The best ways to insulate the walls of the house from the inside. How to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside How to insulate a concrete wall in an apartment from the inside

Often a situation arises when central heating batteries in apartment buildings cannot cope with heating the home and it becomes cold in the room. There are several ways to deal with this problem, ranging from buying additional heaters to installing independent heating.

However, these funds require additional energy costs or significant investments in the installation of individual heating. Few people know that well-executed apartment insulation will significantly reduce heat loss and save you from additional costs for electricity or gas.

Warming methods

Most often, the apartment loses heat through the walls. If the room freezes in winter, then the temperature in it drops and humidity rises. The floor becomes cold, mold may appear over time.

What is the best way to insulate the walls of the apartment? To give the correct answer, you need to determine how to do it: from the outside or from the inside. Each insulation method has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Internal insulation

At first glance, it may seem that it is easier. No need to call climbers, there will always be access to the insulation structure to replace some materials. However, practice has shown that insulation from the inside is ineffective and has many disadvantages:

the living area of the rooms decreases, especially in cases where several walls are insulated;
internal insulation will require you to change the interior, you will have to move furniture, transfer things;
at the time of warming, residents are usually resettled;
most importantly, we isolate the wall from the heating system.

A layer of insulation will appear between the wall and the space of the apartment. Insulation will prevent heating.

If the wall is constantly cooled, it can cause it to collapse prematurely. Condensation will form between the wall and the insulation, and moisture will begin to penetrate into the rooms. The advantages of internal insulation include perhaps the lower cost of work.

External insulation

The heat-insulating material is attached to the facade of the building, covering all the external walls of the apartment. Insulation of the walls of the apartment in the external way has several advantages:

the area of \u200b\u200bthe dwelling will not decrease;
all work will take place outside the window, you won’t have to move furniture or move to relatives for several days;
the walls will not freeze, thaw, which will eliminate the appearance of cracks;
the humidity in the apartment will decrease.

Overview of materials

You need to choose the material based on its characteristics, the method of work and financial capabilities.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool (basalt fiber) is a material that can be used to insulate walls in an apartment both outside and inside. A protective coating must be laid on top of the mineral wool. Inside the premises, such can be drywall, plastic, etc., and outside - siding, profiled sheet and other sheet building materials that are resistant to the aggressive influence of environmental factors. Basalt wool is inexpensive and easily attached even to uneven walls.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam or a more modern version - polystyrene. This type of insulation is intended for outdoor use, as it can release toxic substances during prolonged use. Polystyrene is attached to the wall with special plastic nails-umbrellas.

Difficulties can arise only when insulating walls with a large number of irregularities. In this case, before installing polystyrene, it will be necessary to carry out rough plastering. After fixing the polystyrene plates, they are sewn up with a facing coating or simply plastered and painted in the chosen color.

Preparatory work

If you plan to insulate the walls from the outside, you should dismantle elements such as the air conditioning system, satellite dish, etc. This is due to the fact that thermal insulation made in large solid sheets is more effective than laying the material in small pieces.

Surface treatment

Surface preparation for installation of insulation includes cleaning and priming. Cleaning is necessarily carried out in cases where the wall of the house outside was painted or covered with a decorative “fur coat”, and at the moment this coating has cracked, peeled off and peeled off.

After cleaning, the wall is primed and kept for a while until the surface is completely dry. The optimal conditions for outdoor work are dry, calm weather and air temperature from 5 to 30°C.

Material fixing

Installation of insulation should start from the top and lay out row by row horizontally. A necessary condition for the most effective insulation is a spade over the line of the panel seam by 5 cm or more, and when working with brickwork, a spade over the outer perimeter of your apartment.

Styrofoam or polystyrene plates are attached to the wall with the help of "fungi" at the rate of 5 or more pieces per plate. If polystyrene boards protrude beyond the edge of windows or doors, pieces of the required shape are cut with a saw.

