Good tool- a great help in any work, and a good construction level is necessary in any household(hang a mirror or cabinet) during renovation. And to build a bathhouse you will need at least two or three different levels. There are quite a few types of this instrument and each has its own characteristics.

Bubble levels are the most popular. Most likely, this is due to their not very high price and sufficient measurement accuracy. These instruments come in very different lengths - from several tens of centimeters to 3 meters. During construction or renovation, levels of several sizes are usually needed: short ones are convenient if you need to check compliance small areas, and long ones are irreplaceable, for example, when plastering works, when installing lathing under the lining in a bathhouse, etc.

Bubble levels have one, two or three transparent chambers with a scale filled with a liquid containing a bubble. The position of the bubble relative to the applied divisions determines the deviation from the vertical and horizontal. If the tool has only one camera, only horizontal surfaces can be controlled; if there are two cameras, vertical and horizontal. There are levels with three flasks. The third, if fixed, serves to determine the deviation from an angle of 45 degrees. But there are models with movable flasks that allow you to determine the deviation from the selected angle of inclination. These will be needed during the construction of the rafter system and some other work.

There are several modifications of bubble levels: some of them have magnets built into them and are convenient to fix on metal surfaces. Such levels are also called magnetic levels. There are special tools for masons and tilers: there are places where you can hit with a hammer, which is very convenient.

How to choose a bubble level

The price range for these instruments is quite wide. Definitely, it’s hardly worth buying the cheapest ones, unless you need them for one-time work. If you are facing construction or major renovations, you should choose one of the professional levels. Although they cost many times more, they will also last much longer: they have thick-walled cases, which are not so dangerous for shocks and falls, some are equipped with rubber linings that soften the blows. The stabila construction level has proven itself best. Kapro tools (the manufacturer gives a lifetime warranty on flasks) and Kraftool work well. These are probably the best building levels available on the market today. If we talk about the middle price category, then Zubr, Stayer and Matrix have proven themselves well.

When choosing a tool, pay attention to the mounting of the flasks: they shouldn't wobble. It is better if they are mounted tightly, without screws. At first glance, flasks reinforced with screws are good because they can be adjusted independently, but in practice such tools get lost very quickly, and you have to repeat the entire adjustment procedure again and again. In order to work comfortably with a level, you must clearly see the flask, the divisions on it and the position of the bubble. The farther apart the strips on the flask are, the more difficult it is to determine how much the bubble is displaced.

Important! Even after a slight drop, the bubble level can begin to “lie,” especially for cheap models. For this reason, check the level for accuracy directly in the store.

How to check the bubble level

To check the accuracy of the level, you need to place it on any horizontal surface (for example, on a store display), notice the place where it lies, and remember the position of the bubble. Turn the tool 180° (the part that was on the right should be on the left), install it in the same place and again look at the position of the bubble. If the readings match, the horizontal bulb is set correctly. Repeat a similar check for vertical plane(for example, on the wall). If the readings match there, you can buy this level. If there are deviations somewhere, ask for another one.

For details on checking the bubble level, watch the video.

Laser construction level

Laser building levels are the most modern and accurate, but also the most expensive. The most budget options cost the same (or more) as professional bubble levels. But this is a compact device that attaches to any surface and has a range of up to 100 meters. Laser levels allow you to perfectly align a straight line, some models have the function of sweeping direction in a plane, there are cross models with 2 or more (up to 10) lines, with which you can perform any work. Their only drawback is their high price.

The world leader in the production of laser levels is the German company Bosch - it produces a huge line of laser levels. TO compact models refer to the Bosch PPL5 model.

This device is quite compact, as you can see by watching the video.

The laser level can be mounted on the wall, and along the guide, tiles can be glued to the walls in a bathhouse or sauna.

If you are not a professional builder, there is no need to buy expensive levels, which include Bosch products. If you need a laser level only to build a single bathhouse, then you can easily buy a laser level in China. The price of this level on eBay is only 8-9 dollars, and delivery to Russia is free.

Chinese laser level with tape measure (click on the picture to enlarge)
The laser requires three coin-cell batteries to operate.

Water or hydro level

This tool is suitable for determining the presence of deviations in horizontal surfaces. They cannot check either verticals or planes located at an angle. The water level is a set of a hose (from 5 to 25 meters long) and two glass flasks with a scale printed on them.

Water is poured into this structure (be sure to pour water at room temperature and make sure that no bubbles form). You can draw a horizontal line by setting the same water levels in both flasks.

