Laying water supply pipelines from pressure polyethylene pipes. How to install polyethylene pipes - sequence of actions, materials and tools. Advantages of polyethylene pipes

For laying water pipes on personal plots Polyethylene multilayer pipes are often used. Pipes are produced using a method without using high pressure, due to which the pipes become flexible and durable.

The abbreviation "pnd" stands for polyethylene low pressure. This marking indicates that the pipes were manufactured without the use of high pressure. Suitable for laying water pipes drinking water and serve cold.

What are HDPE pipes made of:

There are several layers, the first one is the inner or cross-linked polyethylene layer. Formed by stitching the edges of the workpiece under the influence of high temperature;
adhesive: the layer is strong, designed to withstand water pressure, so the pipes can be installed in summer cottages and garden plots for organizing irrigation, etc.;
between adhesive layers located air bag or oxygen barrier. Pipes can be called durable, but subject to the presence of a protective layer. Then you can install an external water supply ( open method);
the outer layer of polyethylene is a durable layer that provides reliable protection. From the information indicated on the front of the pipe, you can find out about the stitching method and the type of pipe (marking: numbers, letters).

Selection of polyethylene pipes

To install a pipeline according to all the rules, you need to start with choosing polyethylene pipes. There have been cases when everything was done correctly, but the pipes began to leak after just a couple of years of operation. Although such water pipelines must cope with loads for several decades. What is the reason? It turns out that you need to know how to choose the right pipe. There are pipes on sale that are made from plastic waste through recycling. Such pipes will be 2 times cheaper, but there is not much benefit from them: the strength is low, and the water flowing from such pipes “catches” the pungent smell of plastic. There is no point in hoping that the smell will fade over time.

That's why. Before you begin installing the water supply system, you need to understand and find out how to choose pipes:

We inspect the pipe: if the product is not marked (there are no letters and numbers), there are inclusions and stripes, there is a sharp bad smell, they are unsuitable for laying pipelines. Such materials are used only for supplying process water.
Polyethylene pipes intended for supplying drinking water are painted only black, with a blue stripe (one or more) running along the top of the pipe. The color is rich, uniform, the surface of the pipe is smooth, without dents or bulges. Wall thickness - according to GOST (18599-2001), the diameter of the product, information about the manufacturer and the strength of the product must be indicated.
Marking 100 - pipes are strong and dense, withstand higher pressure than pipes marked PE-80.

Using HDPE pipes

According to regulations and standards, polyethylene pipes are used:

for supplying drinking water up to 40 degrees;
for transporting technical water, up to 40 degrees;
for gaseous, liquid media (transportation), provided that the temperature of the substances will not be higher than +40 degrees and that the medium is inert to the substance from which the pipes are made;
for insulation or for laying electrical cables.

If all standards are observed, polyethylene products will last about 50 years.

Advantages and technology of connecting HDPE pipes

HDPE pipes intended for supplying cold water, compare favorably with cast iron and steel pipes, they are not subject to corrosion, do not change the taste and quality of drinking water.

Advantages of HDPE pipes:

long service life - about 50 years;
affordable price - this is due to low cost, because the production of pipes does not require expensive equipment and the purchase of raw materials;
low thermal conductivity;
no condensation forms on the surface;
pipes do not corrode;
HDPE pipes are plastic, so they can be laid not only in a trench, but also on the surface;
subsidence of buildings and structures, as well as low temperatures, are not a problem for such pipes;
installation of water supply systems in closed and open ways is carried out in any weather;
pipes do not pollute environment, do not emit harmful substances;
weight is minimal, sold in coils, which greatly simplifies not only installation, but also transportation.

What are the disadvantages of HDPE pipes

Each material has not only advantages, but also disadvantages, which it is advisable to know about before everything is purchased and a water supply installation plan is drawn up.

Flaws:

as the temperature rises higher permissible norm, the material becomes fusible;
When exposed to direct sunlight, pipes age faster.

This disadvantage is compensated for in this way: a special coating is applied to the surface by thin spraying.

HDPE pipe connection technology

You will need the following tool:

a hacksaw or a special tool for cutting polyethylene pipes;
a cone-shaped knife to process the cut edge;
if you use fittings, then you won’t need anything else, but some craftsmen advise having an adjustable wrench so that when tightening the connections, you don’t have to tighten the nut too tightly. Otherwise, the clamps may not hold up and will burst, or the gasket-seal will be damaged. If the nuts are not sufficiently secured, then the tightness of each joint will suffer.

Compression fittings for HDPE pipes. Installation features

When installing a water supply system, you cannot do without special connections or fittings. They can be straight to connect 2 pieces of pipe and transitional when you need to connect pipes of different diameters. In addition, fittings will help connect the pipeline in several directions, make the desired bend or angle, reduce or, conversely, increase the diameter of the pipes.

Installation of a pipeline with fittings is carried out in several stages. The work is not difficult, so even a beginner can do it, and no special tools are required.

How to install:

Prepare the pipes, calculate in advance how many meters of pipe will be needed to lay the pipeline.
Unscrew the fittings 1-2 times.
Perform markup on work surface, lubricate the joint with soapy water (or just plain water).
Insert the pipe into fastener to the mark. Make sure that the pipe section rests against the ring. To achieve this, you need to apply a little more force.
If you don’t try hard at this stage, the connection will not be 100% tight.
Tighten the nut until it stops so that there are no loose threads left on the threads.

Flange connections for HDPE pipes are one of the methods for installing a water supply system from HDPE pipes, in which, if necessary, the assembled unit can be disassembled. The flange connection is used to connect the control and shut-off valves. For installation you will need a polyethylene pipe, a metal sleeve and a free flange.

To obtain a reliable pipe connection, another method is used: permanent or welded connection for HDPE pipes.

Performed in 2 ways:

Joint to joint.
Connection using an electrical coupling.