At the next stage, the joints between the insulation boards are sealed using mounting foam. After that, the joints are glued with masking tape so that cracks do not appear in these areas over time.

ventilation gap

Effective thermal insulation of walls provides for the formation of a ventilation gap. This stage is especially important if mineral wool is used as a heater. To keep the material in its original form, free air circulation between it and the wall is necessary.

Moisture that is released outside through the wall of the house is removed along with air currents and does not settle on the insulation. This avoids unwanted moisture of the mineral wool.

Thermal insulation of the corner room

The corner room has two common walls with the street, as a result of which heat loss in such a room increases significantly. Over time, the constantly freezing corner becomes damp, the wallpaper deteriorates, and a fungus appears.

Outdoor

Insulation of walls outside in a corner apartment is carried out using the following technologies:

"sandwich";
ventilated design.

When insulating an apartment from the outside by the “sandwich” type, the use of three-layer panels with heat-insulating material inside is implied. Also, the insulation can be fixed between the bearing and decorative outer wall of the apartment.

Scheme of a ventilated facade.

A ventilated facade is installed if a layer of decorative trim is mounted on top of its metal frame, which acts as a protective screen. A layer of thermal insulation is laid between the cladding and the load-bearing wall of the corner apartment. This is how the effect of ventilation will be achieved, preventing the appearance of dampness and condensation on the wall surface.

Internal

Wall insulation inside a corner apartment is usually carried out using foam plastic and is carried out in stages:

the old material is completely removed to the base of the wall;
the surface is treated with a primer with an antiseptic;
the foam is cut into pieces and glued to the wall, starting from the corner;
the seams between the sheets of insulation are sealed with mounting foam;
a reinforced mesh is glued, on which a decorative finish will be applied.

September 3, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior finishing, construction of dachas, garages. The experience of an amateur gardener and horticulturist. He also has experience repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and much more, for which there is not enough time :)

Recently, with the constant increase in energy prices, people tend to insulate their apartments. This procedure really allows you to save on heating and make your home more comfortable, but at the same time, it must be done correctly so that you do not encounter a number of problems later. Therefore, in this article we will consider how to insulate the walls of an apartment inside, and whether it makes sense to do this at all.

Is it worth it to insulate the walls from the inside

Insulating walls from the inside, of course, is much easier than from the outside. However, I will immediately note that this is far from the best solution for a number of reasons:

after the installation of thermal insulation, the walls will no longer warm up at all, as a result of which between them and the wall will be formed. This, in turn, can lead to the formation of mold and even the appearance of cracks on the walls;
when the heater is located from the inside, it is not possible to insulate the ceiling, as a result, the ceiling also turns out to be “cold”, and condensation may form on it;
insulation from the inside takes up living space. In a large apartment, this, of course, will be practically unnoticeable, but for a Khrushchev apartment, where every square centimeter counts, the usable area decreases significantly.

This raises the question - why do internal insulation at all, if it has so many shortcomings? The fact is that it is not always possible to insulate the walls from the outside. For example, if the facade of your house faces the central city street or square, then local authorities are unlikely to allow you to change its appearance.

In addition, sometimes it is not possible to perform external insulation for technical reasons, for example, if the wall is adjacent to an unheated elevator shaft. Thus, it makes sense to implement wall insulation from the inside in the apartment in the following cases:

if it is not possible to place the insulation outside;
if internal insulation is used as an addition to the external one. Even if the additional insulation on the walls is thin enough, it will become much more comfortable inside the housing.

After the walls are insulated from the inside, it is necessary to ensure high-quality ventilation of the room, since the apartment, in fact, turns into a large sealed thermos. This, in turn, will lead to an increase in humidity and a deterioration in the microclimate.

In other cases, it is better to insulate the apartment from the outside.

Warming technology

The process of insulating walls with your own hands from the inside includes several stages:

Each of these stages has its own nuances, which we will discuss below.

Preparation of materials

You need to start work on insulation, of course, with the preparation of materials. Since people are often interested in the best way to insulate housing from the inside, I will say a few words about the insulation.

