Formwork calculations must be made before starting concrete works by filling. It is very important that when constructing a monolith, formwork of sufficient strength and proper quality is used. How to calculate the formwork yourself - this article will answer the question posed.
Formwork: types of structures and requirements for them
Formwork is a structure that is used in the construction of monolithic structures of buildings and structures.
Most often used in private construction removable formwork Modern formwork is usually divided into two types:
- Removable - this type is a collapsible panel made of wood, metal, plywood or OSB sheets, which are installed when the structure is concreted. After hardening concrete mortar, the prefabricated structure is dismantled from the surface.
- Permanent formwork - monolithic structures of walls or foundations are not freed from panels after the concrete has completely hardened. Shields become part of the structure, performing additional functions for insulating structures, protecting against moisture, increasing stability, etc.
Additional properties of a fixed structure directly depend on the material from which the shields are made. This type has many advantages, which are expressed in a significant reduction in labor intensity when performing formwork work.
Formwork is used for the installation of monolithic structures of the foundation belt, plinth, walls, ceilings and small building elements. Monolithic house construction, which is gaining significant dimensions, is impossible without the use of formwork structures.
What formwork is used most often?
It is most convenient to use stationary formwork when constructing small objects
Perestavnaya – production of shields is provided from metal sheets. Durable sections are used many times, allowing you to build any elements building structures with significant surface areas.
Fastening of metal panels to each other is provided using special hardware (studs with nuts).
Stationary made of wood (panel) - the most common type. Manufacturing takes place directly on the construction site, often the panels are used several times.
Using wooden panels, you can build formwork on any non-standard objects complex configurations. This type is used in private construction.
Hanging – used when pouring horizontal spatial structures (floor slabs, coverings, landings), it consists of panels that are suspended on strong beams, providing a stop for the concrete to slide down.
sliding – used in the construction of multi-story high-rise buildings. The structure is equipped with electric drives that act on the mechanism for lifting metal formwork panels. To fill large volumes over a long distance, mobile volumetric formwork is used, the principle of operation of which is in many ways similar to the previous type.
How to calculate the need for formwork when pouring foundations
For formwork it is necessary to use high-quality raw materials During construction monolithic foundations it is very important to correctly calculate the need for the necessary building materials, including - performing competent calculations of formwork.
- Measure the length of the building's perimeter.
- taking into account allowances.
- Accept the thickness of the boards from the design values (or set conditionally, in accordance with construction requirements during work). Usually wooden boards are made from edged boards thickness from 25 to 30 cm.
Example:
- It is planned to build a foundation for a garden house 15 m long and 9 m wide.
- The height of the foundation monolithic tape is 50 cm (approximately 20 cm is added to the height for allowances).
- Lumber – boards 25 cm thick.
The length of the building perimeter should be multiplied by 2 (the structure is installed on both sides of the foundation). The result obtained is multiplied by the height of the foundation with allowances in meters, then by the thickness of the board (the size is indicated in meters).
Calculation: 48 (15 + 15 + 9 + 9) x 2 x 0.7 x 0.025 = 1.68 m3.
To make shields, you will need 1.68 m3 of boards. It is best to purchase timber with a reserve, so the need for boards should be planned in the amount of 2 m3.
We should not forget about the need for wooden blocks, which are necessary for installing struts and supports when strengthening formwork panels.
How to calculate the need for formwork for monolithic floors
Monolithic flooring requires precise calculations When calculating formwork for pouring floor slabs, it is necessary to know the height of the room and the designed thickness of the slab.
It is customary to perform two types of calculation of the need for lumber for pouring monolithic floors, which are used depending on the ceiling height in the building under construction.
If the ceiling height does not exceed 4.5 meters, the calculation is performed as follows:
Example:
- Floors are poured in a room 5 meters long and 4 meters wide.
- Floor thickness up to 0.4 m.
