For sewerage. Of what they are not built. Concrete rings, cinder block, old car tires, metal and plastic containers, ready-made factory septic tanks are used. In general, each person uses everything that is at hand for construction, and install them both in the country and in a private house.

In a small cottage, with a small number of people living, it is advisable to install a storage tank and connect a sewer to it. Due to the low water consumption, the capacity will be enough for a small sewage system, and it will not be difficult to install it. In this article, let's look at how the installation of a storage tank for sewage is carried out.

Types of storage tanks

The storage tank is designed for collecting and storing waste water from the sewerage system with subsequent pumping out. Basically, metal or plastic barrels are used for these purposes. In the absence of such, the container can be built from concrete rings, cinder block, car tires. Only in this case it will be necessary to perform well sealing so that wastewater does not seep into the ground.

Choosing a place for a container

When choosing a place for installing the tank, first of all, provide for a free access to the sewer truck. After all, sooner or later, the filled container will have to be pumped out. It is better to install it below the level of the house on the back side and not far from the foundation. The distance should be no more than 5 m. If it is not possible to put the container at such a distance, then an additional inspection well will have to be installed on the sewer between the house and the container. Install a tank filling alarm sensor in the house in order to pump out on time.

Installation of storage tanks

Installing a container made of different materials comes down to one thing: you have to dig a hole. But the installation is slightly different due to the use of different materials:

• To install a container from metal barrels, dig a hole with a diameter slightly larger than the barrel. To increase the volume of the container, the barrels can be welded vertically together. And leave the bottom only in the bottom barrel. The depth of the pit is measured according to the height of all welded barrels. Pour a 10‒15 cm sand cushion at the bottom of the pit. As you know, metal tends to rust and rot. Therefore, to protect the structure from the effects of water, cover the barrels with bitumen or paint before installation. Place the finished container in the pit. In the side of the barrel where the sewer pipe will enter, cut a hole to the diameter of the pipe. Insert the pipe into the barrel and seal the joint with sealant. Now you can fill in the gap between the walls of the pit barrel. As the soil is poured, tamp each layer after about 25 cm. Cover the container with a lid with a hatch on top.
• Installation of a container made of concrete rings is performed on the pre-concreted bottom of the pit. Using a truck crane, lower the concrete rings into the pit and seal all joints with silicone or cement-based sealant. Doing waterproofing of the outer walls of the rings, supply the sewage system, fill the gap between the walls of the tank and the pit with earth. Lay a reinforced concrete cover with a hatch on top. It should protrude above the ground.
• The installation of a plastic container is carried out according to the same principle. Dig a hole with a larger diameter than the container, about 10‒15 cm on each side. Measure the depth down to the neck. It must be above the ground. The bottom of the pit can be made from a sand cushion, as mentioned above, but there is one problem - plastic is a rather light material, so in the spring, with the rise of groundwater, the container can be pushed out of the ground. The best option for the bottom for a plastic container is concrete. Concrete the bottom of the pit together with the anchors. When the concrete hardens, install the container by tying it with straps to the anchors. Connect the sewer and seal the pipe inlet. Fill in layers of 20-30 cm. As you fill in, fill the container with water so that the pressure of the earth does not crush the soft walls of the plastic. You can fill it up with a mixture of sand (6 parts) and cement (1 part), tamping each layer. Put the lid on the neck of the container, and the job is done.
• To build a container from a brick or cinder block, dig a hole in the shape of the future container. Concrete the bottom, and lay out the walls in a checkerboard pattern. Wall waterproofing is done with hot bitumen both inside and outside. You make a sewer supply, and fill the gaps with earth. From above, the container can be covered with sheet metal or knocked down wood shields.
• A small storage tank can be built from old car tires. When stacking them on top of each other, pour bitumen between them for sealing.

Note! Currently, there is great interest in horizontal plastic containers. They are equipped with bulkheads with overflow holes inside. After passing through several compartments, the filtered water can be drained into the ground. This type of container is installed in the same way as a regular plastic container, but with the obligatory fastening with belts to a concrete slab.

As you can see, installing a storage tank is a fairly simple process and is within the power of every owner of his yard. The best option for installation from the containers described above is plastic. It is lightweight, compact, easy to transport, and most importantly, it has the longest service life. Watch the installation video presented and follow the instructions to get started.

Video

This video shows how a sewer tank was buried and insulated on the site:

In places where there is no centralized sewerage system, special sealed containers are used to solve the problem of collecting and storing domestic wastewater. They are also used in production as storage for industrial and chemical waste.

