86	4-06,7	32,63	16-82
	§ 8-24, tab. 4b, No. 4, 10, 14, table. 6, No. 3b, note, K = 0.2	Preparing wall surfaces for adhesive painting in rooms larger than 5 m2			66,22	5.13	2-64,6	339,71	175-22
	The same, technical part, paragraph 6, K = 1.2	Preparation of wall surfaces for adhesive painting in rooms up to 5 m2	A team of painters	100 m 2 painted surface	10,6	6,156	3-17,5	65,25	50-80
	§ 8-24, tab. 4g, No. 14, 14	Primer and adhesive painting of ceilings with an electric spray gun in rooms larger than 5 m2	Painter 4 sizes - 1	Same	24,74	1,48	0-92,6	36,62	22-91
	The same, technical part, paragraph 6, K = 1.2		Same		4,136	1,776	1-11,1	7,35	4-60
	§ 8-24, tab. 4, No. 14b	Second primer adhesives walls at a time with an electric spray gun in rooms with an area of ​​more than 5 m2			66,22	0,57	0-35,6	37,75	23-57
	§ 8-24, tab. 4, No. 14b, Technical part, K ​​= 1.2	Second priming of walls with adhesive compositions at a time using an electric spray gun in rooms up to 5 m2			10,6	0,684	0-42,7	7,25	4-53
	§ 8-24, tab. 6, No. 9b	Improved adhesive painting of walls with rollers in rooms larger than 5 m2			66,22		1-88	198,66	124-49
		The same in rooms up to 5 m2	Painter 4 sizes - 1	100 m2 of painted surface	10,6		2-25,6	38,16	23-91
	§ 8-24, tab. 4 b, No. 4, 8, 10, 11 table. 6 b, No. 3, 1, 3, 10, note, K = 0.2	Preparing walls for improved oil painting with a roller in rooms larger than 5 m2	A team of painters	Same	12,6	29,81	15-95,9	375,61	201-08
	§ 8-24, tab. 4 b, No. 4, 8, 10, 11, table. 6 b, No. 3, 1, 3, 10, note, K = 0.2 technical part, paragraph 6, K = 1.2	Preparation of walls for improved oil painting in rooms up to 5 m2	Same		8,46	35,77	19-15	302,61	162-01
	Same table. 6, No. 14 b	Improved oil painting of walls with a roller in rooms larger than 5 m2	Painter 4 sizes - 1		12,16		3-25	63,23	39-52
	The same, technical part, K ​​= 1.2	The same in rooms up to 5 m2	Same		8,46	6,24	3-90	52,79	32-99
	The same, table. 6 d, No. 13, 16	Improved oil painting with a brush of double-hung window blocks with painting of the window sill boards of the blocks for the second time	A team of painters			17,0	10-97	112,20	72-40
	Same table. 6, d, 13, 16	The same tricuspid blocks	A team of painters	100 m 2 painted surface	4,50	17,0	10-97	76,50	49-37
	The same, table. 6, e, No. 13, 16	The same balcony doors for the second time	Same	Same	2,58	13,1	8-43	33,80	21-75
	§ 8-24, tab. 6e, No. 13, 16, K = 1.2	Improved oil brush painting of cabinets for the second time	Painters: 5 sizes - 1	100 m 2	24,4	15,72	10-11,6	383,57	272-30
			4 size - 1
	§ 8-24, tab. 9, b, No. 9, 10	Improved oil painting of doors with trim for the second time with a roller	A team of painters	Same	6,54	28,6	18-38	187,04	120-20
	The same, g, No. 9, 10	The same doors without platbands	Same		1,13	21,5	13-82	24,30	15-62
	§ 8-24 tab. 4, b, No. 4, 8, 10, 11, table. 6, b, No. 3, 1, 3, 10, 16, 4, note, K = 0.2	Preparation for improved oil painting of window slopes with a roller	Painters: 4 sizes - 1			35,21	19-33,9	28,17	15-47
			3 size - 1
			2 sizes - 1
	§ 8-24 tab. 6, b, No. 12, 16, 4, 13, 16	Improved oil painting of slopes with a brush	A team of painters	100 m 2		25,3	16-02	20,24	12-82
	§ 8-26, no. la	Pulling out panels on walls	Painter 4 sizes - 1	100 m 2	12,48		2-50	49,92	31-20
	§ 8-24, tab. 4, g, No. 6, 9, 10, table. 6, g, No. 3, 1, 4, 11, 12, 16	Preparation for improved oil painting of plank floors with an area of ​​more than 5 m 2	A team of painters	100 m 2	18,294	36,88	20-54,5	674,68	465-58
25	The same, technical part, paragraph 6, K = 1.2	The same floors up to 5 m 2	Same	Same	2,585	44,25	24-65,4	114,39	63-73
26	§ 8-24, tab. 6, f, No. 14, 16	Improved oil-based roller painting in two coats of plank floors over 5 m 2	Painters: 5 sizes - 1	»	18,294	6,40	4-00	117,08	73-18
			4 size - 1
27	The same, technical part, paragraph 6, K = 1.2	The same for floors up to 5 m2	Same	»	2,585	7,68	4-80	19,85	12-41
28	§ 8-24, tab. 13, in, No. 1-6, 10-13	Improved oil painting with a brush in two times for heating and water pipes with a diameter of up to 50 mm	A team of painters	»	4,22	99,25	56-04,1	418,84	236-49
29	The same, table. 13b, No. 1-6, 10-13	Same as cast iron sewer pipes with a diameter of more than 50 mm	Same	»	0,96	58-9	32-71	56,54	31-40
30	§ 8-24, tab. 13, g, No. 2, 4, 5, 6,7, 10, 11, 7	Improved oil painting of radiators with a spray gun in two times	»	»	3,52	76,60	42-71	269,63	150-34
