In front of you step-by-step instruction on the first start-up of a diesel generator using the example of the SKAT generator.
1. Unpack the generator and make sure there is no damage.
2. Remove tools and other accessories.
3. Check the package.
4. Install the battery: connect the power wires to the terminals, remembering to observe the polarity.
5. On the instrument panel, find the emergency oil level drop indicator - we will need it now. Keep in mind: as long as there is no pressure in the oil system, the unit will not start.
6. Fill the oil sump - unscrew the dipstick plug, measure out the required amount of oil - it can be found on a sticker on the generator itself, or in the instructions. Fill with oil and tighten the dipstick plug.
Important! It is necessary to check the oil level on the dipstick before each use of the generator.
7. The lubricant must be distributed throughout the entire system before starting - to do this, squeeze out the decompressor and turn the crankshaft with the electric starter until the emergency oil pressure lamp on the indicator goes out. To avoid burning out the electric starter, its operating time should not exceed 5 seconds (several attempts of 5 seconds each). What is a decompressor? The compression of a diesel engine is higher than that of a gasoline engine, which makes it difficult for both manual and electric starters to rotate the shaft. The decompressor makes it easier to start the engine; it opens the exhaust valve slightly, breaking the tightness of the combustion chamber.
Attention! You cannot use a decompressor to stop the engine!
8. Fill the fuel tank. The diesel fuel system is a complex, precise mechanism that is sensitive to fuel quality. Use fuel from reliable suppliers.
Attention! Don't forget to change fuel according to the season. Summer diesel fuel: pour point: -5 °C. Winter diesel fuel: pour point: -35 °C. Arctic diesel fuel: pour point: -50 °C.
9. Open the fuel valve.
10 . Remove air from the fuel system in the following order:
- fill the fuel tank full;
- open the fuel tap;
- unscrew the nut 1-1.5 turns fuel pump;
- move the engine decompressor to the open position and hold it;
- Tighten the fuel pump nut securely;
- Unscrew the fuel injector nut 1-1.5 turns;
- Use the starter to turn the engine crankshaft until fuel leaks from under the nut without air bubbles;
- Tighten the fuel injector nut securely;
The generator is ready to go!
Starting with a manual starter
- Repeat all steps to start the power plant using an electric starter.
- At points where it is recommended to rotate the engine with an electric starter, do it manually.
- Now the launch itself, It's not strength that's important, but correct technique.:
- Pull the starter handle until there is noticeable resistance - this corresponds to the top “dead” point of the engine, return the starter handle to its original position.
- Press the decompressor and release it (it should remain in this pressed position, and when the cable is pulled, it will turn off).
- Now, with a strong, long movement, we pull out the starter handle (we spin the engine) - when moving, it is not sharpness that is important, but the amplitude and strength of the jerk.
- If, when starting, you pull your hand towards your chest (a short movement is not enough to start), then the flywheel will begin to spin in the opposite direction and painfully jerk your hand.
It is not always possible to completely remove air from the system, so the engine may operate unstably for several seconds or minutes. When the load is connected, the system will get rid of excess air faster.
Connecting electrical appliances to the generator
- Set the circuit breaker to the OFF position.
- Connect the consumer plugs to the generator sockets.
- Turn on the circuit breaker.
- Turn on the consumer.
Turn off in reverse order: device - breaker - socket.
Stopping the generator
Allow the generator to cool for 2-3 minutes. Idling, the ignition key is turned to the OFF position, the fuel will shut off and the engine will stop.
Each autonomous diesel generator is equipped with a battery that ensures its activation. A diesel power plant in Ukraine can be started either manually directly from the control panel or by a remote signal from the automatic transfer switchboard.
In most cases, in order for the battery output to have the required voltage level, it is necessary to set it to diesel generator Kipor, Matari, Dalgakiran, SDMO, Aksa, Geko or Cummins automatic Charger. This device recharges the battery from an external network, which allows it to turn on the electric generator in the Dnieper, Kharkov, Odessa or Lviv at right time. However, it is not uncommon for the charger to break down, and the voltage on the battery drops greatly, which is why a 10 kW, 30 kW or 50 kW diesel generator cannot start and provide backup power to a country house or cottage. To prevent this situation, it is advisable to install a backup battery or provide the possibility of turning on the engine from an external source. In the second case, it is important to pay Special attention to the fact that when you try to turn on three phase generator diesel from an external source, the wires must not be allowed to be connected incorrectly, as this will most likely lead to an explosion and injury to the operator.