This article will tell you about the features of the structure, installation and operation of sealed sewer tanks.

Most often, tanks for sewerage in order to save space in the local area, as well as for reasons of aesthetics, are installed underground. Their size is in direct proportion to the estimated volume of wastewater and the planned frequency of emptying the tanks.

Usually, in all modern country or country houses there is a centralized water supply, therefore, the issue of disposal of used water and other sewage waste is very relevant. It is best to start the construction of a sewage system at the stage of building a house.

If the laying of the sewage system was not started in a timely manner, this will subsequently create some difficulties.

In terms of its structure, the sewerage system in a country house is not much different from that that works in city apartments. The only and main difference is that wastewater is not disposed of centrally, but on its own, privately.

Sewerage system arrangement options

In a private house, the most common sewerage solutions are:

• Storage tank;
• Cesspool;
• Septic tank;
• Local treatment facilities (LOC).

Each of these methods of arranging the sewage system has its own characteristics. And, choosing the most suitable of them, one should take into account such nuances as the geological features of the area, the parameters of the land plot, the number of drains, as well as the number of residents of the house. Septic tank

Useful information! Of the above methods, the most accessible and for a long time very popular among the population is the cesspool. However, from an environmental point of view, this is not the best option, since the waste masses from the cesspool can partially seep into the environment.

The installation of an autonomous sewage system (another name is a septic tank), in view of its high price, today not everyone can afford. Moreover, often one such capacity is not enough for a full-fledged sewage system. In addition, water purified in a septic tank after that needs additional purification in the drainage field.

LOK are miniature analogs of urban wastewater treatment plants. The water purified with their help is suitable for technical and irrigation work on the site. But this method of cleaning has its drawbacks - the high cost and dependence of the LOC on electricity.

If the house is located within the boundaries of urban development or the level of groundwater in the area is high, then in this case it is impossible to install treatment facilities for sewage. The way out in this situation will be the use of sealed containers for the sewer. When installing such a container, it is important to choose a place for its location, to which it will be convenient for a sewage truck to drive up to remove waste.

Arrangement of an individual sewerage system in a private house

Installing a sealed storage tank is an excellent solution for arranging an autonomous sewage system in a private house. It allows you to reliably isolate waste and wastewater, thereby preventing them from entering the environment.

The disadvantage of such a sewage system is the need to empty it through drain holes. The frequency with which it is necessary to repeat this procedure depends both on the volume of the reservoir itself and on the effluents entering it.

Advice! If 4-6 residents live in the house, then the optimal volume of sewage capacity for the needs of such a family will be equal to 10-12 m2.

In addition to this advice, it is also worth taking into account the individual needs of those living in the house (how much water per day is spent on bathing and other needs).

Cottages and other large houses, as a rule, need storage tanks from 5 to 15 thousand liters.

For ease of use, there are models of sewer tanks equipped with a sensor that controls the filling. When the container is filled to a state close to full load, the sensor signals this.

Often, the sewerage system is one piece with the storage tank. A properly installed container can serve as a drain for your family for many years. The tank has two pipes, one for filling with waste water, the other for draining it.

Moving through the intake pipe, the wastewater enters the accumulator, where it is subsequently stored. There is usually a maintenance opening on the top of the container through which waste is pumped out as needed.

Sometimes there may be a maintenance well instead of a hole. Sewage water is pumped out of the tank using sewer trucks, special pumps or other auxiliary equipment.

Video material. Installation of storage tank.

Maintenance of storage sewerage tanks

As a rule, the only type of maintenance that storage containers need is to empty them on time.

The kit for arranging an individual sewage system includes:

1. Storage tank (plastic or metal);
2. Service holes;
3. Covers for service openings;
4. Pipes for the supply and outflow of wastewater;
5. Technological supports required for the installation of the tank;
6. Fill level sensor (installed at the request of the customer).

Choosing a place for a storage tank, basic recommendations:

1. It is necessary to take into account the slope of the terrain and install the tank below the level of the house.
2. Make sure that there is a convenient access road (4-5 meters wide) to the sewer tank for the supply of sewage equipment.
3. It is preferable to place the tank near the house (distance up to 5 m). If this is not possible, then it is necessary to equip the sewage system with additional wells that allow performing technical work, for example, removing blockages.
4. If you have installed a filling control sensor on a container, a signaling device from it must be placed in the house so that you can track its readings and do not miss the right moment to pump out sewage water.

