Average prices per 1 m 2 for facades made of composite panels for a section of a blank wall with an area of ​​20-100 sq. m.

3300 rub.

Subsystem (Al) 1200 rub. per m 2

Insulation 100 mm 400 rub per m 2

Installation work 2100 rub. per m 2

Total: 7000.00 rub. per m 2

Average prices per 1 m2 for facades made of composite panels for a section of a blank wall with an area of ​​100-300 sq. m.

Aluminum Composite Panels 3050 rub. per m 2 (price taking into account a minimum waste of 40%, depending on the size of the project, waste may be more)

Subsystem (Al) 1050 rub. per m 2

Insulation 100 mm 400 rub per m 2

Installation work 2000 rub per m 2

Total: 6500.00 rub. per m 2

Average prices per 1 m2 for facades made of composite panels for a section of a blank wall with an area of ​​300-1000 sq. m.

Aluminum Composite Panels 3050 rub. per m 2 (price taking into account a minimum waste of 40%, depending on the size of the project, waste may be more)

Subsystem (Al) 1000 rub per m 2

Insulation 100 mm 40 0 rub per m 2

Installation work 18 00 rub per m 2

Total: 6250.00 rub. per m 2

Average prices per 1 m2 for facades made of composite panels for a section of a blank wall with an area of ​​1000 sq. m.

Aluminum Composite Panels 2794 RUR per m 2 (price taking into account a minimum waste of 40%, depending on the size of the project, waste may be more)

Subsystem (Al) 1000 rub per m 2

Insulation 100 mm 386.70 rub per m 2

Installation work 16 00 rub per m 2

Total: 5780.70 rub. per m 2

Detailed prices for facades with an area of ​​1000 m2

№	Name	Unit.	price, rub.	Consumption sq.m.	Amount, rub.
1. Aluminum composite cassettes G1, 4 mm
1.1.	Aluminum composite G1, 4 mm, taking into account the minimum waste when cutting 40% (waste depends on the size of the cassettes and may be more)	sq.m.	RUB 1,460.00	1,4	2044.00 rub.
1.2.	Cutting, milling, cassette manufacturing	sq.m.	RUB 750.00	1	RUB 750.00
Cost of 1 sq.m. composite					2794.00 rub.
2. Subsystem (AL) is standard with an extension for insulation of 100 mm.
2.1.	Aluminum subsystem is standard, taking into account an extension for insulation of 100 mm, including fastening elements in solid brick/concrete	sq.m.	1000	1	1000.00 rub.
Cost of 1 sq.m. subsystems (AL)					1000.00 rub.
3. Two-layer insulation with a total thickness of 100 mm.
3.1.	Two-layer insulation 100 mm. + 2% for pruning	m.cub.	3350.00 rub.	0,1	RUR 341.70
3.2.	Fasteners for insulation 10x160 with a plastic nail	PC.	10.00 rub.	4,5	45.00 rub.
Cost of 1 sq.m. insulation 100 mm.					RUB 386.70
4. Installation work
4.1.	Installation of ventilation façade with assembly and disassembly of scaffolding	sq.m.	RUB 1,600.00	1	RUB 1,600.00
Cost of 1 sq.m. installation work 1600 rub.					RUB 1,600.00
Total including VAT 18% per 1 sq.m.					5780.70 rub.
These calculations were made using prices as of August 16, 2018 as an example. All components of the ventilation façade must be designed taking into account project documentation for each specific object and individual characteristics each specific object. The calculation does not include the cost of delivering materials to the site, manufacturing and installing slopes, ebbs, and parapet covers.
5. Additional types of work
5.1. Additional elements
5.1.1.	Production of slopes and flashings from galvanized steel, 0.55 mm thick, painted polyester	m. linear	450	1	450
5.1.2.	Angle for fastening slopes, ebbs made of galvanized steel, 0.55 mm thick, painted polyester	m. linear	75	2	150
5.1.3.	Manufacturing of slopes and flashings from galvanized steel, 0.7 mm thick, painted polyester	m. linear	550	1	550
5.1.4.	Angle for fastening slopes, ebbs made of galvanized steel, 0.7 mm thick, painted polyester	m. linear	100	2	200
5.1.5.	Manufacturing of roof parapet apron from galvanized steel, 0.7 mm thick, polyester painted, reamed up to 1000 mm, including substructure.	m. linear	1200	1	1200
5.2. Installation work
5.2.1.	Installation of slopes and ebbs	m. linear	450	1	450
5.2.2.	Installation of roof parapet apron	m. linear	650	1	650
5.2.3.	Filing ceilings without insulation with metal soffit (work + materials)	sq.m.	2500	1	2500
5.2.4.	Finishing of canopies with composite panels	sq.m.	4500	1	4500
5.2.5.	Installation of a drainage system materials + labor	m. linear	1500	1	1500
5.3. Design work
5.3.1.	Geodetic survey of the object (within the Moscow Ring Road)	sq.m.	40.00 rub.	1	40.00 rub.
5.3.2.	Development of working documentation for the facility	sq.m.	RUB 75.00	1	RUB 75.00
5.3.3.	Registration of a color passport	PC.	RUB 150,000.00	1	RUB 150,000.00
5.3.4.	Strength calculation of ventilation façade design	PC.	RUB 25,000.00	1	RUB 25,000.00
5.3.5.	Testing of anchor technology	PC.	0.00 rub.	1	0.00 rub.
5.3.6.	Development of 3D visualization of the object	sq.m.	50.00 rub.	1	50.00 rub.

