The space between the ceiling and the roof in private houses is occupied by the attic. It is used by the owners to store things and provides the opportunity to carry out inspections and repairs. inside roofing pie. A folding ladder installed to get into the attic can be made by yourself. Portable structures such as stepladders are not always convenient and reliable. Stationary option, which can be easily pulled out when necessary, and is folded most of the time, will become optimal model for a small space.

1. At installation location:
   • external - mounted outside the building, the disadvantage is the need to leave the premises in any weather;
   • internal - located in the house.
2. By design:
   • monolithic - screw or marching;
   • portable – attachments, stepladders;
   • folding - sliding, folding, scissor, folding.

Monolithic structures ensure complete safety of climbing into the attic. But they take up useful space in the room. Portable models are convenient as a temporary option, but they are not suitable for permanent use due to the increased risk of injury. Optimal choice It is considered a folding staircase that takes up minimal space. This design is often mounted on a hatch; it is compact in size, and making it yourself will save money.

Features of folding structures

Transforming models have several design options from which you can choose the one that suits your home. When designing a product, you should take into account not only the dimensions, but also the design features. The minimum number of sections of a folding ladder should be 3 pieces. A model consisting of 2 parts will require a significant increase in the size of the attic hatch. The folding ladder is lowered manually, using a weight for weighting, or automatically, using an electric drive.

Types of folding attic stairs

Telescopic model consists of parts that slide into each other. The material for it is aluminum, which is lightweight, durable, and corrosion resistant. It is compact, functional, and will last a long time, but it is difficult to make such a product with your own hands. The option of mounting on a hatch of a finished design is possible.

Scissor model made from metal parts. It folds like an accordion. Robust design with convenient steps, it has one drawback - over time, creaking appears at the joints. The problem can be prevented by timely lubrication of the mounting points.

The scissor ladder is reliable and has a beautiful appearance

Folding ladder will not take up a single extra centimeter. It is difficult to design and install. Its steps are attached to the bowstring with card loops, and in the folded position the folding model is fixed on the wall.

Retractable ladder the attic consists of several sections, top part is firmly attached to the hatch, it is equal to the size of the cover. The remaining sections are connected with special fittings and hinges. When unfolded, they form an even flight of stairs. It is not difficult to bring the product into working position due to its mobility. The difference between telescopic and sliding models in the way the sections slide. In the first case, they are placed one inside the other, and in the second, they move using rollers from the outside along guides.

The structure for climbing into the attic should be installed in a place where it will not create interference, usually a hall or corridor. Sliding and folding stairs can be adjusted to standard dimensions, which are designed taking into account safety requirements:

• the angle of inclination of the structure is 65-75 degrees, higher value will make use unsafe, and less will require a lot of space for placement;
• the optimal width of the stairs is 65 cm;
• recommended number of steps – 13-15 pieces;
• the length of the structure should be about 3.5 m; as it increases, it loses rigidity and strength, and the processes of lowering and lifting become more complicated;
• convenient distance between steps for movement – ​​19.3 cm;
• a DIY staircase is designed for a load of up to 150 kg;
• the safe thickness of the steps is 1.8-2.2 cm;
• horizontal crossbars are mounted parallel to the floor; for safety, they are supplemented with anti-slip pads.

The attic hatch also has standard dimensions, its parameters are 120x70cm, they provide unobstructed passage and minimal heat loss.

Materials for production

The materials from which the stairs are made with your own hands are subject to strength and weight requirements. Due to rapid wear, the design for frequent use is not made of wood. Metal – best option for such a product, it will ensure safe and durable operation.

Reduce total weight a ladder attached to the hatch will allow a combination of materials. Steps are made from lighter wood. Bars of hardwood about 2 cm thick are used. To connect the products, a metal or plastic fittings, the latter reduces friction of parts. In the folded position, the structure is attached to the hatch, which prevents spontaneous falling out.

Manufacturing technology of a simple folding design

If the hatch is located near the edge of the ceiling, then to climb it you can install a folding ladder of two sections with your own hands, which will rest on the wall. The basis for the design can be ready product, it will take about two hours to transform it.

Simple folding ladder which is easy to do with your own hands

Tools for work:

• screwdriver;
• roulette;
• hacksaw.

Materials:

• wooden blocks measuring 2x3 cm;
• card loops;
• self-tapping screws;
• hook and loop.

1. Take two bars equal to the width of the stairs. One is attached with hinges to the top edge, and the second is firmly fixed at the bottom, ensuring the stability of the unfolded structure.
2. The ladder used is divided into two parts - one of them is 2/3 of the length, and the second is 1/3. A neat cut of the bowstring is made along the intended line.
3. Metal hinges screwed to connect the sections. Pay attention to how the fittings are positioned. It should ensure that the lower part of the ladder folds under the upper one.
4. A block is fixed to the wall under the attic opening, to which the folding structure is attached.
5. To securely fix it in the folded position, a loop is screwed in near the cut point, and a hook is installed on the wall in the appropriate place.

The advantage of such a product is the ease of doing it yourself, but the disadvantage is its open location.

Making a hatch

If a folding staircase is placed on the cover of the opening, it is not visible from the room and will not become a hindrance in the interior. Simple drawings will help you determine the size of the hatch and the product. Having measured the sides of the passage into the attic, they begin to assemble the hatch with their own hands.

It is necessary to prepare the following materials:

• bars with a section of 50x50m;
• plywood sheet 10 mm;
• PVA glue;
• fasteners;
• door latch with handle.