Sparks are a big danger. Their appearance can lead to an explosion of vapors that are released when the battery is charged. It is not uncommon for sparks to appear when the ends of the wires that connect the battery to an external source come into contact with each other. A similar situation occurs when the cables touch the motor. After a 6 kW, 40 kW or 200 kW diesel power plant is started from an external source, its charging alternator may not recharge the battery, since the voltage on it has dropped very much. In this case, in order to increase the voltage on the battery to the required value, it is necessary to use an additional charger. Be sure to check that the voltage on the external source is not higher than the voltage of the unit’s electrical system. Otherwise, the diesel generator in Ukraine may be damaged. Connecting wires to the engine to turn it on from an external source must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the operating instructions for the equipment. First of all, you need to make sure that it is a day off circuit breaker is in the “Off” position. In addition, you should ensure that the switch that starts the Europower, FG Wilson, Gesan, Caterpillar or Pramac electric generator is in the off position.
After performing the above checks, you need to connect the positive wire from an external source to the positive terminal of the discharged battery. The cable from the negative terminal of the external start or charge source is connected to ground or directly to the diesel generator, or rather its engine. This procedure for connecting the negative wire eliminates the possibility of sparks and, accordingly, ignition of flammable gases emitted by the battery. The next step need to charge the battery. Until this happens, you should not try to turn on a home diesel generator, as in this case the engine will not be able to work for a long time. After the battery voltage reaches the required value, turn on the engine. If the engine starts, immediately disconnect the wires from the external source in reverse order. When performing all these actions, you must strictly follow the safety rules and requirements executive documentation, from which diesel power plants are supplied in Ukraine. In the absence of proper experience, it is not recommended to perform these actions on your own, as this can lead to serious equipment damage and injury to the user. Not infrequently, gross mistakes became the cause of expensive repairs. Therefore, you should not save money and invite a certified engineer from a company that supplied a diesel generator in Kyiv, Dnieper, Lvov or Kharkov.
Modern gasoline, diesel and - these are reliable equipment with many degrees of protection. Special devices ensure the safety of the powered equipment and prevent breakdown of the generators themselves for any reason. Despite the protection of generators from all sorts of negative factors, including those provoked by human actions, the importance of proper starting does not lose its relevance.
Starting up the equipment, as well as its operation according to the rules prescribed by the manufacturer, reduces the likelihood of malfunctions and guarantees the longest possible service life.
First actions
Once you have removed the generator from its packaging, carefully inspect it to ensure that the equipment did not suffer any damage during shipping. Make sure that all elements are present and in place, and that all hoses are securely connected to the appropriate connections.
If you decide that it is not used, then it will certainly be completed detailed instructions manual. It is highly recommended to study it. Even if you have experience working with liquid fuel or gas generators, do not neglect the instructions. This equipment is quite complex, and almost every model has some of its own features that must be taken into account during operation.
The first thing you should do in preparation for starting is to pour engine oil into the required quantity. The generator does not require a lot of oil, so there is no need to save on buying a good synthetic option, because the service life of the device directly depends on the quality of the oil used. When choosing engine oil, it is advisable to take into account temperature regime, characteristic of environment the area in which your generator will be operated.
The second is choosing the right fuel. If you bought a gasoline generator, then to refuel it you should purchase unleaded gasoline, and High Quality. Since the generator tank is refilled not at a gas station, but using intermediate containers, it is very important to monitor the cleanliness of the containers into which you will pour gasoline. The presence of dirt, dust or water in them is unacceptable. Water that gets into the tank of a gasoline generator, even in small quantities, can cause damage to the device.
Use only pure gasoline without any impurities. There is no need to purchase fuel with the highest octane number - the gas generator runs on 92 gasoline, 87 and 95 are not suitable. You can find it on sale today a large number of additives that increase the octane number. Such substances cannot be used, as they contain alcohol. Perfect option- purchase 92 gasoline at a proven gas station and pour it into clean containers.
Before starting, make sure the generator is on a level surface. There should be no water or any other liquid underneath. If the device is not equipped with a system for removing fuel combustion products (exhaust), then such a gas generator should be started outdoors. Do not forget about grounding: its presence is prerequisite for safe operation.
Starting a gasoline and diesel generator
An external inspection should be carried out before each start-up of the equipment. If there are any malfunctions or damage that may affect operation, the generator must not be started until they are repaired.
When starting the generator, the following actions must be taken:
1. Check the oil level using a special dipstick. If it is not enough, add more. It is recommended to always have a certain supply of oil.
2. Check the fuel level in the tank.
3. The generator should be started without load. That is, if there are any devices connected to the device that it powers, disconnect them.
