The chemical industry is moving forward by leaps and bounds, and today in technological processes thousands of anthropogenic compounds are involved, many of which have, to put it mildly, an unpleasant and often disgusting “aroma.”

In this regard, the interest of industry representatives in equipment that can effectively carry out such a process as cleaning or air filtration from odors.

Moreover, in the context of considering the topic of pollution air environment Both aesthetic and toxicological aspects should be noted with malodorous compounds. In addition to simple discomfort caused, for example, by a small concentration of skatole, mercaptans or amines in the workshop, the smell may indicate the presence of much more in the industrial atmosphere hazardous substances.

The origin of the word “mercaptan” is interesting. It is formed by contraction English expression Mer cury Capt ure (mercury capture) due to the ability to effectively bind mercury-containing compounds.

Olfactometric oil odor map after a collision between two oil barges, USA, Texas, May 11, 2019, source: Houston Weather Service

In addition, one must consider the fact that many of the dangerous, carcinogenic and mutagenic gases and liquids are odorless (and some, for example, smell pleasant), being invisible but merciless killers.

Therefore, if there is the slightest suspicion of a hazardous substance leak, you should immediately consider updating or upgrading your current filtration infrastructure.

PZGO LLC has been a leader in the industry for more than three decades. Russian market gas purification equipment, industrial aspiration and ventilation systems, the average efficiency of which in relation to purification (filtration, separation and disposal) of unwanted gases, aerosols, mists, fumes and vapors tends to 100% .

Odorous substances as obvious markers of pollution, some MPCs

In general, the presence of an unpleasant “spirit” in an industrial atmosphere indicates that the substance already dissipated, left the place of its deployment, and in this case it is possible to clear the air of the smell only through centralized ventilation. Moreover, sticky and oily aerosols that coat production surfaces often cannot be removed using an air suction device.

In order to prevent odorous/unwanted components from entering the aeroclimate of a workshop or site, it is necessary to install filters and ventilation ducts precisely in those places where the concentration of pollutants is maximum: above the digesters of a food plant, heating/frying lines, above mixing tanks, at the outlet of the paint booth , over the laser machine.

Table: Maximum concentration limits for some dangerous and foul-smelling chemicals

Connection / chemical element	Maximum permissible concentration of pollutant in work area mg/m3
Ammonia	15
Hydrogen arsenide	0,3
Acetone (dimethyl ketone)	180
Bromoform (tyrbromomethane)	5
Butanoic (butyric) acid	10
Whitespirit	300
Vinyl acetate	20
DDT	0,1
Sulfur dioxide (SO 2)	10
Chlorine dioxide	0,1
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)	5
Dichlorobenzene	20
Dichloroethane (ethylene chloride)	10
Yellow phosphorus	0,03
Iodine	1
Camphor (C 10 H 16 O)	3
Xylene (dimethylbenzene)	40
Methyl alcohol	50
Naphthalene	20
Ozone (O3)	0,1
Mercury vapor	0,01
Hydrogen sulfide	10
Carbon sulfide	10
Turpentine (turpentine oil)	250
Tetraethyl lead (TEP)	0,05
Carbon tetrachloride (freon-10)	20
Titanium tetrachloride	1
Toluene (Tolu Balsam)	50
Acetic acid	5
Formaldehyde	5
Phosgene (carbonic acid chloride)	0,5
Hydrogen fluoride (HF)	0,5
Hydrogen chloride (HCl)	5
Chlorophos (ricifon)	0,5
Hydrogen cyanide	0,2
Ethanol	1000

Many of the above compounds are familiar to everyone: vinegar, ethyl alcohol, camphor oil, naphthalene, acetone. But it is better not to get acquainted with substances such as phosgene (which, by the way, smells like rotten mown grass).

Despite the fact that phosgene was developed as a weapon of mass destruction for the fronts of the First World War, it is still used today in organic synthesis plants. Phosgene is one of the key components in the production of polycarbonate. There is NO antidote to treat phosgene poisoning.