The area of the room is (5 x 4) – 20 m2. The need for telescopic racks to support the structure when pouring floors is calculated based on the area of the room. Consumption of telescopic supports – 1 pc. per 1 m2. The need for telescopic supports in our case: 20 m2: 1 + 20 pcs.
According to the technology, it is necessary to install one tripod on each rack; this operation is performed for safety reasons to prevent collapse. Tripod requirement: 20 pcs.
Wooden beams are fastened using special uniforks, which are purchased according to the number of racks. Requirement for uniforks: 20 pcs.
Calculation of the need for wooden beams is carried out based on the established consumption of materials - 3.5 pm of beams per 1 m2 of poured floor. Requirement for beams: 70 pm.
The consumption of plywood sheets is calculated based on the area of the room and the plywood sheet (take, for example, laminated plywood with sheet dimensions of 1525 x 1525), taking into account cutting losses (K-1.1). Requirement for plywood: (20: 2, 3256) x 1.1 = 9.45 l.
In total, you will need 10 sheets of laminated plywood with a thickness of at least 18 mm.
Monolithic walls: how to calculate lumber consumption
Device monolithic walls ground floor, as well as walls in the premises of the first and subsequent floors of the building, will require careful calculation of material consumption. Calculation of the need for boards for pouring monolithic walls is carried out based on the thickness of the boards used for the manufacture of boards.
The area of the room walls being poured is taken into account, and the allowances necessary for normal execution are also taken into account. technological process for pouring monolithic structures.
Watch the video to see what the consequences may be due to incorrect calculation.
Example:
A monolith of walls measuring 4x3 meters is poured. The perimeter of the wall is 14 pm. The project provides for use for formwork edged lumber 30 cm thick.
The formwork allowance is 0.2 m.
Calculation: (14 x 2) x (3 + 0.2) x 0.03 = 2.688 m3.
The need for lumber for making panels when pouring monolithic walls is 3 m3.
FORMWORK REVERSIBILITY number of cycles of repeated use of formwork without loss of its performance qualities
(Bulgarian language; Български) - appealability for cofrage
(Czech language; Čeština) - opakované použití bednění
(German; Deutsch) - Wiederverwendbarkeit der Schalung
(Hungarian; Magyar) - zsalufordulo
(Mongolian) - hashmalyn ergelt
(Polish language; Polska) - rotacja deskowania
(Romanian language; Român) - reutilizare a cofrajelor
(Serbo-Croatian language; Srpski jezik; Hrvatski jezik) -obrt opiate
(Spanish; Español) - Indice de reutilización del encofrado
(English language; English) - formwork reusing
(French; Français)
- réutilisation du coffrage
Construction dictionary.
See what "FORMWORK RURVERABILITY" is in other dictionaries:
formwork turnover- The number of cycles of repeated, repeated use of formwork without loss of its performance [Terminological dictionary of construction in 12 languages (VNIIIS Gosstroy USSR)] Topics of construction. machines, equipment, other tools EN... ...
Formwork turnover- – the number of cycles of repeated, repeated use of formwork without loss of its performance qualities. [Terminological dictionary of construction in 12 languages (VNIIIS Gosstroy USSR)] Term heading: Formwork Encyclopedia headings: ... ...
turnover- The amount of formwork use (concreting cycle), determined based on experience using statistical data or a calculation method. Turnover before wear, before repair, turnover within a month, a year, etc. [GOST R 52086... ... Technical Translator's Guide
Turnover- – the amount of use of formwork (concreting cyclops), determined on the basis of experience using statistical data or a calculation method. Turnover before wear, before repair, turnover within a month, year, etc. [GOST... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials
turnover- 172 turnover The amount of formwork used (concreting cyclops), determined on the basis of experience using statistical data or a calculation method. Turnover before wear, before repair, turnover within a month, a year and... ...