Facade cladding with composite panels- this is the installation of a special coating in the form of plates on profile subsystems, consisting of an outer and inner metal layer and a polymer layer.Finishing buildings from the outside allows you to finally form architectural style, at the same time it must have a certain set of qualities. Ventilated facades are modern look cladding, which helps solve two problems at once: make the building attractive and provide a high degree of protection from the influence of any weather conditions.

What is called a composite facade?

This type is created in the form of a structure with a certain number of layers, it contains:

• cladding material;
• frame with fastening elements;
• material or several materials to insulate heat, from wind, and moisture;
• gap for ventilation (between the cladding and the wall).

Ventilated facades have a mass positive properties, so they are gaining more and more popularity. Various choice of facing material possible.

The essence of materials is to combine various materials artificially in order to obtain products with the positive qualities of all the materials involved. Now similar technological processes brought to perfection and allow us to obtain high-quality and aesthetic panels.

The composition of the material may include two or more materials; they can differ significantly in characteristics. The slabs receive protection from exposure to sunlight, humidity, precipitation, and frost. The outer layer is covered with special types of paints and varnishes, and the surface is protected from scratches and defects during delivery with self-adhesive film.

Advantages and disadvantages

This material is used very widely, they do not suffer from corrosion and have an enormous degree of strength. These materials can withstand dynamic loads without consequences. Thanks to high levels of flexibility, strength and low weight, this type of cladding occupies its niche in our market building materials and is excellent for ventilated facades.

A ventilated facade made from this material can look varied, since sheets are produced in different shades of color. In addition to facades, such materials are also chosen for internal spaces. The materials retain their qualities for a long time and can withstand both heat and frost, precipitation, and temperature changes.

High insulation characteristics make it possible to practically eliminate the influence of any external factors on the structure. The slabs can form only part of the structure, for example, columns, mosaics, etc. They are used for finishing business buildings, advertising structures, trade pavilions, and various types of interiors.

The cladding can be completed in a short period of time.

Pros:

• complete protection from winds and dampness;
• weighting does not occur;
• easy to clean, dirt almost does not “cling”;
• increased noise protection;
• compliance with fire safety standards;
• absorption of vibrations, reduction of heat loss;
• environmental safety;
• ease of replacing panels if necessary;
• no expansion when heated.

Like any materials, they have their drawbacks.

Installation of the coating must be done carefully, since the coating can be easily damaged mechanically by dyes. Composite ventilation façades are not cheap, so these materials are not often seen in our country, but their quality is worth it.

Panel types

Aluminum (manufacturer: Alkotek)

Aluminum materials manufactured by Alcotek are suitable for ventilation facades, cladding works, interior decoration, as well as for the creation of advertising objects. These materials are made of two aluminum sheets, between which the filler is placed homogeneous type. He is polymer composition, which includes minerals and fire retardants. Special view composition with adhesive components allows you to achieve strong adhesion of sheets and filler.

Slabs are produced with a width of 1220, 1500 mm, and a thickness of 3–4 mm. Aluminum plates have a thickness of 0.3–0.5 mm. Aluminum materials have a length from 2100 to 8000 mm, this allows you to select the most suitable products according to the measurements of buildings.

Aluminum slabs have high strength, successfully withstand winds, and there is no delamination or warping during operation. This factor is important, especially for high-rise buildings. Aluminum plates have a high degree of ductility, thanks to the use of cold rolling. This plus the absence of additional grooves allows you to perform Finishing work for facades of any shape. Even for oval, cylindrical, curved structures the material is suitable. The sheets do not lose their original shape and color and can be used for a long period, since the materials used in their manufacture High Quality. Delamination does not occur even in bend areas during installation work and throughout the entire service life.

On the back side, these materials are coated with a special composition that prevents the development of corrosion processes. High degree of adhesion between layers, resistance to any external conditions make it possible to use aluminum sheets for temperature conditions from +80 to -50 degrees.

Steel (manufacturer "Kraspan")

“Kraspan” brand steel plates are multi-layered, the front part consists of a galvanized steel sheet, and protection is provided on top by applying a coating. It is based on polyester or polyvinylidene fluoride and comes in a variety of shades.

The middle of the panels is made from polymer material, it is non-toxic and also non-flammable. The back side consists of galvanized steel. Fastening with rivets or cassettes. Kraspan panels are classified as fire-resistant.

The width of the panels is 1250 mm, the length is from 2000 to 4500 mm. The total thickness is 2 mm (1.4 mm for filler, and 0.3 mm each for steel sheets). The installation of panels made of Kraspan steel is made of U-shaped or L-shaped metal; it is possible to mount them in the area of ​​floors between floors. The sheets are suitable for sunny sides of buildings and retain their shape in gusts of wind.

Aluminum panel

The basis for the panels is a 0.5 mm layer of aluminum, followed by polymer sheets.

The structure of aluminum panels includes:

• coating for protection against corrosion processes;
• composition containing a primer for even greater protection against corrosion;
• high strength aluminum sheet;
• non-toxic plastic or other polymer;
• second aluminum sheet, also durable:
• primer containing polyvinylidene fluoride resin (PVDF);
• composition for coloring with PVDF;
• self-adhesive film.