Water levels are convenient to use when working with large surfaces (for example, when laying foundations or piles), but they are inconvenient when working in small rooms. Their main disadvantage: sensitivity to temperature changes: you cannot check surfaces located at a distance of less than 1.5 meters from heating devices or other heat sources.

A huge advantage of water levels is that, if used correctly, you can perfectly measure the horizontal on large planes. For this reason, for marking, it is advisable to use a water level, and not a bubble level.

When purchasing a hydraulic level, check that there are no cracks in the plastic flasks.

Pipe levels

They work on the bubble principle, but are small in size and most often made in the form of a rectangle. Some models are foldable.

They are convenient to use when working with pipes or when laying profiles (some have corresponding holes and/or magnets to make them easier to attach).

There are many types of levels and their different modifications. The main thing is to determine for what purposes you will use them, and choose the most suitable option for them.

Level on Android

What progress has come... This is exactly what I want to say when you find out that you can now download and install a building-level program on a device running the Android operating system.

Building level program in a smartphone

Quite a few similar programs have already been created. a large number of, but there are not as many high-quality ones as you would like. One of the most popular levels for a smartphone is the program Bubble level, which can be installed by following this link https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.androgames.level&hl=ru.

The Bubble level program allows you to switch the type of level.

The Bubble level program allows you to switch the type of level

The smartphone navigates in space using its built-in camera. After installing the program, you need to calibrate the device by placing it on flat surface.

As you understand, the level for Android cannot be considered as a full-fledged tool for building a bathhouse. Although using such a level it will be quite possible to hang pictures evenly in the rest room.

conclusions

When building a bathhouse, as with any other construction, you cannot do without a building level. Since our site is designed for amateur builders, we dare to offer the following gentleman’s set:

1. Hydraulic level (required);
2. Bubble level (required);
3. Chinese laser level (you can get by).

This entire set can be purchased for just 1,000 rubles and will be enough for all types of work, from pouring the foundation to laying tiles.

When building a house, major or cosmetic repairs, assembling and installing furniture, one of the necessary tools is a construction level. It is this that allows you to clearly determine the deviation from a vertical or horizontal line. The construction products market is annually replenished with many models that differ in technical characteristics and operating principles. Having studied the rating of the best samples, everyone will be able to accurately determine the most suitable option for themselves.

Well-known companies producing building levels

Among the variety of offers from different companies DIYers and experienced builders have identified several brands that specialize in building-grade products. Their products have earned trust thanks to high quality assembly and the ability to determine precise parameters.

ADA

The company was founded back in 1889 and has been producing construction measuring devices from the very beginning. He has many patents and is considered one of the leaders in this field. The key advantage of the meters is that they start immediately when the rulers are extended, general ergonomics and price. The downside concerns electronic meters - many complain about weak batteries. And if this is not important for a home, then at a construction site or other large facility it is a serious problem.

Kapro

An Israeli company that in just 30 years was able to get into the TOP manufacturers of measuring devices. The products are distinguished by ergonomic solutions, original design, high level of quality and manufacturability.

BOSCH

A German concern with 130 years of experience in the development and production of a variety of equipment and tools. The company uses in the production of products innovative technologies, as a result of which the quality remains standard. In this case, measuring equipment produced for household and professional needs was no exception. All models are ergonomic, comfortable, small, with minimal error, designed for use in the most difficult conditions. It is clear that Bosch’s price is a priori high, but it’s worth it.

BISON

Domestic manufacturer construction equipment and tools. All products are made in accordance with ISO 9001 standards, which leaves no doubt about their reliability and durability. The stated error of the meters is up to 0.1°, which really corresponds to real indicators. Basically, ZUBR is criticized for its small assortment, but the quality, and most importantly the price, definitely deserve all praise.

VIDEO: How to check a laser level

The “TOP” laser levels included models that showed good performance in the following parameters:

• measurement range;
• type of body;
• accuracy;
• type of food;
• weight and dimensions.

In addition, the selection criteria should include consumer reviews, as well as technical indicators- self-leveling angle and number of rays.

Kapro 985D 60L

Professional, electronic type spirit level, equipped with a backlit digital screen and two Plumb Site capsules of polyacrylic type. The design provides for the presence of two milled surfaces, as well as built-in magnets. The tool has a length of 120 cm and is precisely calibrated.

The building magnetic level is distinguished by the presence of additional options in the form of a battery charge indicator, an automated function of turning the dial and nine-fold memory. There is a special hole for installing a tripod, and the package includes a convenient case for transportation and storage.

Main characteristics:

• length - 600 mm;
• weight - 1.1 kg;
• probable error - 0.1 mm/m;
• price - 6500-8800 rubles.