Butt welding is performed using a special welding machine. At great desire You can master the joining technique to lay the water supply yourself, without the involvement of specialists.

How to connect pipes butt to butt using a welding machine:

The ends of the pipes (provided that the diameter of the pipes exceeds 50 mm) must be secured in special clamps of the welding machine.
Bring a heating plate to the cut site.
Wait until the plastic warms up and reaches its melting temperature.
After this, you need to remove the slab, and immediately connect the pipes to each other, applying force.
Wait a few seconds for the seams to cool, after which you can remove the clamps and remove the device.

What is important with this method:

Materials are used only of one diameter, otherwise nothing will work.
Wall thickness – no more than 5 mm.
You can work on outdoors, at a temperature not lower than +15 degrees and not higher than 45 degrees.
The welding machine operates from the mains, it does not consume a lot of energy, so this method can safely be called the most economical. Even though the cost of the device is very high, in order to install the water supply system yourself, the device can be rented.

Hydraulic testing of HDPE pipes

Any pipeline, even completed experienced specialists, must be tested. The first launch is the most important; it will show all the weak points.

Work progress:

External inspection of the water supply system, removal of air from the system.
The inspection is carried out one day after completion of installation.
Before starting work, you need to clean the pipe cavity from dirt and open the valves to bleed air.
Install water drainage at the lowest points (drains).
Connect pressure gauges on both sides.
Connect the pipeline to the water supply or sediment to create pressure and fill the system.
With the air vents closed, you need to gradually increase the pressure and hold it for a quarter of an hour. For the test to be successful, water must be gradually pumped in to stabilize the pressure.
Then reduce the pressure to working standard, leave for half an hour. During this time, it is necessary to have time to perform a visual inspection of the pipeline, especially paying attention to all joints.
The water supply passed the test if no leaks or ruptures of the connecting elements were detected.

Errors when installing polyethylene pipes

Installing HDPE pipes is not a difficult task, it is difficult to make a mistake and do something wrong, but mistakes are no exception.

Common mistakes:

if the pipes used are different. Beginners may not understand and purchase different pipes. And each type of plastic has its own standards, so the tightness at the junction may be compromised. Result: leaks and cracks at the joint;
Over-tightening the nuts can cause microcracks to appear. At the initial examination finished work they will not manifest themselves in any way, but under pressure the crack may increase and then there will be a water leak;
a weak puff, like a strong puff, is also not good;
uneven joining edges: if you use a welding machine, you need to carefully adjust the edges. A trimmer is used for these purposes.

Video instructions for installing HDPE pipes with your own hands:

If previously, when installing water supply, sewerage, and gas installations, only metal or cast iron pipes. There was simply no alternative. Today, products made of polymers are increasingly used, and, in particular, polyethylene pipes. They are increasingly displacing metal analogues from the market, and all thanks to their low price, ease of use, and long service life. The polarity of PE pipes is added by ease of installation - there are fittings that can be installed by hand. This is very convenient, for example, when installing a water supply or irrigation system in a country house.

Properties, advantages, disadvantages

Polyethylene pipes are used to transport various liquid and gaseous substances. In the literature you can find an abbreviated designation: in the Russian version it is PE, in the international version it is PE or PE-X for cross-linked polyethylene.

They have excellent properties:

An excellent set of properties has led to the fact that polyethylene pipes are becoming increasingly popular. But to avoid surprises, you need to know their shortcomings. There are not very many of them, but they are quite serious.

Polyethylene burns and releases harmful substances when burned.
Weak resistance to ultraviolet radiation. When exposed to the sun, the material becomes brittle and brittle. But cross-linked polyethylene pipes are not susceptible to this disease; they are the ones that have become Lately sales leaders.
Large thermal expansion - it is 10 times greater than that of steel. To neutralize this drawback, a compensator is installed.
When the liquid in the pipeline freezes, the polyethylene may rupture. Therefore, when using polyethylene pipes to organize water supply for a private house or cottage, it is laid below the freezing depth or insulated on top, and additional heating methods are used ().

These are all shortcomings. Now about the varieties. According to the production method, there are three types of polyethylene pipes:

There is a certain paradox hidden in these names. When they talk about high or low pressure polyethylene pipes, they mean the method of their production. But often it is perceived as an area of use. In reality, it's the other way around. Pipes produced at high pressure are less durable. They can only be used for free-flow systems (without pumps). They are made for pressure water supply systems, but the strength is gained due to the thickness of the walls. With normal wall thickness, their area of use is sewage, drainage systems, storm drains, etc. Here their qualities are optimal.

IN pressure pipelines, where there is high pressure, low-pressure polyethylene pipes are used. They are more durable but, at the same time, more fragile and bend much worse. This is also not very good. But they can withstand significant pressure changes without any harm. And it must also be said that both of these types of polyethylene pipes are only suitable for cold water - they cannot withstand hot water and can melt.

But the third type - made of cross-linked polyethylene - is an option with high strength and flexibility. Such products can withstand high pressure (up to 20 atm) and temperatures up to +95°C, that is, PE-X pipes can be used for hot water supply, as well as for heating systems. By the way, they are made of this type of polymer metal-plastic pipes. However, there is one “but” here - this type of material cannot be welded. When installing a pipeline made of cross-linked polyethylene, fittings with gaskets are used. The second type of assembly is adhesive, when the joints of the connected elements are coated with glue.

Markings and diameters

Polyethylene pipes are usually black or bright blue, while cross-linked polyethylene pipes can be bright red. They are painted this way on purpose to make it easier to distinguish them from other polymers. Blue stripes may be applied along the wall if it is intended for cold water, yellow if it is used for a gas pipeline. Release form - in coils from 20 to 50 meters long (usually small diameters) and in pieces of 12 meters (or required length by agreement).

The diameters of polyethylene pipes vary according to wide range— from 20 mm to 1200 mm. Small cross-section products (up to 40 mm) are used mainly for water supply and heating systems in private houses and apartments; larger ones (up to 160 mm) are used for risers of water supply, heating and sewerage systems. Large diameters are already industrial and production sector. It is practically not used for private buildings and apartments.