In principle, you can use any thermal insulation material, since their degree of thermal conductivity differs slightly. However, it should be borne in mind that the material will not be located in housing, but outside it. Therefore, it is better to refuse polystyrene, but mineral wool is a good solution - this heat insulator is much more environmentally friendly, and also fireproof.

In addition to insulation, you will need the following materials:

vapor barrier film - prevents the penetration of moisture into the insulation. If it is not used, then the insulation will be saturated with water, which entails a number of negative consequences;

material for mounting the frame - it can be wooden bars or boards. However, most often they use a regular mounting profile. In this case, you will need more brackets and guides;
drywall or other material for sheathing the frame (lining, plastic panels, etc.)

To complete the purchase of all these materials, you must first calculate the square of the walls. Knowing what the price of each of the materials is, you can calculate the cost of internal insulation in advance.

Wall preparation

So, we figured out how to insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside. Now let's get to work.

As mentioned above, before insulating the wall from the inside in the apartment, it must be prepared. This is done as follows:

first of all, it is necessary to remove the old coating from the wall - wallpaper, tiles, etc. If the wall is covered with gypsum putty or plaster, it is also desirable to remove it.
As mentioned above, moisture will form between the wall and the insulation, as a result of which the gypsum will soak, respectively, this will not lead to anything good. You can remove the plaster with a chisel and a hammer or a puncher turned on in impact mode.

then be sure to treat the wall with antiseptics that will prevent mold. Instructions for use of drugs are usually available on the package.

To achieve the maximum effect of insulation, it is necessary to insulate the ceiling as well, i.e. overlap, which will be adjacent to the frozen wall. This can be done using the wet method - glue the mineral wool plates and additionally fix them with dowels. The surface of the insulation is plastered, on our portal you can get detailed information on how this is done.

This completes the preparation process.

Arrangement of the ventilation gap

The process of arranging the ventilation gap is carried out at the stage of waterproofing the walls. It should be noted that many construction sites offer thermal insulation from the inside without a ventilation gap.

The big disadvantage of such a scheme is that moisture is necessarily formed between the wall and the insulation, which does not go anywhere, which leads to the destruction of the wall. Therefore, it is better to refuse its implementation.

Arrangement of the ventilation gap is carried out in the following sequence:

attach wooden slats about two centimeters thick to the walls. You can arrange them horizontally in increments of about a meter. You can attach the slats to the walls with dowel-nails.
The slats must first be treated with a protective compound so that they do not rot in a humid environment;
then several holes must be made in the wall in order for the ventilation gap to work. To do this, drill holes with a diameter of about 20 mm. To prevent the holes from clogging, they must be protected with a mesh;
further, a vapor barrier film is attached to the resulting crate. Moreover, it should be stretched so that a ventilation gap is formed between the wall and the film.

To drill holes from the inside in a panel house for dowel-nails, you should use a puncher with a pobedit drill.

Frame installation

The frame consists of vertical racks, which are arranged in increments equal to the width of the heat insulator plates. In order for the insulation to fit securely to the uprights, the step between them can be made even a centimeter less than the width of the insulation.

The frame assembly process is as follows:

first of all, mark the walls, according to which the racks and rails will be located. It should be noted that the distance between the wall (vapor barrier in our case) and the rails that will be mounted on the ceiling and floor must be no less than the thickness of the heat insulator so that the insulation can fit inside the frame;
further, brackets are attached to the vapor barrier rails according to the markings, which will hold the racks. Multiple brackets should be used for each rack. For mounting the latter, self-tapping screws are usually used;
rack rails are then attached to the floor and ceiling. They should be located strictly opposite each other so that the racks stand vertically. Therefore, before performing their installation, you should make sure that the markup is accurate;
then the racks are inserted into the rails and fixed with brackets, as shown in the diagram above.

For cutting a metal profile, you can use special scissors for metal.

By the same principle, the installation of the frame from the bars is carried out. The only thing is that in this case guides are not used, so the racks are installed simply according to the markings.