31	§ 8-24, tab. 13, in, No. 1-0, 10-13	Improved oil brush painting in two times for stair railing gratings	Painter 3 sizes - 1	100 m 2	0,88	99,25	56-04,1	87,34	49-32
32	§ 8-24, tab. 11b, No. 10, 12, 9, 11, 12	Improved oil painting of wooden handrails with a brush in two times with sanding and fluting	A team of painters	100 m	0,864	8,30	5-24,9	7,31	4-54
33	§ 8-24, tab. 6, e, No. 13, 16	Improved oil brush painting of tambour blocks for the second time	Painter 4 sizes - 1	100 m 2 painted surface	0,52	13,1	8-43	6,81	4-38
34	§ 8-24, tab. 13, b, No. 1-6, 10, 11	Preparation for improved oil painting of steel caps	A team of painters	Same	0,16	42,4	22-39	6,78	3-58
35	§ 8-24, tab. 13, in, No. 1-6, 10, 11	Preparation for improved oil painting of balcony railings	Same	»	2,386	67,25	36-04,1	160,46	85-99
36	The same, b, No. 12, 13	Oil painting of steel caps in two times with a brush	Painter 4 sizes - 1	»	0,16	16,5	10-32	2,64	1-65
37	§ 8-24, tab. 13, in, No. 12, 13	The same for balcony railings	Same	»	2,386	32,0	20-00	76.35	47-72
38	§ 8-24, tab. 4, b, No. 20, 21, applicable.	Painting screens on balconies with perchlorovinyl paint using a brush twice on both sides	Painters: 4 sizes - 1	100 m 2 painted surface	1,2	9,3	5-50	11,16	6-60
			3 digit -1
39	§ 1-11, No. 1g	Unloading various materials and paints from vehicles manually and placing them on the ground	Transport worker 1 job - 1	T	8	0,43	0-18,8	3,44	1-50
40	§ 1-8, tab. 2, No. 12a	Lifting color mixtures using a T-37 lift to an average height of 8 m	Machinist 3 grades - 1	100 T	0,08	17	9-44	1,36	0-76
			Riggers 2 grades - 2	Same	0,08	34	16-76	2,72	1-68
Total				man-hour				4672,79
				person-day				584,1	2818-27	200		185		-7,5
Labor costs per 100 m 2 living space	»	11,02		10,2		-7,5
Average level of workers	-	3,34		3,35		+0,3
Daily average wage per 1 worker	rub.-kop.	4-62,3		5-00		+8,2
b) Painting work
Total labor intensity	person-day		584,1		540,5		-7,5
Labor costs per 100 m 2 living space	»		32,2		29,8		-7,5 A. Basic materials, semi-finished products, products and structures Quantity Plastering works Construction gypsum, t 0,5 Lime mortar, m 3 11,8 Wire mesh, m 2 9 Cement grade 400, t 2,6 Tar paper nails, kg. 5 Sheets of dry plaster, m 2 42 Painting works Chalk paste, kg. 2630 Vitriol putty, kg. 223 Hide glue, kg. 93 Painting glue, kg. 9 Copper sulfate, kg. 59 Drying oil, kg. 670 Chalk, kg. 1294 Laundry soap, kg. 74 Pumice, kg. 94 Rags, kg. 40 Drying agent kg. 20 Oil paint for painting, kg: walls 510 doors 210 windows 200 cabinets 440 floors 510 vestibule blocks 10 metal surfaces 34 B. Machinery, equipment, power tools and inventory Quantity Plastering works 2 6 Plastering trowels, pcs. 6 Rules, pcs. 6 Templates for cutting out rustications, pcs. 2 Graters, pcs. 4 Ironers, pcs. 2 Felt graters, pcs. 4 Duralumin falcons, pcs. 4 Plastering knives, pcs. 2 Plumb lines, pcs. 4 Levels, pcs. 2 Squares, pcs. 2 Rulers, pcs. 2 Hammers, pcs. 4 Boxes for solution, pcs. 4 Boxes for plaster, pcs. 2 Buckets, pcs. 6 Chisels, pcs. 2 Hand steel brushes, pcs. 2 Roofing scissors, pcs. 2 Shaped graters, pcs. 2 Herbal brushes, pcs. 2 Cords, pcs. 100 Painting works Post lifts T-37, pcs. 2 Compressors, pcs. 2 Inventory pneumatic risers with a set of hoses, pcs. 2 Paint injection tanks S-562, pcs. 3 Spatula size 20×40 cm, upholstered with sheet rubber, pcs. 1 Wooden spatulas with rubber blade, pcs. 8 Pneumatic trowelling machines, pcs. 2 Universal fishing rods, pcs. 6 Pneumatic rollers for painting walls, pcs. 4 Universal rollers for painting carpentry products, pcs. 4 Brushes for painting pipes 4 Brushes for painting radiators, pcs. 4 Twin foam rollers for painting staircase and balcony railings, pcs. 6 Fly brushes, pcs. 6 Handle brushes, pcs. 6 Flute brushes, pcs. 6 Folding scaffolding tables, pcs. 12 Ruler with divisions, pcs. 3 Cord, m. 50 Metal spatulas, pcs. 9 Foam rollers for painting floors. 6 Trays with mesh for paint 3 Protective shields, pcs. 2 Steel brushes, pcs. 3 Rubber gloves, par. 6 Respirators, pcs. 3 Safety glasses, pcs. 9 The technological map was developed by the department for the implementation of best practices and technical regulation in the construction of buildings based on materials from the Kaluga and Chelyabinsk normative research stations of the Orgtransstroy Institute. Second edition, recalculated taking into account new tariff rates, performed by A.M. Sorina