Density of polyethylene

Polyethylene of different densities is used to make pipes. Density is indicated by the numbers that appear after the abbreviation:

What else may be interesting: polyethylene pipes can also be reinforced. In general, they are produced by the extrusion method - in a softened state, the material is squeezed out through a nozzle, then sent for calibration, where it is given the required cross-section and size. In the production of reinforced polyethylene pipes, nylon, polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fibers are sealed inside the wall. The equipment for this process is much more complex, which is why the price of reinforced PE pipes is much higher.

Diameter of polyethylene pipes and what is SDR

In labeling polymer pipes there is a significant difference - it is indicated outside diameter. But the wall thickness varies within wide limits, so inner diameter you have to calculate - subtract twice the wall thickness from the outer one. The wall thickness is indicated in the marking after the outer diameter is indicated (usually put * or an “x” sign). For example: 160 x 14.6. This means that this pipe has an outer diameter of 160 mm and a wall thickness of 14.6 mm. You can also calculate the internal diameter of a polyethylene pipe: 160 mm - 14.6 mm * 2 = 130.8 mm.

The marking also contains the abbreviation SDR and some numbers. The numbers are the ratio of the outer diameter to the wall thickness. This indicator reflects the strength of the walls and their ability to withstand pressure surges.

The lower the SDR, the stronger (but also heavier) the pipe is. True, this is true within products of the same density. For example, PE 80 SDR11 is more durable than PE 80 SDR 17.

Name of PE pipes	Characteristics	Application area
PE 63 SDR 11	Low density, does not tolerate temperature changes well	Internal cold pipes
HDPE PE-63 SDR 17.6	GOST 18599-2001(2003), pressure not higher than 10 Atm	Internal water supply systems with low pressure for supplying cold water
PE 80 SDR 13.6	Density is higher, but does not tolerate temperature changes well	Water pipelines for supplying cold water, irrigation systems
PE 80 SDR 17	Density is higher, but temperature changes	Water supply both indoors and outdoors, pressure irrigation systems
PE 100 SDR 26	High density, ability to withstand temperature changes	Any pipelines for transporting liquids (water, milk, juices, etc.)
PE 100 SDR 21	Increased wall thickness	Any pipelines, including gas ones
PE 100 SDR 17	Increased wall thickness, but also greater mass	Most often used for industrial purposes
PE 100 SDR 11	Low density polyethylene, high strength, increased chemical resistance	Can be used when installing sewer collectors, laid in any type of soil

Pipe series and pressure rating

The next parameter that may be important when choosing is series. Denoted by the letter S followed by numbers. Displays the ability of the walls to resist pressure. This is the ratio of the pressure that it can withstand (determined in laboratory conditions) to the working one. The higher the number, the stronger the pipe.

Nominal pressure of PE pipes of different densities with different SDR

In practice, this indicator is rarely taken into account, since it is more “laboratory” than practical. Much more important may be the pressure rating that the walls are designed to withstand. This data is presented in the photo above. Pressure is at the intersection of columns and rows, indicated in Atmospheres. For example, for a pipe PE 80 SDR 13.6 operating pressure equals PN10 (10 Atm). This means that when transporting media with a temperature of no more than +20°C and a pressure of no more than 10 atm, the service life of this pipe is 50 years.

Regulations

To standardize manufactured products, GOSTs and industry standards were developed. Normative base on this type of materials appeared not so long ago - already in the current millennium - after 2000. The marking usually indicates the standard to which it meets. this type products. The name of GOST determines the scope of application (from the names of GOSTs), but it is easier for non-professionals to focus on the presence of stripes of the corresponding color (blue for cold water, yellow for gas).

Here are the standards for Russia:

There are standards for Ukraine:

DSTU B V.2.7-151:2008 “Polyethylene pipes for cold water supply”
DSTU B V.2.5-322007 “Free-pressure pipes made of polypropylene, polyethylene, non-plasticized polyvinyl chloride and fittings for them for external sewerage networks of houses and buildings and cable ducts”
DSTU B V.2.7-73-98 “Polyethylene pipes for supplying flammable gases”

If you wish, you can study all of them. For the most part, they are tables in which the entire range of products is indicated, indicating the parameters.

For identification, polyethylene pipes are marked. Signs are written every meter or so. The name of the manufacturer is indicated first; there may be a campaign logo. This sign is not mandatory, but is a good sign - the company is not afraid for its product.

designation of the pipe material, in this case - PE - polyethylene;
density of polyethylene - for this example 80;
then SDR pipes - 11;
the following are the outer diameter and wall thickness: 160 mm pipe diameter, 14.6 mm - wall thickness;
in the last position the GOST or DSTU to which it corresponds is indicated this type pipes.

The pipe shown in the photo - for gas pipelines this is emphasized three times - with yellow stripes, the inscription “gas” in the marking and the name of GOST - 50838-2009 - this is the standard according to which plastic pipes for gas pipelines are produced.

IN last years there is a steady trend: home owners are replacing old ones iron pipes to modern ones made of polyethylene. This preference can be explained by the easy assembly process, light weight of structures, low cost, corrosion resistance, and smoother internal walls. The last two characteristics make it possible not to lose water quality over time and extend the life of the pipeline itself.

Purpose

Any non-professional can install polyethylene pipes with his own hands. The main thing is to follow the instructions from the manufacturers. When buying any pipe, look at it appearance: It must be clean and evenly colored without damaging the material. No mechanical deformations or scratches are allowed.

Polyethylene pipes are used:

when installing a cold water supply system;
sewerage construction;
in drainage and drainage.

Do not use polyethylene pipes for supply hot water or in a heating system - they cannot tolerate temperatures above +40°C. In addition, it is impossible to assemble and operate such pipes in rooms where the temperature is below +5°C. In the cold, polyethylene loses its plasticity and flexibility, so the seal may be compromised.

