A comfortable microclimate is one of the very important components in the life of every person. Well-being and performance directly depend on it. But it is not always possible to achieve it using conventional microclimatic devices.

Ventilation with heating will become great solution to create a comfortable and cozy atmosphere in room. Adjustment of the microclimate device allows you to adjust the temperature and amount of inflow fresh air, which will make you feel comfortable.

Due to the variety of modes and ease of use, supply ventilation with heating is relevant in in public places, in industries and in residential areas.

What is forced air ventilation with air heating?

Ventilation with an influx of air masses differs from standard air conditioning systems. The principle of its operation is to draw air from the outside. Thus, in addition to cooling and heating, such ventilation enriches the room with oxygen, while conventional air conditioning systems simply circulate the air in the room.

The supply air is heated in the ventilation unit. Ventilation unit supply ventilation with heating has high heat transfer. Therefore, even during severe frosts, ventilation continuously supplies masses of fresh hot air.

Ventilation with heating is carried out through air exchange. Circulation and heating of the influx of air masses is carried out in supply and exhaust units with a recuperator. Air drawn from outside is heated in the recuperator due to the temperature of the exhaust air masses. The recuperator prevents the mixing of “exhaust” and supply fresh air.

Another way to heat the supply ventilation is through recirculation. With this heating method, fresh air masses are mixed with “spent” ones. The air flow from the street heats up to desired temperature and served indoors.

Design features of the device

Main elements of supply ventilation

• Air intake grille. Acts as an aesthetic design and a barrier that protects debris particles in the supply air masses.
• Supply ventilation valve. Its purpose is to block the passage of cold air from outside into winter period and hot - in the summer. You can make it work automatically using an electric drive.
• Filters. Their purpose is to clean incoming air. I require replacement every 6 months.
• Water heater, electric heating elements - designed to heat incoming air masses.
• For rooms with small area It is recommended to use ventilation systems with electric heating elements; for large spaces - a water heater.

Additional items

• Fans.
• Diffusers (contribute to the distribution of air flow masses).
• Noise muffler.
• Recuperator.

The design of ventilation directly depends on the type and method of installation of the system. They come in passive and active action.

Passive ventilation systems.

This device is a supply ventilation valve. The scooping of street air masses occurs due to a pressure difference. In cold weather, the temperature difference contributes to the discharge; in warm periods, the exhaust fan assists. Regulation of such ventilation can be automatic or manual.

Automated regulation directly depends on:

• the flow rate of air masses passing through the ventilation;
• air humidity in the room.

The disadvantage of the system is that in winter, such ventilation for heating the house is not effective, since a large temperature difference is created.

On the wall

Refers to the passive type of supply ventilation. This installation has a compact box that is mounted on the wall. To control heating it is equipped with an LCD display and a control panel. The operating principle is to recuperate internal and external air masses. To heat the room, this device is placed near the heating radiator.

Active ventilation systems

Since in such systems it is possible to regulate the intensity of the fresh air supply, such ventilation systems are more in demand for heating and warming up the room.

According to the heating principle, such a supply heater can be water or electric.

Water heater

Powered by a heating system. The operating principle of this ventilation system is to circulate air through a system of channels and tubes, inside of which there is hot water or a special liquid. In this case, heating occurs in a heat exchanger built into the centralized heating system.

Electric heater.

The operating principle of the system is to convert electrical energy into heat using an electric heating element.

Breezer

This is a compact device, small in size for supply ventilation, with heating. To supply fresh air, this device is attached to the wall of the room.

Breezer Tion o2

Breather design tion o2:

• A duct consisting of an air intake and an air duct. This is a sealed and insulated tube through which the device draws air from the outside.
• Air delay valve. This element represents air gap. It is designed to prevent the outflow of warm air while the device is turned off.
• Filtration system. It consists of three filters that are installed in a certain sequence. The first two filters clean the air flow from visible contaminants. The third filter is a deep cleaning filter from bacteria and allergens. It purifies incoming air from various odors and exhaust gases.
• Fan for air supply from outside.
• Ceramic heater, which is equipped with climate control. Responsible for heating the inflow air flow and automatic temperature control.

Operating principle of compact ventilation.