The measurement is in percentages, as well as degrees and the ratio of inches to feet. When an angle of 45° is formed, the device plays a sound signal, as in the horizontal or vertical state. As for the shortcomings of the Capro, there are examples with uneven application of the paintwork.

Bison "Expert"

Multifunctional electronic magnetic building level with the function of determining absolute zero, determination accuracy of 0.1 degrees. Made of durable material with increased wall thickness for long service life in harsh conditions. 2 high-precision (1 mm/m) measuring ampoules are made on precision equipment from impact-resistant acrylic.

Bison "Expert"

A serious advantage, according to reviews from builders, is the size, which usually fits into any pocket, the neat design of the case, durability - the accuracy of the measurement is not compromised after repeated falls and full automatic, which is especially convenient at construction sites. The price of the rule is 2795 rubles.

ADA ProLevel 40

Used to measure inclination angles of individual parts, vertical and horizontal planes. A fairly large digital electronic display allows you to view deviations from horizontal/vertical at a distance of up to 3 meters. Information about the level comes simultaneously from the built-in slope sensor (inclinometer) and built-in bubble indicators, that is, double control is obtained. At the same time, you can work separately - mechanical (bubble) and digital.

The base contains magnets so that it can be fixed on metal surfaces. Operating temperature from -20°C to +40°C, which allows you to cope equally effectively both indoors and outdoors. The price of the device is 2490 rubles.

The laser rule is characterized by its relatively small size, light weight and great functionality. Used, just like other varieties, for leveling various surfaces, How on construction sites, and in enclosed spaces

BOSCH GPL 5C

A professional measuring device will be a good assistant for every master when performing construction work. It stands out for its 30-meter operating range. In addition, the point unit is capable of building both vertical and horizontal straight lines, measuring angles and plumb lines.

The cost of a construction laser device is 7900-9000 rubles. Thanks to its small dimensions of 146x57x119 mm, the device fits easily in your hands. As for erroneous determination, there is a small probability of error of 0.1-0.2 mm/m.

The design includes a dust- and moisture-proof case, a reliable device, a cross-shaped sight and 2 threaded elements for a tripod of ¼ and 5/8 inches. The device is very convenient to use, as it is capable of reproducing up to 5 beams. It is also worth noting the automatic shutdown function when the laser level is not used for 20 minutes. This makes it possible to save energy.

Geo-Fennel Ecoline EL 168

The construction level has an affordable price, which is significantly lower than its analogues. The price of the model is only 1200 rubles, while its quality is not inferior at all. Such a unit can be used not only in domestic conditions, but also on construction sites.

Geo-Fennel Ecoline EL 168

The operating radius here reaches 20 m, and two ordinary batteries can provide energy for up to 24 hours. In addition, the model has compact dimensions, which makes it easy to use.

The design even has bubble building levels, this allows you to use the device when the batteries are low. The disadvantage of the device is that the measurement accuracy is not nominal, but this is fully justified by the cost.

ADA instruments PROLiner 2V

A laser level is a plane builder used to determine vertical and horizontal markings indoors and outdoors. The level projects a horizontal laser line of 140°. To construct vertical markings, 2 vertical laser lines are used, respectively. The ADA instruments PROLiner 4V model has 4 vertical laser lines.

ADA instruments PROLiner 2V

Using a plumb point and a laser cross on the ceiling anywhere in the room, you can transfer markings from the floor to the ceiling. It is convenient for construction suspended ceilings and development of spot lighting. The case is shockproof, measurement error up to 0.01°. The price of the laser device is 8990 rubles.

Before choosing a water level, it is recommended to use the rating of the most popular pocket, corner and traditional devices.

Stanley 0-42-130

A compact liquid device that can easily fit into your pocket. It has a monolithic plastic body, as well as a V-shaped metal base with two capsules of horizontal and vertical dimensions. The water levels are securely fixed in the grooves, which guarantees safe transportation or carrying on a belt.

Stanley 0-42-130

The case length is only 87 mm. If the capsules become dirty, their surface can be easily cleaned. If operating rules are followed, the tool will last a long time, guaranteeing high accuracy measurements. The cost of the building level is 690 rubles. The disadvantages of the model are the scrolling of the bubble controllers.

Kapro 340-08

The angular magnetic level allows you to calculate angular deviations. Two horizontal and one vertical sensors are built into the housing. The model is made of plastic material, equipped with four magnets and has a folding system similar to a book.

An elastic band is used for fastening to non-metallic elements. The device weighs only 200 grams, and the measurement error can be 0.5 mm/m. Capro 340-08 is sold at a price of 700-900 rubles.