Installation of polyethylene pipes

There are several ways to connect polyethylene parts into a single whole.

Method No. 1. Compound plastic pipes working under high pressure is carried out by butt welding. This is the most reliable method suitable for difficult places and contact with aggressive environments. Only products produced by the same manufacturer can be welded together, since each has its own manufacturing technology. Pipes different brands will likely form a weak seam that will eventually lead to tearing or deformation.

Method No. 2. Installation with threaded fittings. For better tightness, use a winding made of Teflon or some other sealant. If you need to connect a plastic housing to a metal one, you should use an adapter coupling or a combination fitting.

Method number 3. Assembling polyethylene pipes with glue or cold welding. Contrary to popular belief, such a connection can be stronger than the pipeline itself.

First, make sure that the pipes being installed fit together. The end should easily enter two-thirds of the connecting cuff, and then move further with difficulty. The edges must be sanded to make them rough and wiped with methylene chloride solvent to degrease.

Glue is applied with a swab thin layer both at the end of the inserted pipe and into the cuff. The pipes are brought together all the way and turned slightly. The entire connection process should take no more than a minute. Drying time – 1 hour, in case of high humidity – 2 hours.

In addition, during installation you should follow some rules:

Sometimes when assembling a pipeline it is necessary to bend certain sections. A bend is considered safe if the minimum radius is equal to eight times the diameter of the pipe being bent.
Sometimes pipes are laid inside partitions and concreted. In this case, they will have to be isolated. When the pipes are located externally, a distance of at least 2 cm must be left between them and the wall. This will prevent condensation from causing the development of mold or mildew in the cracks.
The pipeline must not be allowed to sag; this disrupts its operation and can lead to depressurization. Correctly placed supports will avoid problems.

Features of installation of cross-linked polyethylene pipes

In hot water pipelines or heating systems Products made from so-called cross-linked polyethylene can be used. This is a high-density polymer subjected to electron irradiation. Under their influence, molecular chains create a single three-dimensional structure.

Unlike conventional polyethylene, this material is very resistant to extreme temperatures and pressure. In the absence of mechanical loads, it is capable of operating in the range from -120 to +120°C.

Pipes are installed using two methods:

compression fittings;
using press fittings for plastic pipes.

In the first case, no special tools are required for DIY assembly. All you need is plastic pruning shears and two wrenches.

Procedure:

A crimp nut is placed on one end of the pipe with the thread towards the free end.
Then put on the split ring and push the pipe onto the fitting fitting until it stops.
The crimp nut is tightened with a wrench.

Press fittings or press-on connections are classified as permanent and require a press tool.

During assembly:

A clamping sleeve is placed on the pipe.
Insert an expander of the appropriate diameter into the pipe to the end.
Smoothly close the expander handles and fix them for a couple of seconds.
Push the fitting in until it stops.
The sleeve is pressed in using a manual or hydraulic press.

You often install polyethylene pipes and know all the intricacies of their connection. Share your knowledge with our readers by leaving comments on the article.

Video

We invite you to watch a video about butt welding polyethylene pipes.

In this article we will tell you how to install polyethylene pipes with your own hands. This will allow you to save several times when laying most communications. Exist different kinds of the mentioned products, as well as methods of their installation. This article will cover all these aspects.

Application area

Polyethylene is widely used in the production of various products. This is a polymer that has a number of very useful properties. For example, it is resistant to most acids, gasoline, various oils and other solvents. This means that while in aggressive environment The service life of such material can be very long. In industry, these raw materials are used in the manufacture of packaging for various food products. The material does not have a harmful effect on the human body, although it is a product of the oil industry.

In addition to all of the above, this polymer can be easily processed. In order to make the planned product from it, no special unique conditions temperature or pressure. It easily produces pipes that are used for various purposes:

gas lines;
pipelines for transporting chemically aggressive substances in industry;
irrigation systems;
for transporting liquids containing abrasive inclusions;
systems designed to lower water levels.

This widespread use is due to the ease of installation and high flexibility of the final product.

Types of polyethylene pipes

All polyethylene pipes are divided according to the pressure they can withstand. There are three main types:

PVD. Such products can withstand high pressure. They are used on high-pressure lines and sections. Their diameter can exceed 1 m. They are relevant for organizing water supply to microdistricts or even cities.
HDPE. The most common and frequently occurring type. Low-pressure plastic pipes are used for water supply, in which case they most often have a blue stripe along their entire length, or can be completely painted blue. Material with a yellow stripe is used for laying gas lines.
The third type is made from recycled materials. Typically, such pipes are used for laying various communication lines. The products serve as sleeves that prevent harmful effects on the cable.

The advantages of such products are:

corrosion resistance;
high flexibility and ductility during installation;
ease of connection;
high mechanical strength;
impossibility of formation of growths and blockages due to the smoothness of the walls;
resistance to water hammer (short-term excess of the permissible pressure by several times is allowed);
good dielectric;
Possibility of installation in limited space;
the value of hydraulic losses is lower than that of other materials;
more high density than steel - 8 times;
weld seams are stronger than the pipes themselves;
relatively light weight;
50 years of service without the need for maintenance.

Note! Polyethylene is not suitable for organizing hot water supply and heating systems. This is due to the fact that some of its types lose their strength already at 60°, and at 100° they begin to melt and spread.

Installation methods

Even a beginner can handle the installation, provided he has the the necessary tool and basic knowledge. All types of pipe joints of this type are divided into two main categories:

Detachable. Special fittings have been developed for them. Assembly of the entire structure is possible with basic tools that any owner possesses.
Monolithic. In this case, there are two options that can be used. One of them involves gluing using a special composition that does not have a negative effect on the body. The second is soldering. It has its own subspecies. It is carried out using a special apparatus that heats the ends, after which joining occurs. Special couplings have also been developed, in which spirals are built in (they are also called elements with an embedded heater) that carry out welding.