Formwork- – design, which is a form for laying and curing concrete mixture. It consists of form-building, load-bearing, supporting, connecting, technological and other elements and provides the design characteristics of monolithic... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials
GOST R 52086-2003: Formwork. Terms and Definitions- Terminology GOST R 52086 2003: Formwork. Terms and definitions original document: 164 adhesion to concrete Adhesion, adhesion of the deck to concrete and concrete mixture Definitions of the term from various documents: adhesion to concrete 70 aluminum formwork... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation
Components of formwork and formwork systems.
The basis of the effectiveness of any formwork system lies the possibility of its rapid modification in accordance with the requirements of the construction site. The lightness of the panels and the ease of assembly of the formwork make it possible to significantly increase the rate of production of the entire complex of concrete works and reduce the construction period. The manufactured formwork must guarantee optimal sizes panels, their high strength and rigidity, the quality of the concrete surface in contact with the formwork.
The individual elements of the formwork system are as follows: formwork - a form for the manufacture of a monolithic concrete structure; shield – formative element
formwork, consisting of a frame and a deck; shield frame (frame) – Basic structure formwork panel made of metal or wooden profile, manufactured in a jig that guarantees the accuracy of the external dimensions of the manufactured structure; shield deck - the surface in direct contact with concrete; formwork panel – large element formwork with a flat or curved surface, assembled from several panels connected to each other using special units and fasteners and designed to create the required surface in given dimensions; formwork block - a spatial, closed or open formwork element made of several panels, intended for formwork of corner sections of a concrete structure, manufactured entirely and consisting of flat and corner panels or panels; formwork system - a concept that includes formwork
and elements that ensure its rigidity and stability - fastening elements, scaffolding, supporting scaffolding; fastening elements - locks used to connect and securely fasten adjacent formwork panels to each other; ties that connect opposing panels in the formwork and other devices that combine the formwork elements into a single, unchangeable structure;
supporting elements - struts, racks, frames, struts, supports, scaffolding, floor beams and other supporting devices used when installing and securing the formwork of walls and ceilings, fixing the formwork in the design position and bearing loads during concreting.
Auxiliary elements of formwork systems:
hanging scaffolds - special scaffolds hung on the walls from the facades using brackets fixed in the holes left when concreting the walls;
roll-out scaffolding – designed for rolling out tunnel formwork or floor formwork along it when dismantling it; opening formers – special formwork designed for forming window, door and other openings in monolithic structures;
Turnover is the repeated use of formwork, which is usually achieved by making it inventory, standardized and collapsible;
Main types of formwork
Formwork is classified according to functional purpose depending on the type of concrete structures and, in general, are divided into:
For vertical surfaces, including walls;
For horizontal and inclined surfaces, including floors;
For simultaneous concreting of walls and ceilings;
For curved surfaces (mainly pneumatic formwork is used).
As a result of practical use in domestic and foreign mass industrial and civil construction, they have been created and successfully used, depending on the characteristics of the structures being built, the formwork material, conditions and methods of work. whole line structurally different formworks, greatest distribution from which we received the following:
1. Collapsible small panel formwork from small panels with an area of up to 2 m and a weight of up to 50 kg, from which it is possible to assemble formwork for concreting any structures, both horizontal and vertical, including massifs, foundations, walls, partitions, columns, beams, floor slabs and coverings.
2. Large panel formwork from large-sized panels with an area of up to 20 m, equipped with load-bearing or supporting elements, struts, adjusting and installation jacks, scaffolding for concreting. It is intended for the construction of large-sized and massive structures, including extended or repeating walls, floors of buildings and structures for various purposes.
3. Block formwork, which can consist of individual formwork panels, combined into spatial structures using fasteners, or specially manufactured spatial formwork blocks for specific structures to be concreted. Formwork can be used for formwork internal surfaces stairwells, elevator shafts, closed cells of walls of residential buildings, as well as external surfaces columnar foundations, grillages, arrays, etc.