Two parts are cut from the block equal to length opening and two similar to its width (120x70 cm). Each edge of the block is cut to half the width. These areas are smeared with PVA glue and glued together into a rectangle. To maintain the exact diagonal, right-angled triangles of plywood, called gussets, are attached to the frame. After the glue has dried, the bars are additionally connected with self-tapping screws, and the scarves are removed. A prepared sheet of plywood is screwed to the workpiece. The design will be fitted to the opening. To keep the hatch in the closed position, a door latch is cut into it. The fittings have a convenient handle with which the hatch will be opened.

Assembling the opening mechanism

Making a hatch opening mechanism with your own hands is a rather complex process; to make the task easier, you just need to purchase a finished product in a store.

Those who decide to assemble the entire structure themselves must prepare metal corner, two strips and a sheet of metal.

In order not to make a mistake with the size of the hinges, they are initially cut out of cardboard. After fitting, they move on to working with metal.

1. The places for fastening according to the template are marked on the metal strip.
2. Holes are drilled for a bolt with a diameter of 10.
3. The parts are assembled and bolted. Using a small tool, the selected angle of fixation of the ladder is measured, and then the parts are moved apart to the required value.
4. The area on the metal is marked which, when lowered, is covered with a corner. This area is cut off. Having removed the excess, the parts are processed to give an aesthetic appearance.
5. The second mechanism must be identical to the one already manufactured. To ensure exact alignment of the holes, the parts are connected with a clamp and drilled.
6. Having inserted bolts into the second mechanism, it is aligned according to the sample, cutting off excess metal.
7. Ready-made opening mechanisms are installed on the hatch yourself . They will create a stop, fixing the folding structure at the desired angle.

The installation of a second hinge mechanism supporting the hatch in the middle will ensure uniform distribution of the load. You will need: two metal strips 2 cm wide, a corner and a piece of metal. The corner serves as a support for the mechanism when opening. A piece of metal is welded to one part, into which the second part rests. When the hatch is lowered, the hinge will move apart, taking part of the weight of the structure.

Wooden stairs, we do it ourselves

The easiest way is to make a structure from wood, the material will be a 2.5x10 cm board. The product consists of three sections, the first two are equal in length to the hatch, and the size of the last is the distance remaining to the floor.

The lengths of the sections are marked on the two boards used to make the bowstring. The marks should mirror each other, so before work the workpieces are connected with tape. Holes for hinges are drilled in the designated places, after which the boards are sawn. To make it attractive, all wooden parts are sanded and coated with two layers of varnish. Metal hinges are coated with primer and paint before installation.

For fastening the steps, holes 5 mm deep are cut from the inside of the bowstring. PVA glue is applied to them, and then fixed with self-tapping screws. Next stage– connecting three sections into a common structure using hinges. After checking the possibility of bending the parts, the ladder is secured to the hatch. The upper section of the product is fixed to it with anchors. The folding staircase to the attic is ready.

In contact with

What is an attic? It is known that in our area the attic can become anything - a warehouse, a workshop or a living room.

It all depends on the capabilities of the room and your imagination, but one thing is certain - the attic space needs to be used. How to equip the entrance to the attic with your own hands?

Arrangement of the entrance to the attic

If you intend to equip functional room in the attic you need to think about choosing a place for the attic ladder. The attic staircase requires the presence of a hatch - a ceiling door.

It is most reasonable to equip a hatch with a ladder in the corridor, hallway or passage room. In many houses there are rooms that are not used as living rooms, where you can easily install a staircase to the attic.

In the old days, the entrance to the attic was arranged from the outside, but the prospect of climbing into such an attic on a frosty or rainy day would not please anyone.

The most extreme loft lifting mechanism would be several stools stacked together. But speaking in detail, to get there in a civilized manner you need a good attic ladder. She may be both stationary and folding, the latter are in great demand.

Folding options are compactly stacked on top after use, saving a lot of usable space. A beautifully decorated hatch can become a fresh element of the interior.

Manufacturers offer wooden options for small loads (up to 150 kg) and metal for more serious loads. Prices for such stairs vary from 7,000 rubles to the limit of the consumer's wallet. When choosing the cheapest option, you shouldn’t count on its quality, so isn’t it better to make a folding attic ladder with your own hands?

Let's look at some possible options for homemade stairs, the simplest for a beginner and more difficult for those who are confident in their abilities. At your service is a description of materials, work and drawings of the proposed stairs.

A simple two-piece DIY staircase

This is the staircase that consists of two sections, one of which folds up. IN assembled version the staircase is not hidden at the top, but remains in plain sight.

This may not be critical if the attic is in a workroom, garage, etc. Even in a hallway it may look quite appropriate, it all depends on the style of your home.

This staircase can be made in a few hours, you just need to prepare the necessary materials:

1. Wood saw.
2. Measuring instruments(roulette).
3. Regular wooden staircase.
4. Card loops, the width of which is equal to the width of the stringer - 4 pcs.
5. Four bars 2–3 cm thick: two as long as the width of the hatch and two 20 cm longer.
6. Self-tapping screws, anchors, loop and hook.

Kosour is load-bearing beam stairs on which steps are laid.

There is no need to tell anyone how to make a ladder, but we will only note that its length should be approximately 30 cm greater than the distance from the floor to the hatch.

We take short bars:

• We connect the first block to the upper end of the stairs using loops.
• We securely fasten the second block to the bottom using a rigid method.