1. Masses of street air pass through the air intake, which is equipped with a plastic grille closed type. Thus, air masses are filtered from debris and insects.
2. The air then passes through the duct into the body of the device. To protect the walls from freezing, it is made of sound-heat-insulating plastic pipe. In this case, all joints are sealed.
3. Then, coarse and medium dust are filtered using special filters built into the device.
4. After which the air mass passes into the heater and warms up to the temperature set by the climate control. On such a device you can set the desired temperature (up to +25°C) and the system will maintain it automatically.
5. After heating, the air undergoes two-stage filtration to remove fine dust, odors, gases and allergens, enters the fan and is discharged into the room.

This supply ventilation can be controlled remotely using a remote control.

The bottom device is installed within one hour.

Supply ventilation device with air heating

There are two types of units for supply ventilation:

1. Monoblock - they are made up of one block, which is installed at the inlet of the air duct. This block contains all the necessary devices, without exception, that ensure high-quality and reliable service of the ventilation structure. This type of device is often generally installed in the wall or in window frames. This method is considered the simplest and least expensive. But in practice it is quite ineffective, since the placement of its intake fans does not make it possible to cover many areas of the building.
2. Mounting - these supply ventilation systems are powerful enough to cover high-rise buildings, industrial premises large areas, apartment buildings.

Supply ventilation schemes

The simplest type of installation:

• Air filter,
• blower fan,
• A heating element.

How to heat supply air using a recuperator?

Recuperators are divided into 2 types:

1. Rotary- work using electricity. Have a body cylindrical, in which the rotor element is mounted. It constantly rotates between the “incoming” and “exhaust” air valves. Quite a large item. Efficiency – up to 87%.
2. Lamellar. Such recuperators consist of united plates. Supply and “exhaust” air move towards each other through different valves. This helps prevent recirculation. Such recuperators are usually small in size.

Duct heaters.

A duct heater (or heater) is a device that heats the air in a room. It consists of pipes within which water, steam or hot air circulates.

According to the principle of thermal output, duct heaters are divided into: electric and water. Water heaters must be connected to central systems heating.

How to use a fan heater

The main purpose of a fan heater is to heat air masses. For more intense circulation of flows, the fan forces air into the air. It does this device universal.

Options for operating the fan heater:

• This device can be used as the main source of heat supply to a room that does not have central heating.
• The fan heater can complement the main heating system.
• For heating construction sites and workers for them.
• For quickly heating air in a small room.
• The fan heater can be used as a regular fan: in winter for heating, in summer for cooling the air.
• For ventilation and heating of enclosed spaces.

How to calculate power

When choosing supply ventilation with heating, you need to correctly calculate its power. To do this, you should be guided by the following parameters:

• Type of premises and its area - apartment or house (one floor or several, availability ground floor, non-residential premises), office, factory, gym, etc.

In industrial facilities with large areas and in rooms with special operating conditions, a special exhaust unit with heated air is used.

• Ventilated room layout.

For household objects, the location of the rooms is important, whether they are walk-through or isolated. The number and location of ventilation devices will depend on such indicators.

• The purpose of the room space and the number of people constantly staying there.

When designing a supply ventilation system with heating, you need to take into account the type of room, its purpose and the likely number of people who will constantly stay in it. In accordance with European standards, air exchange should be 12-20 m3 per person per hour.

• Availability of additional equipment (industrial facilities, offices), operational features. If there is a lot of equipment in the room such as: computers, typewriters, welders, ovens, etc. when selecting installation supply and exhaust system this must be taken into account. The features of the operation of the premises are also important. Since the installation, which is intended for use in private homes, is in no way suitable for bath complexes, with sauna and swimming pool.

Significant differences in the supply air exhaust units also for different climatic zones.

Heating a room with an appliance that is not designed for this purpose can be deadly. Short circuits in houses, electricity, gas leaks - these are far from full list problems that may arise and lead to great difficulties.

Experts say: the owner needs to be especially careful gas stoves. It just seems that an open fire heats better. In fact, it significantly spoils the air, making the situation even worse.