Practical guide

The first connection method discussed above is often used at home. Tools that will be needed when assembling the entire structure:

pipe scissors or hacksaw;
special key with chain;
fitting;
roulette.

Note! Often the chain wrench is replaced with a regular gas wrench or simply tightened by hand. To ensure the highest reliability, it is better to use products designed for this purpose.

The entire installation process will be as follows:

The entire pipe is produced in coils, so it will need to be conveniently placed to simplify the task. The required length is measured and cut from the coil using a hacksaw or scissors.
The edge that will fit into the fitting is well aligned. This must be done so that skew does not occur later and that the grip is uniform.
The chamfer is removed under the cone, this will make it easier to pass sealing gum.
The coupling is unscrewed from the fitting.
The sealing ring is removed.
First, the coupling and then the sealing ring are put on the pipe.
The ring must be turned so that its conical part rests against the coupling, and its edge against the fitting.
The pipe is wetted with water or soap solution. This will help fix it easier.
The fitting is pushed onto the pipe until it stops. In this case, you need to make sure that the rubber seal that is located in it does not wrap inside the hole. If this happens, then you need to remove the fitting and repeat everything from the very beginning.
Before filling the pipe with soil, it is advisable to test it by applying operating pressure.

Review compression fitting for polyethylene pipes see below:

Note! To go from metal pipe Fittings with metal threads are perfect for polyethylene. This will be collateral quality connection, which will not fail during a pressure surge.

The butt joint is somewhat more complicated and requires specialized tool. The main one is the welding machine. It consists of the following blocks:

Centralizer. A special fixing clamp that allows you to position two parts clearly opposite each other. Also, with the help of this element, fixation and pressure are carried out so that a high-quality seam is formed.
Trimmer. A small tool with an electric motor that has two cutting heads. Its purpose is to process the edges so that they have an even plane.
Hydraulic block. Designed to move two parts of the centralizer. It has a pressure gauge, which makes it possible to select the required value in bars.
Heater. This is a kind of soldering iron that melts the edge for subsequent joining.

If you plan to do professional installation, then it makes sense to purchase such a device, otherwise it’s enough to just rent it. The sequence of actions will be as follows:

One of the parts to be welded must be movable. If this condition is not met, then the centralizer will not fulfill its role.
Using a caliper, check the ovality of the pipe. The diameter should be the same at any point where the gauge is applied.
The compliance of the actual wall thickness with the declared one is checked. It must be the same for two elements. If they are unequal, then the soldering will not achieve the required strength.
The elements are installed in a centralizer. It is necessary to maintain such a distance between them that open position it was possible to easily install the trimmer and heating element.
The clamping is carried out in pairs. The rear clamps can be tightened a little more than the front ones. It is better not to overdo it with the latter, so as not to disturb the correctness of the end circumference.
The pressure for movement is set. In order to do this, you must first unscrew the valve to bleed the air. Next, by twisting it, the value at which movement begins is determined.
The compression pressure on the solder is calculated. This is done according to the table, which is usually located on the unit. If it is not there, then you can use the following formula: divide the area of the pipe end by the total cross-sectional area of the cylinders, multiply the resulting result by 0.15 and add resistance pressure.
The parts that will be welded are cleaned of sand and other dirt with a damp cloth.
Edge processing is in progress. To do this, a trimmer is installed close to one pipe. It turns on and with the help of a hydraulic unit, two workpieces are moved. The process continues until 3–4 turns of solid chips are formed on each side.
The pressure is released and the parts move apart.
The cutting tool is retracted into place.
A test docking is performed to ensure that the process went as expected.
The ends are cleaned again. But this time you need to use alcohol or a special solvent.
The soldering iron turns on and heats up to the required temperature.
The timer for the planned soldering is set. It is usually also indicated in the table.
The tip is installed between the pipes.
The pipes are brought together to the soldering iron. It is necessary to wait until an influx of 1 mm thickness is formed. After this, the pressure is released and the time for welding is noted.
After the welding time has expired, the soldering iron is removed. There will be 5 seconds to bring the details together.
After docking, you will need to wait about 5 more seconds under pressure, after which it is released and the timer starts to cool down.

The cooling process should not be accelerated by any means. Also, during this time, you should not turn the pipe or try to remove the centralizer. Otherwise, the joint will be broken, and subsequently depressurization will occur.

The video shows the butt welding process in detail:

Electrofusion welding is an achievement that allows seams to be joined in places where other methods are simply not applicable. The advantages of this solution are:

high speed of ongoing processes;
minimal probability of errors;
high safety of the entire process;
possibility of articulation of fixed workpieces;
the internal diameter of the pipes remains virtually unchanged;
simplifies the process when performing tasks with large pipe diameters;
advantage of working with blanks various diameters and wall thickness;
minimal consumption of electrical energy when performing tasks.

The tools you will need are:

Special cleaning liquid. It can come with fittings or be purchased separately. The use of acetone or other solvents not intended for this purpose is not recommended.
Oxide layer remover. Its role can be an ordinary pig or a device that is installed directly on the pipe. For larger diameters, using the second one is preferable. The fact is that it is necessary not only to create a rough surface, but to remove about 0.1 mm of material so that adhesion can occur.
Welding machine. In this case, a special development is used. Its task is to supply a specific voltage to the coupling for a certain period of time. It is assembled using semiconductors, which explains its efficiency and high performance. On the front panel, as a rule, there is a digital display, which makes it possible to check the correctness of the entered data. The design includes a port for connecting a scanner; it is necessary to automatically enter the required parameters through the barcode that is printed on the fitting. Information about the work done is recorded in the internal memory and can subsequently be transferred to a flash drive if there is a USB port.
Retainer or positioner. For this type of connection, it has a slightly different structure than in the previous case. Its main purpose is to compensate for ovality that may be present due to the pipe being stored in a coil or under load.
Pipe cutter In order for the edges to be flat and without jagged edges, it is advisable to use this particular tool. A hacksaw and a knife will be bad helpers in this case.
Permanent marker. It should be white or yellow so that the applied marks are clearly visible on the pipe.
Roulette.