To make the structure more reliable, you need to take two slats and nail them with reverse side march obliquely. Just try to do this in such a way that the design did not interfere with movement on the stairs.

Measure exactly 2/3 of the entire length of the ladder from the bottom and cut it in this place. Next, connect these parts with card loops. The hinges are attached to the back of the ladder so that it can fold properly.

Secure the top bar directly under the hatch. The hook and loop is needed to ensure that the ladder does not open randomly. The hook is attached to the wall, and the loop is on the bottom bar.

The first attic staircase is simple, but it has the disadvantage of a visible staircase. There are other models shown in the photo - these are retractable, folding and telescopic.

Attic staircase designs

DIY folding ladder on hinges

This is a folding attic ladder with a hatch, consisting of three sections, as well as an attic hatch. This option is very attractive for literally any room.

You will need to determine what the opening for the hatch will be, taking into account wishes and dimensions prospective visitors to the attic. For example, the opening for the stairs will be 125 x 70 cm.

In order to cut the hatch correctly, you need to add 7 mm on each side. Hatches for stairs to the attic should close well without compromising the thermal insulation.

Necessary materials:

• bars 5 x 5 cm – 2 short and 2 long;
• plywood 1 cm thick according to the size of the hatch.

At the ends of each block you need to make a cut to half the thickness, connecting glue and screws into a perfect rectangle. Using the means at hand, to prevent the diagonal from moving out, you can attach temporary triangles from thin plywood. Then we screw a sheet of plywood to the size of the rectangle.

Instead of locks we use door latch, any door handle or a cylinder of suitable shape. The latch holds the hatch closed well and opens easily. To conveniently open the hatch without using stepladders and stools, this handle needs to be specially made. You need to insert a long cylindrical handle into a special hole to open the hatch while standing on the floor.

Making hinges for opening the hatch

All components for the hatch opening mechanism can be purchased ready-made, or you can also make it yourself.

In order to do everything yourself, you need estimate dimensions and angles using a cardboard mockup. We make parts from cardboard; you can practice on them with the length of the hinges so that the hatch can open to the required angle. Based on the resulting model, we make a mechanism for opening the hatch.

The main thing is through experience determine the length of the hinges, since this type of attic ladder involves a hinged method. In the drawings you can see how the hinge is installed; the logic of its operation is very simple - it helps to smoothly open and close the hatch.

Necessary materials that can be found in every garage:

1. Metal corner – 2 pcs.
2. Sheet metal.
3. Metal strips 2 cm wide – 4 pcs.

We take two narrow metal strips and use a drill to make holes for an M10 bolt. We assemble the parts together in pairs, slightly pulling them together. Using the measuring carpenter's tool Malka, measure the opening angle of the hatch and we move our mechanisms exactly to this angle.

Using a jigsaw, cut out the part of the metal that will overlap with the corner. We remove the excess length of the metal strips and round the ends. After processing and removing excess metal, we assemble the mechanism - now the corner will lock in a certain position. Both mechanisms for two sides exact copies each other, but only mirrored.

Attic ladder fixation mechanism

The hinge mechanism is reliable, stopping the hatch with the ladder in the desired position thanks to the angle.

But for more reliability and smoothness To open the opening mechanism, you need to add another simple mechanism, similar to a hand.

For the “hand” you will need:

• Long strips of metal, 2 cm wide – 4 pcs.
• Corner - 2 pcs.

At the end of one of the strips you need to weld a metal part on which this strip will rest, and the corner will play role support element . We make simple hinges that, when the hatch is open, will maintain the bending angle, while supporting part of the weight of the structure.

In order for the load to be distributed evenly between two different hinges, this unit must be secured correctly. Yes, him needs to be fixed with the first hinges fully deployed.

Installation of attic stairs

All that remains is to make the attic ladder itself; it should be 35 cm longer than the distance from the floor to the hatch.

The folding ladder will consist of three sections, the length of which it is important to calculate correctly. The first section is equal to the size of the hatch, the second section is slightly shorter than the first (it should not touch the ceiling when unfolded). The third section is equal to the remaining segment.

Materials for the stairs:

• Inch board 10 cm wide.

Hatch angle open position, which we previously measured with a small spoon, we transfer it to the board. That's how we mark the slope for the steps.

Let's start marking the string boards for the steps along the lengths of the sections according to the order described above. The boards must be pressed tightly, secured with masking tape and marked equally, making the steps incline in mirror image.

The sections will be fastened again with hinges, so you need drill a hole for the hinge bolt on each section using a 25-point pen. Using a router we give all the edges a finished, neat look. We cut the boards exactly according to the sectional markings.

Need steps cut to width and sand, like bowstrings. At the places where the steps are marked, you need to make 5 mm recesses for them. We assemble all the parts using glue and PSh screws.

Hinges for folding stairs

To assemble the structure into a folding mechanism, you need to make a set of hinges.

Necessary materials:

1. Metal strips 2.5 cm wide – 8 pcs.
2. Bolts for the hinge 8 mm and self-tapping screws.

In order for the loops to serve and not bend, four strips need additionally weld the segments the same metal (about 1/3). We make holes in each strip - 2 small ones for fastening to the bowstring (one at the bottom and one under the finished piece), and one large 8 mm for the hinge (at the top).

The hinges need to be secured when the ladder itself is lying on flat surface. The hinge must be secured so that the hinge bolt lay down in the previously drilled hole, and the ends were along the edge of the bowstring. So secure all four loops.

Installation of stairs

We collect all the elements and install them in their places, and the first segment of the ladder is stationary and is needed attach with corners to the hatch cover.