What to consider

Heating a room with an oven is quite easy. However, it is worth considering that if you open an electric oven, your stove will immediately start working harder, because. it will have to heat a much larger surface than the one for which it is designed. And this leads to an increase in energy consumption, and to faster wear of the furnace, and to the likelihood short circuit. After all, if the wiring is old and weak, it simply may not withstand such abuse.

Putting something in an open oven to cook (so that the oven supposedly works as intended) is not an option. After all, she does not have enough power to perform her direct duties.

As for gas stoves, the situation is even more serious. After all, such furnaces emit nitrogen dioxide into the atmosphere, and quite high level. And this is a rather dangerous carcinogen, leading to very unexpected consequences. For example, it can worsen asthma in children prone to this disease. Preschool children are especially affected.

If the ventilation system in the house also does not work well, you risk getting serious poisoning with the help of such heating of the premises.

And no amount of ventilation will help and you can’t heat the room with an oven. Moreover, opening the window and turning on gas oven, you are not providing the proper level of heating. And as a result, you poison yourself more than you insulate your room.

What to do

The only sensible option that can be offered to those who like to warm themselves by the stove is the purchase of an air conditioner or heater. Electrical appliances create comfortable temperature indoors in minutes. Moreover, they are completely safe for humans and do not cause the development of serious diseases such as asthma or other respiratory problems.

If possible, it is better to make a fireplace in the room. Let it be small, but real. Firewood does not emit toxic substances when burned, as a result of which the room is heated and does not cause harm to health.

And be sure to contact your housing office to resolve the issue with the room temperature. Perhaps your housing office will reconsider the conditions for supplying heat if the whole house is suffering just like you.

Ivanova Nadezhda Ivanovna
Job title: geography teacher
Educational institution: MKOU Kumylzhenskaya Secondary School No. 1 named after A.D. Znamensky
Locality: Kumylzhenskaya village, Volgograd region
Name of material: Lesson summary
Subject: How air heats up
Publication date: 18.08.2016
Chapter: secondary education

