When we need to pump out liquid sewage or clean up the surrounding area, we turn to special equipment. The most common machines that restore order using vacuum equipment, are vacuum cleaners and sludge suckers.

Such equipment is in great demand in large cities, where volumes of liquid household waste accumulate in large quantities. Therefore, the removal of reinforced concrete is one of the top priorities in ensuring order and cleanliness in cities.

What is the difference

Sewage equipment is designed for pumping out sewage that is in a liquid state. This system is a barrel equipped with a vacuum pump and a corrugated hose.

This equipment is usually installed on a truck. Liquid sewage is pumped into a container using a pump and transported to special facilities for neutralization.

The sludge extractor looks like a sewer machine, but has some differences in equipment. The tank of such equipment is equipped with a special gun, which ensures the washout of viscous sewage.

The liquefied dirt is collected using a pump using a suction boom, which is equipped with a remote control. The waste stored in the container is dumped in specially designated areas using the dump method, and in some designs an extrusion plate is provided.

The main difference between a sludge pump and a sewage disposal equipment is that it can be used to collect solid waste that has been previously washed away. This technique is universal and can be used for various cleaning jobs.

Sludge extraction is a technique that is used to remove contaminants in various city communications. Purchasing and maintaining such a machine is very expensive, so it is best to use the services of organizations that have such special equipment.

The operating principle of the silt cleaner is very simple, and the quality of cleaning is very high level. Let's look at how this technique works with standard equipment:

• the car drives up to the cleaning site;
• the operator, if necessary, uses a special gun to wash away solid waste;
• by using vacuum pump wastewater is pumped into the tank through the pressure-suction hose;
• sewage enters the first compartment of the container;
• water from the drains flows into the second compartment of the tank;
• during the vehicle's journey to the unloading site, the silt deposits become stratified;
• at the end of the journey, the dirt remains in the rear part of the container, and the liquid flows to the front;
• Sewage is discharged on site using a special piston.

The sludge sucker copes with dirt of any viscosity without any problems and therefore this technique is most applicable when carrying out cleaning work.

Ponds are a wonderful decoration for a personal plot. But to maintain the visual appeal and well-groomed condition of reservoirs, it is necessary to regularly care for them and clean them in a timely manner.

Do it yourself pond cleaning

Otherwise, the water will begin to deteriorate and, as a result, the fish, amphibians and plants living in the pond will die. A number of things will help you avoid troubles: simple rules pond care and cleaning.

Let's look at the basic rules for caring for ponds. personal plot. Everyone knows from school that natural bodies of water are cleaned naturally, thanks to biological balance, which ensures the vital activity of all living organisms in the water. In a small artificial reservoir, you need to create and maintain biological balance with your own hands. To do this, you should observe the seasonal features of pond care.

The easiest way to have a beautiful front lawn

You've certainly seen the perfect lawn in a movie, on an alley, or perhaps on your neighbor's lawn. Those who have ever tried to grow a green area on their site will no doubt say that it is a huge amount of work. The lawn requires careful planting, care, fertilization, and watering. However, only inexperienced gardeners think this way; professionals have long known about the innovative product - liquid lawn AquaGrazz.

With the onset of the first spring warm days, we need to prepare the pond for summer season. To do this, in case of severe siltation of the bottom, part of the sediment is removed. To remove overgrown sludge, you can use modern electric sludge suckers, which allow you to quickly deal with the problem. But if tadpoles of fish or amphibians live in the pond, the silt sucker will have to be abandoned, since this threatens the destruction of the entire population of fry.

Before starting the pumps, it is necessary to check the integrity of the pond frame; if damage is detected, seal the cracks to prevent water leakage. After this, you can start the pump and filter system. During the first weeks of spring, the filter should work around the clock to clear the water of accumulated silt with your own hands. Prepare, plant new or replant old water and coastal garden plants, get rid of infected and weak vegetation.

Pond cleaning methods

With an average daily stable temperature conditions above 10° C, you can start feeding the fish and amphibians that live in the reservoir. Using a water quality tester, analyze the quality of the water reservoir. In this case, you need to pay attention to the pH level (hydrogen index), oxygen and nitrogen content, and water hardness. Based on the results of the analysis, carry out preventative work, additionally clean the bottom of sludge or add a balanced nutrient concentrate.