We check the operation of the mechanism, if everything suits you, then we disassemble it again for processing. We varnish the wood metal primed and painted.

As you can see, there is nothing difficult in creating an attic staircase with your own hands, especially when photos of drawings are available on the Internet. You can make all the metal parts yourself, or it’s even easier to buy them ready-made. Then it’s a complete pleasure – all that remains is to assemble this construction set.

Many owners of private houses use an extension or stationary ladder installed outdoors. Of course, for safety reasons, such a ladder is completely justified and will never become superfluous. However, for use in winter period, and especially in cases where there is a utility room or even a full-fledged living space in the attic, it will be much more convenient to provide the possibility of entry directly from the house.

But it often happens that stationary design the internal staircase requires a very significant area, and therefore cannot be implemented in practice in conditions small house. And even if there is enough space, it hardly makes sense to “waste” it if the attic is not used constantly, but only from time to time. What to do? But there is a way out - this is a “transformer” structure, which is removed when not needed into the attic floor. So, the topic of this publication: do-it-yourself folding staircase to the attic - most optimal option for both large and small private houses.

General information about folding stairs to the attic

What do they say about the advantages and disadvantages of such structures?

Folding ladders, if their design is thought out, are safe and easy to use, are very convenient. However, they also have their own disadvantages, which you also need to know in advance when starting similar reconstruction of one of the rooms of the house.

So to advantages of folding staircase design include following points, which will greatly facilitate the operation of the attic space:

• Ability to safely enter the attic at any time, regardless of the season or current weather conditions.
• The compactness and ease of use of a high-quality design allows all residents of the house to cope with unfolding and folding the stairs, since no great physical effort is expected.
• The folded structure does not take up any useful space either in the living room or in the attic. If there is no need, the ladder is most often retracted into the opening of the attic floor, saving free space.
• A hatch in the ceiling, which is necessary to accommodate the staircase structure, when high-quality finishing from below does not spoil the appearance of the ceiling surface at all.
• When purchasing a ready-made structure, it is quite possible to choose a model with an electric drive. This is, of course, extremely convenient, since if necessary, you won’t have to make any effort to put the ladder into working condition or remove it. However, to install this staircase option, you will have to invite a specialist. And such kits cost quite a lot.

The disadvantages of installing this structure in the attic floor include the following:

• Be that as it may, folding stairs, unlike, do not always meet the criteria for maximum convenience in terms of the steepness of the climb, the number and size of steps.
• Based on the first point, the second suggests itself - ascent and descent along such staircase structures still requires care and special precautions. This will be especially true for children, older people or those with some physical limitations.
• No matter how tightly the hatch fits into the opening cut out for the stairs, it will still deprive the ceiling of its tightness. Therefore, in order to prevent cold air from above from entering the living rooms (or, conversely, hot air during the summer heat), the attic room will have to be insulated. This, of course, leads to additional costs. True, we can look at this problem from a different angle. If it is planned to arrange a utility or residential space in the attic, then, one way or another, it is necessary to carry out thermal insulation work on the roof slopes and install flooring with

Criteria that a folding ladder must meet

In order for a ladder to be used for a long time and be safe for its owners, it must meet certain criteria, regardless of its design and material of manufacture.

Prices for folding stairs

folding ladder

These product qualities include:

• The strength of the manufacturing material, all fasteners and connecting nodes.
• Lightweight design in terms of weight. This is important not only for the ease of use of the ladder, but also to ensure that when folded it does not put excessive additional load on the attic floor.
• Ease of operation - any adult family member should be able to handle the process of putting the ladder into combat readiness and folding it.
• Hinged or other components and devices that fold the ladder should function easily, without even minimal difficulties.
• If the staircase will be used constantly, due to the fact that a frequently used room is supposed to be located in the attic, then it is better to make the product yourself or order it from a good craftsman in order to be confident in its reliability, and therefore in your personal safety.

Why is it better to make the stairs yourself?

Today on construction market a considerable number of models are presented different manufacturers. They are, as a rule, quite convenient to use, but if they are not used very intensively. If the ladder will be unfolded and folded several times a day, then a more durable mechanism will be required, since the offered products may not withstand such intensive use due to the fact that each of them is designed for a certain “motor resource”.

Ready-made stairs are almost always available small angle slope relative to the vertical. That is, the manufacturer makes them too steep, so it’s inconvenient to climb up and down them, especially while holding a certain load in one hand and securing yourself with the other. The reasons, as you can see, are very significant, and that is why many home owners prefer not to buy ready-made kits, but to install them themselves according to their own drawings, calculating them for their own weight and equipping them with durable mechanisms.

Main types of folding stairs to the attic

Before purchasing or making a folding ladder, you need to decide on its design, since there are several of them. So, the following types of stairs have been developed and manufactured on an industrial scale and independently: retractable, folding spring, telescopic, folding with a simplified design, simple folding compact stairs.

Retractable or sliding ladder

The retractable staircase structure can consist of two or three sections, depending on the height of the attic floor.

• First option

The upper section of the structure is fixed using a metal flange to a transverse board that forms the box of the opening being installed in attic floor. Each section, when folding the ladder, slides into the part located above, as if on a rail. The assembled sections of the stairs are transferred to a horizontal position and laid on the floors of the attic. The hatch in this design can be attached to the highest and shortest section, and in this case, when the hatch is closed, the entire staircase will be hidden. The hatch can also be closed separately, that is, first a ladder is sent to the attic, and then the hatch is closed.

