I think each of you made a case for your electronic craft. And when making a body, one nasty problem often arises - making a hole with a shape other than a circle. For example, square, under an LED indicator.

I used to suffer for a long time, drilling along the contour, then grinding these teeth, cursing about the fact that I sanded off too much or messed up the parallelism. In general, I have my hands full on everything related to the machining of materials. And there is nothing to be done about it. But where the hands cannot, the head must work. And we came up with a simple and effective solution.

So. You need to make a square hole in the plastic case.

First, let's mark the hole. It is better to do this using a paper template - you need to mark the corners as clearly as possible. We do this on the outside, front side! Then the corners are drilled through with a thin drill. Here it is important to take a thinner drill. The thinner the hole, the more accurate our hole will be.

Take a ruler and a sharp scalpel. You can use a utility knife or whatever you have on hand. The main requirement is that it must be very sharp, rigid and not loose. I do things like this with a cutter.

Using a ruler from hole to hole, exactly according to the size of our hole (no more, no less, exactly the same!) we make cuts. How deeper topics better, but possible without fanaticism. Because the deeper you cut, the greater the chance that the blade will break off and we will kick outer surface, but this is not the same - it’s ugly. The holes here also rule because the tip of the scalpel falls into them and the edge of the cut does not go further than the hole. Markup here most important stage . It depends on him whether everything will turn out perfect the first time or whether it will have to be trimmed.

That's it, we got four pieces inside. Now we need to pick them up from the center and break inside!

The cut we made will give us a weak point at which the plastic will burst and break. And the holes at the edges will prevent the crack from going further than it should.

It took me no more than 10 minutes to pick this hole. This includes cleaning up trash and being distracted by taking photographs and searching for a scalpel or a drill.

There is an ancient, but somehow forgotten now method of making holes in glass. The space on the glass where there should be a hole is properly cleaned of dirt and grease with gasoline, acetone or alcohol. Next, wet fine sand is poured onto the washed area and a funnel is made in the sand up to the glass with a sharpened stick of the required diameter. Molten solder (lead or tin is acceptable) is poured into the mold prepared in this way in sand. After 1-2 minutes, you should discard the sand and remove the solder cone. An even through hole appears in the glass.

Making holes in glass

There is an ancient, but now somewhat forgotten method of making holes in glass. The space on the glass where there should be a hole is properly cleaned of dirt and grease with gasoline, acetone or alcohol. Next, wet fine sand is poured onto the washed area and a funnel is made in the sand up to the glass with a sharpened stick of the required diameter. Molten solder (lead or tin is acceptable) is poured into the mold prepared in this way in sand. After 1-2 minutes, you should discard the sand and remove the solder cone. An even through hole appears in the glass.

Drilling a hole in glass

A hole in glass can be drilled using a carbide drill. The secret to the success of this operation is in the liquid with which the glass is wetted. It is prepared from aluminum alum dissolved in acetic acid, or from a mixture (one to one) of camphor or turpentine. A plasticine roller is built around the drilling space. Liquid is poured into the resulting bath. The glass must lie on a soft cloth during processing.

Another way to make a hole in glass

Another method for making a hole in glass.
For this work, you will need a drill made of hard metal, plasticine for the production of a small bath, a combination of equal parts of camphor and turpentine, as well as a piece of dense rubber.

Once again about how to drill a hole in glass

About how to drill a hole in glass in 10-15 moments. To do this, you will need to sharpen a thin file like a chisel and attach it to the chuck of a hand drill. Just remember to let the file cool while drilling, even sharpening it occasionally.

Drilling a large hole in glass

The drill is made from a piece of aluminum, duralumin or copper tube 40-60 mm long. From the first end, a wood plug is hammered into it to a depth of 20-25 millimeters, and at the other end the teeth are cut out with a triangular file. A small screw 4-5 mm thick is screwed into the cork so that its smooth part protrudes 10-15 mm. The head is sawed off. A paper washer with a hole equal to the drilled diameter is glued to the glass on both sides. The glass is placed on a piece of rubber. A little abrasive powder is poured onto the drilling space. Then insert the end of the screw protruding from the cork into hand drill, lubricate the teeth with turpentine and then start drilling. When the tube goes deep into the glass by at least 1/3 of its thickness, the glass is turned over and drilling is completed on the second side.