The installation of the insulation is extremely simple - if the racks are located correctly, then the mineral wool plates are simply inserted between them, and their additional fixation is not required. The only thing to avoid cold bridges should be filled with insulation and the space between the wall and the racks.

To do this, you can cut the mineral wool into strips of the required size. You can cut the plates with an ordinary hacksaw for wood.

Mineral wool fibers getting on the skin and especially in the eyes cause severe irritation. Therefore, when working with it, use personal protective equipment.

If gaps form between the mineral wool plates, they must also be filled with insulation. In addition, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the mineral wool to the floor and ceiling. I note that these, at first glance, trifles should not be neglected, since the effectiveness of insulation largely depends on them.

After the insulation is laid, another layer of vapor barrier should be fixed to the frame. If the frame is wooden, then you can use a construction stapler to fix it.

If the frame is metal, the vapor barrier can be temporarily fixed with tape. Subsequently, the film will be fixed with sheathing material.

On forums, people are often interested in how to insulate a wall from the inside in a corner apartment? In fact, the technology is no different.

Frame sheathing

As a rule, the sheathing of the frame in the apartment is carried out with drywall. Therefore, in the end, I will briefly describe the technology of its installation and further finishing:

work must begin with cutting drywall into sheets of a suitable size. To do this, mark the sheets, then cut the cardboard on one side along the marked line with a mounting knife, then break the sheet, and then cut the cardboard on the other side;
prepared sheets should be attached to the frame with self-tapping screws, which should be located at a distance of 5-10 cm from each other. Self-tapping screws must be recessed;

then, at the joints of the sheets, you need to cut a chamfer 5 mm wide. If the end is rounded, the chamfer does not need to be cut;
then a special self-adhesive mesh is glued to the seams between the sheets;

further, the caps of the self-tapping screws and the joints between the sheets are smeared with gypsum putty;
after that, the entire surface of the walls is puttied. On our portal you can find detailed information on how to properly perform puttying;
then the surface is polished with a special grater, on which the mesh is put on:
after that, another layer of finishing putty is applied and final sanding is performed.

Sanding must be done in bright light. In this case, you will see all the flaws that need to be eliminated.

This completes the wall cladding and finishing process. Now you can paint it or, for example, stick wallpaper on it.

If lining or wooden panels are used as cladding, they are simply attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. Accordingly, the skin takes much less time.

Here, in fact, is all the information on how to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside with your own hands.

Conclusion

I told you how to insulate the walls inside with minimal negative consequences. Therefore, do not try to simplify the process and move away from the technology outlined above. Its observance will allow you to make the apartment really warm and cozy.

For more information, see the video in this article. If you encounter any difficulties in the process of warming or some points are not clear to you, ask questions in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

September 3, 2016

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The apartment is insulated from the inside in several cases: if the apartment or room is corner, if the apartment building is panel, and if they want to save on heating. In all three cases, the ways to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside are the same, and come down to choosing options for fixing certain rooms. This means that before insulating an apartment, the task is to select the appropriate technology and building materials for thermal insulation.

Wall insulation technology inside the apartment

Despite the fact that external thermal insulation works more efficiently, internal insulation of premises in an apartment is often done only because it is more convenient, cheaper and faster. The main disadvantage of this method is the reduction in the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe room by. There are more advantages: this is the ability to do all the work yourself and without leaving the apartment, a large selection of heat-insulating materials and options for their fastening, as well as the use of the usual set of home tools when insulating the wall in the apartment from the inside. In parallel with the general effect - an increase in the temperature in the apartment - the effect of saving energy resources on ensuring the operation of the heating system is manifested.

Among the shortcomings, which should also be noted, the following can be listed:

Internal wall insulation does not contribute to the accumulation of heat - the material simply reduces heat losses, which can be 9-14%;
When isolating the premises from the inside with your own hands, the so-called. The "dew point" is formed in the gap between the wall material and the heat insulator, less often - inside the insulation, so condensation may appear in the wall, which will lead to the appearance of mold and other fungal diseases;
Technological violations of the process of internal insulation will lead to freezing of the surface, which, in turn, will cause the destruction of the walls.