1 - Attic floor beam.

2 - Screw flange.

3 - Retractable ladder sections.

4 - Rotary mechanism.

This illustration shows the working principle retractable ladder. However, it is quite obvious that it can only be suitable if the attic is not used as a living space and is visited quite rarely, and not constantly.

• Second option

Another option sliding stairs, consisting of two sections - a short one, attached to the hatch cover, and a long one, which, after unfolding, will rest against the surface of the floor of the room.. This option is also suitable for an attic used as a utility room. So, if you need to get into the attic, the hatch opens, and the ladder goes down with it. Then, its lower part is pulled out from the folded structure until it touches the floor.

When unfolding the ladder, space for access to the attic is freed up. In ready-made, factory-made sliding or folding stairs The hatch is equipped with its own thermal insulation. And along the contour of the opening, a seal is installed so that warm air from the room does not escape through the gaps around the ceiling hatch. One should not forget about similar methods of minimizing heat losses when making a staircase yourself.

Folding ladder

A folding staircase differs from a sliding staircase in that its sections do not slide into each other, but fold together. This is ensured by special hinge mechanisms installed in the span connection points. The structure is folded according to the accordion principle. Top section fixed on the hatch panel, onhim Folding handrails are also installed, which make it easier to climb to the top floor or attic.

The advantage of this design is that it does not take up more space than the opening in the ceiling, since it is completely hidden in a special box, which frames the opening hatch. Therefore, when going up to the attic, the ladder can be raised so that it is not in the way on the lower floor, and in order to avoid accidentally stepping on the hatch while at the top, you can provide an upper strong hatch or a fencing for the opening.

Prices for stairs

ladder

The diagram above shows a finished design, one of those offered in specialized stores. However, focusing on it, it is quite possible to make a ladder yourself. How to do this will be discussed in detail in the instruction table below.

The diagram shows a box framing the opening. It is equipped with elastic rubber gasket, thanks to which the hatch will be pressed tightly, without gaps, to the inner walls of the box.

The hatch of the design shown is made of chipboard, but when making a similar ladder yourself, it is quite possible to replace it with boards and assemble a shield from them. For this purpose, it is recommended to choose light, porous wood, such as linden or pine.

The wooden steps are equipped with an anti-slip coating. When making your own stairs, you can use a router to cut out recesses on the steps, in the form of two or three grooves running along the entire length of their surface.

The steps are fixed in the side posts of the staircase sections using the connection " dovetail", which is more reliable than straight spikes.

Metal scissor ladders

Another option for a folding structure is the so-called scissor ladder, which is made of metal. As a rule, aluminum is used for this purpose due to its light weight. The design has proven itself quite well, especially for those cases where the attic has to be visited quite often.

The advantages of this type of stairs include its versatility. This means that the modules that form the steps can be stretched “to their fullest” if the room high ceiling, or compressed to a certain level, of course. The main thing is that the bottom step rests on the floor. Thus, the staircase is designed for a certain, and quite considerable, range of ceiling heights.

When folded, such a staircase is quite compact and does not extend beyond the boundaries of the box intended for it, installed in the thickness of the attic floor.

The disadvantage of this scissor design is that it requires some effort to install and fold it. This may pose a problem for some home occupants who do not have the required physical capabilities.

It is quite difficult to make such a staircase yourself, since it requires precise adjustment of metal parts, and the structure itself is replete with hinged joints. Yes, this is not profitable, since the material for self-made It will probably cost no less than the cost of the finished product.

Stairs to the attic – simple design, which you can easily create yourself. It can be solid - made of wood or metal, or it can have a light and convenient folding shape. What options are suitable for your attic and how to make and install an attic ladder with a hatch with your own hands, read our material.

Stepladders for the attic? It's in the past!

The exit to the attic is almost always located in one of living rooms top floor of the house. Therefore, you have to either sacrifice space and spoil the interior, or use a portable stepladder. The last option is not only troublesome, but also quite risky, since unstable steps can break off, and in order to hold the stepladder itself, you often need to invite family members to help.

We suggest you make a choice in favor of a more reliable option - designing and implementing a new modern attic staircase. Types and recommendations for creating a good-quality staircase to the attic with your own hands, which we give below, will help you make your choice.

Attic stairs: overview of options

The main elements of the staircase are the bowstring and the stringer (side parts); tread (steps) and riser (for stationary stairs).

I. Capital steps

If there is enough space in your house, then we recommend building a stationary staircase to access the attic or attic. This option is reliable, practical and durable. Capital steps can be performed on the basis metal frame or quality wood.

Monolithic stairs can be marching, with one or more bends, or spiral (spiral). Marching options have steps in the form of rectangular plates (boards), which evenly move upward at the same distance. Spiral staircase folded around central base, has steps narrowed towards the inner edge and is arranged in a spiral. The latter option is more compact and can be built even in small spaces, without sacrificing space.

The “advantages” of the capital option include durability, reliability and ease of use.

A capital staircase, in most cases, does not provide a hatch for access to the attic, therefore it is more suitable for houses with warm roof. For a cold roof, the exit to the attic must be closed with a sealed hatch. Standard sizes hatch - 120x70 cm. It makes no sense to make a smaller passage, as this will complicate both getting into the attic and installing steps.

The material for the hatch is wood, metal or plastic. You can order a blank for the hatch at the factory metal-plastic structures with installation or self-installation. The hatch can be automatic or manual opening. With the latter option, a special pole is used to open the latch (lock) and lower the door with a ladder.