To ensure an even greater degree of strength, each component of the panels is coated with a special composition. There are sheets made from materials that are not prone to combustion. Carbide and other non-toxic substances can be used as additional layers in the panels. Lightness and ease of installation are important for panels. For one square meter the weight of aluminum alloy panels can range from 3 to 8 kg. Sheets are made from standard parameters, however, you can place an order according to the required sizes.

Steel panel

Steel sheets are very popular and have a lot of positive qualities:

• resistance to winds, including hurricanes;
• strength is higher than that of aluminum products;
• impressive service life;
• temperature tolerance from -50 to +80 °C;
• perfect smoothness;
• possibility of installation using rivets;
• rust protection.

Steel sheets are perfect for manufacturing because they can withstand high temperatures.

Mostly found steel sheets with the following structure:

• protective covering;
• galvanized steel sheet;
• thermopolymer glue;
• composite material;
• thermopolymer glue;
• second sheet of steel;
• primer;
• enamel or PL-polyester film for corrosion protection;
• protection film.

Possible applications

Each manufacturer produces slabs of various colors, the number of colors is no more than 20. The shades can be similar, but in reality they will always have differences, the same applies to the level of gloss or dullness. In addition to the main colors, there may be more interesting ones: for example, silver, bronze, gold, etc.

Slabs that imitate various materials (wood, granite, marble, steel) are highly attractive. You can also find slabs with chameleon flowers that give different effects from different viewing angles, but when selecting them you need to check whether they are suitable for decoration.

The most extensive area of ​​application of panels is the cladding of buildings, when the material is attached to a pre-created frame of profiles. The advantage of this method is the ability to perform installation in winter. The coating can also be used on old, cracked ones. Any building gets a complete, attractive and modern look.

Construction device

The construction of a ventilation facade made of panels is attractive to many, because such a facade is quite multifunctional. The main idea is to obtain a durable coating using lightweight materials.

All subsystems have a lot of similarities and consist of layers that are attached to a rigid frame. The frame is installed separately, it is attached to outside walls of the building. Installation of panels is almost the same as working with steel panels. The load-bearing type structure consists of a set of profiles, as well as brackets. Such systems make it possible to make surfaces smooth, correct all imperfections, and all panels, after proper installation of the base, will lie flat.

Ventilated facades are made with layers for:

• wind protection;
• heat insulation;
• steam protection

To perform the listed functions, the top covering itself is placed on top of a material or several materials - panels. They themselves are a significant protection and element of decorative finishing.

The components of the ventilation facade are thought out so that each layer fully fulfills its purpose. The materials placed inside should not allow the insulation to get wet. However, the main protection is provided by the panels; they prevent the internal structure from becoming mechanically damaged, getting wet, or otherwise being damaged by any weather conditions.

Material consumption for the NVF system

When the insulation has already been selected, its quantity is calculated in the same way as for finishing panels. For private buildings, for example, they use mineral wool, polystyrene. You shouldn’t save too much and take too thin a layer of insulation, otherwise it may not provide the necessary functions.

When calculating the number of brackets, the area and type of panels are taken into account. Aluminum frames are lighter and their construction is more economical. The heavier the selected panels, the more often the brackets are placed. For insulation you need disc-shaped dowels, usually 5 pieces are taken for each of the slabs.

Also, do not forget that you need to hire professionals for installation, allocate funds for geodetic work, and get advice from specialists.

NVF installation technology

The process is divided into the following stages:

• cleansing;
• marking;
• installation of brackets;
• securing material to insulate heat;
• installation of guides;
• milling;
• installation of panels.

Installation of panels requires extremely precise markings; manufacturers themselves provide instructions with requirements for the installation process. Drains, air conditioners, and antennas need to be removed from the walls. The paint or plaster is removed. Treatment is carried out with special solutions (primer, antiseptics), and crumbling coatings are also removed.

To match the correct geometry of the façade, it is important to place all components of the structure with utmost precision. For horizontal markings, a laser or water level is used, and for vertical markings a plumb line is needed. Lines for profiles are drawn in accordance with the width of the panels. After marking, holes for fastener guides are made at the required points. The support points are connected in advance, the resulting grid helps to accurately position the decor.

Brackets made of aluminum or steel are fixed, their design allows you to adjust the position in the plane area. After this, the supporting profile systems will be located.

Sealants are used to insulate between the wall and the panels. Special gaskets help avoid frame deformation at extremely low or elevated temperatures. Brackets with a sealing layer are secured with anchor bolts; a pitch of 60–75 cm is considered standard.

Installation of insulation:

• material is placed in the spaces between the brackets;
• make cuts to secure the brackets;
• the insulation must be secured in the corners and in the center;
• then a membrane is attached to protect against steam and wind, and disc dowels are used.

A U-, T-, L-shaped profile is used for the frames; assembly is carried out according to the instructions. Vertically located guides are secured with self-tapping screws or rivets; there must be a gap of 40 mm between the insulation and the panels. Then they mount horizontal panels, the step is equal to the parameters of the cladding material. When the elements are ready, their placement in space is leveled using a thread between the first and last of the profiles. It is important to fix the frame evenly and leave the proper gap.

Installation is affected by the type of panels. At closed type the profile is bent and inserted into the groove. Open installation involves end-to-end installation and fastening with locks.