Caring for ponds in summer

In the summer, during the period of active vegetation growth, it is necessary to remove overgrown algae from the bottom of the pond, which will be useful in the country as mulch and fertilizer. If they “live” in a pond flowering plants, for example, water lilies or irises, in the summer it’s time to feed them with a special long-acting fertilizer. Before feeding, adult flowers are removed from the water, separated, damaged roots are cut off, and then planted in shallow water. During the warm months, it is necessary to regularly remove weeds from the banks of water bodies.

Summer is ideal for planting exotic tropical aquatic plants, such as lotus, water lettuce, lysichiton, whitewing or cinquefoil. Water quality must be monitored throughout the summer.

Caring for ponds in autumn

Cleaning ponds in the fall begins with trimming yellowed aquatic greenery and removing fallen leaves, this must be done before they sink to the bottom. To collect autumn leaves You can use a special mesh that is stretched over the surface of the reservoir. Installed mesh it is necessary to check regularly, fish and amphibians living in the pond, or small wild animals can get there.

Pond cleaning in spring

As soon as the air temperature drops below 10° C, it is necessary to stop feeding fish and amphibians, since in winter they are in a state of suspended animation and therefore do not eat. Trim algae and other aquatic plants. Heat-loving tropical plants transplant into containers and place for wintering in a warm, heated room.

Caring for ponds in winter

If there are no fish or amphibians in the reservoir, then in the winter the pond can be completely drained and covered with garden film. If the inhabitants overwinter in the pond, before the first frost it is necessary to turn on the de-icer, which will prevent complete icing and maintain the necessary gas exchange even when the pumping system is frozen. Drain the water and remove frost-resistant pumps and filters.

If the reservoir is completely frozen over, it is necessary to pour hot water over the ice cover, let it thaw a little and only then make an ice hole. Under no circumstances should you make an ice hole without warming the surface of the pond, otherwise, due to the sharp difference in temperature and atmospheric pressure fish and amphibians will die. It is better not to disturb the peace of the reservoir unless absolutely necessary. Leave some of the reeds and hollow plants until spring; they will prevent complete icing of the pond.

Even with proper care and regular cleaning of the reservoir at the dacha, unforeseen difficulties may arise:

Do-it-yourself methods for cleaning a pond at your dacha

To clean natural or industrial water bodies, technical modern means. The use of modern excavators and dredgers allows you to quickly clean large areas of water without disturbing the overall ecology, prevent waterlogging, improve the aesthetic appearance and sanitary condition of the reservoir and coastal areas. However, the use of excavators and dredgers for cleaning artificial pond at the dacha is impractical. For small bodies of water, it is recommended to use biological cleaning agents. Unlike chemicals, which have excellent disinfectant characteristics, biological agents are not aggressive to the inhabitants of water bodies, therefore they are absolutely safe for both human health and the environment.

To clean a pond at the dacha, it is recommended to use biological agents that control the growth of algae, prevent the accumulation of mosquitoes, purify water from heavy metals, and combat the formation of duckweed. For example, to combat mosquitoes, you can use the German biological drug “PiekAde”. And Fadenalgenvernichter prevents algae from growing. The biological product “Starter Bacteria” will get rid of harmful impurities. Crystal Clear will help get rid of heavy metals and phosphates.

Modern biological products will help you effectively clean a pond with your own hands in a short time from silt. However, like any active substance, biological means should be used with caution, following the recommendations and dosage indicated on the package. And also, in no case should you use all the drugs at once, this will lead to oversaturation of the reservoir with biologically active compounds and, as a result, to the death of the inhabitants of the reservoir.

Art landscape design Today it has reached such heights that human imagination simply knows no bounds. Absolutely any idea can be brought to life by creating a miniature front country house the Hanging Gardens of Babylon or a topiary labyrinth of evergreen rabbits and birds, like Louis XIV himself. In addition, enterprising landscape designers today have learned to create beautiful artificial reservoirs that do not require special soil or an underwater source.

Gorgeous cascades, noctilucous fountain, a romantic stream from an overturned jug in oriental style... It’s possible to do all this with your own hands - without special costs or the involvement of specialists. The main thing is to know how and what will be discussed in this article.

