We have put together a Spanish phrasebook for tourists so that you can use simple word combinations to form a simple question and understand a simple answer. With our phrasebook, you will not be able to participate in a philosophical discussion or discuss an event.
In our Russian-Spanish phrasebook for tourists, we have collected the words and expressions that we used ourselves. Only what is needed for communication.
Hasta la vista, baby!
I must say right away that Galya and I do not speak Spanish, only spoken English... But before the trip, as always, we learned phrases that help simple communications. By the way, you can study the course "Fast Entry into Spanish" and already to Spain to fly prepared.
We knew something, of course. Among such well-known phrases were the famous words: "Hasta la vista, baby" By naivety, we believed that this was a common farewell. Many Spanish phrasebooks we found on the Internet reported that “Hasta la vista” is “goodbye”.
Naturally, we applied our “knowledge of Spanish at the first opportunity. Imagine our amazement when the owner of the house in Santander, where we booked a pretty room on the second floor, turned pale and worried. We were going for a walk around the city and said goodbye to him in the known way - "Hasta la vista". Naturally, instead of "baby" we inserted his name.
Having decided that our pronunciation was not clear enough, we once again said goodbye. This time more clearly and loudly, so that the Spaniard understands us for sure.
He was stunned and began to ask what we didn’t like in his house. I had to resort to the application described above.
We soon learned that we were saying goodbye to the owner forever. He decided that we would never return ...
Conclusion: the Spaniards almost never use this phrase. So much for "goodbye"! Just say: "Adios!" And, of course, smile)
Another useful word that we often hear from the Spaniards when we asked how to get to a boring place for us is “rotonda”.
Rotunda is a place on the road where a circular turn is made. In our country, intersections are more common, and in Spain - roundabouts (thus they get rid of unnecessary traffic lights). Naturally, it is more convenient to indicate the direction in which Galya and I are moving from some point. In 80% it was a rotunda (circle).
I must say that even with a city map in hand, it is not easy to navigate in Spain, because they very rarely write street names on their houses. The most convenient in this regard is Germany. In Germany, street names on each pole and with directions.
Check . You need to know at least a little the names of the numbers. In this case, it is better to have a notebook and a pen on hand. When you buy something, calmly ask to write down the cost in a notebook.
The phrase “speak slowly, I don't understand Spanish well” helps.
Another personal observation. In Russia, we often turn to strangers with the words: "Sorry, ... or Excuse me, please, how to get through ..." For example, on the street. "Por favor (please, in our sense," excuse me please), and then the question - how to get to Torres street (for example).
We noticed that almost all Spaniards exclaim "¡Hola!" (Ola). But the beggars and beggars, just when they turn, pronounce "porfavor". Maybe Galya and I came across such polite beggars, maybe we were just lucky and this was an accident, but we decided to pronounce the word "por favor" in specific situations- in a store or in person, already in the process of communication, and on the street address people with a greeting “¡Hola!” But this is exclusively our observation.
Friends, now we are in Telegram: our channel about Europe, our channel about Asia... Welcome)
How to learn Spanish in a week
We recently found a funny video showing how you can learn Spanish in a week. The results are amazing!
Russian Spanish phrasebook for tourists
Required words
Spanish greetings
| Hey! | hola | ola |
| Good morning | buenos días | Buenos dias |
| good day | buen día | Buen dia |
| good evening | Buenas tardes | Buenas tardes |
| Good night | buenas noches | buenas noches |
| Bye see you) | adiós | adyos |
| See you later | hasta luego | asta luego |
| How are you doing? | como esta usted? | como esta usted? |
| Excellent (excellent). And you? | Muy bien. Y usted? | Mui bien. And usted? |
Difficulties in understanding
| I do not understand | No comprendo | But komprendo |
| I'm lost | Me he perdido | Mae erdido |
| I understand | Comprendo | Komprendo |
| You understand? | ¿Comprende usted? | Komprenda usted? |
| May I ask you? | ¿Le puedo preguntar? | Le puedo preguntar? |
| Can you speak slowly? | ¿Podria usted hablar más despacio? | Podria usted ablar mas despasio? Mas-despasio, porfavor (short version). |