II. Portable ladders

Portable steps are the closest analogue of the “good old” stepladders. Such a ladder will only be reliable if you make a folding version with a platform. However, it is difficult to call such a design convenient. You will have to make extra efforts to get into the attic hole, and the issue of storing such a ladder will cause a lot of trouble.

III. Folding attic ladders with hatch

A very convenient and easy-to-implement type of attic ladder is folding steps connected to a hatch. Thanks to its convenient design, this type of steps has become the most popular among professional craftsmen.

Today there are many types of folding stairs, from which you can choose the most suitable option(telescopic, scissor, folding, etc.).

The folding mechanism is suitable for any attic spaces with a hatch onto which the staircase structure can be attached.

1. Scissor steps. This type is made of metal. The steps themselves can be wooden. The ladder is a compressing mechanism. When folded, the design takes on a very compact shape and size, so it is perfect for a small attic hatch;
2. Telescopic steps. They are a system of retractable sections (similar to a folding telescope). This option is made of aluminum and also looks very compact on a small attic door;
3. Folding (folding) stairs. This type is the most popular, as it is characterized by practicality, durability, cost-effectiveness and ease of installation. Below we will describe it in more detail.

In general, most stairs schematically look like this:

Before we start designing an attic staircase, let's consider some standard specifications designs:

• The width of the march for attic steps should not exceed 60-65 cm;
• The height of the entire structure (taking into account the slope) is allowed up to 300 cm. Anything that exceeds this length becomes less stable and less strong. The higher the ladder, the less load it can withstand;
• Based on the recommended length of the stairs, the number of steps is selected - 13-15 pieces, with a distance between them of up to 20 cm;
• The most convenient and safe angle of inclination of the stairs is 60-700 degrees;
• Steps are a direct recipient of the load when climbing, so they must have a dense structure and a thickness of 18 mm, and be positioned strictly parallel to the floor.

Selection of material for flight of stairs should be determined by the frequency of operation of the structure. Wood wears out faster than metal. So, if you go up to the attic every day, it is better to design the steps from metal. In other cases, the tree is like light material, environmentally friendly and easy to install, is very popular.

So, let's get started and create a modern attic staircase with a hatch with your own hands according to the drawings that our specialists have prepared for you.

Stages of design and installation of a staircase of three sections with a hatch

Any work must begin with a project. Determine the height of your future staircase, taking into account the height of the ceiling and a slope of 60-70 degrees. It is also worth accurately measuring the attic passage and drawing a corresponding diagram. The drawing must contain the following information: length of the staircase, angle of inclination, height of the ceiling of the room, dimensions of the passage and attic hatch, width of the flight, number and dimensions of sections, number, distance and dimensions of steps.

I. Preparation of the drawing

At this stage, the design is calculated. The length of the stairs is easy to calculate. We use a simple mathematical formula: D = B/, where α is the selected angle of inclination, B is the height of the ceiling. So, with a ceiling height of 3 m and an inclination angle of 60 degrees, the length of the staircase will be 3/0.867 = 3.46 m. ​​Craftsmen advise adding a few centimeters to the resulting figure in order to then more accurately measure and cut the required length:

The dimensions of the hatch should be slightly smaller than the opening itself. For the calculation, 6-7 mm is left on each side of the door.

We calculate the length of the sections according to the following scheme: the first section is the length of the hatch minus 10%; second section – length of the first section minus 10%; third section - the sum of the lengths of the first two sections is subtracted from the total length of the stairs.

Now you need to transfer the calculations to paper and start preparing necessary materials and tools.

II. Selection of materials and tools

To implement the project, you need to prepare carpentry tools: tape measure, chisel, hacksaw, screwdriver, welding machine(or capital connections for a metal frame), square, hacksaw, clamps, wood glue, masking tape, electrodes, wood glue.

The main materials that we will need: 50x50 mm bars for finishing the hatch (about 4-5 pieces); two boards for the bowstring 100x25 mm long, equal to the selected length of the ladder; board for steps 100x20 or 100x25 mm; plywood or material with similar characteristics(one standard sheet is enough for the hatch door); plates and angles for opening and hinges; nuts, bolts, screws, washers, etc.

III. Making a hatch door

Step I. Prepare the bars for the hatch. At the ends of the beams, make cuts and grooves to tightly connect the structure into a regular triangle using assembly glue and fasteners. Protect the corners of the frame with temporary plywood plates to prevent the rectangle from moving.

Step II. Attach a sheet of plywood of the appropriate size to the base of the bars. Now you need to try on the hatch to the passage to the attic. It should be 6-7 mm smaller on all sides.

Step III. Provide a lock for the attic door. This can be an automatic mechanism, or a very ordinary latch, which can be opened with a pole with a tip.

Step IV. We install hatch opening/closing mechanisms. If you don’t want to buy ready-made mechanisms, you can make them yourself. There should be two fastenings - left and right. For work, purchase a 4x20 mm steel plate and a corner. The photo shows a drawing of the left fastening part. The right one is performed in a mirror image. Dimensions are given arbitrarily. For more accurate calculations, consider your parameters. Before fastening, be sure to check the mechanisms in operation:

IV. Assembling the stairs

You can always order a ready-made sectional staircase from the craftsmen, which can be secured according to ready-made diagram on one's own. But if you decide to complete the work yourself, you can assemble the stairs from prepared materials.