Choosing the shape and design of the future reservoir

The most successful shape of an artificial reservoir is round. Firstly, it looks more natural and closer to nature, and secondly, garbage often accumulates in square and rectangular pools and ponds, which is not easy to remove. That is why it is recommended to give preference to shapes that are smooth and without sharp corners: in the form of a heart, a circle, the imprint of a huge human foot, a drop or a dolphin. Of course, the more unusual the shape of the reservoir, the more difficult all construction work will be. But the more impressive the end result will look.

As for the area of ​​the artificial reservoir, then decorative ponds it usually does not exceed five square meters. But their depth should not be more than half a meter, plus 10 cm must be set aside for a sand bed. But for a small lake, the area of ​​which exceeds 9 square meters, the depth must be made from 60 cm to a meter so that the water warms up slowly and evenly. By the way, if you plan to breed fish in an artificial pond in the future (for yourself or for sale), then they will need a lot of space. And in general, the larger the reservoir in area and depth, the easier it is to maintain ecological balance in it, and the less often it will need to be cleaned.

Today you can purchase a ready-made pond bowl in specialized stores, which you just have to bury in the ground. But for greater savings, you can also dig a pit yourself beautiful shape and cover it waterproofing film. The main thing is that all the ledges are made strictly horizontally, because only on a flat bottom plant remains can be distributed evenly and processed by microorganisms without the unpleasant formation of swamp gas. In general, ledges are often made only on one side of the pond, while its opposite wall descends almost vertically.

Determining the place of the reservoir in the garden layout

A beautiful artificial pond is, without exaggeration, the most spectacular and noticeable element of landscape design. But the place for its placement depends more on the purpose for which it will be built:

If fish will be bred in a pond made by yourself, it does not have to become the central element of the layout. After all, carps, like all living things, love peace and quiet.

But if the reservoir will primarily perform decorative functions, it can be safely installed in the most noticeable and visible place - and it will become a win-win trump card for its owners.

Many people dream of their own, albeit small, quiet pond with lilies or a stream shimmering in the sun, which they can admire alone on pleasant, fresh evenings. Then such a pond in the garden layout should be located in the farthest secluded corner, where only one path will lead.

But in any case, no matter what purpose the artificial reservoir serves, it can only be placed where:

• No strong winds;
• the sun's rays warm the water no more than 6 hours a day;
• there are no trees nearby that will clog the pond with their flowers and leaves, and also damage the walls of the pond over time.

So, as soon as the place is chosen, you can begin to build an artificial reservoir.

Construction of cascades and waterfalls

An artificial reservoir does not have to look flat and primitive. The more decorative and architectural delights it contains, the more luxurious the entire landscape design of the site will look.

But what are cascade and waterfall, and how do they differ? So, a cascade is stone steps along which water flows. A waterfall is just one step, but of greater height, from which a large mass of water falls directly into the bowl of the reservoir. And the cascade can be safely combined with a reservoir, which can simply be at the very beginning of the water movement, and at the end, when the multi-level cascade ends with a small waterfall. Here, a lot depends on imagination and on the possibility of using the terrain of the earth, where an artificial reservoir is being built. The main thing is that it fits organically into the surrounding design.

The ledge itself for the waterfall can be one, or in the form of steps - this will be even more effective. And the shape of the ledge also shapes the falling stream - will it be a continuous curtain or will it begin to be divided into even “strands”. Or the pond will become a spectacular miniature of the fountain of tears in Bakhchisarai, with flowing drops.

In addition, the sound of falling water - dull or ringing - directly depends on the stone that was chosen for the cascade or waterfall, and on the height of the ledge.

And most importantly, in an artificial reservoir with a waterfall and cascades, you can safely plant plants and even keep fish. After all, water in movement and fall is well saturated with oxygen and cools better in the heat, which is especially useful for fish and aquatic greenery. And oxygenated water is always clearer and cleaner than stagnant water.