| Repeat please | Repitan por favor | Rapitan Por Favor |
| Can you write this? | ¿Me lo puede escribir? | Mae le puede eskrivir? |
In the town
| Railway station / station | La estacion de trenes | La estación de tranés |
| Bus station | La estacion de autobuses | La estation de autobuses |
| Tourist office or tourist information | La oficina de turismo | La Officeina de Turismo or Tourist Information |
| City Hall / Town Hall | El ayuntamiento | El Ayuntamiento |
| Library | La biblioteca | La biblioteca |
| The park | El parque | El park |
| Garden | El jardin | El Hardin |
| City wall | La muralla | La muraya |
| Tower | La torre | La torre |
| The street | La calle | La caye |
| Square | La plaza | La plaza |
| Monastery | El monasterio / el convento | El monasterio / el combinto |
| House | La casa | La casa |
| Castle | El palacio | El palaio |
| Lock | El castillo | El Castillo |
| Museum | El museo | El Musseo |
| Basilica | La basilica | La basilica |
| Art Gallery | El museo del arte | El Musseo Delarte |
| The cathedral | La catedral | La cathedral |
| Church | La iglesia | La iglesia |
| Tobacconist's | Los tabacos | Los tabacos |
| Tourist agency | La agencia de viajes | La-ahensya de-vyahes |
| Shoe store | La zapateria | La Zapateria |
| Supermarket | El supermercado | El SuperMercado |
| Hypermarket | El hipermercado | El Ipermercado |
| Market | El mercado | El mercado |
| Salon | La peluqueria | La Paluqueria |
| How much are the tickets? | Cuanto valen las entradas? | Quanto valen las entradas? |
| Where can you buy tickets? | Donde se puede comprar entradas? | Donde se puede comprar entradas? |
| When does the museum open? | Cuando se abre el museo? | Kuando se abre el musseo? |
| Where is? | Donde esta? | Donde esta? |
Taxi
| Where can I get a taxi? | Donde puedo tomar un taxi? | Dongdae puedo tomar un taxi |
| What's the tariff to ...? | Cuanto es la tarifa a ...? | Quanto es la tarifa a ... |
| Take me to this address | Lleveme a estas senas | Lieveme a estas senias |
| Take me to the airport | Lleveme al aeropuerto | Lieveme al aeroperto |
| Take me to the train station | Lleveme a la estacion de ferrocarril | Lieveme a la estacien de ferrocarril |
| Take me to the hotel | Lleveme al hotel ... | Leweme al hotel |
| Near / close | Cerca | Sirka |
| Long away | Lejos | Lejos |
| Straight | Todo recto | Todo-rrekto |
| Left | a la izquierda | A la isquierda |
| Right | a la derecha | A la derecha |
| Stop here please | Pare aqui, por favor | Pare aki por favor |
| Could you wait for me? | Puede esperarme, por favor | Puede esperarme porfavor |
Hotel
| 2 (3, 4, 5-) stars | De dos (tres, cuatro, cinco) estrellas) | De dos (tras, cuatro, cinco) estrayas |
| Hotel | El hotel | El Otel |
| I have reserved a room | Tengo una habitacion reservada | Tengo una-abitacion rresarwada |
| Key | La llave | La yave |
| Receptionist | El botones | El botones |
| Square / Palace View | Habitacion que da a la plaza / al palacio | Abitation ke da a la plaza / al palaio |
| Courtyard room | Habitacion que da al patio | Abitation ke da al-patjo |
| Room with bath | Habitacion con bano | Abitacion con bagno |
| Single Room | Habitacion individual | Abitation individual |
| Double Room | Habitacion con dos camas | Abitacion con dos camas |
| With double bed | Con cama de matrimonio | Concam de matrimono |
| Two bedroom suite | Habitacion doble | Abitation doble |
| Do you have a free number? | Tienen una habitacion libre? | Tienen unabitasion libre? |
Shopping / requests
| Could you give it to me? | Puede darme esto? | Puede darme esto |
| Could you show me this? | Puede usted ensenarme esto? | Puede usted ensenyarme esto |
| Could you help me? | Puede usted ayudarme? | Puede usted ayudarme |
| I would like to... | Quisiera ... | Kisiera |
| Give it to me please | Demelo, por favor | Damelo Por Favor |
| Show it to me | Ensenemelo | Ensenemelo |
| How much is it? | Cuanto cuesta esto? | Quanto questa esto |
| How much is? | Cuanto es? | Quanto es |
| Too expensive | Muy caro | Mui karo |
| Sale | Rebajas | Rebahas |
| Can I try it on? | Puedo probarmelo? | Puedo probarmelo |
Restaurant / cafe / grocery store
Order / Menu
| Dish of the day | El plato del dia | El plateau del dia |
| Complex lunch | Menu del dia | Mainu del dia |
| Menu | La carta / el menu | La carte / el man |
| Waiter / ka | Camarero / camarera | Camarero / Camarera |
| I am a vegetarian | Soy vegetariano | Soi vehetaryano. |
| I want to book a table. | Quiero reservar una mesa | Kiero rresarvar una-mesa. |