4. Climbing formwork, consisting of panels, supporting, load-bearing and fastening elements, working flooring and devices for lifting the formwork system. Constructive solution formwork allows you to separate the panels from the concrete structure before moving it to the next tier. Formwork is used to construct structures high altitude constant and changing cross-sectional geometry - pipes, cooling towers, bridge supports, etc.
5. Volumetric adjustable formwork, used for the simultaneous construction of walls and ceilings of buildings. The formwork consists of L- and U-shaped block sections; the design allows the sections to move inward. Sections of formwork are connected to each other along their length, forming several parallel rows at once with distances between blocks equal to the thickness of the walls. This allows, after installing the formwork and laying the reinforcement cages, to simultaneously carry out concreting of the walls and adjacent sections of the floors.
6. Sliding formwork, used in the construction of vertical structures of buildings and structures of great height. The formwork is a system consisting of panels, a working floor, scaffolding, jacks, jacking rods mounted on jacking frames, and a control station for lifting the formwork system. Formwork is used for the construction of external and internal walls of residential buildings, stiffening cores, as well as chimneys, silos, cooling towers and other structures with a height of more than 40 m and a wall thickness of at least 25 cm.
7. Horizontally movable formwork, the purpose of which is the construction of linearly extended structures with a length of 3 m, solved both in the form separate wall(retaining wall), two parallel walls (open collector), and closed structure, consisting of walls and covering of the required specified length. The formwork is a rigid frame on trolleys with attached
to it with formwork panels, working flooring with fencing and mechanism
moving the formwork both vertically and horizontally. Formwork is used for continuous concreting of a structure along its length, including tiered in height, and for concreting in separate sections of a structure along the length of the assembled formwork. Formwork is used for the construction of canals, collectors, tanks, tunnels, aeration tanks and other structures constructed in the open.
8. Vertically movable formwork, intended for the construction of structures (tower, cooling tower, residential building) or their parts (elevator shaft of a residential building) and individual parts buildings and structures one floor high (elevator shaft section, spatial closed cell of 4 building walls).
9. Tunnel formwork, consisting of sections closed along the perimeter of the tunnel with supporting and forming elements. The formwork is designed for the construction of a closed loop of tunnels constructed in a closed way. Currently, tunnel formwork has found wide application for simultaneous concreting of corridor system buildings (hospitals, sanatoriums, rest homes, etc.), when using two sets of formwork continuous device external and internal walls and ceilings immediately across the entire width of the floor of the building being constructed.
10. Permanent formwork, used in the construction of structures without stripping, with the installation of simultaneously waterproofing, cladding, insulation, etc. during the work. The specificity of the formwork is that after laying the concrete mixture into it, the formwork remains in the body of the structure, forming one whole with it (Fig. 1.5). Currently, permanent formwork is used not only for concreting individual designs, but also the construction of complete buildings. This became possible by using polystyrene foam boards with a thickness of 50...150 mm and a density of 20...25 kg/m 3, with high moisture resistance, as formwork. Permanent formwork consists of factory-made formwork elements of walls and ceilings, which simultaneously perform the functions of formwork, insulation and sound insulation, as well as a base for applying finishing (textured) coatings. For permanent formwork woven can be used metal grid, reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete and asbestos concrete slabs, foam plastic slabs, glass cement, etc. This type formwork can be used in cramped work conditions and when it is economically feasible to use it.
11. Special formworks do not fall into the nomenclature of the main types, although they often allow the construction of similar structures. This pneumatic formwork, consisting of inflated rubberized fabric, which creates the formwork of the future spatial structure, supporting and load-bearing elements. In the working position, the pneumatic formwork is supported overpressure air and it is used for concreting thin-walled structures and curved structures.
It can also be noted non-negotiable(stationary) formwork, the purpose of which is the concreting of individual places, sections and even structures for the formwork of which the use of industrial formwork is uneconomical
or technically irrational. This is disposable formwork, collected from production waste.