Cutting round glass

We offer the possibility of cutting round glass. A roller from a glass cutter is attached to one jaw of the caliper. Another sponge rests on the glass through a rubber washer. The roller is rolled in a circle a couple of times, then 3-4 tangents are made with a standard glass cutter, making it easier to chip the glass along the boundaries of the cuts. Sharpened edges are cleaned with a file or emery under running water.

Unconventional glass drilling methods

1. A thin steel drill, heated white, is hardened in mercury or a piece of sealing wax and sharpened. Then prepare a saturated solution of camphor in turpentine, moisten it with a drill placed on the brace, and quickly drill the glass, which is then wetted at the point of convergence with the said solution. This method can drill through 1cm thick glass in less than one minute.

2. To drill a hole in glass, we recommend taking a triangular file, dipping it in turpentine and carefully drilling the hole.

3. You can also drill glass into lathe copper rod, lubricating it with oil and sprinkling with sandpaper. Special attention should be pointed at the hole when the drilling process comes to an end and only the last one remains thin layer, since the glass can easily crack

Hole in glass video

The need to make a hole in the glass arises when you need to hang a new mirror on the wall or fix it glass table top. Glass gives in machining, but the fragility of the material requires increased caution and light pressure on the tool, protection from chips and cracks during operation. This problem can be solved in several simple ways.

Having chosen any of the methods, it is better to first test it and practice on a small fragment.

Use a small piece of glass to learn how to properly drill into this fragile material

You cannot ignore safety rules; you must wear protective gloves and goggles.

Do not neglect safety precautions, eyes, face and hands must be protected

To prevent the glass from breaking during operation, you need to prepare the table surface. It must be clean and level, small potholes within the hole area are acceptable, and the entire workpiece must fit on the base. You can place a sheet of plywood and a piece of soft flannel under the workpiece. Then you need to prepare the following tools and materials:

• drill and spear-shaped carbide drill for working on glass or metal, drilling machine;
• turpentine, plasticine;
• marker;
• acetone, alcohol.

How to make a hole in regular glass

1. Lay the workpiece, mark the center and draw a circle of the required diameter, taking into account the thickness of the glass. For thin material it is necessary to step back from the edge by at least 15 mm, and for thick ones - 25 mm.
   Before you start drilling, you need to make markings on the glass
2. Install a spear-shaped or core drill and set the drill speed to the minimum speed, acceptable from 250–1000 rpm.
   To make holes in the stele, you will need special drills
3. Wipe the hole area with acetone or alcohol to degrease.
4. Place the drill according to the markings in the center of the circle and begin work, while dripping turpentine onto the glass. In order not to be distracted by the gravy, you can make a small side out of plasticine and stick it around the hole, pouring turpentine there.
   -
5. The easiest way is to pour water little by little.
   The drill must be positioned strictly vertically, otherwise cracks and chips cannot be avoided
6. Drill the hole halfway, lightly pressing the drill so as not to split the workpiece, then turn the glass over to the other side and do the same. Turpentine is needed to constantly cool the drill, which will ensure high-quality drilling without overheating.
7. If a hole is planned large diameter, then you need to use a crown: a tubular drill with diamond coating.
   Water or turpentine will prevent the drill from overheating

Drilling Tempered Glass

To temper, glass is heated to 680ºC, and then the outer layers are cooled quickly and the inner layers slowly. Thanks to this processing mechanical strength increases by 6 times, but areas of internal stress during drilling contribute to the destruction of the workpiece.

Drill with a regular drill and a drill will not produce tempered glass - it will split into small crumbs, so if necessary, holes are first drilled in the glass and the desired shape is cut out, the edges are processed, and then it is tempered. In industrial conditions, waterjet cutting is possible, when a special powder with water is shot through a narrow nozzle at a speed of 1000 m/s.

Thanks to special processing, the strength of tempered glass is significantly increased.

Is it possible to do without a drill?

Glass was successfully cut long before the invention of drills, here is a time-tested method that guarantees an even hole with smooth edges, no drill required. When working with a torch and hot solder, you should follow safety precautions and take tools personal protection and fire fighting.

To work you will need:

• tin or lead;
• fine clean sand, glue or water;
• alcohol;
• unnecessary iron mug;
• gas burner, stove.