When performing cladding work, it is important not to damage the panels, the price of which can be quite high. Only correct and careful assembly will achieve the properties that the structure should perform. The panels are fastened starting from the bottom and moving up. It is important to prevent foreign bodies from getting into the gap area. High-quality installation– guarantee of attractive appearance and long term services.

Construction cost

The panels do not belong to the class of cheap materials; for their high quality indicators you will have to pay more than for other finishing materials.

But they are lightweight, allow creative design, and are easy to repair. This coating is also vandal-resistant. The cost is influenced by the components, the type of panels selected (material), and the service life will also depend on this. There are panels universal type, fire-resistant, as well as premium panels.

For fastening you need to use milling machine, have necessary knowledge, it is also advisable to complete the cutting project.

№	Name	Unit measurements	Price
1	Geodetic survey	m 2	50 rub.
2	Design work	m 2	95 rub.
3	Subsystem from the evaluated	m 2	670 rub.
4	Rockwool insulation 100 mm + 5% for cutting	m 2	350 rub.
5	Composite cassettes G1 4mm, taking into account the consumption of 15%	m 2	1390 rub.
6	Subsystem fasteners (rivets, anchors)	m 2	85 rub.
7	Galvanized flashings, slopes 0.7 mm painted according to RAL	m 2	380 rub.
8	Subsystem of parapet covers 1 mm thick (primed)	m 2	250 rub.
9	Parapet covers 0.7 mm painted according to RAL	m 2	590 rub.
10	Unexpected expenses	m 2	40 rub.
11	Fare	m 2	25 rub.
12	Installation/dismantling of construction lifts	m 2	95 rub.
13	Installation of façade under structures	m 2	560 rub.
14	Installation of insulation	m 2	290 rub.
15	Installation of window sills/slopes	m.p.	295 rub.
16	Milling/assembling cassettes	m 2	265 rub.
17	Installation of cassettes	m 2	520 rub.
18	Installation of parapets	m.p.	740 rub.

Aluminum composite material consists of two thin layers aluminum sheet, between which there is a mineral-filled layer.

Aluminum composite panels are used for cladding the facades of public buildings. The purpose of buildings can be very different; aluminum facade cassettes will look appropriate when cladding office buildings, shopping centers, exhibition pavilions, airports, train stations, hotels, gas stations, and any other business centers in crowded places. Aluminum composite looks great in combination with glass. Composite cassettes often become the cladding of columns, pylons, and various protrusions on the facade of buildings. Sometimes they are also used for walls. interior decoration, for example, car dealerships.

• The advertising composite is on fire. There are no requirements for the composite. That's why they use G4.
• It's thinner. Facade panels have a thickness of at least 4mm; advertising panels have no restrictions on thickness.

Composite panels for the facade have an interlayer white. Historically, combustible composites have a black layer. The color of the layer is not a panacea. Unfortunately, it is too easy to fake a color in order to deceive the customer.

The external similarity of the advertising and facade composites led to the use of a cheaper one as a facade material. Those. Composite material cassettes were formed from flammable G4 sheet. Although aluminum facades can only be made from materials not lower than flammability group G1. This inevitably affected the composite panels.

In Russia, there are known cases of fires in buildings with facades covered with composite panels. Those
cases where flammable advertising composites were used are notorious throughout the country. This is, for example, Grozny City or a residential building for the resettlement of Emergency Situations Ministry workers in Krasnoyarsk. The spread of fire quickly engulfed the entire building, leaving no chance of salvation. Because of these events, hon. modern facade made of composite panels were prohibited for use in some cities of Russia, the altitude of use was limited, incl. prohibited for use on buildings where people stay 24/7.

Now the situation with the use of composite facades has leveled off. In Moscow, facing composite panels are allowed again. Thanks to the realization of many that any quality material or the design can be damaged by violating the installation technology, especially by falsifying the products. The most popular ones are always counterfeited. It is imperative to approach with utmost care the issue of choosing the brand and supplier of the aluminum composite panel. You will become aware of some selection factors by reading this article.

How fire tests are carried out to assign a flammability group

All fire hazardous properties of the analyzed material are based precisely on the quality of the interlayer. Aluminum sheet itself does not burn and does not support combustion. Therefore, when testing for class assignment fire danger a group of factors is assessed:

• The calorific value of the inner layer must be at least 9.5 MJ/kg;
• Fire hazard class of building materials – KM1;
• Flammability group – not less than G1;
• Flammability group – B1;
• Smoke generating ability group – D2;
• Toxicity group – T2.

To check new material Fire tests are carried out to ensure compliance with these values. Accredited services are authorized to conduct fire tests. These are, for example: Kucherenko Scientific Research Institute (and the well-known expert A.V. Pestritsky), POZHAudit; Research Institute Opytnoe and others.

What is the structure of a full-scale ventilation façade sample for testing?

To conduct tests on a stove simulating part of a wall with a window opening, a full-scale sample of the structure with insulation and cladding is assembled. Everything according to the Album Technical Solutions manufacturer. They light a fire and, bringing it to certain temperature conditions, evaluate how the composite cassettes and the ventilated facade subsystem behave. Do pieces of more than a kilogram fall out? Do the pieces exceed the specified size? Does the fluidity meet the standards? Etc. In general, this technology is described in GOST. During the fire testing process, a Fire Test Report is drawn up. After the tests, based on the assessment results, the expert issues a certified Conclusion assigning a fire hazard class.