The composition of the insulation cake, laid inside on the walls, it is necessary to include a vapor barrier to protect against moisture.

The list of necessary works and materials for high-quality insulation:

You need to buy high-quality vapor barrier material (film), as well as moisture-resistant adhesive tape, which will connect the joints of the rolled vapor barrier;
The main material of the insulation should be with low vapor permeability, if possible, this indicator should be less than the vapor permeability of the walls so that it can move only in one direction - from the apartment to the outside, and not vice versa;
If the heat-insulating material will be glued to the wall, then you need to buy glue. The surface of the insulation is completely lubricated with glue with a layer of 3-5 mm, so that all the irregularities of the wall are filled;
Since the insulation will retain moisture, leaving it in the rooms, insulated rooms must be equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation. Excess moisture with high-quality insulation without ventilation can be observed on the window glass in the form of drips - the windows will begin to “cry”. Also, instead of (together) with ventilation devices, it will be useful to install ventilation valves of the Aereco, Air-Box or Regel-Air type on PVC frames.

What else needs to be done before insulating the wall in the corner apartment from the inside:

Calculations are carried out to determine the thickness of the thermal insulation layer. The thickness of the insulation in a brick or other house depends on the average temperature in the region in winter;
The surface of the insulated wall before work is protected by a primer, which protects the wall material from mold and enhances the adhesive properties of surfaces;
The insulation is glued or attached to the dowels after the surface has completely dried.

Types of heaters for an apartment

Mineral wool (stone, basalt, fiberglass) is an insulator for interior surfaces, but wall insulation inside an apartment with concrete walls requires the use of a high-density material to create a vapor-tight surface. Mineral wool "breathes", so when it is used, condensation may appear on the walls under the insulation. Therefore, when choosing mineral wool, you need to buy material only with the highest density, for example, like polystyrene foam. Do not forget about vapor barrier - without it, the possibility of condensation also increases.

Expanded polystyrene, polystyrene or foam plastic are more suitable for insulating walls from the inside, as they have low thermal conductivity and a fairly high density. Dense material is a smaller thickness of the insulation layer, which means saving usable space. In addition, the weight of these heat-insulating materials is small, so it will be easy to work with them, and a flat work surface will allow you to quickly fix the plates on any wall and in any way - with glue or dowels. EPP and its varieties can be easily cut with an ordinary knife, but with such ease of machining, the material withstands compressive forces well.

The use of these heaters eliminates the occurrence of a "dew point" in the heat insulator, so vapor barrier is not needed. The joints of the insulation boards are insulated with mounting foam, which automatically eliminates the appearance of "cold bridges". In addition, extruded polystyrene foam boards are equipped with special locking grooves and spikes that tightly and firmly connect the surfaces into a monolith, so such wall insulation inside the apartment will be much tougher than mineral wool insulation. Mounting such plates is quite simple: they are placed in a row and fixed with plastic umbrella dowels through the wall.

One of the significant disadvantages of foam plastic and foam plastic is the low noise insulation coefficient. Flammability and release of toxic substances are also negative properties of these materials. Therefore, in order to level or at least minimize these negative aspects, a wall insulated with expanded polystyrene should be plastered or covered with drywall (also followed by finishing with a layer of plaster).

Polyurethane foam is a material that foams when applied to the surface, and you will need special equipment to work with it. But the effect of such thermal insulation is much higher than that of insulation with the materials described above, since the hardening foam forms a seamless, dense and rigid surface, for which it is not necessary to pre-lay vapor and waterproofing.

Before insulating a corner room with polyurethane foam, a wooden or metal frame is mounted on its surface, between the profiles of which liquid thermal insulation is applied. The frame is necessary so that after insulation it can be attached to the sheathing sheets - drywall, plywood, OSB, etc.