To achieve perfect result, you will need to follow the following steps:

The ends are being prepared. To do this, they are cut using a pipe cutter.
Using a tape measure, measure the total length of the coupling.
Each pipe is marked. It should be located from the edge at a distance of half the size of the fitting plus 2 cm of margin.
Removed upper layer, in which a reaction with oxygen occurred. To make it easier to maintain uniformity, it is necessary to apply several longitudinal lines from the mark to the end. As the tool progresses, it will be clear which part has not been sufficiently covered.
The end will be chamfered into a cone to make it easier for the pipe to enter the fitting.
A positioner is installed on each pipe. It is clamped until the pipe is perfectly round.
Both the pipe itself and the inner walls of the fitting are treated with a degreasing composition.
The coupling is placed on the pipe up to half the depth of its size. Usually there is a limiter inside that will not allow you to go further.
The second pipe is brought in and inserted.
The evenness of the entire plane is checked.
The terminals from the welding machine are connected to special connectors.
A scanner is used to read the applied barcode.
The entire process is launched. It is important to wait not only for the welding time, but also for the complete cooling time, which is also shown on the display. During this period, you must not touch or try to change the configuration of the equipment. This can lead to poor quality articulation.
At the end of the procedure, data about the operator, time, temperature and date are applied to the joint.

There are basic mistakes that are very important to avoid. For example, it is necessary that the pipe and fitting are not at an angle. This will cause the molten mass to simply flow out. If the ovality is not compensated, then the coupling will simply be impossible to put on, or the formation of a monolithic adhesion will not occur. If the pipe is not immersed at an insufficient level, the spiral will simply melt the material inside, but jointing will not occur.

Installation of cross-linked polyethylene pipes

This type of pipe is rather an exception to the rule. It can withstand temperatures up to 120° and can be safely used for heating and hot water supply systems. This material is produced by bombardment with ions, which leads to the formation of a unique structural lattice. It is this that is the key to strength. Interestingly, when exposed to temperatures above 400°C, the material breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Others interesting characteristics are:

Resistant to low temperatures. The pipe feels good even at -50°. In this case, physical impact does not have a detrimental effect.
High elasticity. The pipe can be bent in half without breaking.
Resistance to cracks during operation.
High smoothness inner surface. This reduces noise during water circulation.
The product shrinks. When exposed to sufficiently high pressure, the material tends to expand and after some time take its original shape.
Abrasion resistance. This means that the pipe can be walled up in the screed and not worry that something will happen to it.

Installation can be carried out using two types of fittings:

Threaded. In this case, no special tool is required, and general process resembles the installation of metal-plastic pipes.
Crimping. For this option you will need a special expander and a special hand vice.

The process for the first option boils down to the following steps:

Using scissors, the pipe of the required size is cut.
The nut is unscrewed from the fitting and the o-ring is removed.
The nut is first put on the pipe and then the O-ring.
The part of the pipe that will fit onto the fitting is flared.
The O-ring is moved as close to the fitting as possible.
With one wrench The connector is held, the nut is tightened second. It moves the seal to the designated position and further presses the pipe walls.

With the crimping method, everything happens as follows:

A ring is put on the pipe. It moves from the edge to the distance that the inside of the fitting will extend.
A head of the required diameter is installed on the expander. It is inserted into the pipe and the handles are compressed. Then they quickly unclench, the tool rotates a little, sinks a little deeper and the handles are brought together again. Such actions are carried out until the end rests against the limiter.
The fitting is inserted.
Using a hand vice, the ring is pressed onto top part connections.

Note! There is another progressive method. Instead of a metal ring, a special polymer is used. It is put on the pipe so that part of it protrudes by 1 mm. Then the pipe expands along with it. When the fitting is inserted, automatic shrinking occurs. Within an hour, the rigidity of the connection reaches such a level that it can withstand a pressure of 15 atmospheres.

Perhaps you also had experience when installing a water supply system from polyethylene pipes or other communications. Share your best practices and tricks acquired in the process. Leave comments on the article.

Installation of a water supply system from polyethylene pipes is the process of creating a pipeline for an uninterrupted supply of water to a house or site. The assembly of a structure made from this material is simple and even a beginner can do it. The construction of a water supply system made of polyethylene pipes and its installation will be discussed in this article.

Features of the design of water supply pipes made of polyethylene pipes

A water supply system made of polyethylene pipes is a system consisting of a central main line with branches through which water flows to plumbing fixtures or taps. Individual parts of the structure are welded or connected with special parts - fittings.

Various modifications of polyethylene pipes are used in the water supply system, differing in characteristics and purpose:

Pipe type	Application
PE63	For cold water with low pressure
PE80, PE100	For cold water under pressure
PE-RT	For cold water and short-term hot water
PEX	For supplying cold and hot water
PEX/AL/PEX	For organizing cold and hot water supply in critical places

The following types of connectors are used in the design:

Electric welded fittings. Used for electrofusion welding of workpieces. Products are equipped heating elements made of wire. When it is heated, the plastic melts and fixes the elements.
Compression fittings. With their help, pipes are fastened manually. The principle of their installation is the same as when installing metal-plastic blanks. The difference is in the material of the connector - they are made of thick polyethylene with a tapered thread.
Cast spingot fittings. Such parts do not have an electric coil for heating the products. The plastic is melted with a soldering iron. Made in the form of tees, crosses, bushings to obtain branches and turns.
Reducing fittings. Unlike other connectors, they can be threaded. Often used for attaching lines to radiators, meters and other equipment.

Polyethylene pipes are connected in two ways - collapsible and non-dismountable. The first option includes the assembly of products using special couplings, the second - butt welding.