Is it always necessary to conduct full-scale fire tests?

It is important to note that sometimes experts do not need to conduct full-scale fire tests. For example, if the cladding being examined has already been “burned” with a similar subsystem of a different brand. In this case, an accredited organization authorized to conduct fire tests can issue an Expert Conclusion assigning a fire hazard class. The approach to the assessment is controversial, the issue of objectivity is debatable. Therefore, many manufacturers of subsystem installations for composite panels, and sometimes customers, insist on confirming the properties of the materials used.

How to check whether the Conclusion is an expert one or based on full-scale fire tests? Ask for a Fire Test Report. There is a protocol only for direct fire tests, nothing else is given. On the other hand, perhaps you shouldn’t be so picky about what’s provided. Expert opinion. The experience and reputation of the expert are too valuable and the risk of incompetence in the assessment is excluded.

How to check whether the delivered composite sheet to the site meets the criteria stated in the permitting documentation

During fire tests, a whole range of indicators is evaluated. Assessing all indicators together presupposes objectivity. Tests can only be carried out in accredited authorized organizations. However, some craftsmen consider it possible to conduct full-scale tests directly on site. How about this assessment method, for example: two panels of different brands are hung on steel rods, two gas burners are installed at a distance of a meter, aimed at the center of each sheet. They light the burners and see which one burns out faster...

This method does not carry any information. The key factor in fire testing is time. combustion. A certain temperature is created in the oven. There will never be such a fire load on the facade of a building as when directed by a burner from a distance of a meter. Moreover, in places of increased fire load (especially the upper slope), special protective measures are taken during installation - fire shutoffs or ducts. Accordingly, the ability to resist fire increases. Do you agree? Share your thoughts in the comments.

Facade made of aluminum composite cassettes with a pattern

Composite sheets can be assessed for compliance with the declared parameters by concluding an agreement with an accredited organization. As a rule, these are the same institutions that are authorized to issue fire certificates. To carry out such an assessment, samples are taken from a batch already delivered to the site. From different pallets. Pieces 10*10cm, from 10 to 30 pieces. Sampling is certified by the Protocol and transferred to the expert laboratory.

The expert conducts mini tests on special equipment. Checks all studied indicators. And provides the test customer with a Conclusion on compliance or deviations. All expert institutes, as a rule, are located in central Russia, but there is a furnace in Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk region, and you can order tests there too.

Automatic transmission performance characteristics

AKP - aluminum composite cassettes - light material, approximately 3-4 kg/m2. This means that it does not create additional load on the foundation of the building or the attachment point of the structure - the anchor; it can also be attached to aerated concrete and other porous concrete; There are no difficulties associated with movement during installation and transportation. For careful transportation, it has a top film layer on both sides, which is removed during installation.

The possibility of bending creates the prerequisites for wide constructive ones. Corner and radius bending allows you to beautifully design the corners of buildings and openings, as well as complex design delights.

Facade aluminum is produced in solid sheets with a width of 1220mm and 1500mm. The length can be any according to customer requirements, the limit is 8 meters.

The service life depends on the type of coating, but usually it is 25 years without loss protective properties and appearance.

Sound absorption, depending on the thickness of the cassette, is from 21 to 27 decibels.

Limitations of using composite cassettes on facades

There are many grades of aluminum composite sheets, but they must be selected according to their properties, which determine their suitability for use at sites with various structural fire hazards.

Important! A ventilated façade made of composite cassettes is prohibited for use in facilities belonging to functional fire hazard classes F 1.1. and F 4.1., according to Federal Law No. 123 “ Technical regulations on fire safety requirements."

For example, a perinatal center is a building with requirements for the use of non-combustible materials

Buildings F 1.1. – these are buildings of preschool educational organizations, specialized homes for the elderly and disabled (not apartment buildings), hospitals, dormitory buildings of educational organizations with the presence of a boarding school and children's organizations;

Buildings F 4.1. – these are buildings of general education organizations, organizations of additional education for children, professional educational organizations.

The unifying condition of these buildings is the 24-hour stay of people or minors. This decision of the fire inspection authorities was motivated by the need to reserve time for possible evacuation from the building.

On buildings F1.1 and F 4.1 it is prohibited to use any flammable materials in decoration, including facades, i.e. related to the degree of flammability G1, G2, G3, and even more so G4, which is essentially a combustible material. The conclusion for many is disappointing: use only materials belonging to the NG class - non-flammable.

Anyone belongs to no better than G1. Even a composite brought from Europe and endowed with their local classification of flammability of materials FR - i.e. non-flammable, crossing the border with Russia it becomes G1.

Let no one be confused by the huge number of 24-hour facilities related to the above classes of structural fire hazard, made using aluminum facade cassettes. Amendments to Federal Law 123 concerning the topic under discussion came into force in 2014. Previously, it was possible to use composite materials on these buildings.

In connection with the entry into force of amendments to the law, a certain “prostration” arose in the cladding of controversial buildings. After all, when, for example, a building project kindergarten underwent an examination where the façade cladding was composite, it was approved. Then it was necessary to make changes to the project, and this in turn meant holding a new tender, because the terms of the contract have changed significantly.

ACP should also not be used on the façade of a nursing home.