Step 1. Mark on the strings the places where the steps will be installed. To do this, mark each part with a pencil, according to the selected angle of inclination of the stairs and the previously made calculations. Now press the ends of the boards tightly together and fasten them together masking tape. This is necessary to drill through holes at the junctions of the sections. Drill a hole for the hinge with a diameter of about 25 mm at the junction of the first and second sections. Next, you need to remove the tape and turn the boards over, fastening them again. Now we drill a similar hole at the junction of the second and third sections:

Step 2. Cut the bowstrings along the marked lines. Next, grooves for the steps are made on the inside of the bowstrings using a chisel. The depth of the grooves must be at least 5 mm (this should also be taken into account at the first design stage). The lower section of the bowstrings should be beveled according to the angle of inclination of the stairs.

Step 3. We cut the steps according to the markings and attach them to the left bowstring. We put the steps on glue and secure them with self-tapping screws. We attach the right bowstring and also fasten it with self-tapping screws.

Step 4. Attach the hinges for the sliding mechanism of the stairs. Hinges, like hinge mechanisms, can be bought in a store, or made independently from metal tape. We need eight strips of metal (you can use leftovers from the door mechanisms). Weld small pieces of the same strip to the four strips. We drill two holes in each part (for fastening and hinge). We connect the hinge with the hinges. Now we join the cut sections and attach the hinges so that each hinge fits into the groove (25 mm holes drilled before cutting the sections). We fasten the loops on the bowstrings:

V. Final assembly

Now the top of the finished ladder needs to be secured to the hatch, having first checked the operation of the hinge mechanisms. The staircase should also be checked after installation. After making sure that all parts are in good working order and functional, open the steps with varnish:

One more thing step by step guide for installation:

You can insulate and seal the hatch using foam rubber or construction wool. The edges of the hatch should be covered with rubber sealant tape.

That's it, your staircase with hatch is ready! This is exactly the option that is completely feasible “with one helmet.” We wish you fast and easy work.

Any room in the house can and should be equipped in an optimal way for the people living there. This also applies to the attic. A do-it-yourself attic staircase becomes excellent example correct use space and forces for organizing space indoors.

The ascent to the attic includes the ladder itself, a special hatch for penetration and a system of levers for fixing the installed span. A do-it-yourself attic staircase allows you to save money and provide excellent quality construction.

Classic look of a retractable staircase to the attic

There are plenty of options on how to make a staircase to the attic. Therefore, it is up to you to choose the optimal solution and implement it.

Staircase manufacturing, installation and testing are the main stages of work. But without design and calculation of the future structure, construction will be complicated, and the quality may not meet expectations.

The beginning of work is the creation of a hatch leading to the top. A DIY attic ladder is a great approach if you have sufficient knowledge and skills. The correct choice of hatch location, its precise creation and staircase equipment serve as the basis for the entire project.

You have 2 options: use a ready-made hatch or make it yourself. The size of the hole should be comfortable for climbing, so as not to touch the ceiling and slings with your head. The place should not be crossed by beams and load-bearing elements. The hatch must be additionally insulated, because the integrity of the structure is compromised and this can lead to heat loss.

If you decide to make an attic staircase with your own hands, then you should understand that this is not just a classic path to the upper floor. The attic staircase has its own characteristics and requires a special approach.

Manufacturing a hatch for an attic staircase includes the following work:

1. Development of drawings
2. Accounting and detailed analysis of the thickness of all structural elements and hatch dimensions.
3. Selection of necessary materials and tools.
4. Forming an opening where there will be a folding ladder or other option for climbing into the attic.
5. Assembling the hatch frame and securely fixing all elements.
6. Making a cover from leftover floor coverings.
7. Decoration and complex of insulation works.

As a result, you get an equipped hatch that can be easily closed for a while.

The hatch in the closed position practically does not stand out against the background of the ceiling

DIY folding ladder to the attic

In most cases, the design of the stairs to the attic appears this way. An attic ladder that can be folded freely looks convenient and practical, saving space without sacrificing functionality.

Making this type of staircase yourself is quite complex and time-consuming, but proper preparation And step by step execution quite feasible. To make a folding attic ladder, you will need the following tools:

• Hacksaw
• Polyurethane foam
• Screwdriver (preferably electric)
• Screwdriver
• Anchor bolts
• Self-tapping screws of different diameters
• Loops for fastening
• Roulette.

Before starting the production of an attic ladder, you should make sure that you have an extension ladder, which will serve as the basis for work. A folding ladder can be made in just 1 day, if you have all the materials and tools.

This design option is objectively the most popular, for which there are reasons:

1. A folding ladder can significantly save space.
2. The element folds easily and is extremely simple to use.
3. Harmonious fit into any interior.
4. Fast production speed.
5. High strength and long service life.

If you manage to make a folding staircase exactly with the planned dimensions, you will get a spectacular and effective element in home improvement.

Standard sizes

Although the attic ladder is made by hand, there are certain established dimensions that are recommended to be followed. They are selected and laid at the design stage, and during the manufacturing process they serve Starting point for all actions. Below is a list of sizes that can be used:

1. With a staircase height of 290 cm: 60x90, 60x120 or 70x120 cm.
2. Height 280 cm: 60x120 and 70x120 cm.
3. Height up to 280 cm: 60x120, 70x120 and 70x130 cm.

This is the accepted order of numbers. In any case, you choose the final parameters yourself, solely based on personal preferences and understanding of the ease of use of the design.

Drawing

Here is a set of diverse ladders with detailed drawings for work.