Lesson on “How does it heat up?” atmospheric air» Lesson objectives Educational: to continue to develop students’ knowledge about the atmosphere; create conditions for students to develop an understanding of the patterns of heating of atmospheric air from the earth's surface; introduce children to the concepts: air temperature, daily temperature range; teach to establish cause-and-effect relationships between air temperature, the height of the Sun above the horizon and the nature of the underlying surface; teach students to perform practical tasks on measuring air temperature. Developmental: create conditions for the development of cognitive interest, intellectual and creative abilities of students; promote the development of skills of independent work with geographical texts, textbooks, diagrams, make generalizations and conclusions; continue the formation of geographical thinking. Educational: continue to cultivate interest in the world around us; promote the development of communication skills; formation of an emotional and value-based attitude to the world, increasing interest in studying the subject. Planned results. Personal: awareness of the value of geographical knowledge, how essential component scientific picture of the world. Meta-subject: the ability to organize one’s activities, determine its goals and objectives, the ability to conduct independent search, analysis, selection of information, the ability to interact with people and work in a team; express judgments, confirming them with facts; mastering practical skills in working with a textbook. Subject: knowledge and explanation essential features concepts, using them to solve educational problems. Universal learning activities (UAL). Personal: realize the need to study the topic. Regulatory: plan your activities under the guidance of a teacher, evaluate the work of classmates, work in accordance with the assigned task, compare the results obtained with the expected ones. Cognitive: extract, select and analyze information, extract new knowledge from electronic educational resources, process information to obtain the required result. Communicative: be able to communicate and interact with each other (in small group and in a team). Lesson type – lesson on learning new knowledge. Forms of organization of student activities - group (the class is divided into 3 groups), individual, problem-based, practical assignments. Equipment for the teacher: - presentation for the lesson; computer, projector.
During the classes. 1. Organizational stage. Goal: emotionally - a positive attitude towards the lesson, creating an atmosphere of success and trust. We continue to study the Earth's geosphere. In the previous lesson we completed the study of the topic “Lithosphere”. Let's remember what it consists of? ( earth's crust and upper mantle). The shell that we will begin to study today began to form from gases that were released from the earth's crust. What is this shell called? (atmosphere) This topic is familiar to you, because... it was studied in the first part " Beginner course geography". We learned that atmospheric air consists of gases, determined the boundaries of the atmosphere, and examined its structure. We have found that the atmosphere ensures the existence of life on Earth and has a great influence on different sides people's lives. Question: Why do living organisms need oxygen? (oxidation organic matter, energy release). Energy is necessary for all life processes. 2. Setting goals and objectives for the lesson. Motivation for learning activities. The topic of today's lesson is also related to energy. Let's remember the sources of energy, thanks to which all processes on Earth occur ( internal energy Earth and solar energy). The atmosphere is a very mobile shell; everything that happens in it occurs thanks to solar energy. Sun - main source, a source of heat and light.
Lesson topic: “How air heats up”
Let's formulate questions on a new topic: 1. How does the air heat up? 2. Why different areas Does the earth's surface heat up unequally? 3. What factors influence air temperature? 4. How does the temperature change during the day? 5. What is the daily amplitude of temperature fluctuations? Purpose of the lesson: to study the patterns of air heating. To understand how air heats up, what property of air we must remember (transparency). Which statement do you think is correct: 1) The sun's rays heat the air; 2) The air is heated by the earth's surface. The sun's rays pass through the transparent atmosphere without heating it; they reach the earth's surface, heat it, and from it the air subsequently heats up. Pattern 1: atmospheric air is heated from the Earth's surface. 3. Primary assimilation of new knowledge. Teacher: It is known that about one two-billionth of the energy emitted by the Sun reaches the upper boundary of the atmosphere. But even such a small part of solar energy does not fully reach the Earth's surface. According to scientists, for every square centimeter the surface located at the upper boundary of the atmosphere receives approximately as much solar energy every minute as is necessary to heat 1 g of water by 2 ° C. This means that on 1 km² of the surface of the upper boundary of the atmosphere an amount of solar energy is received equal to the power of a thousand very large power plants. 3.1. Independent work to study new material. Next stage - research in groups. Group 1 studies the distribution of solar energy (Fig. 73 p. 124) 20% of solar energy is absorbed and scattered in the troposphere, 31% is reflected from the earth's surface, 45% of the solar energy flow reaches the Earth and is absorbed by it, i.e. is spent on heating. Pattern 2: 45% of solar energy is spent on heating the earth's surface.
Group 2 answers the question: What is the underlying surface? How does it affect the distribution of solar heat? The surface of the Earth that interacts with the atmosphere, exchanging heat and moisture with it, is called
underlying surface.
Different areas of the earth's surface reflect and absorb different quantities solar energy. Freshly fallen snow reflects - 70 - 90%, soil 5 - 10%, water up to 5%. Pattern 3: various areas The earth's surface heats up unevenly. Group 3 answers the question: How does the amount of surface heating depend on the angle of incidence of sunlight? The amount of surface heating depends on the angle of incidence of the rays, because the same amount of heat falls on different surface areas. The greater the angle of incidence of the rays (i.e. the Sun is higher above the horizon), the greater the amount of heat and light that falls per unit surface area and the higher the heating temperature of the underlying surface. The height of the Sun above the horizon depends on geographic latitude. Question: How does the height of the Sun above the horizon change depending on geographic latitude? Pattern 4: Temperature changes from the equator to the poles. 3.2. Heating of atmospheric air. (students independently determine the pattern of temperature changes with height) Troposphere 1 km. – by 6 °C. At the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere, temperatures range from -83° to -53°C. In the lower part of the stratosphere, the decrease in temperature with height stops, and it remains approximately constant above 25 km. t begins to increase, reaching a maximum value of about 0°C at the boundary of the stratosphere and mesosphere. Practical task: 1. Determine geographical position Mount Kilimanjaro, height. 2. Calculate the air temperature at the top, if at the bottom t + 25 ° C. 1000m - 6 ° C 5895m - ? 1) 5895 * 6:1000 = 35 ° 2) 25 – 35 = -10 ° C Pattern 5: Air temperature changes with altitude. The higher you are above the Earth, the less air there is: in the mountains at an altitude of 3000 m above sea level it is already difficult to breathe. Even trained climbers climb the highest peak of the planet Everest with oxygen masks. If a passenger on an airplane flying at an altitude of 10 km breathes air overboard, he will lose consciousness. Almost all the air in the atmosphere is concentrated in a layer up to 10-12 km above the Earth's surface.
Reference and information material