Typical routing façade painting with a spray gun is developed with the aim of streamlining the entire chain of work performed when covering wall surfaces with silicate compounds. These substances are used to treat walls not only in industrial and civil buildings, but also during renovations in private housing.

These documents also necessarily contain sections concerning labor protection and quality control of work performed.

Definition of routing

Silicate coatings contain minimal components. Thanks to this, they have excellent performance properties, such as vapor permeability and resistance to precipitation. They also do not pose a threat to the environment. These materials are sold ready-made and have excellent resistance to various chemicals. Due to their resistance to atmospheric phenomena, the compositions are successfully used for street facade work associated with the restoration of architectural objects of artistic heritage.

The technological map for covering facades with weather-resistant materials must contain the entire range of work carried out to optimize the production process, bring it in accordance with regulations, reduce costs, and adjust production schedules.

This document includes information that specifies the basic requirements for the quality of the material, its proper storage, transportation. The main section concerns the arrangement of the workplace in accordance with SNiP, correct and safe methods of working at height, the required mechanisms and tools are listed. Particular attention is paid to the safety of work.

These documents are developed by the production and technical department in the organization and are intended for site managers and foremen. These specialists are required to study in detail all technical documentation and organize labor process workers according to the requirements specified in the technological maps. Engineering and technical specialists bear personal responsibility for the safety of the work process.

Application area

The technological map has been drawn up for covering enclosing surfaces with special paints and varnishes that are resistant to precipitation. This document applies to rear construction, carrying out repair work, for the reconstruction of facades of various objects.

Before starting work on painting buildings, it is necessary to carry out the entire set of measures to prepare the surfaces of the walls for final painting. These works may include major or partial repairs of all external walls. A prerequisite is an assessment of the condition of the object by certified experts.

Finishing work is possible only if there are special permitting documents. One of them is a color passport for an object, which is issued by the relevant government authorities.

A typical routing can be linked to the correct construction project. In this case, it is necessary to coordinate the work schedule, volumes and costing.

Surface preparation

Facades intended for painting must have a surface moisture content of more than 10%. According to SNiP, certain requirements are imposed on the work of painting street walls. The outside air temperature should not be lower than 12ºС, the relative humidity should not be higher than 85%.

Requirements for the preparation of enclosing surfaces are different. Each type of surface has its own characteristics in preparation for painting.

Painting monolithic concrete

Monolithic concrete, as a rule, has shells and cracks on its surface. These defects are erased with special plaster compounds. Defects in the base are filled with these materials and then smoothed with a trowel. When carrying out work, it is necessary to ensure that the surfaces do not dry out, which can lead to negative consequences, such as the formation of cracks and peeling of the material.

For this type of work, it is advisable to use a dry mixture. This material is a powder based on high grades of cement and various additives.

To eliminate small flaws in the concrete surface, special dry mixtures containing mineral particles are used. They have excellent performance properties, such as resistance to negative temperatures and good adhesion.

Before applying this composition, the enclosing surface is cleaned of dust, dirt, remnants of old paint, and other foreign objects and substances. These inclusions may reduce the quality of material application. Ready solution laid using a special spatula, after which it is rubbed with a trowel to give the wall a smooth surface. If the work is carried out correctly, the mixture consumption should not exceed 2 kg/m² with a thickness of no more than 1.5 mm.

The concrete surface, depending on the method of its production, can be dense or porous. Different grouting materials are used for different surfaces.

For porous concrete surfaces, light mixtures are used, they are also called shallowing ones.
Before applying any compositions, the surface must be subjected to double priming with a 24-hour break. The primer composition is diluted before application to the surface. clean water in a 1:1 ratio.

The consumption of the priming composition should not exceed 0.3 kg for each coating layer.

Painting plastered surfaces

After applying a new plaster composition, the surface must be painted four weeks after completion of the work.

When repairing an old plaster composition, it is necessary to first remove all weak elements and enlarge the cracks by removing crumbling fragments of the old coating. After this, large areas are restored with a special lime-based composition. This material is made from cement, various lime additives and mineral additives, it is not at all dangerous to human health, and also adheres well to the surface.
Prepared cracks and cracks are filled with the prepared mixture using special devices. This is followed by a technological break, necessary for the mixture to set a little, and then it needs to be rubbed in with a spatula. Finished repaired areas must stand for at least 8 days.