For creating collapsible connection It is necessary to first attach the couplings to the pipes and then screw them to each other. This joint can withstand 10 atm.

The photo shows polyethylene fittings for pipes

Welding of polyethylene pipes- this is a compound that is formed during mutual penetration in the molten state with subsequent cooling of the edges of the workpieces, resulting in the formation monolithic construction. It is performed using special equipment for polyethylene products.

There are several types of welding of polyethylene pipes for water supply:

Electrofusion welding. Indispensable when installing pipes in trenches, narrow wells and other places where it is impossible to weld products using traditional soldering. The method is considered quite expensive due to special fittings. Electrofusion welding is used to connect pipes with a diameter of 1.1-5 cm, with a small amount of work and when inserting branches into the main line.
Butt welding. The most common method of joining polyethylene pipes. The edges of the workpieces are melted with a special soldering iron, then they are joined under pressure. To weld pipes with a diameter of more than 50 mm, special equipment is used to ensure a high-quality joint.
Welding using spigot fittings. It is used to connect structures with a diameter of more than 6.3 cm. During the installation process, the ends are heated until they soften, and then connected under pressure.

How to make a water pipe from polyethylene pipes?

You can assemble a water supply different ways, but always in a certain sequence. First, a project is developed and all components of the structure are purchased. Then you can begin construction work.

Preparatory work before installation of polyethylene pipes

At the first stage of installation, it is necessary to develop a water supply system made of polyethylene pipes. On the sketch, show the route from the source to the connection points, indicating the main line and branches. In the diagram, provide for the location of compensators for linear expansion of the structure.

Due to the expansion of plastic, secure the pipes with specially designed clips that allow the lines to move when heated.

The route can be drawn openly in special trays or closed in grooves. Determine the dimensions of polyethylene pipes for water supply, the number of fittings and decide how to connect the sections.

The construction market is saturated with polyethylene pipes for water supply, but quality products can only be purchased in large stores construction stores. Check the product carefully:

There should be no mechanical damage on the workpieces: chips, cracks, nicks.
Do not buy a cheap product, which may indicate low-quality plastic.
All the main characteristics of polyethylene pipes for water supply are marked on the surface (diameter, permissible pressure, temperature, purpose).

If you have any doubts about the quality of the product, ask the seller to provide a certificate of conformity.

Installation of polyethylene pipes using spigot fittings

The photo shows the connection of polyethylene pipes for water supply with fittings

To connect sections of polyethylene pipes you will need the following tools:

Soldering iron for welding sections. It is usually sold complete with nozzles of different diameters.
Scissors for cutting blanks. With their help, the cut is smooth, no need to additional processing ends.

The sequence of installation of polyethylene pipes for water supply using fittings:

Slice required amount blanks according to the water supply diagram.
Make a chamfer at the ends of the products at an angle of 45 degrees.
Place a soldering iron next to the main line. Install nozzles on it, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the pipe and fitting.
Place the blanks on the attachments.
Turn on the device. Optimal temperature heating polyethylene - 270 degrees. If there is a regulator, it can be set manually. In simpler devices, the settings are already made at the factory.
After the indicator signal, quickly remove the pipe and fitting from the soldering iron and connect them. Do not touch the joint for several minutes until the plastic hardens. Joints should not be forcibly cooled so as not to reduce the quality of the joint.
All elements of the route are attached in a similar way.
Connect the main to the water supply and check each joint for leaks.

The photo shows tools for electrofusion welding of polyethylene pipes

To install polyethylene pipes for water supply with your own hands using electric couplings, you will need the following equipment and materials:

Welding machine. Its function is to apply voltage to the clutch for a specified period of time. The product is assembled using semiconductors, which provide high efficiency and productivity. The device is equipped with a digital display to control the entered parameters. Some models have a place to connect a scanner, which allows you to enter fitting parameters into the device via a barcode on the connector.
Positioner. Its purpose is to compensate for the ovality of the pipe that appears when the product is improperly stored and transported.
Pipe cutter. With its help, the edges of the pipe after cutting are flat and without jagged edges. When using electrofusion welding, it is not recommended to use a knife or hacksaw for such purposes.
Pipe cleaning liquid. Removes fat and other deposits from the welded surface. Often comes with fittings. Do not clean parts with products not intended for polyethylene.
Oxide Glue Remover. Designed to remove the top 0.1 mm thick layer of plastic to create a rough surface. The puller can be replaced with an ordinary scraper.

The photo shows the process of electrofusion welding of polyethylene pipes for water supply

Installation of polyethylene pipes for water supply using electrofusion welding is performed in the following sequence:

Use a pipe cutter to cut the pieces to the dimensions indicated on the plumbing diagram.
Measure the length of the coupling.
Use a marker to place a mark on each piece at a distance of half the coupling plus 2 cm from the edge of the pipe.
Remove the top layer in which the plastic reacted with oxygen.
Make a chamfer at the end to facilitate the connection between the pipe and the connector.
Make sure that the product is not oval, otherwise the coupling will not be able to be put on, or a monolithic solder will not work.
Place a positioner on each pipe and clamp it until it is perfectly round.
Clean the surfaces of the elements from dust and degrease with a special compound.
Insert the pipe into the electrofusion fitting half its length. Usually there is a limiter inside that does not allow you to go further. The mating surfaces must touch or be located on minimum distance from each other.
Connect the second pipe in the same way.
Connect the welding terminals to the special connectors.
Use a scanner to read the barcode on the fitting.
Connect to helix electrical voltage. Within a short period of time, the polyethylene will soften to the state of viscous sour cream. Diffusion will occur and the two parts will become one. After cooling, the material becomes solid again.

During hardening, it is prohibited to change the configuration of the line.