The model is installed in 15o increments. The design does not lose its qualities with prolonged exposure ultraviolet rays. In practice, the building level works best; it is quite easy to carry, practical and reliable. There is only one drawback - when making a model, geometric accuracy is not always maintained.

Stabila 70 Mas 1411

This is a universal spirit level with a feature in the form of a measuring scale, which is printed on one of the planes. The design has two engines, with their help the required parameter is transferred, for example, to a wall. The reliable box-shaped case is equipped with sealed plugs made of plastic material on both sides.

Stabila 70 Mas 1411

The size of the model is 80 cm, the device weighs 400 g, and an error of 0.5 mm/m is allowed. The device is sold at a price of 1,500 rubles.

VIDEO: How to set beacons and form a 90 degree angle?

• LEVEL, -yay, m.

  1. Conventional horizontal line or plane that is the boundary height of something. A few minutes later, Zvonarev stood up to his full height, and his head was right at the level of the funnel. Stepanov, Port Arthur. At the same level as the tower, a cloud slowly, lazily crawled. M. Alekseev, Soldiers. || Height of standing water. The sea rose, its level was 9 feet above the levels of the highest tides. Herzen, On earthquakes. This high bank rises fifty fathoms above the level of the Rokhli [river]. Garshin, Bears.

  2. what or Which. The stage reached in development of something., qualitative state, degree of this development. Level of technology development. Pre-war production level. The level of well-being of the people. □ If you want to educate the people, raise the level of education in a civilized society. Pisarev, Realists. At consultations, he, Shelestova, is always amazed by his comrades low level knowledge. Chekhov, Intrigue.

  3. Device for checking the horizontal planes and measuring small corners tilt (in the form of a bar with an ampoule fixed in it, filled with alcohol or ether, with the exception of a small gas bubble); spirit level

  Sea level- the position of the free surface of the water of the seas and oceans, measured along a plumb line relative to the conventional origin.
  B level with what- in full accordance with smth. The young, vibrant part of society did not stop developing and constantly tried to keep up with modern requirements. Dobrolyubov, Literary trifles of last year.
  Be ( or be) at the level- meet, meet the requirements.

Source (printed version): Dictionary of the Russian language: In 4 volumes / RAS, Institute of Linguistics. research; Ed. A. P. Evgenieva. - 4th ed., erased. - M.: Rus. language; Polygraph resources, 1999;

Regular measurement and meticulous control are the basis of all areas of construction. If you need finishing or repairs perfect result, marking and checking the geometry of structures is mandatory. A normal owner will not hang a shelf or install a washing machine without measuring and control manipulations. They are carried out using building levels used to maintain horizontal and vertical directions. These are devices and devices that vary in complexity, cost, and purpose. For the home handyman you should know which building level is better, what will be useful or may not be needed on the farm.

The ancestors of building levels were a spirit level and a plumb line, used by builders for marking and control since ancient times. A plumb line is used to determine verticals, and a spirit level - horizontals.

The principle of operation of old simple devices is closely related to the law universal gravity. Most main element The simplest devices are a heavy steel blank with a cone-shaped tip. Under the influence of gravity metal part steadily strives downward, repeating the vertical line without the slightest error. Actually, the blank is a plumb line that is simply hung on a cord or fishing line if it is necessary to find or check the vertical direction.

In a spirit level, a plumb line is attached to the top of an equilateral triangle or to the highest point of the structure, shaped like an inverted letter T. Its own weight causes the blank to rush down, thereby clearly marking the vertical line. The device is applied with its base to the surface being tested. If the plumb line of the spirit level is not located exactly in the middle, i.e. does not repeat the central axis, then the surface cannot be considered horizontal.,

All types of building levels used today in construction perform similar functions. They are used for marking structures before pouring screed, leveling and plastering walls, and before installing plasterboard and suspended ceilings. Marking and checking devices are necessary when producing plumbing and window systems.

By functional purpose Representatives of the family of building levels are divided into two groups:

• Devices used for control. With their help, they check the quality of masonry, the horizontal and verticality of constructed surfaces, mounted systems, communications, and devices. The control group includes bubble building levels, often called spirit levels after their immediate predecessors.
• Devices used for marking. With their help, the position of points relative to horizontals and verticals is determined, and the contours of the created surfaces are drawn. This group includes the simplest water levels, plumb lines, and a more complex and high-precision category - laser devices.

There is no universal building level. For example, in marking, the bubble type is a very weak assistant, although a number of models have rulers with a millimeter scale. Its purpose is to display deviations from the horizontal. There is only one working edge, the other three are auxiliary: there is no point in applying them to any surfaces.