| Do you have a table for two (three, four) people? | Tienen una mesa para dos (tres, cuatro) personas? | Tienen unamesa para-dos (tras, kuatro) personas? |
| The check, please. | La cuenta, por favor | La cuente, port favor |
| Wine list | La carta de vinos | La carte de vinos |
| Beverages | Bebidas | Babidas |
| Snacks | Los entremeses | Los entremes |
| Tapas / Snacks (National) | Tapas | Tapas |
| Breakfast | El desayuno | El Desayuno |
| Dinner | La comida / el almuerzo | La comida / el almuerso |
| First course | El primer plato | El primair plateau |
| Soup | Sopa | Sopa |
| Dinner | La cena | La Sena |
| Dessert | El postre | El postre |
Beverages
| Coffee | Cafe | Cafe |
| Tea | Te | Tae |
| Water | Agua | Agua |
| Wine | Vino | Wine |
| Red wine | Vino tinto | Tinto wine |
| Pink wine | Vino rosado | Rrosado wine |
| White wine | Vino blanco | Blanco wine |
| Sherry | Jerez | Heres |
| Beer | Cerveza | Servesa |
| Orange juice | Zumo de naranja | Sumo de naranha |
| Milk | Leche | Leche |
| Sugar | Azucar | Asukar |
Dishes
| Meat | Carne | Carne |
| Veal | Ternera | Ternara |
| Pork | Cerdo | Cerdo |
| Semi-fried | Poco hecho | Poco Echo |
| Well done | Muy hecho | Mui-echo |
| Vegetable stew | Menestra | Menestra |
| Paella | Paella | Paella |
| Cake / pie | Tarta | Tart |
| Cake (s) | Pastel / pasteles | Pastel / pastels |
| Ice cream | Helado | Elado |
Products
| Bread | Pan | Pan |
| Toast (fried crispbread) | Tostadas | Tostadas |
| Egg | Huevo | Huevo |
| Butter | Mantequilla | Mantekiya |
| Cheese | Queso | Caso |
| Sausages | Salchichas | Salchichas |
| Smoked ham | Jamon serrano | Jamon serrano |
| Apple (s) | Manzana / manzanas | Manzana / Manzanas |
| Orange (s) | Naranja / naranjas | Naranja / Naranjas |
| Lemon | Limon | Lemon |
| Fruit / Fruit | Fruta / frutas | Fruit |
| Dried fruits | Frutos secos | Frutos sekos |
| Meat | Carne | Carne |
| Veal | Ternera | Ternara |
| Sauce | Salsa | Salsa |
| Vinegar | Vinagre | Vinagre |
| Salt | Sal | Sal |
| Sugar | Azucar | Asukar |
Seafood
Tableware
Useful words
| Good | Bueno | Bueno |
| Bad | Malo | Few |
| Enough / Enough | Bastante | Bastante, you can add the word - finita |
| Cold | Frio | Frio |
| Hot | Caliente | Caliente |
| Little | Pequeno | Pakenyo |
| Big | Grande | Grande |
| What? | Que? | Ke? |
| There | Alli | Ayy |
| Elevator | Ascensor | Assessor |
| Toilet | Servicio | Serviceio |
| Closed / closed | Cerrado | Cerrado |
| Open / open | Abierto | Avierto |
| No smoking | Prohibido fumar | Provido fumar |
| entrance | Entrada | Entrada |
| Exit | Salida | Salida |
| Why? | Por que? | Whipping? |
Check
Just in case, you should have a notebook on hand and write down the numbers, especially when it comes to payment. Write the amount, show, specify.
You can clarify the numbers with the words:
| zero | cero | sero |
| one | uno | uno |
| two | dos | dos |
| three | tres | tras |
| four | cuatro | quattro |
| five | cinco | cinco |
| six | seis | seis |
| seven | siete | shiethe |
| eight | ocho | ocho |
| nine | nueve | nueve |
| ten | diez | ten |
So, your hotel room can be called not 405 (four hundred and five), but by numbers: quattro, sero, cinco. They will understand you.
Dates and Times
| When? | Cuando? | Kuando? |
| Tomorrow | Manana | Manyana |
| Today | Hoy | Ouch |
| Yesterday | Ayer | Iyer |
| Late | Tardet | Arde |
| Early | Temprano | Temprano |
| Morning | La manana | La Magnana |
| Evening | La tarde | La tarde |
Emergencies
| Call the fire department! | Llame a los bomberos! | Yame a los bomberos! |
| Call the police! | Llame a la policia! | Yame a-lapolisia! |
| Call an ambulance! | Llame a una ambulancia! | Yame a-unambulansya! |
| Call a doctor! | Llame a un medico! | Yame a-umediko |
| Help! | Socorro! | Socorro! |
| Stop! (Stop!) | Pare! | Pare! |
| Pharmacy | Farmacia | Pharmacy |
| Doctor | Medico | Medico |
Example of a dialogue in Spanish
Of course, during a conversation it is inconvenient to go into a phrasebook and read. Some of the words are worth learning. You can prepare questions in a notebook. As a last resort, you can point your finger at the printed phrasebook.
Here is an example of a dialogue made up of this phrasebook:
- Ola (greeting)
- Me he perdido (I'm lost). Puede usted ayudarme? (could you help me?) Donde esta? (where is) La calle (street)…. Torres?
With this phrasebook, you asked a question. Now the most important thing begins: you need to understand the answer.
1. Show the city map
2. If there is no card, take a notepad and a pen
3. Please do not hesitate to:
- ¿Podria usted hablar más despacio? (can you speak slowly). No comprendo! (I do not understand). Repitan por favor (please repeat). ¿Me lo puede escribir? (Can you write it? In our case, draw it).