Almost every owner of a summer cottage or private house is faced with the problem of disposal of sewage waste. After all, it is not always possible to connect to the central system. Remoteness from the city, high cost of connection, lack of a centralized system - these are the main reasons why it becomes necessary to install individual tanks for collecting liquid waste. Primitive cesspools and outdoor toilet are rapidly becoming a thing of the past. Modern man strives to live in comfort, creating special conditions for living.
Each person can create comfortable conditions independently. Installation of modern plastic systems allows you to do all the work quickly and easily.

The use of sewer systems

The use of plastic containers on your site allows you to solve the problem of collecting used water to the best degree. In addition, their installation has a beneficial effect on the environment, as waste water does not enter the soil. Most of the sites are located in areas with shallow groundwater flow. In such places, it is very easy for sewage waste to get into a river, well or spring. Under such conditions, building a cesspool is not only difficult, but often impossible.
It is the sewerage tank that solves this problem. It is able to improve the performance of the drain system and allows you to use the toilet and bathroom in the house without any inconvenience.
Functional products can be installed as storage tanks. From time to time, such containers need special cleaning. Also, using containers, you can mount a whole system of septic tanks with installed special filters. Undergoing multifaceted purification, already purified water will enter the soil. Each of the methods has its own advantages and can be implemented at any site.

Features of storage tanks

Storage tanks for sewage systems to create an autonomous system are made of heavy-duty plastic or fiberglass. They have high performance characteristics:

• durable and reliable in use;
• light weight, allowing them to be mounted on any kind of soil;
• sealed;
• have a long period of operation;
• do not interact with the environment and do not react to temperature changes;
• are simply mounted.

The volume of the plastic tanks should be selected depending on the amount of water used. This option is an ideal solution for a few families who use plumbing more economically. Experts recommend, for the flawless use of the system, to pump out the tanks at intervals of two times a year. For example, for a family of 3 people, which consumes up to 150 liters of water daily, a 6 cubic meter tank is suitable. But many are reinsured by installing a sewerage tank several cubic meters larger.
A plastic tank should be purchased before starting to dig a hole. With the exact dimensions of the product, you can excavate a wonderful recess that allows you to accurately position the tank. As a rule, it is buried to a depth of soil that does not freeze in winter.
For a summer cottage in which there are no permanent residents, plastic tanks of much smaller sizes can be installed. Many summer residents prefer 2 cubic meter tanks. Such a container is pumped out after the end of the summer cottage season.

Pros and cons of storage tanks

The advantages of storage tanks include:

• resistance to mechanical damage. Even after many years, such a tank is not susceptible to cracking, corrosion and corrosive environment;
• long period of operation, which is up to 50 years;
• simple installation that does not require special equipment;
• no bureaucratic litigation. Installation of an autonomous system does not require registration;
• use on any soil;
• tightness, providing reliable protection of the environment from the ingress of wastewater into the ground;
• acceptable cost of products.

The main disadvantage of the storage tanks is the need for pumping out. Such containers are emptied using special sewage machines at intervals of a year. In addition, a disadvantage is the fact that a special vehicle needs a driveway to pump out the tank.

Features of a septic tank

The septic tank is a multifunctional water purification system. With the help of filters installed in it, you can get absolutely clean water at the outlet, which will not adversely affect the soil, polluting it with waste. Special aerobic bacteria help purify the water in the septic tank. The principle of operation of the system consists in multiple overflow of wastewater from the reservoir to the reservoir:

• waste water enters the tank with bacteria, which converts waste into clean water;
• purified water passes into the adjacent compartment and settles there;
• the accumulated settled water is poured into a perforated pipe, with the help of which it seeps into the soil.

With such a system, you can get absolutely pure water at the exit. The degree of its purification directly depends on the number of reservoirs for purification and the work of bacteria. A wide variety of systems are available today. There are one-, two- and three-chamber systems on the market for selection.
When choosing a container for such a system, it is necessary to calculate the 3-day water consumption. For example, for three residents with a daily use of 150 liters of water, an airtight tank of 2 cubic meters is ideal.

Pros and cons of septic tanks

The advantages of septic tanks include:

• tightness, due to which sewage impurities do not get into the soil;
• do not require connection to electricity;
• resistance to mechanical damage and destruction;
• the use of anaerobic bacteria, thanks to which absolutely pure water enters the soil;
• long period of operation;
• can be used for a long time without cleansing.

The disadvantages of septic tanks include:

• use only in soil with a high filtration coefficient;
• has a higher cost;
• installation is carried out after agreement with the sanitary and epidemiological station;
• more complex installation than storage tanks.