In addition, when working with polyurethane foam, the following qualities are manifested:

Polyurethane foam quickly hardens, and you can give it the desired shape by trimming. For example, to form an even and right angle, or to cut a niche in the body of the insulation;
PPU ideally insulates the places of "cold bridges" on the joints of surfaces;
The surface of the frozen polyurethane foam adheres well to even and curved surfaces;
PPU is convenient to use when insulating rooms with non-standard geometric dimensions and architectural forms;
The surface of PPU can be finished with any decorative materials, from drywall to tiles.

How else to insulate an apartment in a panel house from the inside? Cork is a natural insulation produced in slabs or rolls. The material is cork wood, which is the key to the environmental friendliness of the interior coating. In addition to insulation, cork isolates noise well, and the texture of the plates does not require additional decoration.

The only condition that will have to be ensured before insulating the wall in the apartment from the inside with a cork is a flat surface, therefore, before gluing the plates or a roll of cork, the surface is leveled by plastering. To do this, it is necessary to remove old paint, whitewash or plaster, treat the wall with an antiseptic and prime it. The last operation is the application of a layer of plaster, on which, after it has dried, it will be possible to attach the cork coating. The cork is glued to the wall surface with the same glue that is used for gluing polystyrene foam, if it is not possible to purchase a special adhesive composition.

In addition to environmental friendliness, low thermal conductivity and excellent sound insulation, cork has the following advantages:

Simple, quick and easy installation, neat and clean work;
Beautiful coating texture;
Warm to the touch velvety surface;
Different forms of plates and rolls, different textures and patterns on the surface;
The cork heat insulator has a small thickness, so the insulation does not take up much space in the room and does not take up the useful area of the room.

Foam-based thermal insulation materials are produced in rolls 2-10 mm thick. The strip has a one-sided foil coating that directs heat radiation back into the room.

Penofol technology:

Before fixing the penofol, the walls must be cleaned of old coatings, leveled and plastered clean;
On a new prepared surface, penofol is easiest to fix with double-sided construction tape, foil to the room. The cattle should also be covered with foil on one side;
Strips from a roll after rolling are fastened end-to-end to each other;
On top of the mounted foam coating, a wooden lath is assembled. Also, the frame can be made of a metal profile. A decorative coating will subsequently be attached to the frame - lining, drywall, swings or other building materials. If drywall is used, then after fixing it on the wall, it is plastered, wallpapered or painted. Also, when covering the penofol with drywall, a ventilation gap should be left between it and the wall, through which air will circulate and expel accumulated moisture.

Penofol, even with its small thickness (much thinner than other heaters), is an almost perfect heat insulator and noise suppressor. The high characteristics of penofol are quite enough to use it without additional insulation measures, but if necessary (for example, in the Far North), combine it with other types of thermal insulation materials. And the main thing when working with penofol: it is quickly mounted, it performs its functions for a long time and reliably, and takes up almost no space on the wall.

When choosing a heat-insulating material for the internal insulation of the walls of an apartment, a preliminary examination of the room will help determine the characteristics of the insulation for the level of preparedness of the walls for work. On a dry and mold-free surface, the insulation can be fixed immediately, but if there is even the slightest sign of surface moisture, the wall should be dried and the entire preparatory complex of measures should be carried out, from applying antiseptic compounds to leveling and re-drying.

Without careful surface preparation, insulation can turn out to be not only a useless and expensive undertaking - it will adversely affect the microflora in the thickness of the wall, causing first microscopic, and then more and more cracks and destruction. In addition, mold bacteria and high humidity in the room always lead to respiratory diseases of the people living in it.

Many would probably like to know how to insulate an apartment with their own hands. Old Soviet-built houses are mostly poorly insulated. The central heating systems are very worn out. About how to properly perform such work, and we will talk later in the article.

Stages of warming

How to prepare an apartment for winter? The order of work in this case should be as follows:

Insulation of windows and doors.
Replacement of old heating radiators.
Wall insulation.
Insulation of the ceiling and floor.
Efficient ventilation device.