1. Ask and clarify:
- Lejos (far away?) Todo recto (straight ahead?) A la izquierda (left?) A la derecha (right?)
2. Watch your hands and facial expressions
3. At the end, do not forget to say:
- Muchas gracias (thanks a lot). Adiós (goodbye!)
Before the trip to Spain, Galya and I watched the lessons
« Polyglot. Spanish from scratch in 16 hours "(Channel" Culture ")
Sincerely,
No matter how widespread throughout the world English is, practice shows that in a large number cases, you need to know at least the basics of the Spanish language, when a person goes on a business trip or as a tourist in Today, master the basics of any foreign language you can either independently or after completing targeted courses. For example, a Spanish for tourists course involves learning the basics of this Romanesque language, and also includes basic phrases that are most often useful to tourists.
The importance of knowing the basics of Spanish
When a person travels to another country, he gets a huge amount of new emotions and impressions, learns about new places, about the way of life of foreigners, in a word, about a new culture. Such knowledge will not be complete and vivid if he knows absolutely nothing about the language spoken by the inhabitants of this country. In addition, situations will often arise when a tourist needs to find out any information, for example, how to get to a specific hotel, but he will have problems, since the inhabitants of all Spanish-speaking countries, in comparison with the population of developed European countries, have an extremely low level of knowledge English.
Therefore, if a person wants to get maximum satisfaction from a trip to warm ones that are not limited only to Spain, because almost all of South America and the southern part North America speak the language of Miguel Cervantes, then he needs to independently study its basics or sign up for short-term Spanish courses for tourists.
Russian-Spanish phrasebooks
To feel confident in the Spanish-speaking atmosphere, you need to carry a reference book or phrasebook with you. These guides collect basic phrases for the most common occasions. It is better to choose a Russian-Spanish phrasebook for tourists with pronunciation, in which the Cyrillic transcription will help you pronounce the Spanish phrase as correctly as possible.
- "Russian-Spanish Phrasebook" by the St. Petersburg publishing house "KARO", which consists of 144 pages. It contains information about Spain, contains many important phrases in Spanish with transcription in Russian. All phrases are divided into sections on various everyday topics, so finding the necessary expression for a tourist will not be difficult.
- "Spanish Phrasebook and Dictionary" of the Moscow publishing house "Living Language" is a book of 224 pages, which contains not only phrases, but also about 8000 foreign words. This Spanish tourist phrasebook fits in your pocket. The vocabulary collected in it allows a person who does not speak Spanish well to communicate in many households.
- "Russian-Spanish Phrasebook" by "Victoria Plus" publishing house, Moscow. This small book is the most popular among our tourists because it is cheap and easy to navigate.
Also, before traveling to a Spanish-speaking country, it is recommended to learn 10-20 of the most necessary phrases that will help the traveler quickly explain what type of help he wants to ask a resident of a foreign country for.
Greetings in spanish
One of the main phrases in Spanish for tourists are greetings, because it is with them that any communication begins. The following phrases can help start a conversation with courtesy:
- Hola - hello, hello. A simple word of greeting to say to a peer or someone you know. It is read "Ola", but unlike Russian, the sound "l" should be pronounced a little softer. The capital letter hereinafter indicates the stressed syllable.
- Buenos días - good morning... This phrase is formal, but it can also be used to start informal communication. It reads "buenos dias". So you can greet up to 12 o'clock.
- Buenas tardes - good afternoon. This expression can be used, for example, when a tourist meets the owners of the hotel in the afternoon. Pronounced "buEnas tArdes".
- Buenas noches - good evening... Thus, it is customary to greet after 18.00. Pronounced "buenas noches".
Basic required words and phrases
Spanish for tourists also requires knowledge of words and phrases such as "thank you", "please", "yes", "no", "how are you", etc. The table below lists these and some other expressions often used in everyday colloquial speech.
| Spanish word | Pronunciation | Translation into Russian |
| si | si | Yes |
| no | but | No |
| gracias | grasias | Thank you |
| muchas gracias | MOUCH GRASYAS | thank you very much |
| se lo agradezco | se lo agradEsco | thank you |
| por favor | por favor | please |
| perdóneme | perdOneme | forgive me |
| discúlpeme | disc Ulpame | excuse me |
| ¿Cómo estás? | KOMO ESTAS | how are you? How are you doing |
| estoy muy bien | estOy muy bien | I'm all good |
| ¿Qué tal? | ke tal | how are you |
| perfectamente | perfektamEntae | Great |
| soy turista ruso | soy turista ruso | I'm a Russian tourist |
Farewell in Spanish
No living language is complete without goodbye phrases, and Spanish is no exception. Spoken Spanish for tourists usually includes the following expressions that can be used when a person is saying goodbye to someone:
- Adiós - goodbye. This is the most popular word that is easy to remember and can be used absolutely in any setting and with any interlocutor when you say goodbye for a short while. It is pronounced like "adyos".