After the enclosing structure is leveled, it must be covered with putty. For this purpose, a dry mixture is used, which, in addition to cement, contains special additives.

When applying this material, special spatulas are used. The application thickness should not exceed 4 mm. Ideally, the plaster layer should be visible through the applied putty. If the work is carried out correctly, the consumption of this material should not exceed 1.5 kg per 1 m² of coverage.

The next stage is the final leveling of the surface. For this purpose, grinding machines of various designs are used.

Surfaces plastered with decorative compounds

Decorative plaster is usually called terrazite composition. Repair of such coating is carried out only similar material. This substance also contains lime particles, crumbs of various rocks and special hydraulic additives.

Plastering of buildings that are architectural monuments is carried out only with special powder plasters containing a high content of lime components.

Repairing brick walls and filling holes due to the lack of individual silicate blocks is carried out with a special cement-lime composition specifically designed for this purpose. Before starting work, the brickwork is coated with a primer. After a daily technological break, a secondary coating is performed. Primer compositions are diluted with clean water in a 1:1 ratio.

Repair of the enclosing structure made of red brick is carried out in exactly the same way plaster mortar with double coating with primer and with a daily break in the work being done.

Painted facades

When repairing painted facades, preparatory processes are necessary. All old coatings must be removed from the surface of the enclosing structure. Old paints and varnishes are washed off with clean water. Before covering the façade with paint, it must be fully primed.

Facade painting is the final stage restoration of the building. Before it, all work on the roof and balconies must be completed, the blind areas of buildings must be installed, and window slopes must be completed on a turnkey basis. Also, all fastening elements installed on the facade to fix various engineering communication systems on it must be mounted. Brickwork repaired, all cracks sealed with appropriate solutions. Installed items, located on the facade, which cannot be painted, are carefully packed with plastic film in at least two layers.

Materials for priming surfaces are available in 15 and 20 kg quantities in special containers. Plaster mixtures, as a rule, are sold by the manufacturer in special bags and packaged in 20 and 25 kg. Paints and varnishes with silicate compositions are sold in retail stores in finished form in plastic buckets 10 and 20 kg.

Facade painting

Surfaces prepared for painting must be dried, clean, smooth, and treated with a primer. According to the requirements of regulatory documents, it is prohibited to paint facades under the following weather conditions:

• during rain, if the surface is wet and not dried;
• when the façade is directly exposed to sunlight and in hot weather;
• if the outside air temperature is less than 20°C;
• in strong winds.

The next step is approval color range with the customer. This process It may take several days to select the required colors. After approval, you can begin painting the surface.

For painting, it is advisable to use silicate paints and varnishes. When working with large volumes, you will have to order a large amount of paint. Since this material is packaged in 20 kg containers, paint from different batches may arrive at the facility. In this regard, a situation may occur when the paint material in different batches of the same color has different shades. To prevent this problem, it is best to pour the entire composition delivered to the facility into one large, clean container and mix.

Before you start painting the surface, if necessary, the solution must be brought to the desired consistency. To do this, a special primer of a similar composition is added to it. When mixing, you must follow certain rules specified in the technological map. The amount of primer added should not be more than 10% of the total volume of paint.

Painting, according to SNiP, must be done in at least 2 layers. Secondary surface coating facade paints carried out after the first layer has completely dried. In dry weather, this requires approximately 6-8 hours.

To obtain a high-quality surface, the paint and varnish composition must be applied in an even layer of equal thickness.

At proper preparation surface before painting and following production technology, the consumption of paint material should not exceed 0.3 kg per 1 m² when working with the first layer and 0.15 when re-painting.

For painting, you can use special spraying devices. Painting the facade with a spray gun is carried out in accordance with the following rules:

1. The speed of movement of the device must be uniform, without acceleration or deceleration. It should be approximately 15 m/min.
2. The stripes applied when spraying paint should overlap each other by a quarter of the width.
3. When working with painting mechanisms, window openings, blind areas, and all parts of the facade not intended for painting are packed in at least 2 layers of plastic film.
4. For uninterrupted operation painting equipment requires constant air pressure in the system of at least 5-6 atmospheres.
5. During the painting process, the directions of particle flows must be mutually perpendicular.
6. Depending on the setting of the device nozzle, the spray gun is held from the surface at a distance of approximately 400 mm.

How to choose paint

Choosing paint will seem like a very easy task to the average person. Meanwhile, building envelopes are constructed from a variety of materials that have different properties. Facades are covered with various putties and primers; not all paint and varnish coatings are compatible with these materials.

Additionally, you need to pay attention to the composition of the paints. This factor greatly affects the durability of the coating.

Currently, oil-based paints and varnishes are widely used. But, unfortunately, they have insufficient performance characteristics. There is a more suitable option for painting facades - these are water-based compositions. These paints have very good resistance to processes occurring in environment, and are most suitable for facade work. Another advantage of these compounds is their non-flammability. Among the many varieties of these paints, I especially want to highlight silicone compounds. These substances combine the best properties of acrylic and silicate paints. The main advantage of such coatings is that they do not have an unpleasant odor. These compounds are quick-drying, which is a key factor in our climate.

Another type of water-based composition is alkyd paint. This paint is high performance and dries faster than oil paint.