For concreting walls, the following types of formwork are made: small-panel, large-panel, block-form, block and sliding.
For concreting floors, small-panel formwork with supporting elements and large-panel formwork are used, in which the formwork surfaces and supporting elements form a single formwork block, which can be completely rearranged by a crane.
For simultaneous concreting of walls and ceilings or parts of a building, volumetric adjustable formwork is used. For the same purposes, horizontally movable formwork, including rolling formwork, is used, which can be used for concreting separately vertical, horizontal and inclined surfaces.
Combined structures are rational, in which the load-bearing
and supporting elements are made of metal, and those in contact with concrete are made of lumber, waterproof plywood, particle boards, and plastic.
7.6 According to the work schedule brickwork buildings must be carried out in winter time. List the activities carried out when preparing a building for thawing (the walls of the building are laid using the freezing method)
With decreasing temperature, the hardening process of the solution slows down at t=+5°C 3-4 times; at 0°C the solution practically does not harden; when the masonry freezes early, the final strength that it acquires at “+” temperatures does not reach the original strength and does not exceed 50% of the required strength.
When laying in winter on solutions no higher than 20°C, the following methods are used: 1)
use antifreeze additives; 2) use quick-hardening solutions;
3) electric heating of the masonry; 4) masonry reinforcement; 5) masonry in greenhouses. Features of masonry in winter period: 1) reducing the opening of the plot, increasing the number of masons for rapid construction masonry throughout the entire area at once; 2) for multi-row masonry, ligation of seams through 3 rows; 3) a supply of mortar at the workplace is allowed for 20-30 minutes of work, the mortar boxes are insulated and equipped with heating; 4) it is not allowed to lay wet and icy bricks in the structure; 5) it is not allowed to leave the solution on during breaks in work top layer masonry Activity. After the masonry freezes in the spring, it thaws, which can result in settlement of individual parts or sides of the building. After finishing the laying of each floor, it is necessary to install control slats and monitor the settlement in winter and spring periods. The most dangerous areas are equipped with temporary racks, and the floors are also unloaded from debris and snow. Free-standing pillars and piers with a height exceeding their thickness > 6 times are unfastened. Observation of masonry
carried out within 7-10 days after the onset of round-the-clock prolonged temperatures.
When installing monolithic reinforced concrete structures wooden formwork (boards made of boards) is used. From our point of view, the consumption of formwork given in the standards of 6th Collection is underestimated, and our expenses are not reimbursed.
How to find out what turnover rate of wooden formwork is taken into account in the standards of the 6th Collection?
Answer
In the Technical Part of the Collection GESN-2001-06 “Concrete and reinforced concrete monolithic structures” the average standard turnover only for industrial wrap-around formwork (formwork with steel deck and metal formwork with waterproof plywood deck). Data on the average standard turnover of wooden formwork, taken into account in the standards of the Collection, is not provided. There is no answer to the question posed in “ Guidelines on the procedure for developing state elemental estimate standards for construction, installation, special construction and "(MDS 81-19.2000), put into effect on May 1, 1998 by Decree of the State Construction Committee of Russia dated April 24, 1998 No. 18-40.
The necessary information is contained in the “Guidelines for the development of elemental estimate standards for building structures and types of work, Part IV building codes and rules “Estimate norms and rules” approved State Committee Council of Ministers of the USSR for Construction on May 11, 1974, namely, in clause 8.4 of Section VIII “Determination of consumption standards for building structures, products and materials”:
"8.4. When erecting structures from monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete, excavation work using fastenings and other works, the consumption rates of forestry and other negotiable materials should be determined taking into account their return after each disassembly of the devices and the additional consumption of materials to restore losses inevitable during disassembly, according to the formula:
N P = N1 x K, where:
N1 - standards for the consumption of materials for the initial device according to working drawings, taking into account difficult to eliminate losses and waste given in clause 8.3. these guidelines;
K is a correction factor for the consumption of processed materials depending on the number of revolutions of temporary devices.