Some information about temperature
The maximum average annual temperature (+34.4° C) was recorded in 1960 in Danlole (Ethiopia). The minimum average annual temperature (-57.8° C) was recorded in 1958 at the Pole of Inaccessibility (Antarctica). The average annual temperature on Earth is +14° C (in the ground layer). The coldest permanently inhabited place on Earth (-68° C) is Oymyakon (Russia).
Items

Temperature
The hottest areas of the earth North America Death Valley (California) + 56.7 (07/10/1913) Africa Tripoli (North Africa) + 58 (09/13/1922)
The coldest works of the earth North America Greenland island - 66.1 Eurasia Verkhoyansk - 69.8 Eurasia Oymyakon - 72 (1933) Antarctica Vostok station - 88.3 (1958) Patterns of air heating Factors Atmospheric air is heated from the surface of the Earth Geographic latitude ( angle of incidence of solar rays) 45% of solar energy is spent on heating the earth's surface. Underlying surface Different parts of the earth's surface heat up differently. Altitude Temperature varies from the equator to the poles. Air temperature changes with altitude. The task is to establish cause and effect relationships. (establish the relationship between geographic latitude, the height of the Sun above the horizon, the underlying surface and air temperature). Geographic latitude > height of the Sun above the horizon > heating of the earth's surface > air temperature. Air temperature is one of the most important characteristics weather and climate. Air temperature is the degree of heating of the air, determined using a thermometer. 3.3 Temperature changes during the day. Analysis of the table p. 126 (Daily variation of air t in Moscow on June 3, 2005 in cloudy weather). Moscow time 01:00 04:00 07:00 10:00 13:00 16:00 19:00 22:00 01:00 (04.06) Air temperature, ° C +10 +9 +8 +12 +14 +16 +15 +13 +12 Conclusion: At night the air temperature drops because... The earth's surface was not heated by the sun's rays. After sunrise, t continues to decrease, the heating of the earth's surface in the first hours of dawn is insignificant. The minimum daily variation t of air was recorded two hours after sunrise - +8 ° C, then the underlying surface began to heat up, the greatest heating of the earth's surface occurs at solar noon, when the height of the Sun is greatest. An increase in t occurs during 2-3 afternoon hours, when the underlying surface continued to give off its heat to the surface layer of air. Therefore, the maximum was recorded at 16.00 - +16 ° C. Then t began to decrease again.
Daily air t amplitude
is the difference between the highest and lowest air temperatures. A = 16 - 8 ° C = 8 ° C
3.4 Primary consolidation.
Questions
1) How is atmospheric air heated? 2) How does air temperature change with altitude? 3) How to find out the daily amplitude of air temperature? 4) Why are it colder in the morning and evening than during the day? 5) Why is it warmer in the tropics than at the poles? 6) In what weather - cloudy or cloudless - is the daily temperature range higher? Why? 7) Which of the following statements is true: a) air temperature increases with altitude, b) air temperature decreases with altitude? 8) Air temperature is determined using: a) barometer, b) thermometer, c) weather vane
Problematic question
In the central regions of the Sahara, for almost 4 months the air temperature in the shade is more than 40 ° C. At the same time, at the equator, where the angle of incidence of the sun's rays is greatest, the temperature does not exceed +26 ° C. How can you explain this? 3.5 Information about D/Z. § 24, workbook. On Saturday, observe the air temperature at 9:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00. Enter the data into a table, calculate the amplitude t, and draw a graph. Hours 9 hours 12 hours 15 hours 18 hours 21 hours t 3.6. Reflection Summarize today's lesson. What new have we learned? Have all lesson objectives been achieved? Who do you think can be graded for the lesson today? What ratings would you give yourself?

The fireplace insert will heat not only the room where it is located, but thanks to ventilation the entire house. By combining hot air and hot water supply, you will not require gas or electricity for heating.

Select cheap heating Houses.

In addition to heating a large living room with a classic fireplace, you can choose three other ways to heat your house or cottage. Technically more complex and a little more expensive breeding system hot water from the fireplace.Most often used hot air heating.Not as often, but more effectively use of a combined heating system. This means distributing hot water for heating radiators and heating with air.