Excavation work, preparation and strengthening of the ditch

All work on the construction of an artificial reservoir can be carried out only in the summer, and only on those days when the air temperature is at least 20˚C. Firstly, only at this temperature can you spread the film - in colder conditions it will not be able to straighten and stretch normally. And secondly, if a ready-made tank bowl is used instead of a film, then the soil during work should be loose and dry - the same as in summer, because in both spring and autumn there is a slight shift in the soil (swelling and shrinkage), which, little by little, can cause the plastic bowl to become deformed from pressure and crack. That is why experienced builders recommend that work on the manufacture of an artificial reservoir be carried out at exactly this temperature and only in the summer.

How to make an artificial pond from a finished bowl

The easiest way to build a pond with your own hands is to purchase a ready-made bowl made of plastic or fiberglass. The technology of all work in this case will be as simple as possible - just dig a hole required sizes and place a plastic or fiberglass bowl in it. Therefore, if you plan to build a small reservoir, a ready-made bowl will be an ideal option.

A plastic bowl for an artificial pond is the most affordable. It already has specific outlines, colors and projections for aquatic plants. But plastic is also the most short-lived material, which does not tolerate light well and easily cracks at bends, although Lately Forms have already appeared that are not afraid of ultraviolet rays.

The strongest and most durable bowls for ponds are rubber-based and fiberglass. But to save money, you can also purchase a compact plastic form - in any case, it will be better than a thin and unreliable film.

But fragile fiberglass bowls, which come in a variety of shapes and are designed for both small reservoirs and tanks up to 6000 liters, can last up to 30 years and are easily repairable. They tolerate it well low temperatures and are quite resistant to ultraviolet rays. And they can be of very different colors - from black to green. And finally, fiberglass is absolutely safe for fish and plants. But this form is by no means cheap.

So, if a ready-made bowl was purchased to make an artificial reservoir, then everything must be done in the following sequence:

1. The finished bowl must be placed in the chosen place and circled around it with a shovel. Then the form can be removed again. By the way, if a ready-made tank was not purchased, the contours of the future reservoir can be outlined freely, according to the plan.
2. It is necessary to dig a pit to fit the shape of the future reservoir, making sure to add 15-20 cm from the intended contour for the necessary filling and 10-15 cm in depth.
3. At the bottom of the pit you need to lay sand 4-5 cm thick, which will prevent possible subsidence.
4. Now the entire bottom needs to be leveled and the slopes compacted well.
5. The form needs to be put in place and the edges checked using the rule - it should stand straight.
6. Now the mold needs to be filled a third with water, and fill the voids around with sand, periodically wetting it with water for density. In this case, all the soil around the pond may sag, and therefore it must be watered with water from a hose for several days.

After all this, all that remains is to purchase special container-baskets with plants that can be placed in the pond at the required depth.

Also, when installing a fiberglass bowl, you must remember that:

1. Fiberglass is a fairly fragile material, and therefore it must be transported and installed very carefully.
2. It is advisable to fill the space between the fiberglass mold and the walls of the pit tightly, without any voids. To do this, you can constantly water the sand and tamp it down with force.
3. The fiberglass container must stand strictly horizontally and not warp - otherwise attempts to speed up and simplify the installation technology will end in failure of the container itself.

How to make an artificial pond with your own hands without a bowl

A DIY concrete bowl for a pond will cost less than buying a ready-made tank. To do this, you must purchase in advance concrete mixture, reinforcing mesh and get boards for formwork. The concrete “pool” will be the strongest and most durable. But after installing such a bowl, you should not immediately populate the pond with plants - first you need to use a bitumen-based sealant, which will prevent flora and fauna from coming into contact with lime that is dangerous to it.

But a beautiful and budget-friendly pond can be made without bowls - either concrete or purchased. To do this, dig a pit and cover it with a special waterproofing film - cheap and cheerful. It is only important to know about all the intricacies of such work, and the artificial pond will delight you for many years.