The market does not stand still, and where there is demand, supply will come. As an alternative to aluminum composite cassettes, simply aluminum cassettes appeared. They have a large thickness of aluminum sheet and have no interlayer at all. Which would mean that the material would be classified as flammability group NG. But no. The problem is in the painting. The fact is that if a material is painted, even if it is not initially flammable, it is immediately classified as . Good news The fact is that it seems that manufacturers have learned to bypass this small nuance. You can read more in new articles on the website.

Your opinions, gentlemen...

Let's take a closer look at the option of cladding the facade with aluminum composite and discuss it in the comments

Not everyone can read the article to the end. And, if you are still with us, then curtain facades most likely form the basis of your professional activity. We do not pretend that the judgments in the article are the ultimate truth, but still this is a summary of experience, and the information will be useful to many.

If you have any opinions while reading, please speak up. The market for ventilated facades is as young as it is dynamic. Changes happen constantly. Manufacturers are improving the quality and expanding the possibilities of using their material.

The site's editors monitor updates, and we will be grateful if you tell us about innovations.

Hinged ventilated facades are deservedly popular in Russia. This is one of the most dynamically developing areas in construction. Increasingly, NVF systems are found in projects of administrative, public, industrial and residential buildings.

The concept of “hinged ventilated facade” appeared in Germany. The structure consists of a protective and decorative coating, a sub-cladding frame and a heat-insulating layer, which are attached to load-bearing walls with an air gap between the cladding and the insulation. Thermal insulation is installed to further insulate the building.

Ventilated facades even out temperature fluctuations of external walls and reduce their deformation, which is especially undesirable in large-panel housing construction. External thermal insulation significantly increases the thermal insulation capacity of the wall mass and reduces the cost of its repair.

Due to pressure difference air gap works like a chimney. As a result, moisture that condenses under the façade covering is removed from the enclosing structure into the atmosphere. In addition, heat loss is reduced, since the air in the gap is approximately three degrees higher than the outside air.

A specially developed installation scheme for a ventilated façade absorbs thermal deformations that occur during seasonal and daily temperature changes. Internal stresses in the supporting structure and facing material are reduced, which can destroy them.

Ventilated façade.

Ventilated facades made of composite materials

Nowadays, ventilated composite facades are extremely popular. They consist of aluminum composite sandwich panels used for external cladding buildings using ventilation façade technology.

Data recent years indicate that among all ventilated facades erected in the world, the share of composites is approximately 50%. Composite facades are increasingly being made in the residential sector, on industrial and public buildings, including unique architectural objects. With the advent of aluminum composite panels, a new architectural style was actually formed.

Composite panels have been developed in German companies Alusuisse and BASF in 1968. A year later, the first composite material of the Alucobond brand appeared on construction sites in Germany, which conquered the European market in the 80s. construction market. Simultaneously with the technology of ventilated facades, composite panels came to Russia in the mid-90s. We introduced our own composite panels (ALCOTEK) in 2005. Today composite panels domestic production They are produced at 15 factories by several companies.

Composite panels.

Composition of composite panels

Aluminum Composite Panel (ACP) is a structure consisting of two sheets aluminum alloy, between which a non-flammable mineral or plastic layer (polymer alloy) is pressed. The thickness of aluminum sheets is from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, and the total thickness of the plate is 2 – 6 mm. The polymer layer pressed between the plates can be a mixture of aluminum hydroxide and resin or polyethylene low pressure. In the first case, the fire resistance of the panels is high, in the second - low.

Aluminum sheets are coated. The side facing the inside of the building is coated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the outside is coated with a special protective coating made of PVDF or polyester.

Polyester is considered an inexpensive coating, has glossy surface and is suitable for any climate. Consists mainly of polyester paint, which has good color fastness. The material has high level flexibility, which allows the product to be made of any shape.

PVDF is a coating with a glossy surface, which contains polyvinylidene fluoride (70%) and acrylic (30%). The material has increased resistance to fading and harmful effects aggressive environment. It has properties such as self-washing and high mechanical resistance. It is considered the most durable coating and practically does not fade. PVDF is better tolerated negative impact sea ​​salt, has a minimum bend radius.

Chemical-mechanical connection of composites aluminum panels makes them a virtually homogeneous material, and special coatings reliably protect against abrasive wear, corrosion and acidic environment. The panels are resistant to shock, various mechanical damage, and external pressure.

Aluminum composite panels.

Automatic transmission manufacturing technology

Aluminum composite panels are produced in a continuous strip, which allows, at the request of the customer, to produce panels of various lengths.

The automatic transmission manufacturing technology can be divided into several stages. First they do chemical cleaning the surfaces of aluminum rolls and apply a paint and varnish coating to them using the continuous painting method. The composite panel is then continuously laminated. The process is extrusion mineral filler and its connection at high temperature and using special technology with aluminum sheets.

At the final stage, cassettes are milled from ACP sheets, from which the ventilated facade will subsequently be installed on the prepared substructure. AKP sheets are made different sizes. A sheet measuring 1220 x 2440 mm is considered standard.

Structure of composite panels.