Filters and equipment for neutralizing industrial odors

When considering air odor filters, it should be noted that the capture of industrial odorants is carried out by the same types of equipment that are designed to provide “traditional” air purification from harmful or unwanted impurities. The logic here is straightforward: there is no substance - there is nothing to smell. The better the pollutant is removed from the air, the more favorable (and safe) it will be for breathing.

Thioketones – Probably the strongest-smelling compounds. For example, you can smell thioacetone when it is present in the air in a volume ratio of 1/10*12. To make it clearer, compare a piece of paper with the area of ​​the Moscow region

One of the most extensive and important areas in gas purification are wet (absorption) and dry (adsorption) approaches. Let's evaluate both methods using the example of removing some common foul-smelling pollutants.

Methods for removing hydrogen sulfide odor

Hydrogen sulfide is clearly felt already at a concentration of 1.5 mg/m3 (and the lethal concentration is only 0.1% of inhaled air). The danger of H 2 S lies not only in its toxicological effects, but also in its ability to create explosive mixtures with air.

Hydrogen sulfide odor filters are especially in demand due to the fact that at a certain concentration, hydrogen sulfide paralyzes the olfactory nerve, and the smell of rotten eggs is no longer perceptible to humans. Negative Impact gas on the body continues.

Chemical odor removal can be carried out using both wet absorbers and dry adsorption columns. Each deodorization method has its own advantages, which are fully revealed in specific production conditions.

Please note that the functionality of the devices described below also correlates with the detention any other odoriferous, toxic or technologically undesirable components of the air flow.

Wet sorption in scrubbers and absorption plants

Absorption is the process of retaining a gas component in a volume of a liquid reagent. In the case of hydrogen sulfide, alkaline solutions demonstrate maximum reagent efficiency.

Particular example:H 2S+NaOH (caustic soda solution) →NaHS (sodium hydrosulfide) +H 2O

Sodium hydrosulfide obtained as a result of air purification measures can be disposed of economically. As for the physical aspects of the interaction of the pollutant with the absorbent, it is possible the following options execution of devices (the choice of which depends on the conditions of the site and the wishes of the Customer).

Video presentation of an absorption plant for the absorption of fluorine and hydrogen chloride from sludge

To obtain detailed information on the devices, their characteristics and principles of operation, please follow the blue links (they will open in a new window).

1. Gas capture in . The working chamber is filled with stationary bodies with a large specific surface area, on top of which an alkaline solution is sprayed. Deodorization occurs at the interphase boundary of the liquid microfilm;
2. Hydrogen sulfide recovery (especially in combination with other pollutants) in (APID). The working chamber is filled with polypropylene balls, which move chaotically (boil) in alkaline solution;
3. The air purifier for smoke and odors can be made in the form of. The main factor in the retention (deblocker) of the pollutant is a self-sustaining layer of unstable foam formed on the surface of the supporting perforated plates due to the passage of air flow through the holes.

Each of the units, when selecting the right absorbent, is capable of showing odor purification efficiency in the range of 96-99.9%.

The advantages of wet cleaning performed by scrubbers of the ShV series are:

• Ability to process wet environments without prior drying - aerosol mists, vapors, fumes, emulsions, suspensions;
• Possibility of parallel operation as a dust collector, including for the retention of sticky, viscous, clumping dusts of high concentrations, as well as ash, soot (combining mechanical and chemical deactivation of the flow);
• Processing of high-temperature environments, including those with high chemical activity (sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, HCl, H 2 SO 4, carbon disulfide, H 2 S);
• Sorbent filters with rational selection of reagents can generate valuable sludge;
• Self-cleaning, no need to replace any functional elements;
• Flexibility, simplicity, quick changeover, full automation of work, affordability, durability and reliability.

Deodorization of gases in adsorption blocks

Another type of chemical odor neutralization is dry adsorption. has its own important features:

• The method is regenerative. This means that the captured components can be subsequently extracted from the adsorbent (for example, after treating hydrogen sulfide from activated carbon, high-purity elemental sulfur can be extracted);
• A wide selection of sorbents allows you to effectively retain the widest range of odorants;
• Adsorbers are not intended for processing humidified streams (in the case of processing humid media, to maintain the nominal efficiency of the device, a dryer must be installed in front of the column);
• There is a need for regeneration (purging) of the absorbent, as well as - periodically - a complete reload of the deblocker (activated carbon, silica gel, zeolite) due to overgrowing of active pores;
• Among other things, it is desirable to install two or more adsorbers at once: one operates in deodorizer mode, the second in filler regeneration mode.