And one fireplace is enough for this. You might be surprised how cheap this heating system is.

Heating with hot air.

It is cheaper and technically simpler to heat a house or cottage using a warm air distribution system. A big advantage compared to heating hot water is that it is heated immediately as soon as the fire starts. Summer residents will undoubtedly appreciate this when they come to a cold dacha. This heating method, together with modern wall insulation, quality windows and materials capable of accumulating heat with high-quality installation of the system allows you to forget about heating with gas or electricity. To install this system, in addition to the fireplace insert, it is enough to buy ventilation, aluminum tubes, insulation and grilles for venting into the room, and you can begin installing the system.

How it works.

Through the lower pipe, with the help of small fans, the fireplace insert receives cold air from the premises. If the house is large, a ventilation system is installed. It is not recommended to bring in cold air from the street, because it stops circulating in the room - cold air settles near the floor, hot air rises to the ceiling. Cold air at room temperature is sufficient.

The incoming air quickly heats up to a very high temperature. Most inserts create output high temperature, therefore only aluminum pipes are connected to the heater. They will withstand 300 degrees of heat. If a pipe with insulation intended for indoor distribution (insulation made of glass wool and foil) was connected to the heater, the foil would burn. These special tubes can withstand temperatures up to 130 degrees Celsius. The same applies to gratings.

After connection aluminum pipes, there are two solutions.

1. Complete the distribution system in the wall, for example, in the corridor, with a heat-resistant grille. This is the case if air circulation is used to further distribute heat throughout the house, for example, through the stairs to the first floor. This option can also be used in combined system(water-air).

2. Connect the aluminum tube to the distribution system. Insulated distribution pipes have already been laid from it to individual rooms. These systems are mainly located in the floor on the first floors of buildings. If a ventilation system is connected to the distribution system, these pipes can be placed under the ceiling. But in this case, natural air circulation does not work.

Fireplace effect.

So that the entire warm air distribution system works only on the basis of thermals without ventilation system, the so-called fireplace effect should be observed. In practice it looks like this: warm air from the fireplace comes upstairs, passes through ventilation to the upper floor, and at the same time pushes cold air down. At the ground, he is pulled into the fireplace and the whole process is repeated. However, if the kitchen hood is turned on or open doors outside, will disrupt the whole process. Therefore, for greater efficiency, it is necessary to install a fan that forces the air to flow in the desired direction.

Ventilation.

Ventilation circulates air throughout the house. It blows cold air under the insert and warm air into the room. Each fan must be equipped with a speed controller. Regulates the noise level and the amount of air circulating throughout the house. Practical too temperature sensor. If the fire goes out and the temperature drops below the set value, the fan will turn off and will not blow cold air into the house.

Combined fireplace insert.

If you want to maximum savings gas and electricity, purchase a combined fireplace insert. It is equipped with a hot water heat exchanger and will simultaneously heat the room where it is located. The photo shows a combined boiler that will heat a space of 280-300 m3 with a thermal power of 11 kW for the room and 4 kW for water. Heat exchanger volume 6 liters. The advantage is that the fireplace insert has only the main distributor, which is extended along the floor into the technical room. There is also the main equipment necessary for distributing hot water to the radiators.

Perhaps you are a poor student or just on a budget. What to do if your house is still not fixed heating system? Maybe you live in an old, drafty house? Perhaps you want to reduce your CO2 emissions. Regardless of the reason, you need to stay warm when it's cold. Here are some useful tips.

Steps

How to make your home warmer without a heater

Close all windows carefully. Make sure winter frames, if you have them, are installed and closed tightly. Windows must be closed. Open them during the day when the sun is shining if the temperature outside is higher than the temperature inside.

• Windows must be sealed. You can purchase special window caulk to help seal them better. At a minimum, place a shirt or towels in areas where air leaks noticeably, or plug cracks with newspaper.

1. Hang cheap shower curtains on your windows that let in sunlight. This will help keep cold air from outside while allowing the sun's heat to warm your home. You can also cover your windows tightly with plastic.

   Hang the curtains. Heavy curtains block air flow. Open them when the sun is shining and close them at other times.