So, let's figure out how to insulate an apartment, in more detail.

Window insulation with rubber bands

The answer to the question of how to insulate an apartment depends, among other things, on how tight the windows are in it. Of course, dried out wooden structures are best replaced with new plastic ones. However, sometimes it happens that the funds for this are not enough. In this case, you will have to insulate the old windows. How to do it right? There are several methods for isolating such structures:

Use of rubber seals.
Seal gaps between frames.
Sticking with strips of fabric, paper or tape.

Rubber seals are sold in hardware stores and are narrow tapes made of foam rubber or one of the varieties of soft polymer. Warming with their help is extremely simple. The tape is attached to the frame by means of an adhesive layer on it. When performing this procedure, you need to try not to stretch the material.

caulk insulation

Having wondered how to insulate the apartment inside, you should also pay attention to the gaps between the frames and the opening. Sometimes they are very wide. Using a sealant in this case may not help. Large gaps are best sealed. To do this, you can use rags, pieces of foam rubber, or even just paper. On top of the caulk, all surfaces should be sealed with masking tape or tape.

Use of putty for sealing windows

There is another answer to the question of how to properly insulate an apartment by sealing windows. You can close the gaps using putties specially designed for this. Such mixtures are applied with the help. Recently, transparent sealants are also often used to insulate windows. The technology of insulation in this case is no different from the method of insulation with ordinary alabaster putty. In the event that the sealant accidentally gets on the glass, it is not necessary to wash it. Remove it with a sharp blade after solidification.

Replacement of heating radiators

It is also cold in high-rise buildings due to the low efficiency of old heating radiators. Therefore, having wondered how to insulate an apartment, of course, you should also think about replacing them. Do this in the warm season, before the start of the heating season. The order of work in this case is as follows:

Cut off old radiators.
Marking is done on the wall, brackets are nailed.
The new battery is hung on the wall. Nuts included in the kit are screwed onto all its four outlet pipes.
Further, inlet and outlet taps are screwed to two of them (diagonally at the top and bottom), with tow winding and thread coating with paste.
Opposite the first, on the back of the radiator, a Mayevsky crane is installed.
The remaining branch pipe is closed with a special plug.

The method of connecting radiators described above is called diagonal. There are also side and bottom mounts. In the first case, both taps - both inlet and outlet - are screwed on one side of the battery, at the top and bottom. The air release device and the plug, respectively, are installed on the other. When connecting to the bottom, both valves are attached to the right and left to the lower branch pipes. The Mayevsky crane is always installed opposite the element supplying the coolant.

How to increase the efficiency of heating batteries

How to insulate an apartment with your own hands by replacing heating radiators, you now know. Here are some tips on how to make their work more efficient. So:

If it is cold in your apartment, in no case should you cover the batteries with decorative panels.
When radiators are placed in too deep niches under the windows, they will heat much worse.
The battery should be about 5 cm from the wall, and not less than 10 cm from the floor and window sill.

Wall insulation with mineral wool

Thus, we have considered how to insulate an apartment from the inside by sealing windows and a balcony door, as well as replacing heating radiators. Next, consider how to properly insulate walls. This procedure consists of several stages:

The walls are thoroughly cleaned of dust and dirt.
The crate is mounted under the drywall sheets. The easiest way to make it is from a beam of width corresponding to the thickness of the insulation.
Between the purlins, mineral wool slabs are inserted by surprise.
Further, they are additionally fixed to the wall with dowels - "fungi".
On top of the mounted insulation boards, it is stretched. Unfortunately, it is located inside the walls themselves when insulating the room from the inside. Therefore, the insulating material must be carefully protected against the formation of condensation on it. For this purpose, vapor barriers are used. It can be an ordinary thick polyethylene film or some of its modern substitutes. The vapor barrier strips are fixed horizontally, starting from the bottom. Fix them to the crate with thin bars.
Next, drywall sheets are mounted on the resulting counter-lattice.
At the final stage, the walls are painted or wallpapered.