There are also reactive compositions for painting facades. Their peculiarity is that they consist of two components. These compositions, with all their advantages, also have disadvantages. They can be used only for one limited period of time specified in the accompanying documents for the paint. But the cost of these compounds is quite high.

Quality control

Acceptance of the quality of finishing work is carried out by the customer’s service in accordance with the necessary regulatory documents.

Production quality control of work necessarily includes incoming, operational and acceptance control of the painted facade.

The first is to check the quality of applications received construction site materials, presence of markings on containers, performance properties. All substances must have declarations and relevant certificates of the Customs Union on product quality.

Building materials used in finishing (and in general in any construction) work must necessarily comply with the requirements of GOST and technical specifications. To obtain a quality certificate, they are checked in special laboratories for compliance with the declared operational characteristics and properties.

Operational control is a procedure for monitoring the quality of painting during the work process. It aims to identify defects in a timely manner and immediately eliminate them directly during the construction process.

When preparing the base for coating with compounds, check how well the coating is prepared. It should be free of dust, dirt, rust, cracks, and leaks of working solutions.

The moisture content of the coating and the quality of the putty and primer applied must be checked.

When covering a facade with paint, the thickness of the applied layer, uniformity, absence of stripes, drips, splashes are determined, and it is determined whether the work technology was followed.

Requirements for the safety of work performed

According to regulatory documents for safe work performance, all workers must be equipped by individual means protection. For painting works Such equipment includes: special clothing, shoes, respirators, protective masks. All workers without exception must have eye protection equipment and special gloves. These measures are necessary to prevent the entry hazardous substances into the natural cavities of a person and protect his skin.

When carrying out facade work, other safety requirements must also be observed. This also applies to high-altitude work and the use of electric, pneumatic, hydraulic and other construction equipment. Compliance with safety regulations guarantees the preservation of the life and health of citizens who work at a construction site.

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I. Scope of the card

1. The technological map has been developed for the production of internal painting work on one area of ​​a majorly renovated multi-storey residential building with brick walls with a total area of ​​610 m2.

2. The volumes and types of painting work of improved quality on one grip are given below.

3. When linking the map to specific repair conditions, the scope of work, mechanization means, calculation of labor costs, process schedule and technical and economic indicators are specified.

	Name of works	Unit
	Preparation of surfaces plastered for adhesive and oil painting
	Preparation of wooden surfaces for oil painting:
	plank floors
	metal pipes
	radiators
	Adhesive painting on plaster:
	ceilings
	Oil painting on plaster:
	plank floors
	metal pipes
	radiators

II. Organization and technology of the construction process

1. Before starting painting work, the following work must be completed:

a) all sanitary systems and devices, as well as the lighting network and low-current wiring, have been installed and tested;

b) all work on the installation of floors and roofing has been completed, regardless of the number of floors of the building;

c) the plaster is dried;

d) clean plank floors were laid, baseboards were nailed, trim, handrails and window sill boards were installed;

e) window fillings, transoms and light-colored doors are glazed;

f) to perform painting work in winter conditions A central heating system must be installed and operating.

2. Preparation of painting semi-finished products is organized mechanized way in the central coloring and procurement workshop. In the absence of centralized painting workshops, a mobile painting station is used to prepare painting compositions (Fig. 1) or an on-site painting workshop is set up.

Rice. 1. Mobile painting station 1 - hose; 2 - vibrating sieve; 3, 12 - paint grinders; 4, 11 - emulsifier pump; 5 - electric mixer; 6 - rotary mill; 7 - electric column; 8 - dosing tanks for water and drying oil; 9 - inventory container; 10 - electric mixer; 13 - vibrating sieve; 14 - compressor.

3. Putty is applied to the surface of the walls using a mechanized method (Fig. 2).

Rice. 2. Spray gun designed for applying putty compounds 1 - head; 2 - nozzle; 3 - needle for regulating the supply of putty; 4 - trigger; 5 - fitting for the air supply hose; 6 - fitting for supplying putty

4. Putties, oil primers, oil, varnish and synthetic paint compositions are transported from the painting and procurement workshop to the workplace in cans.

5. Painting work is carried out using a mechanized method (Fig. 3.) and is organized on units assigned section by section from top to bottom (by floor). Each job is assigned to a specific team (team) of painters, who are responsible for the quality of the work performed and the consumption of materials.

Rice. 3. Installation diagram of the compressor painting unit

1 - electric compressor; 2 - air hose; 3 - paint injection tank; 4 - fabric hose; 5 - spray gun; 6 - receiver; 7 - water-oil separator; 8 - electric motor.

Oil painting of panels and walls, door panels is done using rollers with pneumatic supply of the finished paint composition (Fig. 4.). Oil painting of surfaces above 1.8 m from the finished floor level is carried out from inventory scaffolding.

Rice. 4. Rollers with mechanized supply of coloring compounds

a - rod-roller; 1 - fur roller; 2 - sprinkler; 3 - brass tube; b - T-shaped roller (general view with a set of equipment for mechanical supply of the coloring composition)

6. Painting work in the section is performed by a team of painters of four people: 5th category - 1 person, 4th category - 1 person, 3rd category - 2 people:

the preparation of plastered surfaces for adhesive and oil painting is carried out by a team consisting of two people - a painter of 4 and 2 categories; they whitewash the ceilings and walls;

oil painting of walls and doors is carried out by the second link of two people - a painter of 5 and 2 categories.