4. Turn on the ignition.
5. The choke must be in the CLOSED position before starting.
In the future, the process will depend on what kind of starting system the generator is equipped with.
This can be an automatic system, electric starter or mechanical start (manual).
1. Mechanical system.
In order to start a gasoline or s mechanical system start, pull the starter cord handle towards you until resistance appears. Next, pull the handle in one sharp movement. Do not release it immediately: return the cord to reverse position should be carried out gradually. If suddenly the engine does not start the first time, repeat the operation. After the internal combustion engine has warmed up sufficiently, you can open the air damper.
It starts a little differently. Before starting, turn on the power, then set the knob to the “On” position. and open the air damper. After you have completed these operations, you can pull the starter cord.
2. Electric starter.
Before starting a gas generator or diesel generator equipped with an electric starter, you should make sure that the battery terminals are well secured and the polarity is correct. If you decide to buy a generator with electrical system start, check whether it comes with a battery. Not all manufacturers produce generators equipped with a battery. In some cases it will have to be purchased separately. A generator with an electric starter is started using a special button on the control panel or by turning the key, like in a car.
3. Automatic starting system.
Electric generator with automatic system The trigger is turned on immediately after the main power supply stops supplying electricity. A generator that has just been switched on should not be loaded immediately. You need to let it idle for a while so that the engine warms up enough and its operation stabilizes.
Starting the gas generator
In the case of gas generators, it is also important to check the oil level before starting and completely disconnect the load.
After this, you need to do the following:
1. Open the gas supply valve.
2. Set the engine switch to the “ON” position.
3. The choke must be in the CLOSED position before starting.
4. Otherwise, the startup steps are similar to working with any other generators.
Running in the engine
If you are starting the generator for the first time, you should run in the engine. This operation facilitates the correct commissioning of the equipment and extends its service life. Run-in begins with two hours of operation of the electric generator at 50% load. On initial stage The oil level should be checked regularly (every 4 hours of operation). During break-in, the oil should be changed after the first 20 hours of operation.
Stopping the generator
1. Disconnect the load completely.
2. Let the engine idle for a few minutes.
3. Turn off the ignition.
4. Turn off the fuel supply valve.
Regular use: tips
1. Prolonged downtime is harmful to equipment, as it reduces its service life. Any electric generator must run for at least two hours every month.
2. Frequent starts and stops are harmful.
3. Air cooled generators need airflow fresh air. This is especially important when operating at high temperatures.
Tell:
It may seem that there should be no difficulties with launching. You just need to pull the cord and everything will start working. However, there are certain nuances that must be taken into account in order to know how to launch.Launch step by step
By following certain recommendations, you can start the generator without any problems.You need to do the following:
- The unit must be unpacked and carefully inspected. There should be no external damage, and there should be no foreign parts inside;
- On dashboard There is an indicator showing oil pressure. While there is no pressure, the installation will not be able to start. Bleeding the fuel system should only begin after checking that the indicator is not lit;
- Be sure to ground the generator. This will help avoid electric shock during operation;
- The device kit must include rechargeable batteries. Power wiring must be connected to the battery terminals. When doing this, remember to maintain polarity;
- Fill in the required amount of oil. First, read the instructions, it indicates the brand suitable for a particular generator. Then the oil filler plug is unscrewed, the required amount is measured and the crankcase is filled through the neck. It is important each time before using the generator to use a special dipstick and check what level the oil is at;
- Lubricant is distributed to the system before you start. First, the decompressor is squeezed out. At the same time, you need to start cranking the crankshaft until the lamp responsible for the emergency pressure level goes out completely. Do these actions for no longer than 5 seconds;
- Proceed to filling the fuel tank. It is recommended to use only fuel from high-quality manufacturers. Seasonal fuel changes are also required;
- The fuel valve should be opened;
- The final stage requires removing all air from the fuel system. First, the tank is completely filled, then the tap is opened. Find the pump nut that needs to be turned 1 turn. Place the decompressor so that it is in open position. Don't let go, hold it. Using the starter, crank the crankshaft until fuel begins to flow. This should appear under the nut. There should be no air bubbles;
- Next, the pump nut should be tightened tightly. Locate the injector nut. It needs to be unscrewed 1 turn. Rotate the crankshaft again. Finally, shade the nut tightly.
The steps listed above help you understand how to start a diesel generator. Sometimes all the air does not leave the system. Therefore, the first couple of minutes may cause instability in the operation of the device.
Nowadays, diesel and gasoline are a new generation of equipment with powerful additional protection. Although similar modern devices provide, among other things, protection from incorrect human actions; errors made during the operation of the equipment can damage it. Therefore, it is not enough to simply, you need to know how to launch it correctly.