Surface insulation with polystyrene foam

There is another answer to the question of how to insulate an apartment from the inside by lining the walls. This can be done with rigid polystyrene foam boards. The walls are also thoroughly cleaned, degreased and primed. Then they are glued on. In this case, special adhesives designed for foam plastics are used. In this case, the crate is not stuffed. Plates are fixed to the wall apart. Begin installation from the bottom - from the floor. At the corners of the slab, cut to the required width with a sharp knife. In addition to the walls, they are fixed with “fungus” dowels. Next, seal all joints with white mounting foam. After that, the surface of the walls is covered with a special adhesive, into which the reinforcing is pressed. At the final stage, the walls are finished with decorative or ordinary plaster.

Use of Styrofoam

Sometimes the insulation of apartments is carried out with foam. This material has a low degree of thermal conductivity and is very inexpensive. The answer to the question of how to insulate an apartment with foam plastic is also not too complicated. The procedure for performing work in this case is exactly the same as when insulating surfaces with polystyrene foam. The only thing is that you need to handle foam sheets as carefully as possible. The problem is that they can be broken very easily.

How to insulate the ceiling

Of course, the answer to the question of how to effectively insulate an apartment inside also depends on how well it can hold. This is especially true for apartments located on the top floors. The method is absolutely no different from the wall insulation method. The only thing - in this case, you need to pay maximum attention to fixing the plates to the surface. If you can not use dowels - "fungi" when insulating the walls, then when installing the insulator to the ceiling, their use is considered mandatory. Otherwise, the plates will simply fall.

How to insulate the floor

The question of how to insulate an apartment with your own hands, if it is located on the ground floor, also comes down to how to isolate the floors. To do this, first remove the fine finish. Next, remove the old boards. The opened logs must be smeared with antifungal and refractory compounds that increase the refractory properties of wood. Then, insulation boards are laid between them. In this case, you can use both mineral wool and polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene. The thickness of the insulation should be slightly less than the width of the lag. This is necessary so that eventually a ventilation gap remains between it and the new floorboard. At the next stage, a vapor barrier is mounted on top of the insulation. Attach it to the logs on thin slats (two on each side). Next, proceed to stuffing the board.

In the event that you wondered how to insulate a corner apartment, wall, floor and ceiling insulation would be the best answer to it. The fact is that in such premises the structures freeze through much more than in ordinary ones. This is especially true for corners.

Ventilation device

So, how to insulate a cold apartment, you now know. However, after the walls, floor and ceiling are insulated, the room may become stuffy and damp. Therefore, at the final stage, you should definitely take care of the device for effective ventilation. The easiest option would be to buy a ready-made system. However, such equipment is very expensive. Therefore, in a standard small apartment, you can use a slightly different ventilation method. To do this, before installing the insulation in the outer walls under the windows, holes are drilled with a diameter of about 10 cm. Exactly the same will need to be done in the “pie” of the wall insulation.

It is very easy to check the correct operation of the common house ventilation shaft. To do this, you will need to bring a lit lighter to the grates in the kitchen and toilet. If the flame begins to noticeably deviate from the vertical axis, then everything is in order. The ventilation is working properly. If this does not happen, you will have to contact the management company and call specialists for verification.

We hope that now you more or less understand how to insulate an apartment in a high-rise building with your own hands correctly. Having completed all the activities described above, you can make your home as comfortable as possible for living in the cold season.

How to insulate an apartment from the outside

Since the method of isolation from the outside is considered much more effective, despite the complexity of implementation, sometimes it is also used for insulation. However, such a procedure can be carried out independently only when the apartment is located on the first or, in extreme cases, on the second floor. To isolate the premises located above, you will have to call specialists. Next, consider how to insulate an apartment from the outside in stages:

First of all, a crate is stuffed on the walls.
Further, heat insulator plates are inserted between the bars.
The walls are covered with a waterproofing film fastened to the bars.
Siding in progress.

When installing insulation boards, it is very important to make sure that they cover all joints around the perimeter of the apartment.