The number of revolutions of temporary devices adopted when developing estimate standards, and correction factors to the consumption of processed materials, determined according to production standards, are given in table. 3.
| No. | Name of temporary devices during the construction of structures and excavation work | Speed | "K" coefficients |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Formwork | |||
| 1 | Tanks and other water supply and sewerage structures: | ||
| - round in plan, with a diameter of up to 10 m; - the same, with a diameter of more than 10 m; - the same rectangular in plan. |
3 4 6 |
0,41 0,36 0,30 |
|
| 2 | Foundations for buildings, structures and equipment: | ||
| - foundation volume up to 5 m; - the same, volume from 5 to 10 m 3; - the same, with a volume of more than 10 m 3. |
4 5 6 |
0,36 0,33 0,30 |
|
| 3 | Retaining walls, basement and building walls, pylons for steel columns, cement silos, foundation beams and strip foundations | 10 | 0,26 |
| 4 | Columns with a perimeter up to 3 m | 12 | 0,25 |
| Columns with a perimeter of more than 3 m | 15 | 0,23 | |
| 5 | Ribbed and beamless floors | 12 | 0,25 |
| 6 | Beams, chords and lintels | 15 | 0,23 |
| 7 | When embedding prefabricated reinforced concrete structures | 5 | 0,33 |
| 8 | Formwork made of SFS grade plywood | 20 | 0,22 |
| 9 | Fastenings at earthworks | 5 | 0,33 |
| 10 | Supporting scaffolding and scaffolding | 20 | 0,22 |
The data on the average standard turnover of wooden formwork given in the Methodological Instructions were used in the development of the 1984 estimate and regulatory framework and then became part of the 2001 estimate and regulatory framework.
Table 2.
| No. | Formwork type | Metal formwork with steel deck | Metal formwork with waterproof plywood deck | |
| Waterproof plywood deck* | Metal supporting, supporting and fastening elements (steel, aluminum) | |||
| Collapsible and adjustable small shield | ||||
| Collapsible-adjustable large-panel | ||||
| Volume-adjustable | ||||
| Block | ||||
| Sliding (vertical sliding meters) |
Note:
* When using other deck materials (sheet plastic, combined, etc.), the number of revolutions is taken according to the technical data for the corresponding formwork.
Average weight of industrial formworks
Table 3.
| No. | Formwork type | Formwork weight |
| Demountable and adjustable small-panel, one-time consumption per 1 m 2 of structures, t | ||
| - for columns | 0,1 | |
| - for crossbars | 0,1 | |
| -for walls | 0,2 | |
| - for floors | 0,11 | |
| Collapsible and adjustable small-panel for floors of buildings erected in sliding formwork | 0,1 | |
| Demountable and adjustable large-panel, one-time consumption per 1 m 2 of structures, t | ||
| -for walls | 0,2 | |
| - for floors | 0,11 | |
| Volume-adjustable, one-time consumption per 1 m 2 of structures, t | ||
| -for walls | 0,22 | |
| - for floors | 0,11 | |
| Block, one-time consumption per 1 m 2 of structures, t (for walls) | 0,18 | |
| Sliding, t | ||
| - at 1 m center line of the walls | 0,318 | |
| - or per 1 m 2 structures | 0,69 |
The amount of depreciation charges to be included in estimates are determined by the formula:
For metal formwork with steel deck:
,Where:
A- depreciation of formwork, rub.;
P
M- mass of a set of metal formwork on the adopted meter P, - is accepted according to the data in Table 3 or technical data (project for the production of formwork works, specification of formwork elements, etc.)
C- current price of a set of formwork, rub/t;
N- standard turnover of metal formwork - is taken according to Table 2 or technical data.