Selection of plastic tanks

The plastic container must be selected based on individual indicators of water consumption and the number of family members. For small families, tanks of small volumes are suitable, respectively. A reservoir of various shapes is available today. There are horizontal and vertical cylindrical or rectangular tanks to choose from. They can also have one - or two-layer walls. The correct selection of a plastic tank ensures the smooth operation of the entire system, which is why, when choosing, you should pay attention to:

• product volume. Before you go shopping, it is recommended to calculate the required values;
• the availability of components that make it possible to mount the sewer system especially quickly and easily. For example, the presence of special floats allows you to control the level of sewage water in the tank;
• the purpose of the container. Very often there are cases when, instead of a waste container, sellers try to "steam" a water tank. Such tanks are not suitable for sewerage installation. They have thin walls, which over time begin to let sewage into the ground.

When installing an autonomous sewage system, experts recommend paying attention to the type of soil. So, for example, for clay soils, it is most effective to install storage tanks, since such soil will not pass filtered water from their septic tanks. Also, this option is not suitable for those areas where groundwater is too close. The effect of such a natural phenomenon from the installation of a septic tank will be completely opposite: groundwater will enter the filters and fill the tank. The system simply won't work.
An autonomous sewage system allows you to simply solve the problem with drainage in the country. That is why it is very popular with summer residents who prefer comfort and convenience. Sewerage in the house allows you to enjoy your vacation in the country and live in familiar conditions.

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Since, because of this, the size of the cesspool is limited, it is permissible to use metal barrels only in suburban areas where it is not planned to live permanently, and the amount of drains will be small. A small sewerage tank would be out of place in a home with several residents.

The main advantage of metal containers is their high strength, due to which they can withstand severe mechanical stress.

However, they have much more disadvantages, which is why their use is limited:

Advantages of barrels made of polymer materials:

• resistance to corrosion, due to which containers can serve 30-50 years;
• high mechanical strength, which is almost similar to metal products;
• most types of plastics are resistant to aggressive chemical compounds that are part of sewage;
• the plastic barrel for the sewage system is completely sealed; additional waterproofing is not required for it.

However, such containers also have a significant drawback - despite their large volume, their weight is insignificant. For this reason, the reservoir can be pushed to the surface under the influence of groundwater or frost heaving of the soil. Therefore, the construction of a septic tank requires that the tank for the sewage system be well fixed.

How to bury a tank with your own hands

Before you bury a tank for sewage, you need to decide on its location. You also need to know in advance how to properly bury the septic tank, so that you do not have to redo everything later. There are certain sanitary standards regarding the distance to residential buildings, water sources, site boundaries. It will not be superfluous to entrust the choice of a place for installing a septic tank to a specialist who will take into account the location of buildings on the site, communications, the level of groundwater and other nuances.

A plastic barrel for the sewer is installed in a pre-prepared foundation pit; its dimensions must be larger than the tank. Thanks to this, if necessary, it will be possible to insulate the structure and securely fix the barrel. The depth of the pit must be such that the inlet opening and the inlet sewer pipe are at the same level.

How to bury a barrel under the sewer, procedure:

1. At the bottom of the pit, a crushed stone or sand cushion with a thickness of more than 20 centimeters is created.
2. After that, the base is concreted, while the frame is installed with anchors or hinges for further attachment of the container.
3. After 5-7 days, the concrete foundation becomes strong enough, and the barrel can be installed.
4. The tank is attached to the foundation using steel strips or cable ties.
5. If necessary, the septic tank is insulated with polyurethane foam or extruded polystyrene foam (read: "").
6. Before backfilling the soil, the container must be filled to a certain level. During this work, it is important to take into account the manufacturer's recommendations - depending on which polymer material the barrel is made of, the features of backfilling may differ.
7. The barrel is connected to all inlet and outlet communications, the ventilation pipe, after which it is finally covered with soil.

Currently, containers made of polymeric materials are the most common - this is due to their advantages over metal products. An important role in this is played by their durability and ease of installation.

Sewerage from barrels with your own hands is created quite simply, which makes it possible to save on the services of specialists. In the event that the barrel was securely fixed, and all installation requirements were followed, including the manufacturer's recommendations, then the container can last for several decades.

For a comfortable stay, each house needs to supply water and equip a sewerage system for its drain. The most convenient option is considered to be the connection of the domestic external sewage system to the central system, which is not always possible to do. In this case, sewerage tanks are used to collect and purify wastewater.

The storage tank for sewage is a large tank equipped with two openings:

• an entrance for connecting a sewer pipeline;
• opening for cleaning the container.