A primitive plumb line can be used for both layout and control, but only for vertical lines. It is best to mark the site with a laser level. True, the cost makes you think about the advisability of purchasing an expensive device for a single job.

An antediluvian water level is indispensable if you need to mark points at the same height in rooms separated by partitions. Before purchasing these devices and accessories, you should think carefully about the intensity of use and the rationality of costs. You need to weigh what tools you need to purchase and what is cheaper to rent.

In any case, you need to know exactly how to choose a building level and clearly understand the scope of its application.

Bubble building levels

In the name of a simple control device, in addition to the “bubble” definition, “alcohol” or “oil” can equally appear. Depending on the shape of the body, people call them “box-shaped” or “rail-shaped”. It is a bar or rail with built-in ampoules filled mainly with liquid and partly with air.

The body is most often metal, less often plastic, but outdated wooden versions are also found. Among the body materials, metal is the priority, because... polymers are not heavy enough and resistant to deformation, and wood products require increased attention, regular monitoring of readings and scrupulous care.

Regardless of the name, the operating principle of bubble levels is the same. It is based on the difference specific gravity liquids and gases, as well as the inability of substances with different states of aggregation to mix. Simply put, no matter what position the building level takes, a light air bubble will invariably end up at the top of a vessel slightly curved in the same direction. If it is installed exactly in the middle, then the surface is perfectly horizontal.

The volume of the bubble does not change; this is prevented by the hermetically sealed ampoule-flask. It will not disintegrate into several components, because the liquid will constantly push the air upward and group its scattered molecules into a single formation. To make sure, shake a tightly sealed jar of water. The small bubbles that appear in it will soon disappear, and the distance between the lid and the surface of the liquid will remain the same.

Classification by functional purpose

The number of built-in flasks determines the functionality of the building-level model, because the devices:

• With one ampoule in the center of the working edge to search for deviations in the horizontal direction;
• With two ampoules: a central flask for checking horizontal lines and a side flask for checking vertical planes and lines;
• With three ampoules, two of which, by analogy, are designed to check verticals and horizontals, and the third is used to control inclined lines and planes.

The third variety with three control flasks is universal. However, if the level is purchased only in order to properly fill the screed or, in the third control device there is no reasoned need. It is in demand mainly in the construction of roofs and in the construction of stairs.

The sealed flask is filled with an alcohol or oil solution, the freezing point of which is significantly lower than that of ordinary water. Therefore, it became possible to work with a bubble building level at subzero temperatures. Solutions are tinted for brightness of perception. They are distinguished by less fluidity than water, due to which the air bubble in the flask moves with agility sufficient for a calm visual fixation of its position.

Convenience and extras from manufacturers

The building-grade body comes in a regular rectangular or T-section. The shape of the body does not affect the result of the readings at all, but it can be convenient or inconvenient for a particular human hand. Determining the ergonomics of a device is a purely personal matter, but it is advisable to test it before purchasing it. To test for convenience, you simply need to hold the instrument in your hands and compare several options.

Among the options offered by manufacturers to facilitate work with the building level:

• A magnifying lens that allows you to read instrument readings without strain;
• Introduction of fluorescent components into the liquid to make it possible to read readings in low light conditions;
• Rubberized grip-type openings for improved ease of use;
• Magnetic inserts on the edge applied to the surface being tested for fixation on metal structures;
• Rulers that allow you to simultaneously control geometric parameters while checking verticals and horizontals.

Models of building levels are produced with or without the listed additions. Nevertheless, the main convenience is rightfully recognized as the size of the ampoules, the pleasant brightness of the liquid and the clarity of the scale.

Those wishing to buy a level with useful options should consider using them. They will certainly increase the price of the instrument. Is it reasonable to overpay for something that is absolutely not necessary to solve already set or just planned tasks?

Consideration of application prospects

Rack and pinion control devices are now available in in electronic format, however, the demand for regular bubbles has not fallen at all. Simplicity is captivating. After all, it has been proven by practice that the simpler the device, the more reliable and longer it serves the owner.

A simple device is easier to learn, maintenance is not difficult, and it almost never requires expensive repairs.

To perform various control operations, levels are produced in lengths from 0.4 m to 2.5 m. Depending on the brand, the spread may be in both directions from the specified limits. When thinking about the question of which construction level of the bubble group is best to choose for domestic needs, you need to focus on your own needs and real prospects.