- Hasta pronto or hasta luego - see you soon. These two expressions are often used when friends or acquaintances say goodbye for a short while. They are read "Asta pronto" and "Asta luEgo", respectively. It should be noted that people in Spanish-speaking countries, especially in Spain itself, often use diminutive suffixes for such goodbyes. For example, you can often hear hasta lueguito - "Asta lueguito", which literally translates into Russian "to the very fast".
- Hasta mañana - see you tomorrow. For example, a tourist leaves a hotel in order to spend the night on the seashore in a tent, and then return the next day. In this case, he can say "Asta Manyyana" to the owners of the hotel. Note that before going to bed, it is preferable to say not hasta mañana, but buenas noches - "buenas noches", which translates as " good night". This wish is identical to the" good evening "greeting.
- Hasta el año siguiente - until next year. If, while traveling around the country, a tourist made new acquaintances and plans to next year see new friends again, then he can tell them "Asta el Año sigiente".
- Nos veremos - see you. If, when two friends or acquaintances say goodbye, it is not known when the next meeting will take place, then we can say "nose beerEmos".
- Hasta siempre - goodbye. If the tourist does not plan to visit this hotel anymore, then at parting one can say "Asta siempré". However, it is still not recommended to use this phrase in such situations, since it has a negative connotation, as if the tourist did not like something about the service. The phrase hasta la vista is also very rarely used.
Difficulty understanding
The Spanish language is distinguished by a clear pronunciation, almost all sounds in its phonetics are close to the corresponding sounds of the Russian language. However, difficulties in understanding Spanish speech are frequent, and they are associated with the speed of pronunciation of words, which is one of the fastest in the world. Therefore, there is no need to be afraid to ask again what is not clear the first time. For this purpose, the following phrases come in handy:
| Spanish phrase | Pronunciation | Meaning in Russian |
| no entiendo | but entyendo | I do not understand |
| me he perdido | mae uh pard ido | I'm lost |
| si, entiendo | si, entyendo | Yes, I understand |
| ¿Le puedo preguntar? | le puedo preguntar | may I ask you |
| ¿Podría hablar más despacio, por favor? | podrIa ablar mas despasio, por favor | could you speak slower please |
| repita por favor | RAPITA POR FAVOR | repeat please |
| ¿Puede usted escribírmelo? | puEde ustEd escribIrmelo | could you write this to me |
Words and phrases for orientation in the city
Any phrasebook of Spanish for tourists must necessarily include words and phrases that serve as assistants to a person who does not speak this language for orientation in the area, in particular, in an urban setting. The following words and phrases are often needed:
| Spanish phrase | Pronunciation | Meaning in Russian |
| la estación de trenes | la estaçon de trance | railway station |
| la estación de autobuses | la estaçon de outs | bus station |
| la parada | la parAda | stop |
| el parque | el parque | the park |
| la calle | la kaye | the street |
| la plaza | la plaza | square |
| la casa | la casa | House |
| el supermercado | El SuperMerkAdo | supermarket |
| ¿Dónde se puede comprar billetes? | DONDE SE PUEDE COMPRAR BIYETS | where can i buy tickets |
| ¿Dónde está? | donde esta | where is |
| ¿Cómo puedo pasar a este parque? | komo puedo pasar a este parque | how can i get to this park |
Emergencies and emergencies
Emergencies can happen to anyone, anytime, so it is a good idea to learn a few phrases related to this topic before traveling to a Hispanic country. The simplest are the following:
Other useful words
The following words in Spanish will be very useful for tourists. They can be used in different situations when you need to ask or explain something. At the same time, these words can be pronounced independently, that is, without using explanatory verbs, since a person who knows Spanish will still be able to understand what in question.
| bueno | bueno | good |
| malo | few | bad |
| bastante | bastAnte | enough, enough |
| frío | frio | cold |
| caliente | KalEnte | hot |
| pequeño | pakEnyo | little |
| grande | GRANDE | big |
| ¿Qué? | ke | what |
| ¿Por qué? | porke | why |
| allí | ayi | there |
| aquí | akI | here |
| ascensor | ASSENSOR | elevator |
| retrete | RetreEte | toilet |
| cerrado | serrAdo | closed |
| abierto | abierto | open |
| prohibido fumar | proibIdo fumar | no smoking |
| entrada | entrada | entrance |
| salida | SalIda | exit |
Residents of Spanish-speaking countries are very kind, cheerful and emotional people, so there is no need to be afraid to ask them again what is incomprehensible, they will always explain to the tourist in an accessible way.
If you are in a business environment, then after a verbal greeting, a handshake will suffice. In a friendly setting, a kiss on the cheek or a kiss will follow. There are many options - just choose the one that suits you best or come up with your own combination.
Spanish greetings are not limited to well-known greetings Hola and Buenos días: today we have compiled an exhaustive list for you Spanish phrases where you can start a conversation.
- Hola- Hey.