Advantages and disadvantages of aluminum composite panels

Automatic transmission panels are the main facing material in ventilated facade systems. Using milling and bending, they are used to make cassettes that are hung on the facade substructure. The material whole line benefits. Among the positive aspects of using composites on ventilated facades are the following:

• Ease. Depending on the thickness of the composite used, the weight of one square meter. meters can be 3 – 8 kg. With the same rigidity, the panel is 3.4 times lighter than a steel sheet, and 1.6 times lighter than a solid aluminum alloy sheet.
• Strength and rigidity. Due to these qualities, composites are made for curtain facades cassettes of large dimensions, which allows mounting large areas for a minimum period.
• Flexibility. A flat sheet of aluminum composite can be easily transformed. It can be used to create any curved shape; you can make rounded or sharp corners.
• Increased sound insulation. Composite panels, as opposed to solid metal sheets, significantly improve the sound insulation of a building.
• Ease of processing. The composite allows you to form the most complex geometric structures directly on site. The panels can be easily bent, drilled, cut and milled, which makes it possible to create unusual architectural forms.
• Resistant to UV radiation and aggressive environments.
• Anti-corrosion. High-quality anti-corrosion coatings on AKP panels increase the maintenance-free service life of ventilated composite facades by decades.
• Various colors. Various options panel painting allows different elements design the façade architecture individually.
• Resistant to stains. The panels are covered with PVDF and polyester material. This guarantees the preservation of the color of the facade under the influence of sulfur compounds, salt suspensions, and atmospheric dust. It will not fade from exposure to sunlight. Plain water will easily clean the façade of aggressive deposits and settled dust.
• Durability. The warranty for ventilated facades with automatic transmission panels is 25 years, but practice shows that high-quality ventilated facades made of composite can easily overcome their 50-year service life without major repairs.

Flaws:

• Fire safety. Automatic transmission panels are difficult to distinguish external signs, which unscrupulous sellers and contractors of construction projects take advantage of. Trying to save money, they offer and use cheaper fireproof panels, which can lead to tragedy. Combustible panels should be used in the construction of buildings up to 10 meters high, which is often ignored.
• The thermal expansion coefficients of aluminum and the internal polymer layer differ from each other, therefore, with low-quality ACP, due to the low adhesion of the core to aluminum, bubbles may form on the facade elements or complete delamination of the panels.
• Low maintainability. If composite panels are damaged, it is extremely difficult to repair them, and when replacing cassettes, it is necessary to change adjacent ones.
• High price. One sq. a meter of a turnkey ventilated façade made from a composite of flammability group G4 (a highly flammable material) costs from 3,800 rubles, while a square ventilated façade made of porcelain stoneware can cost 3,200 rubles.

From the above, it becomes clear that the advantages of ventilated composite facades clearly outweigh its individual disadvantages, especially since they are determined mainly by human factors.

Installation hinged ventilated facades from composite.

Features of installation of ventilation facades made of composite

Today, aluminum composite panels are presented on the market by many foreign and domestic producers such as ALUCOBOND (Germany), REYNOBOND (France), ALPOLIC (Japan), GOLDSTAR and ALUCOBEST (China), as well as domestic brands ALCOTEK, ALUCOM, KRASPAN, etc. When installing them, we use bearing structures made of aluminum alloy, stainless and galvanized steel. Most of these systems are certified, have similar characteristics, and are adapted for mounting automatic transmission cassettes.

Facade design for cladding with composite panels.

Aluminum composite panels have a variety of options. They are used to line columns and make external ones with different cuts. dropped ceilings, make decorative cornices different forms, capitals, belts, etc. The low weight of the composite allows any fresh idea of ​​the designer to be brought to life.

The technology for installing ventilated composite facades is as follows:

• The façade is marked from top to bottom using a laser, measuring sticks and a tape measure;
• They install brackets consisting of a fixed load-bearing part and an adjustable counter part. A dowel with a heat-insulating gasket is inserted into the groove of the bracket, placed in a hole drilled in the wall and secured;
• Install thermal insulation by attaching insulation boards to the wall and protective film special dowels;
• Self-tapping screws and rivets are used to install the load-bearing guides of the substructure of the ventilated facade;
• Prepared composite panels are attached to the frame.

Aluminum composite panels on entrance canopy office building.

There are several ways to attach automatic transmission panels:

1. Hidden fastening with pre-fabricated cassettes. Although the method is the most common, even good optimization of cutting produces up to 40% waste. This is due to the mismatch in the direction of painting on the finished cassettes, which is clearly visible during installation;
2. Open fastening of both individual automatic transmission sheets and cassettes. The disadvantage of this method is that up to a height of 10 - 12 m, rivets or clamping strips for attaching panels to the ventilation facade subsystem are visible. Advantages - savings on cutting material and the use of large-sized composite elements;
3. Hidden fastening with a special adhesive. The method was not widely used due to fire restrictions. Other disadvantages are the high price and lack of certification.

A palette of colors for any design solutions.

The advantage of composite materials is the ability to process them not only in the factory, but also on site. Automatic transmission panels can be processed in a variety of ways:

• do flaring, obtaining a different or identical bend radius of the sheet;
• you can mill or drill sheets of automatic transmission, cut out different shapes, which is often used in outdoor advertising;
• panels bend at any angle with a perfectly straight bend line;
• panels with any degree of processing fit perfectly together.

Conclusion

Cladding ventilated facades with composite creates a stylish and unique appearance. Light weight, ease of processing, increased flexibility, variety and vibrancy of colors of composite materials allow architects to create bright and unusual projects that make you happy appearance and attract attention.