Please note that devices:

• Lengths from 2 m or more are intended for checking the planes of floors and walls, for checking the quality of screeds, and leveling with plaster;
• Lengths ranging from 1 to 2 m are used to check evenness brickwork, geometric data of suspended and suspended ceilings;
• Lengths ranging from 0.4 to 1 m are suitable for arranging window and doorways, for installing and hanging a variety of household appliances, for performing various finishing and repair operations.

Do not forget that the storage location for building levels over 2 m in length must be taken care of in advance. We remember that the error of long devices is much less than that of their short counterparts.

Noteworthy Aspects

It was not for nothing that the simplicity of the design inspired the counterfeit sculptors with vague thoughts about the possibility of serial production of counterfeits. Checking the documents for products before purchasing will save you from offensive mistakes and from buying “left” devices.

Products domestic producers must comply with the GOST 9416-83 protocol, devices from foreign manufacturers must comply with ISO 9001 regulations.

In addition to checking technical documents The buyer of the bubble building level needs:

• Thoroughly examine the condition of the main elements of the device - ampoules with liquid;
• Decide on the size of the devices and the color of the liquid;
• Inspect the fastenings. There are models on sale whose flasks are secured with adjusting screws. Whether they are needed or not is a controversial issue. According to experts, levels should not be adjusted independently. The result of the efforts of ignorant people is too dubious.
• Examine the clarity of the metric scale and protractor divisions, if there is an ampoule for monitoring angular directions;
• Test ergonomics, i.e. hold in hands;
• Examine the condition of the body.
• Check the accuracy of the readings.

Most specialized stores have stands with a perfectly horizontal surface.

Let's say you buy a level in a newly opened point of sale or in the online store. IN similar situations The accuracy of the readings of the control device is checked as follows:

• We'll find horizontal platform, on which the tested level can freely fit. Without instrumental definitions, it should appear almost flat;
• We apply the tool to the surface. Using a marker or pencil, we outline the outline of the corners so that the level can be put back in the same place.
• We fix and remember the position of the bubble. We note how much he deviated from the risk.
• We turn the level 180º and set it according to the marks made earlier.
• We fix the position of the bubble. If he took a similar position, there was no doubt about the accuracy of the device. If not, check a couple more devices.

The ampoule responsible for the verticals is checked using an identical method, but on a vertical plane. There is also a popular method of applying two spirit levels to each other with their working edges. According to this method, the position of the bubbles must be the same, otherwise one of the devices is blatantly lying.

There are also tips according to which to check rack and pinion device the horizontal line is marked with a water level or a laser level, the principle of operation of which should also be studied.

The simplest water level

The device consists of two equal-volume flasks connected to each other by a flexible thin hose. Used in markup horizontal lines, if the breakdown needs to be done in different rooms or over long distances. Those. where the use of a laser level is impossible, unprofitable or pointless.

The principle of operation of an elementary device is based on the law of communicating vessels. The water level in both communicating vessels will always be at the same absolute level, for fixing which on the flasks there are risks.

The use of a water device allows you to correctly mark horizontal lines regardless of the actual position of the surfaces of the floor, ceiling, parapet, etc. No digital device has yet been able to replace it. Note that the water level sets off a reference horizon, from which the heights designated by the project are then laid off. It is not used to directly mark future planes formed by a suspended ceiling, joists or installation points for plumbing fixtures, etc.

To mark the water level, we will invite an assistant, we will proceed as follows:

• We mark an arbitrary point on the wall at a distance from the floor convenient for marking;
• We apply one of the flasks to the point, fix and remember at what point the water level is established;
• We send an assistant to the desired point. By moving his flask up/down along the wall, he must find a position in which the water level will be at the same level.

Significant advantages of the device: low cost, simple operation and accuracy. Disadvantages: inability to carry out breakdown at subzero temperatures, limited use, need to wait until the level is established in both flasks.

Advanced laser devices

Buying a laser level for use at home is considered unprofitable. Why do you need an expensive device if the markings can be done using a water level and a ruler? However, for owners who have decided to seriously equip their country estates, a laser device will certainly come in handy. It will help to break down open areas and indoor spaces, ensure the accuracy of vertical and horizontal lines, and, if necessary, mark entire planes in the space being processed.

Various models of laser devices are used in construction: from compact pocket devices with a built-in laser pointer to highly complex multi-prism devices that allow marking in three mutually perpendicular planes.

The miniature version is ideal for everyday household needs and cosmetic repairs. To carry out in-depth redevelopment, fundamental leveling of surfaces, and laying pipelines, it is advisable to acquire a serious laser level installed in a stationary position on a tripod or on a wall bracket.