This is the simplest greeting and can be combined with any of the ones below. So, you can say "Hola, buenos días", or "Hola, buenas tardes"... And we will not tire of reminding: the letter "h" is not pronounced! - Buenos días- Good morning.
Literally translated as "good day", but means "good morning." "Buenos días" usually used before noon. - Buenas tardes- Good day.
In the event that you want to say hello to someone, and it is already one o'clock or later, you can say "Buenas tardes"... In Spain, this greeting can be used until late at night, and in a number of Latin American countries and countries Caribbean- only until sunset. - Buenas noches- Good evening.
This phrase also means “ Good night". Always keep context in mind, as you might inadvertently say goodbye. - ¿Cómo está?- How are you doing? (formal appeal).
This is a polite way to ask someone about their state of affairs. Generally, you should use this phrase when talking to older people or people in leadership positions as a sign of respect. Use this phrase in South American countries to always feel confident. Are you in business? It is important to inquire about a person's well-being in front of any business conversation... This will be a sign that you care about your client or partner. - ¿Cómo estás?- What's up? (informal appeal).
Adding a letter "S" at the end means that you are talking with a peer or with someone younger than you in age. If you hear "Tutéame", which means that the interlocutor invites you to contact "you", regardless of his and your age. - ¿Cómo están?- How are you? (plural)
Are you greeting a group of people? The letter "n" at the end means that you are addressing everyone at once. If you know everyone in the group, you can greet everyone with a friendly kiss. But if you are a guy, only kiss girls, shake hands with other guys. Traveling in Spain? Ask "¿Cómo estáis?". - ¿Qué tal?- How are things going?
To some, this appeal may seem too familiar, but, in general, this question can be asked to any person, being in an informal setting. - ¿Qué pasa?- What's new? / What's going on?
Chatting with friends or someone younger than you? Use the phrase "¿Qué pasa?" It can also be heard in situations where they want to clarify a point. - ¿Qué hubo?- What happened?
This phrase is considered an informal greeting in some Spanish-speaking countries. Use the phrase with friends or family. Just remember that the letter "H" has no sound (we know that we are already bored with you). - Bienvenidos- Welcome.
Do you want to invite someone to your home? In Spanish it will sound like this: "Bienvenidos"... Keep the final "S" if greeting multiple people. By removing "S", you will receive a greeting for one person. When talking to a woman, say "Bienvenida", and to a man - "Bienvenido"... A group of girls invited? Use the word "Bienvenidas"... Do not consider this to be discrimination and male chauvinism, but it must be said "Bienvenidos" if both girls and men are present in the invitee group.
- Mi casa es su casa- My home is your home.
If you want a guest to feel comfortable in your home, you can say: "Mi casa es su casa"... This does not mean at all that you are giving him your home, but it does mean that the invitees can feel at home. If the guest is the same age, just replace "Su" on the "Tu". - ¿De dónde eres?- Where are you from?
Use this expression when you want to ask someone your age or younger where they are from. The question will change and sound like "¿De dónde es usted?" if you are referring to an older person or higher in status. - ¿Cómo te llamas?- What is your name?
Literally means "What do you call yourself?" Is what you say when you want to know someone's name. This fold has several options, depending on the type of appeal. An older person in Spain is asked: "¿Cómo se llama?" - ¿Aló?- Hello?
This is a common way to answer a call in many Spanish-speaking countries. Depending on where you travel, you can hear "Bueno", "Sí" or "Diga" in response to a phone call. Regardless of the telephone greeting, you should answer by introducing yourself and asking how the other person is doing. It will be impolite if you do not show such courtesy. Thank the person you are talking to. Then you can go to the purpose of the call. - ¿Adónde vas?- Where are you going?
Greet someone in a hurry? To ask someone where they are going, use this phrase. Change the verb to "Va" for an official appeal, and if you ask a group of people in Spain where they are going, change to "Vais". - ¿Dónde has estado?- Whre was you all this time?
Have you seen each other for a while? Tell "¿Dónde has estado?" and find out where he disappeared all these years. Get ready to listen to the whole story! - ¡Hace tiempo que no te veo!- How long have I not seen you!
This is how you greet someone you haven't seen for ages.
The most used words and phrases for communication are taught by deed. This is done so that a person can respond to the most FAQ on a trip, get to know others. This way of learning a language is used by teachers and educators. foreign courses... Most authors try to include these words in the first lesson of their textbooks.
Most popular words and phrases
When learning a language, there is necessary minimum words and expressions. Starting to master it, you should first of all learn how to say hello in Spanish, bye, my name is ..., I am ... years old, I live ... and the like. Using this set of words, you can say hello to a person, get to know him, tell about yourself. This is where almost all textbooks and language courses begin.
The list of popular words and phrases is compiled on the basis of various books, magazines, even films. Linguists analyze texts, look at the frequency with which words are used and, based on their observations, make up the top 100, top 1000 most used expressions, with which to start learning a language.