For other types of formwork:
, Where:
A- depreciation of formwork, rub.;
P- total area of concrete structures (m2) or number of meters of vertical sliding (for sliding formwork) according to design data;
R- deck flow rate per adopted meter P, m 2 , m 3 , etc.
M e - mass of supporting, supporting, fastening elements of the formwork per accepted meter P, is accepted according to technical data (project for the production of formwork works, specification of formwork elements, etc.)
Ts tp - current deck price for accepted meter R;
Ts te- current price of supporting and fastening elements;
N p, N e- standard turnover of the deck and supporting, supporting fastening elements of the formwork, respectively, is taken according to the data in Table 2 or technical data.
In the case of renting industrial reusable formwork, depreciation deductions are not taken into account in the relevant GESN standards. The costs of rent payments are determined additionally on the basis of the construction organization project.
When using permanent formwork (reinforced concrete, reinforced cement, metal, mesh, etc.) instead of inventory wrapping, the relevant standards for formwork work it is necessary to apply coefficients in accordance with clause 3.8 of the technical part of section 3. In this case, depreciation of formwork is excluded from the norms and the consumption of materials, products and structures of permanent formwork according to design and other technical data is added. Concreting structures and installing reinforcement should be taken according to the standards of tables 01-090, 01-091 and 01-092.
The standards of this collection provide for the consumption of formwork panels and lumber based on the standard turnover of formwork panels. In cases where formwork turnover is impossible (one-time use of formwork) or does not correspond to the standard formwork turnover, the amount of costs should be determined according to individual estimate standards, taking into account the actual consumption of elements and formwork fastening parts.
1.20. If it is necessary to use electric heating to accelerate concrete hardening and formwork turnover outside of winter (determined by the construction organization project), additional expenses according to the technological electric heating of concrete, determine according to the table. 01-017.
1.21. The costs of constructing retaining walls (Table 01-024) of variable cross-section should be determined based on their average thickness.
1.22. Construction costs reinforced concrete columns when resting monolithic floors or beams on them, they should be determined according to the standards of Tables 4-6. 01-026 regardless of the height of the columns.
1.23. The costs of constructing concrete and lightweight concrete walls (when monolithic floors are supported on them) should be determined according to standards 1-5, 13-15 of Tables. 01-030 regardless of the height of the walls.
1.24. Construction costs reinforced concrete walls(when resting monolithic floors on them) should be determined according to standards 1-5 of Table. 01-031 regardless of the height of the walls.
1.25. Thermal insulation costs concrete surfaces walls of mine tower headframes erected in sliding formwork should be determined additionally according to the relevant standards of the collection GESN-2001-26 " Thermal insulation work”, and for plastering internal walls according to the standards of the collection GESN-2001-15 “Finishing works”.
1.26. The standards for the installation of water supply and sewerage tank structures should also be applied when determining the costs of similar technical requirements and construction conditions (tanks for petroleum products, etc.).
1.27. The standards given in subsection 15 for the preparation of concrete and mortars in construction conditions should be applied in exceptional cases when the construction site is removed from concrete plants (concrete mortar units) at distances that do not allow transportation of concrete and mortars.
1.28. Standards for the construction of wall structures according to table. 01-090, 01-098 are developed for 1 m 2 of the area of the “gross” structural element, i.e. without deduction of openings.
1.29. For the construction of walls in tunnels and passage channels, the standards in Table. 01-046 provide for the use of a unified collapsible and adjustable metal small-panel formwork.
1.30. In the norms of the table. 01-027, 01-037, 01-087 - 01-092, 01-096 - 01-100, 01-103, 01-104 take into account the construction of buildings with a height of 48 m. When reducing or increasing the height of the building being constructed, the coefficients given should be applied in the technical part, section 3, paragraphs 3.6, 3.7.
1.31. Costs of loading filters with sulfonated carbon, quartz sand and others special materials should be determined according to the standards of the table. 01-070.