Most lasers used in construction target only verticals and horizontals. Some new modifications are equipped with a function for breaking out inclined lines, required when constructing stairs, for example. Instructions for use are simple; manufacturers include with the device detailed description. Optimal color laser beam is considered green, because it does not irritate the eyes, and is also perfectly readable in a brightly lit room and in an open area in sunny weather.

Videos with a detailed explanation of how to correctly choose the right device will help to finally clarify the issue.

Overview of bubble type devices:

Checking the accuracy of the bubble level:

Analysis of compact laser levels:

Let's summarize. A rack-type building level with bubble “sensors” is not used for marking. With its help, the horizon and verticals of constructed and restored structures are checked. The breakdown of the premises and construction site is carried out using laser devices. If the laser is not affordable, marking is done with the good old plumb line paired with a water level. There is no universal device; each of them performs its own functions.

The bubble level is an indispensable tool for performing various types of construction and repair work. This device helps to create straight lines in any plane, check the required slope or angles. The ancestors of building levels are plumb lines and spirit levels, the functions of which they essentially perform. Levels are indispensable when laying pipes and various surfaces that require an angle of inclination. They are used during the installation of equipment that vibrates during operation and is demanding on the evenness of the installation surface. The installation of sewer pipes or steps is also not complete without of this instrument. Construction levels are in the arsenal of any master and are necessary thing on the farm, therefore it is important to know how to choose the right building level.

Bubble level design

The building bubble level is a fairly simple but functional design. It is based on a plank made of hard material, in which a certain number of ampoules with air are installed. Measuring marks are applied to the ampoule, which determine the position of the air inside it. It is this indicator that is the key to the level’s operation. When the bubble is located exactly in the middle, this means that the surface is perfectly flat. To check inclined surfaces, use the air deflection indicator relative to the center of the ampoule.

The main and most important part of the level is an ampoule with liquid in which air floats. If the integrity of this part is compromised, the entire device is considered unusable. The filling of the ampoule is most often industrial alcohol. For ease of use, manufacturers modify the level; some models are equipped with a lens that allows the worker to better see the bubble. To work in the dark, fluorescent additives are added to the liquid, which help to use the device with their glow without additional lighting. In such improved models, the ampoule with all the additives is called an eye.

Shockproof models have become quite popular. While working on a construction site or when transporting the device, unpleasant incidents often occur - falls, shakes, mechanical damage that disable the level. Long modifications are especially prone to breakage, since their size increases the likelihood of falling and makes the impact force greater than that of models with a short frame. To this level construction price slightly higher than regular models. However, buying a shockproof device is still more profitable than regularly replacing damaged ones with new ones.

The foundation is no less important in the entire structure. It consists of wooden, plastic or aluminum strips. Wooden planks are made solid, aluminum or plastic are made hollow. The most common levels are those with an aluminum base. When choosing a device, pay attention to its weight, since the heavier the device, the better its readings. Practitioners distinguish among all modifications the cross-shaped design with rubber handles. They call these levels the most convenient and accurate. To work with metal surfaces, it is recommended to use devices equipped with magnets. Another optional, but convenient addition is a ruler on long side level. This modification will help when carrying out measuring work and will eliminate the need to carry a ruler or tape measure.

The simplest and most primitive level model has only one measuring ampoule. But such modifications are quite difficult to find in a modern store. Manufacturers offer a wider range of levels with two or three ampoules. One of the containers is located on the long wide side and is designed to work in a horizontal plane. The second container is located on the narrow short side of the device, perpendicular to the first. It is designed to work in a vertical plane. If there is another container on the bar, then it is also located on the narrow part, but with reverse side. It is attached at an angle of 45°, and the purpose of this ampoule is to control the operation of the device.

Manufacturers offer bubble levels not only in different modifications, but also in different lengths. The shortest standard model has a long part of 20 cm, the longest - 3-4 m. This indicator determines the functional purpose of the level. To install various household appliances and perform simple repair tasks in a private house or apartment, it is enough to use small levels. When laying tiles or working with various finishing materials of this type The optimal length is from 40 cm to 1 m. Long construction levels are professional, used when carrying out large construction and repair work. Experts note that the longer the level, the more accurate its readings.