For Spanish, in particular, greetings and goodbyes are considered the most commonly used. Therefore, many courses first teach a person how to say hello in Spanish, and it is taken into account that this word has several synonyms, the use of which depends on a lot of factors.
Greetings in Spanish
There are several ways to say hello to. Let's take a look at some of them.
The most important thing to remember is, “hello” in Spanish is “¡Hola!”. This is how well-known people and friends are welcomed. This way of saying hello is the most common in
Before lunch, the Spaniards greet with the phrase: "¡Buenos días!" - which translates as: "Good afternoon!". If you are meeting someone in the afternoon, you should tell them “¡Buenas tardes!”. V evening time it is customary to greet people with the phrase: "¡Buenas noches!" - that is, to wish them a good evening.
If you greet a good friend, you can say in Spanish: "Hello friend!" - the phrase: "¡Hola, amigo!".
With the help of these phrases, you can communicate in personal meeting and correspondence with friends from Spanish-speaking countries. The main thing is to use them correctly.
How to ask a person how they are doing?
Having learned what "hello" is in Spanish, let's move on to another list of necessary words and phrases. Questions about how a person is doing are no less common. Much tradition and courtesy, so you need to know a few of the most common questions and answers on this topic.
There are two ways to ask how a person is doing. The first is to ask the person the question: “¿Cómo estás?”. The second is to ask: "¿Qué tal?" Both translate: "How are you?" These questions are equally common in Spanish. A more respectful form would sound: "¿Cómo está Usted?" - and translated: "How are you?"
Less commonly used: "¿Qué tal la vida?" - which translates: "How is life?" You can also ask what is new in a person by asking the question: "¿Qué hay de nuevo?"
This set is enough to seem like a friendly and well-mannered person to any Spaniard.
Answering questions
So, we learned how to say “hello” in Spanish, learned how to ask questions about the interlocutor's affairs. Now let's talk about how to answer a person to the question asked about your affairs.
If you're doing great, you can express it with the phrase “muy bien” which translates to “very good” or “excellent”. To tell a person that everything is fine, you can use the phrases "todo está bien" and "bien, gracias". The first translates as "everything is in order", the second - "thanks, good."
Neutral answers that say you are doing well are “no está mal, gracias,” meaning “not bad,” “bien,” “good,” and “como siempre," meaning “as usual.”
If your affairs are bad, you can answer "no muy bien", that is, "not very," and "mal" - "bad."
Goodbye in Spanish
And finally, when saying goodbye to a person, you definitely need to say goodbye to him. There are several expressions for this as well. Let's take a look at some of them.
So, you can say “goodbye” using the word “adiós”, and if you say goodbye to good friends, you can safely use “saludos”, which replaces “bye”.
If you are planning to see a person soon, you can use the phrases "hasta pronto" - "see you soon", or "hasta luego", that is, "see you soon." If the meeting takes place in the evening, use "nos vemos esta tarde", if you plan to meet tomorrow, use the phrase "hasta mañana". In the evening, it is customary to say goodbye using the phrase “buenas noches”, that is, to wish “good night”.
As you can see, the set of standard phrases is not that great. By studying, you not only master the rules for constructing phrases, using the forms of certain words, but also replenish your vocabulary, learn to communicate correctly and politely with strangers.
Having learned the translation into Spanish for "hello", "how are you", "goodbye" and other equally common words, you can strike up a conversation with a person, show your knowledge of the basics of the language and that you respect your interlocutor.
As in any other country in the world, the interest of tourists in the national language is perceived by the local population as a sign of respect.
I offer a set useful phrases for tourists in Spain.
SPANISH LANGUAGE
BASIC WORDS AND PHRASES
hola - ola- Hello hi.
adios - adios- goodbye, bye. Instead of "ados" they also say "hasta luego" - ásta luego- "see you later".
por favor - por favor- please in the meaning of "please."
gracias - grasias- Thank you.
si - si- Yes; no - but- No. In case of refusal of something proposed, it is customary to say "no, gracias", in case of consent to something proposed - "si, por favor"
perdon - fart- sorry. Used as a request to forgive, as a request to repeat what was said and as a way to attract attention (polite form from "hey, you!"
vale - bale- okay, no hablo español is good - but áblo espaniól- I do not speak Spanish.
SPANISH: SHOPPING
estoy mirando - estoi mirando- literally "I'm looking." Example: "estóy mirándo, grásias" ("I am still looking at what is there (I haven’t chosen yet), thank you")
quería eso - keria eso- I would like that. A universal phrase for any store, combined with the use of the index finger, relieves you of the need to memorize the names of items. In some phrasebooks, instead of “keria” (“I would like to”) it is suggested to say “kiero” (“I want to”), this is less polite, so they usually don't say that.
y - and- and. In the same way as in Russian. Example: "keria eso and eso" ("I would like this and that")
cuanto vale? - cuanto bale?- how much is? The second universal phrase for shops. By combining it with keria eso, you will be virtually fluent in Spanish when it comes to shopping. Variants: "keria eso, cunto bale, por favor?" "Cuanto bale eso, since favor?"
probarme - probarme- try on yourself, a single root word with the Russian "sample". Example: "keria probarme eso, por favor" ("please, I would like to try this on")
probadores - probadores- booths for fitting. Example: "Probadores, time favorite?" equivalent to "please, where is the fitting room here?"
mirar - myrár- look, look. Example: “keria mirár eso” (“I would like to look at that thing over there”)
tarjeta - tarheta- card. Example: "con tarkheta?" ("Can I pay by card?")
en efectivo - en effective- in cash. The cashier in the store usually asks how you will pay: in cash or by card. He does it in the following way: "the conflict about en effective?"