The manufacturing process step by step with photo illustrations and detailed descriptions

When making stairs for the attic, it is important to follow the stages of the work in order to get the optimal result. For this we offer you universal instructions(Attention: some changes and adjustments are allowed for a specific case).

1. Drawing development. Not required here high accuracy and correctness of design. The main thing is that your document is understandable to you personally and contains precisely calculated and verified parameters.
2. Preparatory work. This important and extensive stage includes the selection complete set tools and materials that will be required to complete the work. Already at this stage, a drawing will help you a lot, because you will clearly imagine what the staircase will look like, which means you can easily draw up full list everything you need.
3. Manufacturing of the support frame. Based on the standard and selected size of the hatch, you form the frames, carefully adjusting all the corners and cleaning individual areas.

Installed frame and mounted hatch in open position

1. The frame is installed in the working position and secured with bolts and inserts. The opening fits exactly.
2. After mounting the frame, the hatch cover is inserted into the body.
3. Grooves for stairs are made on the guides.
4. The ends of the support beams should be cut at an angle that will optimally match the floor when the stairs are opened.
5. The sawn and polished steps are carefully installed in the groove and secured with self-tapping screws.

Installation of steps on bases

1. All elements (staircase segments) are assembled into a single structure. Metal hinges are used to secure all parts.

Metal loops for connecting structural elements

1. The ladder assembled on the floor is installed in its working position and attached to the hatch frame.
2. Be sure to carefully check how the design you created works. To do this, perform the full set of opening/closing movements several times.

Staircase of several sections in assembled condition

See how you can make a staircase to the attic with a visual example

Attic ladder mechanism with hatch - hinged without spring

The design of the hatch opening mechanism is one of key elements when designing stairs. You can purchase a ready-to-install mechanism at any department store. If you do not want to purchase such parts, you can make it yourself.

For the manufacture of simple option opening system, you will need the following set of parts and tools: a corner, a metal sheet (a small piece), 2 strips with different lengths of the blade, bolts for fastening, drills, a jigsaw, cleats and clamps.

The manufacture of the mechanism for the stairs is as follows:

1. Drawing up a drawing with a detailed description of the elements. Be sure to calculate the angle of contact and the angle of inclination of the lid when opening.
2. Make a design of the mechanism from cardboard in order to accurately calculate the size of the hinge.
3. Take metal strips and mark holes on them. The hinges will be installed here. The size of the hole is determined by the size of the M10 bolt.
4. The strips are assembled together into a single structure and tightened, but not too much.
5. Determined exact angle using malka.
6. Extend the mechanism being created to the set angle.
7. On metal sheet mark the part that will overlap when the hatch is open.
8. Using a jigsaw, cut this section.
9. The stripes must have a presentable appearance, for which they are carefully cleaned and curved. The processing of all elements is very important, because it is this that ensures that all elements match exactly and fit optimally. No friction between parts should be allowed.
10. To make the second part of the mechanism, we recommend using clamps. To ensure accurate dimensions, it is enough to securely fasten the finished element and the source.
11. You can also use clamps to achieve precise hole placement.
12. Once the bolt holes are created, the bolt is placed into the finished hole.
13. The blanks are twisted with two bolts and aligned along their length.

Your task is to make 2 identical mechanisms. Completely finished opening mechanisms are installed on the hatch. Be sure to re-fit the hatch with the mechanisms to the opening - make sure there are no gaps or areas where the elements come into contact.

Adjusting the structure in this area is possible and is not difficult, so pay attention to this.

The hinge is easy to use and allows you to use the ladder comfortably.

Stair options

Attic stairs can have several types. The ability to choose allows you to optimally equip any room depending on your personal wishes and needs.

— folding ladder on hinges

A fairly common format for making stairs. The project consists of 3 sections that are connected into a single structure. This format is suitable for equipping stairs in any room. Hinges for an opening hatch can be purchased ready-made and installed in the shortest possible time.

Folding ladder on hinges

- simple wooden staircase

This option is more attractive and is a definite upgrade of the previous design. To make it, it is enough to cut a standard ladder into 3 sections. The smallest one should be the size of the hatch, the second one should be larger, and the third one should completely cover the remaining distance to the floor. Make grooves on and install steps into them. Be sure to finish all corners and surfaces accurately.

- two-piece folding ladder

An attic staircase option that is suitable for low room heights or a type of simplified design.

Folding ladder

- sliding attic ladder - retractable flights to the attic

A ladder with large retractable sections that can be pulled out and simultaneously cover the distance to the hatch. Requires precise fitting of elements and sufficient space.

Sliding staircase

- do-it-yourself staircase to the attic from the street

An attic staircase can have an unlimited number of design options - below you can admire the completed projects.

Stairs from the street

Photo gallery of attic stairs

Today you can find a large number of attic staircase designs online. Anyone can make them with their own hands, so you shouldn’t be afraid - you just need to prepare well and do it.

Do-it-yourself staircase to the attic is great way make your home more comfortable and make trips to the attic a real pleasure. The design has a small set of technical difficulties - therefore the product is often made by hand. Basic rules for those who decide to make an attic ladder themselves:

• Carefully draw up a drawing based on the obtained dimensions and personal wishes.
• Choose the best quality tools and materials.
• Carefully inspect all connecting elements and docking parts.
• Check the staircase elements more often to prevent defects and eliminate them in a timely manner.

The staircase for climbing to the attic is easy to decorate and fits perfectly into the style of any room. Comfortable handles and reliable fixation forms perfect option climbing to the top, which is an excellent alternative to a standard fixed ladder.