The process of waterproofing the bottom of a reservoir

If a ready-made plastic mold was not used in the manufacture of an artificial reservoir, then it is important to ensure that the water does not go into the ground, i.e. conduct waterproofing works. And you need to do it like this:

• So, a 5-centimeter layer of sand, peat or special seal soil that is not susceptible to rotting. You can buy one in a specialized store.
• The prepared layer must be crushed well. If there is thick, coarse material or old blankets, they can be placed on top of the sand.
• The film from the selected material must be carefully straightened and pulled onto the bottom so that its edges extend onto the shore another 10 cm. Next, the edges are secured at the corners either with slabs or bricks. Moreover, there is no need to align butyl rubber and PVC film perfectly along the entire bottom - they themselves will take the shape of the pit after the liquid begins to press on them. But cheap polyethylene will still need to be straightened with your own hands towards the edges from the center, while being sure to form even thin folds on all protrusions and corners - so that there are no tears in the future.
• The edges of the film are masked with decorative mats or a thick layer of gravel and stone. You can plant plants between cobblestones of different sizes - it will be more aesthetically pleasing. And the bottom can be filled with river pebbles (only pebbles, not crushed stone, which will easily cut the film)
• All edging materials must be placed close to each other and seated on cement mortar. But, if in the future fish will be bred in an artificial reservoir made with your own hands, you cannot add lime to it.

Film coating as a type of waterproofing

The most economical option Film coating, which has several types, is rightfully considered.

Polyethylene film. This is a transparent and very thin film, which, unfortunately, is neither strong nor durable. Its service life is 2 years. That is why such a coating is only suitable for creating temporary reservoirs. The polyethylene film itself also varies in color and thickness.

Polyvinyl chloride coating. PVC material is considered more resistant to external influences than polyethylene film. It glues perfectly, stretches and takes any shape. But, at the same time, this coating is not famous for its durability. In addition, over time, unsightly folds appear on it. But PVC film can serve for more than ten years.

Synthetic rubber film. This film can also take any shape, it is also quite difficult to damage, and in any case, all cracks and damage can be easily repaired on this film by special means for gluing. However synthetic rubber does not tolerate exposure to direct sunlight and frost. Therefore, such a film serves for more than half a century and is absolutely indispensable for deep reservoirs and rocky surfaces.

Waterproofing with reinforced liquid rubber. Liquid polymers are the most modern look coating, thanks to which you can make a solid and reliable bowl of absolutely any configuration with your own hands without much difficulty. Wherein liquid rubber environmentally friendly and resistant to external influences - the elastic material is almost never damaged during operation.

Waterproofing the bottom of a reservoir using polyurium. Polyurium today is one of the most durable and quality materials. It was preceded by bitumen, rubber and various solvents, but this material compares favorably with all others. It consists of a mixture of resin and isocyanate, which, under conditions high pressure mix with each other and form a particularly strong and durable coating. Moreover, it is absolutely non-toxic - you can safely breed fish and other living creatures in a polyurium pond.

You only need to apply polyurium to the walls of the pond once - it instantly hardens and forms an unusually durable layer. Construction works it is usually uncomplicated and can be completed in a short time. And for creating an artificial pond, polyurium is ideal because it is laid without a seam and provides the bottom of the reservoir with truly reliable waterproofing.

So, as soon as the foundation pit for the artificial pond is dug and prepared, it is necessary to make a geotextile backing for greater strength. Next, you can apply polyurium in the same way as paint using a spray gun. The equipment for it is, of course, expensive, but only with the help of it can you create a layer required thickness. The polyurium coating system itself usually comes in two different containers of liquids, which will require a two-component dispenser, spray gun and compressor to heat and mix.

When all the work to create waterproofing coating finished, the pond can be filled with water. If everything was done correctly, the water will not drain. And due to the fact that polyurium does not emit any organic or toxic compounds, it is possible to plant in such a reservoir rare plants and even fish.

A pond made from polyuria is especially durable because... the appearance of cracks in it is completely excluded, and therefore it simply does not need repairs, unlike a pond with a vinyl film or a ready-made plastic tank.

Installation of underwater and surface lighting

The artificial pond looks especially charming in the evenings, when the special illumination of the water is turned on and the streams are filled with a fabulous bright light. And don’t think that such a miracle only happens in huge city parks - such beauty in miniature can be recreated in your own area. After all, the culprit is small decorative lighting, which can be either above-water or underwater.

Lamps for illumination underwater are always equipped with special waterproof lamps, which can be of a variety of shades and colors. They need to be installed at the bottom of the reservoir, or on the lowest ledge. Such illumination creates a mesmerizing internal glow of water, and the blue color closer to the ocean is especially remarkable in this sense. Of course, such lamps need to be connected to a common network, but for extra safety, you can also purchase floating ones powered by batteries. Not attached to the bottom and not having any long wire, they move freely throughout the reservoir in a chaotic direction, which also looks very impressive. And finally, rotating lighting is in fashion today, which is placed directly on the pump under water.