SPANISH: BAR, RESTAURANT
la carta - la karta- menu, list of dishes. The word "menu" as such is often understood as a request to bring not a list of dishes, but a set lunch, so it is better not to use it as a request for the menu
tiene menu? - téne me?- do you have set meals? Sometimes it’s not clear at first glance if the cafeteria offers menu del dia and you have to ask. Taking a set lunch is, of course, always cheaper than ordering the same dishes separately.
sin hielo - blue yelo- without ice. A very important phrase when ordering soft drinks. The fact is that by default, in most cases, they are served with ice, while ice takes up from a third to half of the useful volume of the glass. The drink will be served cold anyway. Example: "ýna fánta sin yélo, time favorite!" - "a phantom without ice, please!"
del tiempo - del témpo- room temperature. Example: "Yna koka-kula del témpo, then a favorite!" ("Not a cold Coke, please!")
bien hecho - bien echo- well fried (about meat). If you order meat in a restaurant “in a piece” and do not like it when it is bloody (in some dishes it is usually not fried to a “crust”), when placing an order say this magic phrase, and the tenderloin will be guaranteed to be well done. Some phrasebooks suggest using "muy echo" (" muy echo"), Which literally means" very fried. " It is better not to say that, otherwise there is a risk that, as requested, they will bring you practically a "sole". If, on the contrary, you like meat with blood, when ordering say "poco hecho" (" poko echo«)
caña - kánya- a glass of beer. It is a glass or a glass (250 grams), and it is beer. Examples: "ýna kánya, since the favor!" ("A glass of beer, please!") ("A couple of beers, please!")
jarra - harra- mug of beer. Example: "ýna kharra grande, por favor!" ("A big mug, please!").
cerveza - service- beer. For example: "ýna kharra de servesa, por favor!" ("A glass of beer, please!")
vino - wine- wine, default is red. Stress on the first syllable. Example: "ýna kópa (dos kópas) de wine, por favor!" ("A glass (two glasses) of wine, please!")
tinto - tinto- red
rosado - rosado- pink
blanco - blanco- white. Example: "ýna kópa de wine blanco, por favor!" ("A glass of white wine, please!")
agua - água - water.
cafe - cafe- coffee.
cafe solo - cafe soup- black coffee
cafe cortado - cafe cortádo- coffee with a little milk
cafe con leche - cafe kon leche- half black coffee with milk
capuchino - cappuccino - cappuccino
té - te- tea
servicios - serviceios – toilet... Example: "los servisios, por favor?" ("Please, where is the toilet?"). Toilet is also represented by the words lavabo and aseo, but "service" is easier to remember
cuenta - cuenta- check. Example: "la cuenta, por favor!" ("The check, please!").
SPANISH LANGUAGE: IN THE HOTEL
tiene plancha? - téne pláncha- Do you have an iron?
habitación - abitasion- room, hotel room.
quería una habitación - keria yna abitasion- I would like to rent a room
doble - double- room for two. Example: “keria ýna abitasion dóble, time favorite” (“please, I would like to rent a double room”)
individual - individual- room for one
SPANISH LANGUAGE: NUMERICAL from 0 to 10
0 – cero- sero; one - uno- ýno; 2 - dos- dos; 3 - tres- tras;
4 – cuatro- cuatro; 5 - cinco- synco; 6 - seis- seis;
7 – siete- syéte; eight - ocho- ocho; 9 - nueve- nueve; 10 - diez- dyes.
SPANISH LANGUAGE: TRANSPORTATION, MOVEMENT
pasa por - so far- goes through, goes to. Example: "pása pása pása Catalynia?" ("Does [this bus, etc.] go to Plaza Catalunya?")
pare aquí - páre aki- stop here. The phrase is more for a taxi.
estación - estation- station. Estación de autobuses - estation de autobysès- bus; estación de trenes - estasion de trans- railway
litro - liter- liter. Example: "beinte litros, por favor!" ("Twenty liters please")
lleno - yeno- full. Example: "yéno, then favorite!" ("Fill it up, please!")
In order to ask the question “how to get there”, you just need to name the right place with interrogative intonation and the invariable “time favorite”. For example: "estasyon de trance, pore favorite?" ("Please, how to get to the train station?"). Or "Plasa Catalynia, since favored?" ("Please, how to get to Plaza Catalunya?")