Stages of work:

People have been using mirrors and glass for a long time and cut, drill and shape them different shape, apply drawings to the surface. Therefore, even a novice master can do this work if he has carefully studied the instructions and follows all the steps carefully and slowly. The result will be neat and perfectly straight holes, and the glass will remain intact.

Installation of any communications in the house, be it water supply, sewerage or laying gas pipes, involves their passage through walls or other ceilings. In this material we will talk in detail about how to make a hole for a pipe in a wall, floor or other structural elements of a building, and what you need to pay attention to during the work process.

First of all, we note that the method of drilling a hole in the wall for a pipe will depend on specific conditions, for example, the type of partition, its exterior finishing, as well as the location of the pipeline.

How to make holes in a wall

Before drilling a wall for a pipe, it is worth understanding what standards must be observed during the work process, especially if you are going to drill a load-bearing wall.

When cutting a hole under communications, make sure that such structural elements buildings like:

• barrier and reinforcing gratings in the thickness of the wall;
• ventilation ducts, if any in the building;
• electrical wiring lines.

At the same time, when arranging holes for pipes in the wall, make their diameter slightly larger than the cross-section of the pipeline so that you can install a protective sleeve and, possibly, insulate it mineral wool or other non-flammable material.

Technology for working with holes in the wall for pipes

Please note that before drilling brick wall under the pipe, it is important to make sure that there are no electrical lines or reinforcing rods at the location of the proposed hole. This can be done with a simple metal detector.

Preliminary work includes the following:

• Markings are applied to the wall, indicating the exact location and diameter of the required hole, coinciding with the cross-section of the pipe with the sleeve;
• use a “crown” attachment to cut a hole in the wall;
• in places where the nozzle cannot cope very well hard material, use a punch and a hammer to destroy the wall;
• Having passed a difficult section, they complete the work with a drill until the desired hole is obtained.

It is worth noting that steel drills are not suitable for working with concrete walls. In this case, you will need special pobedit drills that can cut a hole in materials whose thickness reaches 10-15 cm.

Performing work of increased complexity

Particular care should be taken when cutting holes for communications when working with complex materials, such as tile. Due to the sufficient fragility of this material, it cannot be drilled in impact mode.

If you need to make a hole, it is enough big size, you will need to know some techniques:

• to work with such materials, you need special diamond bits, which are used for drilling at low speeds;
• to drill a hole, you may need a device such as a ballerina;
• In order to avoid slipping of the diamond nozzle or ballerina with a smooth surface covered with hard glaze, it is advisable to first scrape off the glossy layer with a file, or stick it masking tape so as not to damage the rest of the tiles.

However, there is also alternative way working with tiled flooring. Although it is cheaper, the risk of damaging the material is much higher. In this case, several holes are made around the circumference in the surface of the tile using a 3-4 mm drill. The areas between the holes begin to be carefully broken with a well-sharpened chisel and hammer, thus forming a hole. For getting exact size holes, edges of the tiles are trimmed with the same chisel.

How to prepare holes in the floor

The rules for preparing the marked holes are determined by the type of base laid and the type of decorative coating laid on top.

Immediately before starting work, you first need to find out whether it will be possible to remove a part by cutting or dismantling finishing coating where the pipes will be laid. If it is not possible to carry out this list of works, that is, it is impossible to make a hole (for example, in a tile), then they are done using one of the methods described above.

Finally

Cut a large hole for chimney not so simple, but possible - just study the technology of work, and also take into account all the nuances that may arise. You can understand the described process more clearly from the presented video material.

During the construction of pipelines, laying sewers and other work, it periodically becomes necessary to make a hole in a pipe of a certain diameter and shape. On the one hand, this simple work, which can be done by novice craftsmen on their own, on the other hand, any process has its own nuances and difficulties, which it is advisable to know about in advance.

Preparing for work

To drill a hole in a pipe, you need to:

• prepare the necessary equipment;
• study the nuances of the process to avoid mistakes.

Necessary equipment

Cutting holes in pipes is done using:

• a regular drill or a special one professional tool. A special machine is used by people whose profession is related to the installation of pipelines. For home purposes, a drill with a speed control function and a set of various drills is sufficient;

• vise for fixing the pipe;
• a file that can be used to widen the hole if necessary;
• hammer. Using this tool, holes of small diameter are punched;
• a wooden block or homemade template that fixes the drill in a given position.