What to look for when buying a bubble level

Building levels are one of the most popular products among manufacturers of cheap and low-quality products. Since this product is used not only by professional builders who know exactly what they need, but also by ordinary people. The technology for making a building level is not so complicated, but it requires precision and use quality materials so that the device works properly. Unfortunately, manufacturers of fakes and low-quality goods take advantage of the ignorance of people unqualified in construction matters and offer low-quality products, the readings of which are not accurate. Trademarks that have already proven themselves as responsible manufacturers of building levels:

• Kapro

• Stabila
• Ermak
• Bosch
• Gross Laser
• Shark (Israel)
• Leader

But, even focusing on these names, it is not always possible to buy a high-quality and durable building level. You need to know some of the nuances of choosing this device, and also be able to determine required model so as not to overpay extra money for professional level in the event that it is needed only for small household work.

• To begin with, determine the required length of the tool. To do this, determine the goals and objectives that are set for him. For finishing works and when leveling surfaces, you will need a long device. For small ones decorative works- installation of hanging furniture, shelves, switches, paintings will suffice at a small or medium size level. The most optimal option for use in domestic conditions is a level 50-60 cm long.

• During selection, carefully inspect all glass elements of the device. It's about about air containers that perform the main function. First of all, they must be intact and have no traces of mechanical impact. Next, the strength of their fastening is checked; these parts are fixed tightly and should not wobble or unscrew. There are models with the ability to adjust the containers; the presence of this function is a very controversial point. On the one hand, the adjustment allows you to adjust the failed level, on the other hand, it makes the device more vulnerable to shocks and mechanical stress. Professional builders recommend purchasing levels with rigid fixation of all containers.
• After inspecting the fixation of the flask, pay attention to the air itself in it and the strips applied to the surface. All these elements should be clearly visible and located close to each other. The best option is the location of the control strips inside the vial, and not on it outer surface. Since with active use these marks will quickly be erased.
• The next important factor is the material of the base of the level. Whether it is made of wood, plastic or metal, it should be heavy and durable. Models with stiffening ribs located inside are optimal. Overall design and external design levels vary for each manufacturer, but this aspect does not affect the accuracy of the device itself.
• After an external inspection of the level, it must be checked. Specialized stores should always have a stand for testing the device, which has a perfectly flat surface. But even if there is no such stand, it is not difficult to check the level in any other place. To do this, place it in a horizontal plane and mark the position of the air bubble. Even if it deviates from the center, it’s not scary, since that’s not the point of this test. Then the level is raised, turned 180° and placed exactly in the same place. In this case, the position of the bubble should be at the same mark. If so, then the device is working properly.
• The accuracy of reading a flat plane is impossible without the presence of a verified surface. But in this situation, it is enough to save the receipt for the goods and then check the level readings using other instruments. For example, for this they use a level or a laser level, or a bubble level, which has already proven its performance. These checks must be carried out even with branded and expensive items, since during transportation they are often violated specifications and device readings.

How to set up a bubble level

Adjusting the bubble level is only possible if you have a model with unfixed containers. The process of setting the level is quite simple:

• The straightest wall in the room is determined; this section should be at eye level, with the corner located on the left side.

• Stepping back about 4 cm from the corner, drive a nail or tighten a self-tapping screw. Do this not completely, but so that 2-3 cm remains on the surface.
• The device is placed on one side of the nail and leaned against the wall, and then adjusted so that the air in the container shows a flat surface. A line is drawn along the edge of the level on the wall.
• Turn the device over and repeat the procedure.

The correct setting is checked by the drawn lines; if they do not go beyond each other, then the device is functioning properly and its readings are accurate. If the drawn marks diverge, then you must proceed as follows:

• WITH right side, where the marks end, mark the central point between them.
• The device is placed again on the nail, and the other end is applied to the marked point.
• For convenience, screw another screw into the mark or simply hold the level with your hand.
• In a fixed position, adjust the container with liquid to the required position.

The container is adjusted in the same way for working in a vertical plane, only the level is pressed against the nail with the long side.

How to use a bubble level

When working with a building level, it is important to remember that this device has a working surface with which it is applied to the control area. This area features a raw edge or magnetic insert. On some models, differences between work surface and no other edges. If you touch the device with the other side during use, it will not harm it, but the measurement accuracy will decrease. The level is never placed sideways; all measurements made in this way are incorrect, since, in fact, a non-existent surface is being measured.

To work in a horizontal plane, focus on the container on the long side of the level. The device is applied to the surface and a line is marked where the air is exactly in the center of the ampoule. If there is a deviation to the left, then lower the left edge of the frame slightly or raise the right one. The same applies to deviations to the right.

To work in a vertical plane, focus on the container in the narrow edge of the device. For example, if it is necessary to check the quality of the wall finish, then the device is applied to it with the container facing up. If the air is moving away from the wall, there is a convex bump underneath. If the air moves towards the wall, then it is necessary to add a little volume below the level.