Adsorbent granules – activated carbon

At the same time, adsorption columns show ≈ 100% efficiency against a variety of gaseous pollutants, which makes it extremely rational to use them as final, sanitary links in multi-stage systems and complexes of industrial air and gas purification.

Deodorization of spray booths

Air purification from paint odors paint booth can be effectively carried out using wet scrubbers of the ShV model range.

Powder painting process

We will quickly deliver gas cleaning, ventilation and aspiration equipment throughout Russia, the CIS, Europe and Asia and, if necessary, carry out fast and professional installation, commissioning and commissioning.

PZGO LLC – breathe easy!

In any apartment where there is a smoker, there is always a recreation area in which the concentration of cigarette smoke is increased. To change the situation in better side use an air purifier to remove tobacco smoke.

The composition of cigarette smoke includes up to 4 thousand components, the vast majority of which cause irreparable harm not only to smokers themselves, but also to people who are forced to stay in a room saturated with tobacco smoke.

Constantly staying in an apartment where people smoke often can cause lung cancer, heart attack, bronchitis, not to mention an allergy to smoke. If you do not disinfect the air in your apartment in a timely manner, then a visit to the hospital is not far off.

When you don't have enough willpower to quit smoking, you need to use an air purifier. It will help reduce several times Negative consequences from smoking. Such devices effectively neutralize harmful volatile components and fatal toxins that are found in tobacco smoke.

Productive operation of the air purifier protects furniture and room decoration from the smell of tobacco. Unfortunately, there is no such device that could completely eliminate all types of impurities in the atmosphere, but good air purifier obliged to reduce them to a minimum level.

The basic principle of operation of anti-tobacco devices is the repeated passage of room air through special filter systems.

Such a household appliance consists of two main parts:

• a fan that sucks air from the room;
• a block of filters, each of which has its own function and degree of purification.

The fan passes air from the room through itself and directs it to a set of filters. Leaving harmful substances on the filters, clean air flows back into the room.

More modern devices contain ionizers that disinfect the exhaust air.

Filtration itself can be divided into three stages:

1. Pre-cleaning phase. At this stage air flow leaves the largest particles of harmful substances on the inlet pre-filter.
2. Absorption stage. For the best absorption of tobacco smoke fractions, two filters using potassium and activated carbon are used. Using a carbon filter kills not only tobacco smoke, but also other unpleasant odors.
3. Final cleaning. The air is intensively forced through a fine filter that adsorbs the smallest particles of dust and other harmful substances.

The filter unit must contain several units - this is the key to clean air for the home.

Efficiency of cleaning cigarette smoke

The basis for the fight against smoke is the principle of reusable passage of air with a cigarette smell through a complex system of filters. Even if there is a lot of frequent smoking in the room, repeated filtration can help effectively clean the air from tobacco smoke.

Important! The main advantage of devices of this type is getting rid of tobacco and its carcinogenic components, and not saturating the air with various flavors.

Based on filter systems, purifiers are divided into several types.

1. The electrostatic type cleaner is primarily characterized by the lowest price while maintaining acceptable quality. The air inside such devices passes through positively charged electrodes, and the smallest smoke particles collect on the surface of the filter with a negative charge. The ionic purification principle allows you to capture particles with sizes less than 1 micron. It is advisable to purchase a model with a built-in ozonizer. Thanks to ozone, room air will be cleansed of all kinds of bacteria and toxins.

   The electrostatic type device consumes a minimum of electricity with a low noise level. Easy to use: requires wet cleaning of the plates once a week. Such washing is permissible up to 250 times, which significantly increases the service life of the device.