But above-water lighting is installed on land in order to illuminate the fountain from the outside. This is a beautiful flood light that comes either from a spotlight or from lamps. And any shade can be achieved using modern light filters.

Both above-water and underwater lamps are mounted on a special support mechanism, which is easily adjusted and rotated in the desired direction. The main thing is that the electrical wiring used is sealed and water-repellent, as well as being as resistant to decomposition and rotting as possible, even in places that will be above the ground. Finally, it is recommended to purchase lighting wiring that has an automatic circuit breaker system in case of current leakage.

Installing the pump and ensuring water circulation

Even a very small fountain in a decorative artificial pond looks simply wonderful. Moreover, installing it is quite simple, and all this can be done by any non-professional.

Today you can purchase fountains and fountains of a variety of fancy shapes in any specialized store. But, if the external design can be easily selected according to your own taste and compliance with the landscape design of the site, then the type and shape of the sprayer is more dictated by the size of the pond itself. After all, no matter what the fountain is, the main thing is that the splashes of water do not fall too heavily on the surrounding landscape - this way the water itself will drain faster, and the soil near the reservoir will simply begin to erode.

The fountain spray tube itself must be mounted in a vertical position, but the type of jet will depend on the sprayer itself. By the way, today the best sprayers are considered to be ceramic, bronze and fiberglass, which do not deform in the cold. A decorative effect which will provide beautiful water pictures, is achieved with the help of special nozzles.

But the height of the jet will be determined by the power of the pump. For small ponds, the most compact and inexpensive models are suitable. But it should be remembered that most pumps are powered from a regular electrical network, and therefore it is extremely important to take all precautions during operation: water and current are an extremely dangerous connection. Therefore, for safety reasons, it is better to purchase a pump with a waterproof cable, waterproof connectors and a particularly durable dielectric housing.

Installation of a filtration system

So that the created artificial reservoir is always in perfect order, you need to think about it in advance effective system filtration for the water itself.

The choice of the type and purpose of filters for a particular reservoir depends, first of all, on the following factors:

• Pond size.
• Its depths.
• Local climatic conditions.
• Designs of cascades and fountains.
• The presence of fish and their quantity.

For a pond populated with fish, choosing filters is a little more difficult. After all, fish grow, and therefore every day there is less and less oxygen for them in the reservoir. That is why it is advisable to choose a filter and pump for such a pond with a reserve of performance.

So, powerful aquarium filters are quite suitable for mini-reservoirs. But for more substantial artificial ponds and waterfalls, the filtration system must be selected carefully, taking into account all the design features.

Pressure filters. Pressure filters are the simplest and most economical. Such filters consist of three stages of purification - biological, mechanical and ultraviolet. But, despite their affordability, they professionally cope with the task of water purification. Such filters are installed not under water, but on the shore of a reservoir, which is convenient for its periodic cleaning.

Non-pressure multi-chamber filters. Multi-chamber filters for artificial reservoirs perform the following types of water purification:

• Rough mechanical cleaning. For rough water purification, quartz sand, gravel or special granules are usually used. The efficiency of such cleaning will be higher, the finer the aggregate fractions. But such filters, naturally, require periodic washing - you need to turn on the appropriate mode, or, failing this, replace the filter material itself, which can be easily purchased at any pond equipment store.
• Multilayer mechanical cleaning. In such filters, the layers in the chamber are heterogeneous - each has its own task: brushes remove large particles, such as silt and leaves, and a coconut mat serves for finer mechanical cleaning.
• Biological treatment. During biological treatment, organic matter is decomposed by special bacteria. To do this, a porous structure (most often a sponge) is placed in a special container, which is artificially populated with anaerobic and aerobic living organisms. In the process of their life, they process proteins, fats and carbohydrates into gas. And thanks to porosity, sponges are created favorable conditions for the growth of more beneficial bioflora. But often, instead of a sponge, manufacturers use polypropylene balls, which have hollow cylinders inside - an ideal environment for the life of many beneficial bacteria.
• Ultraviolet cleaning. Ultraviolet filters are new to the construction market, but with them, caring for an artificial pond has become easier. Special ultraviolet radiation kills all harmful single-celled creatures and algae in the water, without affecting in any way ornamental plants and fish. And the highest quality ultraviolet filters are those made in Germany, which are equipped with tube self-cleaning systems, thanks to which the non-contaminating lamp is designed for sufficient long term service - for as much as 10,000 hours of operation.