In most cases, this unit is installed below ground level. This allows you to preserve the aesthetic appearance of the site and the space for other purposes.

Types of containers

Storage tanks will be used to equip water runoff in a modern external sewerage system. Installation of the device does not require certain skills, but the tank needs timely cleaning, which is carried out.

Depending on the material used for the production, sewer tanks are divided into:

• metal;
• concrete.

Plastic containers

Tanks made from various types of plastic are the most popular.

Plastic containers for sewage have a number of advantages over units made from other materials:

• have a relatively low weight, which is important when installing equipment;
• most sealed. This factor is achieved due to the absence of welded seams;
• durable, since the material is resistant to corrosion and the negative effects of aggressive substances contained in wastewater;
• relatively low cost of the device.

Metal containers

The second place in terms of use after plastic is occupied by metal containers for sewage.

Such equipment is heavier than plastic equipment. You will need to use a crane to install it. It will not work to install a metal container on your own.

Before installation, in order to avoid the ingress of sewage into the ground, it is necessary to thoroughly seal all joints with a sealant.

To protect the equipment as much as possible from possible corrosion, the container is covered both inside and outside with a protective anti-corrosion material, which significantly extends the service life of the tank. As such a material, a resistant paint can be used, for example, XB-785 enamel.

Concrete tanks

Currently, they are rarely used for sewage. This is primarily due to the property of the material used.

Concrete quickly collapses from strong and constant moisture. Accordingly, concrete sewer containers last a little time. But the cost of installing such a unit is a lot. Due to its heavy weight, the tank cannot be installed without the use of special equipment.

Thus, for small private networks, it is advisable to use plastic containers for sewage.

To install a container under the sewer yourself, you must:

• calculate the appropriate amount of equipment and decide on its material;
• choose the best place for installation;
• mount and check the system performance.

Calculation of the volume of the sewer tank

Before installing the entire external sewer system, it is necessary to determine the volume of the sewer tank.

The amount of equipment required depends on:

• on the number of people living in the house (it is especially important if the calculation of capacity is carried out for a country cottage in which people constantly live);
• on the amount of wastewater (on average, one person consumes about 200 liters of liquid per day);
• from the estimated period of cleaning work.

Experts have developed a universal formula for calculating the volume of the sewage tank:

V = n * x * Vday, where

• n is the period between cleaning works, measured in days;
• x - the number of people permanently residing in the house;
• Vday - the estimated volume of wastewater per person per day.

For example, there are 3 people permanently living in the house. It is assumed that the tank for the sewerage will be cleaned every 30 days.

V = 30 days * 3 people * 200 liters per day = 18000 liters, that is, the tank must have a volume of at least 18 m³.

The calculation of the volume of the sewer tank is quite simple. But neglect of this procedure will lead to negative consequences.

Choosing a place to install a sewer tank

At the next stage of equipping the sewer system, it is necessary to determine the place in which the tank for sewage drains will be located. When choosing a location, you should be guided by the following rules:

• so that the liquid can flow into the tank by gravity, the latter is located at the lowest point of the personal plot;
• for the convenience of cleaning the structure, roads are needed along which specialized equipment can drive up;
• it is desirable that the pipeline supplying the drains to the tank is straight. This will save you from installing additional equipment, for example, rotary wells;
• it is not recommended to install a sewerage container near the house, as unpleasant odors may occur. Too great a distance between the house and the sewer tank will result in the need for long piping.

The most optimal distance from the house to the unit is considered to be 6 meters.

Installation of a sewer tank

To independently install a sewer tank, you must:

• Dig a hole for the equipment. The dimensions of the pit should be approximately 50 cm on each side larger than the dimensions of the container.
• Put a layer of sand on the bottom to form the basis for the container. If in the area where it is planned to install a tank for sewerage, clay soils are predominantly present and underground waters are close to the surface, it is more expedient to make a solid concrete foundation under the tank. This will avoid tilting the equipment, the formation of which will quickly damage the device.

• Install the tank. Plastic containers for sewage must be installed strictly horizontally. If you cannot put the unit on your own, then you need to resort to the help of lifting equipment.
• Connect the sewer line.

• Check all joints for tightness. To do this, you need to put a large amount of water into the system under pressure.
• Cover the container with sand on all sides.
• Close the lid provided by the design of the tank.
• Bury, leaving a hole on the surface to clean the tank.

A properly selected and installed sewerage tank will last a long time.

Sewerage storage tank is a simple solution for domestic systems. Installing the tank yourself is not difficult and does not require special skills.