2. A number of air purification devices are equipped with removable filters; a similar type of design has found its way into vacuum cleaners. Mechanical filters, on the one hand, collect a larger number of microparticles of tobacco smoke in one air pass, on the other hand, they become dirty quite quickly and are not subject to further use. Structurally, they are disposable elements and require periodic replacement every 5-6 months. Replacing the filter is extremely easy, but its cost is quite high.
3. The class of the most modern household appliances includes photocatalytic type purifiers, although their high cost must be taken into account. They use the combined effects of ultraviolet light and a catalyst as cleaning tools. Devices in this class convert tobacco smoke and toxins into neutral carbon dioxide and water. The splitting itself occurs at the molecular level, as a result there are no layers of dirt on the device.

   Such a device does not require preventive cleaning, the filters can last a very long time, only the UV lamp requires replacement once every three years.

   But such cleaners also have disadvantages. They consume quite a lot of electricity and are quite noisy.

4. The latest achievements include ultrasonic installations. They can regulate humidity both manually and automatically, since, in addition to effective cleaning, they also maintain the required level of air humidification. For this purpose, the design includes a hydrostat.
   Purification occurs by driving the incoming air through a water film of small splashes. Harmful substances practically “stick” to the water surface and subsequently dissolve in water. This type of air washing requires constant replenishment of water in a special container of the device. The price of such a device is quite high, and the level of purification is inferior to photocatalytic devices.

Features of cleaners

The level of purification and the quality of the surrounding atmosphere are directly related: the higher the first indicator, the higher the second will be. IN various devices air flow performance ranges from 400 to 2600 m 3 /hour.

Electricity consumption can also fluctuate between 50-200 W. A properly selected purifier will consume 10-15 W, this power is enough to keep the air within normal limits over an area of ​​25 m2.

The absence of moving mechanical parts allows the device to operate almost silently. Power can be supplied either from the AC adapter or from a battery.

Various cleaning modes can be controlled:

• mechanical switches;
• from the remote control;
• automatically, the device automatically turns on/off at a certain saturation of air with smoke.

Installation of purifiers is possible almost anywhere: in the structure suspended ceiling, on the wall, on the floor.

Choosing a tobacco smoke cleaner

Having understood the principle of operation and having decided what this device is needed for, you can select the right one required model. The following factors must be taken into account:

1. The area of ​​the room must correspond to the performance of the device. It is especially necessary to coordinate the parameters precisely if the model has an ionizer.
2. The purification system must correspond to air pollution factors.
3. Noise level, which is important, especially in night mode. The ionic cleaner operates almost silently, unlike analogues with mechanical cleaning.
4. Dust level in the room. The air may contain a large number of various components (six animals, carpet particles and much more), in this case mechanical cleaning is preferable.
5. The choice is narrowed if there are allergy sufferers in the apartment. Photocatalytic devices remove allergens well.
6. An important quality is the compactness of the device and the ability to move it indoors.
7. Convenient control buttons and mode switches.
8. The degree of air disinfection, which is extremely important during the period of exacerbation of viral diseases. In this case, devices with ozonizers are most effective. Ozone is many times more productive than ultraviolet radiation.
9. Good air is humid air. The presence of a humidification function significantly increases beneficial features device.
10. The air that passes through the filter system loses most of its natural charge, so choosing an ionizer is desirable.

When purchasing a purifier, you must also take into account the financial factor. Will it be a budget option or difficult combined instrument- the air in the room will become much better. Therefore, in the expected set household appliances There must be a place for an air purifier.

As an example, the main characteristics of the most popular devices are given.

Rating of the best cleaners

This brief review presents the leading representatives of air purifiers:

Boneco W 1355A (RUB 10,500)

Device universal type Made in Switzerland. Boneco is able to maintain indoor humidity at 40-60%. The device passes room air through humidification discs that use treated water.

The basis of the device’s operation is an evaporation system; depending on the temperature conditions in the room, the amount of moisture evaporated from the disks also changes. Two dynamic elements - a humidification disk assembly and a low-speed fan - ensure air saturation with moisture and intensive cleaning.

The discs are fixed in a tray with the most ordinary water, with a volume of seven liters. An additional container maintains the required water level. The device is controlled mechanically. Boneco provides optimal air purification from viruses, pollutants, and dust.