7. The schedule of work performed, calculation of labor costs and the required material and technical resources were drawn up for painting work with a total area of ​​610 m2.

8. Requirements for the quality of work:

a) painting work when painting with adhesive and oil compositions should be carried out when the moisture content of the plaster or concrete before painting is not higher than 8%, and the moisture content of the wood of the painted parts is not higher than 12%;

b) surfaces painted with adhesive paints should not stain or change Color tone; surfaces must have the same tone and careful shading; Spots, stripes, drips, splashes, brush hairs, and chalking are not allowed;

c) surfaces painted with oil, enamel and varnish compositions must have a uniform texture; The following are not allowed: transmission of underlying layers of paint, stains, wrinkles, drips, omissions, pieces of film, uneven putty and brush marks; local curvature of lines and shading with improved quality of work should not exceed 2 mm,

9. When performing internal painting work, the following must be observed: following rules safety precautions:

a) when removing old oil paint on the surfaces of walls and streams using open flame devices ( blowtorches etc.) continuous ventilation of the premises must be ensured.

Interior painting work using compounds that emit volatile vapors harmful to human health should be carried out with open windows or mechanical ventilation providing at least two air changes per hour. People are not allowed to stay in rooms freshly painted with oil or nitro compounds for more than 4 hours.

Painting work indoors using nitro paints and nitro putty should be carried out with four air changes per hour;

b) when performing painting work using pneumatic devices, as well as quick-drying paints and varnishes containing volatile solvents, workers are supplied with respirators and safety glasses;

c) in rooms where painting with aqueous compositions is carried out, the electrical wiring must be de-energized during painting work;

d) it is prohibited to use lead white separately and as a component of paints, as well as benzene and leaded gasoline as solvents;

e) when cooking or heating drying oil and its substitutes, as well as rosin, it is prohibited to fill the container more than? its volume and add volatile solvents to the container without removing it from the heat;

f) painting workshops and units in which putties, mastics, primers, tinting and other compositions for painting are prepared are equipped with ventilation that provides at least four air changes per hour.

ORDER OF LENIN GLAVMOSSTROY AT THE MOSCOW CITY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

MOSORGSTROY

TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD
FOR WATER-BASED AND OIL-BASED PAINTING
WALLS AND CEILINGS

Moscow - 1983

A standard technological map was developed by the department of design and technology of finishing works of the Mosorgstroy trust (L.K. Nemtsyn, A.N. Strigina) and agreed with the Department of finishing works of Glavmosstroy (V.I. Malin).

The map indicates the technological sequence of work for water-based and oil-based painting; there are sections on safety precautions, workplace organization, and the quality of work performed. A standard set of tools and accessories is provided.

1 AREA OF USE

1.1. The technological map has been developed for water-based and oil-based painting of walls used in the finishing of residential, civil and industrial buildings and structures.

1.2. The works covered by the map include:

preparing surfaces of building structures for painting;

painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with water-based paints;

painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with oil paints.

1.3. Type of painting: simple, improved, high quality, paint colors are established by the project.

2. ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

2.1. Painting work indoors should be carried out after completion of general construction and special work, with the exception of laying parquet, gluing linoleum, and installing floors made of synthetic materials. Window sashes must be glazed. Before starting painting work at a construction site, surface acceptance must be carried out with the participation of work producers and foremen in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III-21-73 “Finishing coatings for building structures”.

2.2. Surface preparation and painting may be carried out at an air temperature of not lower than 10 ° C and ventilation providing a relative air humidity of no more than 70%; the humidity of the surface of structures should be no more than 8%.

A. Preparation of surfaces of building structures for painting

2.3. Requirements for surfaces to be prepared for painting (GOST 22844-72).

Table 1

Type of finish	Permissible deviations						Limit dimensions local defects, mm
	surfaces from the plane	planes from the vertical walls	husks, usenki, window and door slopes, pilasters		slope from the design position in width	rods from a straight line (for the entire length of the rod)
							shells		swells (height) and troughs (depth)
Improved coloring	no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 3 mm inclusive	1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 10 mm over the entire height (length)	1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 5 mm for the entire element
High quality painting	no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 2 mm inclusive	1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 5 mm over the entire height (length)	1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 3 mm for the entire element

2.4. It is allowed to prepare the surfaces of building structures and places of their interfaces (corners, abutments, joints) for painting that do not have deviations from the design position given in Table. 1, as well as through and shrinkage cracks opened to a width of more than 3 mm.

2.5. Surfaces to be prepared for painting must be free of dirt, stains and efflorescence. The surfaces of industrially manufactured products must meet the requirements of the standards for these products. Plastered structures should not have any peeling of the plaster from the surface of the structure, traces of a troweling tool, or drips of mortar. Surfaces lined with sheets of dry gypsum plaster should not have:

violations of fastening of sheets;

peeling of cardboard from gypsum from the end of the sheet by more than 20 mm;

tears of cardboard exposing gypsum to a length of more than 30 mm;

more than two broken corners in the joint of sheets over the entire surface and more than one broken corner in one joint.