1.32. Consumption of concrete (mortar) for filling nests (wells) when installing anchor bolts table. 01-015 is taken into account in the standards for foundation construction.
1.33. In cases of shotcrete surfaces without preliminary sandblasting from the norm 2 of table. 01-067, the costs of norm 1 of Table 01-67 should be excluded.
1.34. If the project provides for corrosion protection of embedded and overhead parts, costs should be taken according to the standards of the collection GESN-2001-13 “Protection of building structures and equipment from corrosion.”
1.35. The size “up to” indicated in this collection includes this size.
1.36. The mass of structures, products and materials is taken as “net” mass.
1.37. Table norms 01107¸01111 take into account the use of industrial formwork of the “Doka” type in the form of “Dokaflex” tables. The consumption rates for a bakelized plywood deck (Doka type formwork deck) are determined to be written off as the cost of work performed, taking into account the normal number of its turnover and the norms of permissible losses after each rotation. Depreciation deductions for Doka industrial formwork elements - supports, formwork beams, installation auxiliary elements should be determined on the basis of the following data:
Average standard turnover of industrial formwork elements of the “Doka” type
Table 4.
The amount of depreciation deductions for inclusion in estimated calculations is determined in the following order:
A = P k ´ (C me / N me + C de / N de), where :
A – depreciation of formwork, rub.;
P k – total area of concrete structures (m 2 ) according to design data;
Ts me – estimated price of metal formwork elements (supports, auxiliary elements for installation);
N me - standard turnover of metal formwork elements - is taken according to the data in Table 4 of the technical part of this collection or technical data;
Ts de – estimated price wooden elements formwork (formwork beams);
N de - standard turnover of wooden formwork elements - is taken according to the data in Table 4 of the technical part of this collection or technical data.
1.38. The concept of “reinforcement” given in the tables of Collection No. 6 GESN-2001 “Concrete and reinforced concrete monolithic structures” should be understood as reinforcement cages and meshes received from the manufacturer in finished form and installed in the formwork in finished form.
1.39. When installing monolithic reinforced concrete structures in a pit with high level groundwater, when the design does not provide for water reduction, drainage work during the period of concreting the structures and installing formwork and reinforcement below the groundwater level should be taken into account in the estimate documentation separately based on the data of the construction organization project (COP).
1.40. In the tables of the collection No. 6 GESN-2001 "Concrete and reinforced concrete monolithic structures" for the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete structures in sliding formwork, the costs of operating the sliding formwork lifting mechanisms are not taken into account. Before adjusting the mentioned tables, these costs should be taken into account directly when drawing up local estimates. The operating time of the sliding formwork lifting mechanisms and additional labor costs should be determined according to the data of the construction organization project (COP).
1.41. In cases where the construction organization project provides for the use of concrete mixer trucks, their operating time should be taken into account additionally in an amount equal to the operating time of the leading machine performing concrete work.
1.42. If the construction organization project or the work execution project provides for the use of backup concrete pumps when concreting monolithic structures, then the costs of their operation should be taken into account additionally.
1.43. The costs of installing reinforcement in excess of those taken into account by the standards of this collection in areas where such costs are not random, but systematic (areas with seismicity of 7 points or more, areas with weak soils etc.) should be taken into account directly in local estimates additionally.
1.44. The costs of constructing monolithic structures with a curvilinear outline should be determined according to individual elemental estimate standards.
1.45. The standards of this collection are developed from the condition of supplying concrete mixture into a bucket by crane or using a concrete pump directly into the formwork without additional transportation of concrete. In cases where it is necessary to carry concrete, the costs of carrying concrete manually or moving it with wheelbarrows should be taken into account additionally in local estimates.
1.46. When performing concreting work on monolithic concrete structures (unreinforced) with separate structural elements should be reflected in the acceptance certificates for the work performed (as a percentage of the cost of the work given in the corresponding unit price):
The same applies when performing concreting work on monolithic reinforced concrete structures (reinforced).