Xiaomi Mi AIR Purifier 2 (RUB 10,000)

This purifier skillfully controls and, if necessary, reduces the content of harmful impurities and tiny dust particles in the air. The productivity of the device is up to 400 m 3 per hour. It can maintain the necessary air conditions over an area of ​​up to 50 square meters.

This model is characterized by high productivity, low noise level, ease of operation, modern design. The device will look aesthetically good in any interior.

In just 10 minutes, Xiaomi provides clean air to a room of 21 m2. The dimensions of the new model are significantly smaller than the previous ones, its weight has decreased to 8 kg. Ergonomic light sensors and cleanliness indicators will help you control the device. Can be controlled from a mobile device. The device helps create a living environment in your home.

Tefal PU 4025 (RUB 14,000)

A device for air purification of filtration type with forced air ventilation. The device occupies one of the first places in the “air washing” segment.

With an air flow cleaning performance of up to 170 m 3 /hour, the recommended usable area is up to 35 m 2. The extremely low power consumption (30 W) allows the device to be classified as an economical device.

The main advantages of this unit include the ability of its filter kit to destroy such harmful substance, like formaldehyde. The filter system with a porous surface has its own replacement indicator.

Several filtration modes plus ionization provide the room with clean air, and a sensor and cleanliness indicator monitor its compliance with standards. Mechanical system control is complemented by an operation and delayed start timer. Multi-mode lighting adds additional charm to the already sophisticated design.

Timberk TAP FL800 MF (RUB 9,500)

The latest technologies are harmoniously implemented in this device. A six-level cleaning system allows you to capture particles up to 0.3 microns in size: these include all kinds of allergens, various bacteria, and the smallest dust. The cleaning system is perfectly complemented by an aromatic air filter, thanks to which a comfortable atmosphere is created in the room.

The modern control panel with touch buttons makes operating the device quite easy. Additional amenities include automatic operation mode, filter contamination indicator, and device shutdown timer.

Three different operating modes provide the most economical power consumption of the device. Unique design The black color, coupled with the original streamlined shapes, allows this unit to be harmoniously placed in any interior design.

Ballu AP-155 (RUB 10,000)

Five cleaning thresholds, four fan operating modes - all this allows Ballu to efficiently and effectively clean the air in the room. At the final stage of cleaning, the air flow passes through an ionizer, which produces required volume negative ions. The ions press small dust particles together, thereby increasing the efficiency of the filters.

An automatic service life indicator will tell you when the filters need to be changed. Touch control of the device makes it easy to switch modes. The air purification indicator and shutdown timer provide comfortable night mode. The area of ​​the serviced premises is 20 m2.

Name
Purpose of the device	air purification/humidification	air cleaning	air cleaning	air cleaning	air cleaning
Control	mechanical	electronic	electronic, display, timer	electronic, display, timer	electronic, timer
Dimensions (WxHxD)	320x425x380 mm	520x240x240 mm	300x540x285 mm	362x830x231 mm	320x495x200 mm
Air Treatment Rate (CADR)	n.d.	310 cubic meters/h	170 cubic meters/h	410 cubic meters/h	170 cubic meters/h
Filters	No	pre-cleaner, HEPA filter		pre-treatment, photocatalytic, electrostatic, carbon	pre-filter, HEPA filter, carbon
Price	from 12500 rub.	from 7980 rub.	from 15,000 rub.	from 27730 rub.	from 8730 rub.
Where can I buy

To effectively combat unpleasant odors, you need special set filters in the air purifier. Devices that effectively combat odors include:

• photocatalytic filter;
• carbon filter;
• ozonation function.

Let's take a closer look at the operating principle and effectiveness of each of them.

Photocatalytic filter

This filter involves the operation of two elements: a filter plate and an ultraviolet lamp. Titanium dioxide is applied to the photocatalytic filter, which, in combination with a UV lamp shining on it, forms natural oxidizing agents (ozone). The filter operates at the molecular level: by contacting pollutant molecules, it decomposes them into simple, safe compounds. The following molecules are affected by ozone:

• toxic substances (paint, varnishes, formaldehyde, tobacco smoke);
• viruses;
• bacteria;
• dust mite;
• fungi.