Surfaces lined with asbestos-cement sheets to be prepared for painting should not have rips, tears, sagging, or curvatures.

2.6. When preparing surfaces for painting, the following technological operations must be performed:

surface cleaning;

surface smoothing;

bridging cracks;

primer;

partial lubrication;

sanding greased areas;

solid putty;

grinding;

second solid putty;

grinding.

2.7. Clean the surfaces and cracks on it from dust, dirt, splashes and drips of solution using metal scrapers, a flake, artificial pumice fixed in a clip or a hinged grater (Fig. 1, 2). Grease stains are washed with a 2% solution of hydrochloric acid using a brush; efflorescence on the surface is swept away with brushes, the cleaned areas are washed and the surface is dried to a moisture content of no more than 8%. The cracks are opened with a plaster knife or a metal spatula to a depth of 2 mm.

Surface priming

2.8. For painting with water-based compositions, the first priming of the surface is carried out with a soap maker prepared in accordance with TU 400-2-143-77 (notice No. 1 on the extension until 1982) from bone glue, drying oil, laundry soap and water.

Soap primer at a construction site is prepared from a concentrated base (jelly) produced by the Stroydetal plant of the Mosotdelprom trust in the form of briquettes weighing 1 kg. The jelly is used for 10 days in summer and 20 days in winter. To prepare the primer, the weight part of the jelly is poured with two parts of hot water ( t= 80 °C). Then the composition is stirred until the jelly is completely dissolved, 3 parts of cold water are added and mixed thoroughly again. Before use, filter the primer through a sieve with 625 holes/cm2. The primer must be uniform, without traces of delamination, undissolved pieces of soap, and also without grains of sand and other debris. The primer composition is applied mechanically using an electric spray gun or spray gun. To obtain a uniform layer of primer, the fishing rod is moved along the surface at a distance of 0.75 m from the seam, simultaneously making smooth circular movements in a spiral. The second and third priming is carried out with a painting composition diluted with water to a viscosity of 40 - 43 seconds according to VZ-4, applied using a roller.

2.9. Before painting with oil compositions, surfaces are oiled with the following composition:

drying oil, kg - 1

pigment for tint, kg - 0.05 - 0.1

solvent (turpentine, gasoline, etc.), kg - 0.05 - 0.1

With thorough mixing, pigment is introduced into the drying oil and the mixture is passed through a sieve with a mesh of 918 holes/cm 2. Before use, add solvent to the composition until it reaches a working consistency.

The second and, if necessary, third priming is done with a color that matches the color of the final painting, diluted with drying oil or emulsion to a more liquid consistency.

The primer is applied to the surface in a thin, even, continuous layer, without gaps, carefully shaded. The primed surface should have an even color without isolated glossy or matte areas.

2.10. Embroidered cracks, cavities and other irregularities are filled with putty using a steel or wooden spatula. After the greased areas have dried, they are polished using pumice inserted into the holder or sanding paper attached to the holder.

2.11. The putty used for filling cracks, cavities and leveling surfaces must be a homogeneous, non-separating mass, have the property of strong adhesion to the surface, and can be easily leveled on the surface being treated. The putty is prepared centrally at the Stroydetal plant and delivered to the construction site packed in plastic bags weighing 15 kg. At the work site, the putty is passed through for grinding in a paint grinder SO-116 (if necessary).

The first continuous putty should be carried out with a composition that differs in color from the first primer layer and the partial putty layer.

The putty is applied in a uniform, continuous layer 2 - 3 mm thick “on a tear” with a metal or plastic spatula, followed by smoothing and removing excess putty until gaps in the lower layer appear from underneath it. The putty should only fill the depressions. The second and subsequent solid putties are made with a composition different in color from the first, etc. (Fig. 3, 4).

2.12. Solid putty is polished using mechanical grinders IE-2201A using sandpaper mounted on a wooden grater and pumice until a smooth surface is obtained, followed by dust removal with a vacuum cleaner.

2.13. Surfaces prepared for painting should not be bleached, and also should not have deviations exceeding those given in the table. 2, cracks in places of putty, visible stripes and stains (GOST 22844-72).

table 2

Requirements for surfaces prepared for painting

Type of finish	Permissible deviations
	surfaces from the plane	from the vertical or horizontal of window and door slopes, pilasters, husks, usenki	curved surfaces from the design position	rods from a straight line (for the entire length of the rod)
Improved coloring	no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 2 mm	1 mm per 1 m of height or length, but not more than 4 mm for the entire element
High quality painting	no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 1.5 mm	1 mm per 1 m of height or length, but not more than 2 mm for the entire element

Surfaces prepared for painting must be checked anywhere, but in at least three places for unevenness and local defects.

Painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with water-based paints

2.14. Emulsion paints are produced by industry different colors, ready to eat. Before use, mix the paint thoroughly and bring it to a working consistency by adding water. Water-based paints cannot be applied to surfaces previously treated with vitriol.

2.15. For the first painting, the viscosity of the water-based paint is adjusted to 50 - 70 sec, according to VZ-4, and for the second - 70 - 80 sec. The surface is painted with rollers on elongated handles directly from the floor or with brushes. Before this, with a hand-brush, they make a layer of the ceilings and baseboards and paint the inner corners.

Painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with oil paints

2.16. Oil paints are a suspension of the corresponding pigment (iron lead, mummy, ocher, etc.) rubbed into drying oil.

Before use, they are brought to a paintable consistency by diluting with natural drying oil in an amount of 30 - 40% of the weight of the thickly grated paint. After diluting with drying oil, the paint is, if necessary, diluted with white spirit in an amount of no more than 5% of the weight of the diluted paint.

If the primer is applied manually, it is prepared according to the recipe specified in paragraph 2.9. Drying oil is added to thickly rubbed paint of the same color as the paint composition for subsequent painting.

When applying the primer by air spraying, a VM emulsion (water: oil) is used, prepared centrally at the Stroydetal plant of Mosotdelprom. The emulsion is delivered to the construction site ready for use in cans.

Apply the emulsion using an electric spray gun or spray gun, see paragraph 2.8.

2.17. Painting with water-based and oil-based paints is done with rollers or brushes. When painting with a brush, it is immersed in a container with paint to 1/4 of the length of the bristles. First, the paint is applied in bold, slightly receding stripes from one another and shaded in the transverse, and then, finally, in the longitudinal direction.

When painting with a roller, the roller is lowered into the bath and rolled once or twice along an inclined grid, squeezing out excess paint. Then roll the roller over the surface. Painting is done in two or three passes with a roller: the first pass is carried out with vertical movements of the roller; the second - in the horizontal direction, shading the applied layer. With each subsequent pass of the roller, the previous one should be overlapped by 3 - 4 cm (Fig. 5).

2.18. Fluting is performed with the end of a dry brush without pressing on the flute using reciprocal movements of the flute until brush marks and streaks are completely removed from the surface (Fig. 6).

2.19. Trimming (if necessary) is performed with a dry trimming brush, applying light blows to the freshly painted surface (Fig. 7).

2.20. Painting must be carried out in compliance with SNiP III-4-80 “Safety in Construction” and “Fire Safety Rules for Construction and Installation Work”.

Particular attention should be paid to the following: painting work at height should be carried out from inventory scaffolding, stepladders, universal trestle tables, mobile towers and other inventory devices. When carrying out work on flights of stairs, it is necessary to use special scaffolding (tables) with different lengths of support posts installed on the steps.

The working floor must be horizontal and have guards.

Storage of painting materials is permitted only in places specially designated by the PPR.

When preparing painting compositions using a paint grinder, the following precautions must be taken:

do not allow the electric motor to overheat while the paint grinder is operating;

do not leave the working paint grinder unattended;

Do not allow unauthorized persons who have not undergone special training to operate the paint grinder.

Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone special training and received a certificate for the right to work with these tools are allowed to work with electrified tools.

When cleaning the surface and sanding, you must use safety glasses. When washing surfaces with a solution of hydrochloric acid Workers must wear safety glasses, rubber boots and gloves. Dilute the acid by slowly pouring it into water. Paints, drying oils, and solvents should be prepared and stored in separate buildings equipped with ventilation. Containers for adhesives and paints must be stored in a specially designated place outside the premises on a designated area, at least 30 m away from the place of work.

2.21. The painting work front is divided into sections. The size of the units is determined taking into account the output achieved by the unit; each area must consist of a whole number of apartments in residential buildings, a whole number of premises in administrative, school and cultural buildings. In industrial buildings, the enclosure must consist of a whole number of spans.

2.22. Painting work with oil and water-based compositions is carried out by specialized units of two people each: painters of the 4th and 2nd categories. First, both members of the team prepare the surfaces for painting, that is, they smooth or clean the surfaces and fill out cracks. Then the 4th category painter primes the surfaces with an electric spray gun or roller. After drying the primed surface, the 2nd category painter performs partial lubrication of individual places, then both members of the team carry out continuous putty surface, then sanding it. The second priming, puttying and subsequent painting of surfaces is carried out by both members of the team.

3. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Table 3

Labor Costing

Rationale	Type of work	Labor costs, man-hour.
		oil painting	water-based
EniR § 8-24 TB. 4 p. 4	Surface smoothing
	Joining cracks
	Primer (primer)
	Partial lubrication
§ 8-24 TB. 8 p. 3	Sanding greased areas
§ 8-24 TB. 7 p. 4	First solid putty
	Sanding putty
	Second putty
	Sanding putty
	Primer
	First painting with a roller
	Second painting with a roller
	Flatting (when painting with a brush)
	Output per 1 worker per shift

4. MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES

4.1. Demand for basic materials and semi-finished products

Table 4

Name of materials		Per 100 m 2 surface
		water-based painting	oil painting
Color ready for priming for oil painting
Soap primer (for water-based painting)
Paints for tinting (coating surfaces)
Glue-oil putty (partial lining)
Glue-oil putty (full putty)
Oil color
Water-based paint

4.2. The need for machines, equipment, tools and accessories per link

Table 5

Annex 1

Work schedule for a team of two people when painting walls with oil

Volume 100 m2

Appendix 2

Workplace organization diagram

A. Oil painting with a roller

B. Puttying surfaces

B. Sanding putty surfaces

Legend:

1 - painters; 2 - scaffolding table; 3 - container with paint; 4 - grinding wheel; 5 - sanding hard-to-reach places by hand.