The installation of ventilation facades made of composites is simplified by the fact that AKP panels can be installed on walls made of any material without them. preliminary preparation, which significantly saves money. Ventilated composite facades together with insulation make it possible to achieve significant energy savings without additional costs for strengthening load-bearing walls and foundations.

The positive qualities of ventilated facades using composites make them extremely popular both during the reconstruction of old buildings and the construction of new structures.

Video: “Installation of composite panels”

Architecture defines an era. Fashion comes and goes. But some trends remain for a long time as a successful mixture of aesthetics, functionality and technology. For modern buildings, especially commercial ones, ventilated facades have become almost an integral feature. As for new construction, and for reconstruction it is now difficult to find an alternative to composite panels for facades.

Features of ventilated facades

Curtain facades are decorative walls , which protect the building from bad weather and exposure to sunlight. Since they do not carry structural loads, they can be made from lightweight materials. In this regard, a decorative composite facade is an ideal solution.

Panels on a building can serve not only for decoration, but also be used as a component of a multifunctional screen for walls - a ventilated facade. The essence of the technology is to provide space for natural convective circulation air between the building and the decorative shield. This allows moisture to ventilate and keep the insulation and walls dry.

To ensure the required ventilation gap, decorative cladding often mounted with a significant offset. In this case, the requirements for the weight of the shield can be very stringent - due to the large lever, they increase element loads fasteners, which can seriously affect the cost of the latter.

This is especially true for northern countries, where the thickness of the external insulation together with the ventilation gap is usually several tens of centimeters. The weight of façade composite panels is small compared to steel, porcelain stoneware, natural stone, fiber cement and many other materials, which allows them to be used for mounted systems practically without restrictions.

Aluminum composite panels

Used in construction laminate, the outer surfaces of which are sheets of aluminum soldered together with a layer of polymer. The composite is produced under various trade names and comes in a variety of thicknesses and formats. Typical dimensions for sheets are 1000 mm, 1250 mm, 1500 mm and 2500 mm. Typical thicknesses are 3 mm, 4 mm or 6 mm for the entire “sandwich” and 0.2-0.6 mm for aluminum layers. Sheets intended for interior applications are usually thinner and may contain flammable polymers. Facade composites have a filling that meets the most stringent fire standards.

Combining aluminum sheets into a “sandwich” adds a lot useful qualities material in comparison with solid rolled products. First of all, this is a reduction in price by reducing the consumption of non-ferrous metal and replacing it with synthetic filling. The latter also helps to create an ideal plane for the sheets. In addition, the heterogeneity of the “pie” makes it possible to exclude the phenomenon of acoustic resonance in the material - this property makes the composite an attractive material for the manufacture of exterior finishing elements.

Advantages of aluminum composite panels:

• Plasticity and architectural expressiveness. Aluminum composite can be formed cassettes of various geometries: from standard rectangles to complex curved surfaces. The material is produced in a wide range of coatings of any color and texture.
• Strength and weight. In this respect, composite sheets are similar to rolled aluminum products - they are quite light and rigid for use as cladding.
• Low cost of maintenance. Resistant to atmospheric influences coatings make aluminum surfaces undemanding to use.
• Suitability for recycling. Aluminum is 100% recyclable and does not lose its quality after being melted down. Disposal other components sandwich production has also long been mastered by relevant enterprises.
• Non-structural benefits. They have good heat-shielding and sound-absorbing properties, which makes them attractive for use in industrial and civil construction.

Cassette manufacturing technology

From the point of view of manufacturability, the main advantage of the composite in comparison with solid material is a wide range of possibilities for processing sheets - methods of cutting, rolling, bending and molding, which are not typical for solid material. Some of these methods allow you to make quality bends by hand directly on construction site, which makes it possible to transport panels in flat pieces.

Basic technological operations when making cassettes:

• Cutting and milling. Can be carried out both on CNC machines and hand tools. By milling grooves, the edges of the future bend are defined or the ends are prepared for rolling. The geometry of the cutters determines the bending angle. After milling the grooves, the cut flat sheet can be formed into a volumetric cassette manually.
• Rolling. Performed on shafts to obtain cylindrical shapes. Allowable radii of curvature are specified by composite manufacturers for each material separately.
• Connecting cassette elements. The most popular method is a riveted connection using pre-drilled holes. If necessary, sealing is ensured with special tapes and mastics.

Installation of a composite facade

The supporting structure for curtain facades is a system of brackets and guides complete with necessary fasteners. The frame elements offered on the market by various manufacturers are not standardized. For budget construction(mainly for low-rise buildings) simple galvanized sheathing is used. Special subsystems made of aluminum are considered the best - this design load-bearing elements reliable and durable, lightens the frame, eliminates rusty streaks on the cladding, simplifies and speeds up façade work.

The installation of composite panels after leveling the frame itself is technologically simple. Finished and assembled cassettes are secured either hidden installation on the subsystem slide, or with visible hardware to the guides. At correct assembly the entire structure composite facade neither thermal deformation nor wind loads threaten.

Ventilated facades are one of the most functional and aesthetic solutions in modern construction. Most likely, aluminum composite panels will be favorites in exterior decoration for many decades to come. An hour's walk around any big city will confirm this assumption. Nowadays, the use of hanging systems is growing every year along with new infrastructure projects and the population’s need for residential and commercial buildings.