Compared to other methods, electrofusion welding of polyethylene pipes has the following advantages:

Reduces the likelihood of performing docking errors.
The procedure is absolutely safe for others.
Connects fixed elements.
The internal diameter of the line does not decrease.
Ability to join workpieces with different diameters and wall thicknesses.
Electricity consumption is minimal.

The photo shows a centralizer and a trimmer for butt welding of polyethylene pipes

It is used when installing polyethylene pipes with a diameter of more than 50 mm.

Prepare the following equipment:

Centralizer. Consists of two halves, one of them is movable. They allow you to center the pipes. The frame drive for creating pressure can be manual or hydraulic. Manual feed is used for assembling pipes with a diameter of up to 160 mm. The hydraulic unit is equipped with a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure generated by the device.
Trimmer. Small cutting electric tool with two heads for high-quality processing of pipe ends.
Heater. A type of soldering iron for melting the edges of workpieces. The most simple device is a “welding mirror”. It is used when welding products without a centralizer and a trimmer for the installation of non-pressure lines.

The photo shows the process of butt welding polyethylene pipes for water supply

The process of butt welding polyethylene pipes for water supply occurs as follows:

Make sure there is no ovalness at the end of the pipe.
Measure the thickness of the product at the joint, which should be the same. Fulfilling the condition will ensure maximum strength of the connection after welding.
Install a centralizer next to the route. Place the pipes in it in a position where you can install a heater between them. Make sure they are aligned.
Secure the workpieces with clamps, 2 for each pipe. Tighten the rear clamp first. Bring the front one to touch and screw it in with a little force so that ovality does not appear.
Set the device to soldering pressure. To do this, bleed the air from the device system and re-tighten the valve until the centralizer begins to move.
Adjust the pressure required for soldering. Usually the value is indicated in the table supplied with the device.
Clean the pipe connections from dirt, sand and other debris.
Install a trimmer near the edge of the product. Turn it on and move the workpiece to the machine, which will chamfer the end 2x45. Repeat the operation on the other pipe.
Bleed the air and move apart the parts of the centerer.
Move the device until it touches the elements and make sure that their alignment is not disturbed.
Wash surfaces with alcohol or a special solvent.
Heat the soldering iron to 270 degrees.
Before connecting polyethylene pipes for water supply, set the planned soldering time on the device, determined from the table.
Place the heater tip between the workpieces.
Move the pipes to the soldering iron and leave until a 1mm thick bead is formed.
Time your welding. After it expires, remove the soldering iron.
Very quickly move the products towards each other with a centralizer until they make contact and leave under pressure for 5 seconds.
Release the pressure and time it to cool down. The plastic must harden naturally, without acceleration, otherwise the strength of the joint will deteriorate.

When installing a water supply system made of polyethylene pipes, follow our recommendations:

Throughout the entire process, monitor the temperature of the soldering iron, control the heating of the parts being connected, the height of the burr, and the pressure on the joint.
Carry out work on a flat plane.
Perform docking if the alignment of the connected elements is maintained. Axial deviation is no more than 10% of the product thickness.
During the procedure, close the opposite ends of the pipes to prevent drafts from cooling the molten mass.
Place the products in the centralizer so that the markings on their surface are located along the same line.
Before the procedure, perform a test operation during which microparticles are removed from the heater. Wipe the surface of the trimmer with a clean cloth before use.

Installation of cross-linked polyethylene pipes for water supply

The photo shows the process of connecting cross-linked polyethylene pipes

Sections of cross-linked polyethylene are connected with threaded fittings. To work, you will need the simplest tools - scissors, wrenches for tightening nuts, and a tape measure.

The process of laying cross-linked polyethylene water pipes goes like this:

Use scissors to trim the edge of the pipe.
Bevel the ends at a 45 degree angle.
Remove the nut and O-ring from the fitting.
Place the nut on the pipe and then the ring.
Flare the piece that fits onto the connector.
Wet the surface with soapy water.
Slide the O-ring towards the fitting.
Push the connector onto the pipe until it stops.
Hold the fitting with one wrench and screw the nut with the other. It will press the ends of the products against each other.
After assembling the entire line, check for leaks at the joint by supplying water under operating pressure.

The price of installing a water supply system made of polyethylene pipes

When determining the cost of work, many nuances must be taken into account. The price of installing a water supply system made of polyethylene pipes is influenced by the following factors:

Line length, room area;
Diameter of polyethylene pipes for water supply;
Number of connected plumbing fixtures;
Complexity of the water supply project, special wishes of the customer;
Lack of convenience during installation work;
Options for laying the route - hidden or open;
Location of the object from the place of residence of the master;
The quality of the material used - you have to spend more time and effort on second-rate products;
Wiring type;
A method for attaching pieces of polyethylene pipes to each other;
Availability of electricity at the work site.

Price construction work can be reduced if expensive equipment is rented. Prices for renting equipment in construction stores are low, but you can use high-quality devices.

Price for installing a water supply system made of polyethylene pipes in Ukraine:

Operation	Price
	105-250 UAH. at the joint
	110-300 UAH. at the joint
	15-40 UAH/p.m.
Pipe fastening	From 12 UAH. dot
Ball valve installation	From 30 UAH. dot
	70-150 UAH/p.m.

Price for installing a water supply system made of polyethylene pipes in Russia:

Operation	Price
Butt welding of pipes with a diameter of 63-110 mm	300-600 rub. at the joint
Electrofusion welding with a diameter of 25-110 mm	300-800 rub. at the joint
Installation of a pipeline with a diameter of 20-32 mm	250-300 rub./p.m.
Pipe fastening	From 80 rub. dot
Ball valve installation	From 150 rub. dot
Grooving to hide pipes in the wall	350-800 rub/sq.m.

How to make a water supply system from polyethylene pipes - watch the video:

Installation work on the construction of a pipeline made of polyethylene pipes can be carried out independently from start to finish, saving money and time. If all assembly rules are followed, the design will ensure a reliable water supply for a long time. You can drink it without fear, it will be odorless and taste good.