When cutting holes, do not forget about basic safety precautions. It is recommended to wear protective gloves and goggles when drilling pipes.

Nuances

1. Determine the type of material used to make the pipe. Each material has its own characteristics that must be taken into account.
2. Find out the thickness of the pipe wall. The larger this parameter, the more powerful the equipment required. When drilling a through hole, it is necessary to take into account outside diameter pipes.

1. To give the drill additional stability, use a wooden block or a special template:
   • if a block is used, a hole must be drilled in it required diameter and secure finished design at the location of the hole in the pipe. The width of the block (approximately 50 mm) will fix the drill and will not allow it to deviate from the given direction;
   • a homemade template is also made from wooden block. The main difference between the designs is that the template contains several prepared holes different diameters and is equipped with a fastening vice, and the block must be prepared for each hole separately.

1. when drilling metal and cast iron, the drill may overheat, so it is recommended to periodically moisten it with cold water;
2. You can use only sharp drills that are most suitable for a particular material.

Taking into account all the mentioned nuances will allow you to quickly and efficiently make the necessary holes.

Small diameter holes

General drilling diagram

Drilling holes in a metal pipe, including profile pipe made of metal, produced according to the following scheme:

1. the pipe is securely clamped in a vice;

1. if it is necessary to cut several holes, then preliminary marking of the pipe is carried out. To do this, use a tape measure and a marker;
2. a prepared block or template is installed in place of the hole;
3. the drill is wetted in water to prevent it from overheating;
4. drilling is done.

When working with metal pipes It is recommended to use the following as additional lubrication and protection against overheating of the drill:

• machine oil for steel pipes;
• soap solution for copper products.

Features of working on cast iron pipes

Drilling holes in cast iron pipe requires:

• compliance with all safety standards. Since small chips may form during the operation, in addition to protecting your eyes and hands, it is recommended to use a respirator or gauze bandage. In addition, the room where work is carried out must have high-quality ventilation;
• drill a hole in sewer pipe made of cast iron is recommended for low speed drills. The power of the equipment can be gradually increased;
• for drilling optimal choice There will be drills with pobedite tips.

Features of working on plastic pipes

Cutting holes in plastic pipes, for example, in drainage pipe– this is the easiest task. This does not require special equipment. All work can be done with a simple drill.

Drilling has its own characteristics:

• It is necessary to cut holes at minimum drill speeds, since under the influence high temperature the pipe may be deformed;
• If smooth and neat holes are required, then after drilling it is necessary to refine them with a small file or a sharp knife.

Drilling large holes

Now let's look at how to cut a hole in a pipe for a pipe or how to make holes of large diameters. To do this you need:

1. fix the pipe and apply markings to it;
2. according to the scheme described above, drill a hole of small diameter;
3. put a special attachment on the drill for drilling large holes;

1. insert the central drill into the prepared hole;
2. Carefully, first at low speeds of the tool, make a hole of the required diameter.

When working with attachments, the drill must be kept in a strictly vertical position. Due to the slightest shift of the equipment, a hole will appear irregular shape and at an angle.

If a hole ranging in size from 5 mm to 10-15 mm is required, then the use of special nozzles is not required. It is enough to first drill a small hole, and then use a larger diameter drill to bring the hole to the desired size.

Cutting square holes

Square holes are most often cut in square pipe for connecting sections into a finished structure. There are several ways in which such holes can be made. The first is this:

1. the area and dimensions of the future hole are marked on the pipe section;
2. first stage – cutting round hole small diameter according to the diagram presented above;
3. Next, a drill or nozzle of a larger diameter is selected that best fits the size of the circle inscribed in the square;
4. a round hole of large diameter is cut out;
5. using files different sizes a square (rectangular) section is made from a round hole.

The second method is to use a special attachment instead of files. The preliminary stages completely coincide with points 1 – 4 of the instructions above. The prepared hole requires minimal modification.

The article discusses a method for drilling pipes without special equipment. How the drilling machine works is shown in the video.

So, drilling holes in metal, cast iron or plastic pipes is not a daunting task. If you have an ordinary drill with various drills and attachments, you can make holes of different diameters and geometric shapes in a short time.