How to start a diesel/gasoline generator?
1. Initial examination.
Once your diesel or gas generator is delivered, inspect the unit to ensure it is in good working order. All parts must be in place, and each hose must be connected to its own connection.
If you choose to buy a new generator, instructions will be included with it. Study it carefully: even experienced specialist The features of a particular model may be unfamiliar.
2. Filling with engine oil.
Regardless of whether you purchased a gasoline or diesel generator, the first necessary step before starting is to fill the engine oil. Take care in advance the right quantity and the quality of the oil (the generator does not consume much, so it is not worth saving). When choosing oil, consider the climatic conditions of use of your unit.
3. Selection of fuel.
If you decide to buy a gas generator, then the first thing you will need is high-quality unleaded gasoline. You will have to monitor not only the quality of gasoline, but also the cleanliness of the container in which it will be transported. Do not allow dust, dirt or water in the containers where fuel is poured: this is dangerous for your unit. Even a small amount of water poured into the tank can damage the gas generator.
Another tip from experts: use pure, unalloyed gasoline. If you prefer to buy a gasoline-type generator, you should not chase fuel with the maximum octane index. It will probably be gasoline with additives (they increase the octane number). Most likely, such fuel will contain alcohol. It is best to buy 92 gasoline at a gas station you trust and pour it into a clean container. 87 and 95 gasoline should not be used: these brands are not suitable for a gas generator.
4. Preparing for launch.
When planning to start a gas or diesel generator, check how clean and Smooth surface under him. Under no circumstances should there be water on it.
A gasoline generator without an exhaust pipe must be started in an open space. Be sure to check whether the device is properly grounded - this will be the key to its safe operation.
Make it a rule to carry out such an external inspection every time before starting the generator.
5. Launch.
To start a gas generator (diesel generator), you need to perform the following steps:
Use a dipstick to check the oil level;
- check the level of filled fuel;
- turn off all devices that are powered by a gasoline or diesel generator: the unit must start without additional load;
- set the air damper to the Closed position;
- turn on the ignition.
1) Petrol generator (diesel generator) with manual start.
If you decide to buy a generator with a manual (mechanical) starting system, proceed as follows:
Pull the starter cord handle smoothly towards you;
- as soon as resistance arises, pull sharper, at this moment the gasoline/diesel generator should start;
- slowly, not immediately, release the handle;
- if the unit does not start, repeat everything from the beginning;
- as soon as the engine internal combustion warmed up, open the air damper.
If you have an inverter generator in front of you, the starting rules will be different. To put an inverter generator into operation, you need to proceed as follows:
Turn on the power of the device;
- move the handle to the on position;
- the air damper with which the inverter generator is equipped should be opened;
- pull the starter cord.
2) Diesel generator/gasoline generator with electric starter.
If you prefer to buy a generator with electric start, put it into operation as follows:
Make sure the battery is present;
- check the fixation of the terminals and compliance with their polarity;
- start the diesel generator (gasoline generator) by pressing the button on the control panel or turning the special key.
3) Gasoline or diesel generator with an “Automatic” starting system.
If you prefer to buy a generator with an automatic starting system, then it should be put into operation like this:
Cut off the power supply; as soon as the current is lost, the generator will turn on on its own;
- let the unit run idle so that it has time to warm up.
Gas generator
How to start a gas generator like a pro? Follow these rules:
- check the oil level;
- disconnect any additional load on the gas generator;
- open the tap through which gas is supplied;
- turn the switch to the “On” position;
- move the air damper equipped with the gas generator to the “Closed” position.
After this, the gas generator is put into operation by analogy with other modern generators.
How to break in a gasoline generator/diesel generator engine?
When you are planning to buy a generator and start it for the first time, get ready for mandatory engine break-in.
1. Put the gas generator (diesel generator) into operation for 2 hours at 50% load.
2. During further operation, especially at first, constantly check the presence of oil. This is done every 4 hours.
3. Once the generator has completed its first 20 hours, change the oil.
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How to stop the generator?
The general rules for stopping the unit are as follows:
- disconnect the load on the generator;
- let the engine idle for 2-3 minutes;
- turn off the ignition;
- close the valve through which fuel is supplied.
How to extend the life of the generator?
Regardless of whether you use an inverter generator or a traditional one, do not allow the equipment to be idle for long periods of time. Each generator must be put into operation for at least 2 hours every month.
Among the actions harmful to your unit is its frequent switching on and off. And if you prefer to buy a generator with a system air cooling, provide the device with a constant flow of fresh air (especially if work is carried out at high temperatures).