Vortex chambers. Center-Vortex non-pressure filters have vortex chambers. When water enters such a chamber, its flow rate decreases sharply, due to which large particles of dirt remain at the bottom, and more pure water already flows through the remaining filter elements.

Skimmers. To clean an artificial reservoir, you can use a special device such as a skimmer. There are three types of skimmers: free-floating, fixed-stand and side-mounted. Skimmers with a fixed stand can only be used in a pond where the depth is at least 6-8 meters, but for a floating skimmer such parameters of the reservoir are not important. Both the first type of skimmer and the second work simultaneously with the pump, but for the side skimmer it will need to be purchased separately.

Silt suckers. For better cleaning of an artificial pond, silt cleaners are also used - special devices that operate on the same principle as a vacuum cleaner. And they clean the reservoir from accumulated silt. After all, you can collect fallen leaves from the surface of a reservoir with a net, but scraping off the remains of plants and fish waste products from the bottom with your own hands is problematic. It is for this purpose that the sludge pump was developed, but it can only be used in those reservoirs where the bottom is hard and where overall size the pond does not exceed 10 meters.

Planting plants in an artificial pond

Moisture-loving green spaces will help revive a pond and make it indistinguishable from nature. But it is extremely important to know when, where and what plants can be planted in an artificial pond:

1. Not all plants can grow under the jets of a fountain and with the active movement of water. For example, beautiful lilies do not like splashes and generally feel good only on the still, mirror-like surface of water.
2. Plants need to be planted in May so that they have time to get stronger and take root before summer.
3. It is imperative to plant floating plants - they will do a good job of restraining the growth and reproduction of algae.
4. Planting plants on ledges is done as follows:
   • The upper ledge can be populated with marsh plants - marigold, calamus, dwarf rush and others. To do this, you can place a box with well-compacted soil or special filler on the ledge.
   • Water lilies, water lilies and water chestnuts in pots will do well on the lower ledges.
   • On the deepest ledges you need to place underwater and aquatic plants that do not need soil - they will absorb everything they need nutrients straight out of the water. Therefore, they can be safely planted in gravel, sand and pots.

But around the pond it is advisable to plant tall herbs and shrubs with branches hanging to the ground: hosta, bergenia, lupins, daylilies and rhubarb.

Once the plants are planted in the pond, the work of creating it is completed. Life will appear in it very soon, and the water will soon turn green - algae will multiply. But literally in a few months the pond will become transparent again - the process of natural cleansing will work, all with the same plants.

Decorating a pond and masking technical elements

Of course, both the filter and the wires must be hidden from prying eyes - at least for the sake of aesthetics, not to mention safety for children. And for this, planting flowers, plants and even ceramic figurines will be used.

For example, a ground pump and filter can be hidden in an architectural statue or false stone, and the wires can be covered with a lawn or buried in tall grass. The main thing is that there is nothing to remind you that this pond was created by man and not by nature.

Artificial pond care

A properly created artificial reservoir has the property of self-regulation, and its natural balance quickly establishes itself.

But from time to time, the pond needs to be cleared of wind-blown debris and fallen leaves so that they do not sink to the bottom and begin to decompose there. That's why on autumn period You can stretch a net over the pond, similar to a fishing net, and its exterior will not suffer much from this. And for more thorough cleaning of the reservoir from leaves and petals, a bottom vacuum cleaner is traditionally used. It is designed to remove silt, mud and drowned natural debris.

In order to maintain a natural nutrient medium in a reservoir, especially if there are fish in it, aerators are usually used - the same as in aquariums, only more powerful. But not bad additional sources aeration can be provided by waterfalls, fountains and cascades, thanks to which the water constantly circulates and is therefore well saturated with oxygen.