   Seal the doors. Check the door frame as well as the area under the door. You can buy and stick a seal. Again, at a minimum, place a towel or something else under the door.

   Let as much sunlight into your home as possible. Make sure there is nothing obstructing sunlight (eg plants, awnings). Remove anything that is leaning against sunny side your home (it's best to put these items back at night to create extra insulation).

   Close unused rooms. This will create another barrier between you and the cold air from the street. This will also reduce circulation and therefore heat loss.

   • You can purchase a magnetic register at a hardware store that turns off forced air electric heaters in unused rooms. This way, only the rooms you use will be heated and the heating will be used much more efficiently.
   • Make sure that all heaters are mounted openly, especially where water pipes may freeze. Unblock the circulation of cold air in the heated room (this may be blocked by furniture or carpet) so that heated air can circulate effectively.

2. Lay down the carpet. Carpets and carpets help prevent heat loss through the floor. They tend to be warmer to the touch than wood or stone and are a warmer surface to walk on.

   Add insulation to the attic. A large number of Heat escapes through the attic as warm air rises and cold air sinks. Make sure the attic is thoroughly insulated.

   Light a fire in the fireplace . If you have a fireplace, light it to make your home warmer. If you don't have a fireplace, consider installing one. Never leave a fireplace with a fire burning unattended.

   Get ready. You will warm up while cooking, the kitchen will become warmer with the stove on, and you will treat yourself to something tasty and hot.

   Light a candle. Candles can produce a lot of heat. Place them carefully and do not leave them unattended. You can find cheap candles at any grocery store.

   • Use a candle heater. It won't produce as much heat as a fireplace or real heater, but it will be very cheap heat.

3. Turn on the incandescent lamps. The average incandescent light bulb releases up to 95% of its energy as heat rather than light, making it an extremely efficient source of heat.

   • Compact fluorescent and LED bulbs won't help warm the room, so save them for warm days and use the money you save to pay your heating bill.

   How to keep yourself warm in a cold house

   1. Drink warm drinks. Warm drinks will raise your body temperature. This process is very relaxing and even stimulating. Make a cup of tea or coffee. Drink some warm broth.

      Dress warmly. Many people believe that the largest percentage of heat loss occurs through the head, but in fact, heat loss throughout the body is the same. However, if you are cold, a hat or scarf definitely won't hurt. A sweater can also work wonders. Dress in layers, especially if we're talking about about wool or cotton clothes. Wear slippers or warm socks. If you are sitting, wrap yourself in a blanket.

      • If you still have cold feet, buy black tights. They should be opaque. Wear one or even two pairs under your clothes. This will create another layer of clothing to retain heat. Men can wear long underwear.

   2. Use small spaces. For example, if your bedroom is much smaller than your living room, spend more time there.

      Play sports. 20 minutes of vigorous exercise can not only warm you up, but also keep you warm after your workout. Additionally, a healthy body tends to be more tolerant of cold.

      • Be active. Movement produces heat! The more active you move, the better your blood circulation. This means warm blood flows into the fingers and toes, keeping them warm.

   3. Hug a friend or pet. The body of any warm-blooded animal warms. Snuggle up with your dog or cat and keep each other warm.

      Use a hair dryer. You can quickly warm up yourself or cold shoes and clothes before putting them on. You can also warm up your bed before you go to bed. Never cover the hairdryer! It may overheat and catch fire.

      Buy a heating pad. Instead of heating the entire house or rooms, use a heating pad on low wattage. You can also make your own heating pad:

      • Use a hot water bottle. Thus, it is very convenient to warm your hands and feet while sitting; you can also put her in bed, at your feet.
      • Heat socks or small pads filled with rice, dried corn or beans for one minute at microwave oven and use as a heating pad or put it in bed.

   4. Buy a thick robe. Think of it as a big fluffy blanket with sleeves. It's very warm and comfortable, and you can even sleep in it!

      Go on a visit or on vacation. Consciously spend time in a well-heated place that won't cost you anything, such as a library, church, a friend's house, etc.

      Try an electric blanket. An electric blanket can keep you warm and cozy all night, and it's cheaper than inefficient and expensive old heaters.