The release of ozone during operation of a photocatalytic filter occurs within normal limits and allows round-the-clock use of this filter when people are in the room, which cannot be said about an air ozonizer.

Since the coating of the photocatalytic filter does not deteriorate over time, it does not require replacement. Only the UV lamp burns out and is replaced every 1-2 years. The cost of an ultraviolet lamp, depending on its size, is 350-500 rubles, which makes the photocatalytic filter one of the most economical.

Carbon filter

Detains unpleasant odors and tobacco smoke. Suitable for homes where air purification is only periodically required. strong odors. With frequent contamination, such as smoking, the filter will quickly lose its original filtration ability and will need to be replaced. It almost never comes as a separate filter, but is located in the same block with a HEPA filter and a pre-filter.

Ozonation function

One of the best ways To get rid of any air pollution (except mechanical) is ozonation. The operating principle boils down to the release of large doses of ozone into the room. Ozone binds and breaks down all contaminants that come its way. The principle of such air purification is similar to a photocatalytic filter, but the efficiency is 5-6 times higher, due to the fact that ozone is distributed throughout the room and can eliminate even stagnant and ingrained odors. Simple ventilation will not remove odors and microorganisms from upholstered furniture, wallpaper, and household items as ozonation will do.

During ozonation, a person should not be indoors, as there is a level of ozone dangerous to health in the air. After ozonation, it is necessary to ventilate the room so that the smell of ozone disappears completely.

Some air purifiers contain all the declared purifying filters at once. Examples of air purifiers with a set of functions for removing odor from the air: Atmos Maxi-200, AIC AP1101/AP1103, Daikin MC707VM, Super-Plus-Turbo, etc.

In addition to having the stated filters, the air purifier must be powerful enough to quickly rid the room of odor. For better cleaning It is worth taking devices where the volume of the room being cleaned will be slightly larger than the volume of the room in which the purifier is to be installed.

Air from a restaurant or cafe hood escaping into a residential area can cause complaints from neighbors and fines from inspection authorities. If the air duct cannot be installed above the roof ridge or on the facade, then the only way to avoid claims is to achieve effective cleaning exhaust air from odors, smoke, soot, burning and grease.

For this purpose, the restaurant kitchen ventilation is equipped with a system comprehensive cleaning Air Tion. It is located immediately after the spark arrester and grease trap and removes smoke and odors from hot shops, barbecues, grills and other sources. This makes it possible to equate the air from the restaurant kitchen hood to household emissions and remove it at the level of the first floor, without causing inconvenience to people living or working in the neighborhood (in accordance with SanPiN 2.3.6.1079-01, clause 4.6).

• To clean the exhaust air of all types of stoves (except wood-burning and barbecues), Tion Ext duct air purifiers are used (capacity from 400 to 27,500 m3/h).
• For cleaning exhaust air wood stoves and barbecues, Tion Ext Advanced duct air purifiers are designed (capacity from 2000 to 6000 m3/h).
• For rooms where the concentrations of removed contaminants are very high, it is established additional block cleaning restaurant air from gases and odors Tion Ext-El.

Air purification from smoke and odors in a restaurant hall

Restaurants, cafes, canteens and other establishments Catering often face the problem of food and smoke odors that can be felt in the hall. To improve the quality of service and customer loyalty, it is necessary to properly organize smoke removal and ventilation in the dining area of ​​the restaurant.

The Tion Ext restaurant air purification unit solves the problem of removing smoke and odors effectively and profitably. Thanks to a unique multi-stage cleaning system with smoke filters, the Tion Ext duct air purifier eliminates all types of contaminants.

Tion Ext air purification equipment is placed in the restaurant ventilation system in two ways. It can be installed both in the supply branch and in the recirculation branch after the supply chamber.

Compact air purifiers for restaurant halls

Air purification from odors and smoke in a restaurant can be done using compact autonomous air purifiers Tion Clever.

This is an excellent solution for those cases where the restaurant ventilation system does not provide the ability to integrate odor and smoke traps into it.

And if smoke filters are already installed in the ventilation of a cafe or restaurant, then compact air purifiers will enhance their effectiveness and increase the air exchange rate. This will create a comfortable environment and attract visitors.