Often small and insufficiently heated artificial reservoirs suffer from algal blooms. This is due to unicellular algae that actively reproduce. But it is not at all necessary to use some kind of sophisticated technology or expensive filters to purify such water - plants with floating leaves - water lilies, egg capsules and others - can handle this perfectly.

If an artificial reservoir is covered with a layer of ice, the fish may die due to lack of oxygen. Therefore, to protect the pond from such a problem, you can install a small special heater in advance, or, as a last resort, make vent, for example, by placing a pan of boiling water on ice.

But, in general, an artificial reservoir, no matter what its size, does not require special care and attention - it is enough to correctly place and install all the automation.

Anna Morning, rmnt.ru

Rent of watering and silt-suction machines

Operating principle of the sludge sucker

Sludge suckers are a specialized type of equipment used to clean drainage and sewer systems, settling tanks, pipelines, etc.

How does a sludge pump work?

This transport device on a ZIL or GAZ wheelbase is equipped with a metal tank, a vacuum pump, a hose, a hydraulic or pneumatic system, and additional electrical equipment.

The tank is made of 6 mm thick steel and is divided into two compartments. The first compartment is for pumped out sludge, the second for water. The inner surface of the container is coated with a zinc-containing or polymer substance that protects against corrosion. The tank is divided into two compartments.

The hydraulic system is applicable for mechanized pumping of sludge from a tank. The sludge extractor with pneumatic equipment is controlled from a control panel. The sludge level is controlled by a remote system.

How does a sludge sucker work?

Pumping out dirt and sediment using a suction pump is carried out in several stages. First of all, the equipment drives as close as possible to the place of work. The transport driver unwinds the flexible hose, which sucks up deposits and contaminants, lowers it into the well and turns on the vacuum pump.

The sludge pump begins to work, filling one of the tank compartments with waste waste. When the sludge compartment is filled, the water contained in the injected contaminants is clarified and slowly flows into the adjacent compartment intended for sludge water. At the same time, the driver controls its level.

Excess purification water deleted via drain pipe. As a rule, the complete pumping process is completed on average in half an hour. The sludge pump filled with contaminants is transported to the unloading site.

During transportation, silt deposits are stratified. Dense masses accumulate in the rear of the tank, and liquid in the front. Some models of suction pumps are equipped with pistons inside the tank, with the help of which sediment is pushed out. Due to such equipment, unloading of equipment occurs faster and allows for maximum cleaning. inner surface tanks.

The sludge pump is capable of pumping out not only sludge and waste from sewer systems, but also oil refinery products. Therefore, the service of this equipment is in demand in various industrial and construction sectors.

There are two options for ordering a sludge sucker. In the first case, the order of equipment is carried out one-time, that is, the sludge pump drives up to the pumping site, produces it and leaves. In the second option, the machine works for the customer for the entire work shift.

In a full range, both for enterprises/organizations and individuals. All work related to pumping, cleaning and removal of waste is carried out using special equipment, sucker video see his work on the page.

Our sewer trucks are based on MAZ, GAZ and ZIL trucks - these are domestic vehicles that have proven their excellent performance for many decades. Thanks to this special equipment and the equipment installed on it (pumps and tanks), the cleaning of storm drains and other treatment systems is reduced to a minimum.

Pumping, transportation and disposal of sewage is the main range of activities of our organization!

As you understand, human life and activity are not realistic without the production of waste - and their removal is an urgent task. Otherwise, the soil, air, water bodies and the surrounding space as a whole will be polluted and dirty. Moreover, stench and toxins pose a serious danger to the person himself.

The company "Otkachka Service" provides services in the North-East of Moscow and the region, in particular we serve the following cities: Sergiev Posad, Ivanteevka, Mytishchi, Shchelkovo, Korolev, Pushkino. Be it private houses, cottage villages, summer cottages, separate enterprises - we will take care of the sewage system for each customer! Sludge extractors, photographs of which can be seen on the pages of our website, will ensure that treatment facilities operate efficiently and for as long as possible.

The main thing is not to forget that the cleaning of pits, septic tanks, and toilets must be carried out systematically, only in this case can you count on their normal operation. And if you are interested in how suction pump working video- for your attention!

Sludge pump operation video