OSB stands for Oriented Strand Board - a board made of oriented strands, or OSB in Russian. This is a modern construction and finishing material, consisting of 90% wood chips bound with synthetic waterproof resins. The slabs are formed by 3-4 layers of thin shavings up to 15 cm long, pressed at high blood pressure and temperature, and the direction of the chips in each layer is different.
OSB boards can be used for:
- production of sandwich panels and construction of frame houses,
- when installing floors,
- covering walls, ceilings, floors,
- for covering roofs,
- at auxiliary works(installation of formwork, scaffolding),
- for the manufacture of auxiliary buildings (sheds, storage facilities), street structures, fences,
- as structural elements furniture.
High-quality OSB complies with the EN 300 OSB standard, which imposes requirements for environmental safety and technical parameters slabs
Types of plates and their features
There are 4 main types of slabs produced:
- OSB-1- low strength and low moisture resistance, used for interior work, in the manufacture of furniture,
- OSB-2- high strength and low moisture resistance, used for internal partitions, load-bearing structures, floors,
- OSB-3- high strength and high moisture resistance, ideal for outdoor use,
- OSB-4- ultra-high strength and high moisture resistance, used for load-bearing elements, walls, roofs.
The moisture resistance of the slab depends on the composition of the glue used, and the strength depends on the number of layers and relative position shavings in them.
In addition, there are boards with a varnished or laminated surface on one side, which, for example, can be reused for the manufacture of formwork. For installation on a horizontal surface, you can use OSB with tongue-and-groove joints at the ends on 2 or 4 sides.
The most common standard slab sizes are:
- 122 * 244 cm,
- 122 * 366 cm,
- 125 * 250 cm * 6 –40 mm,
- 125 * 370 cm,
- 125 * 600 cm.
Pros of OSB
Manufacturers sometimes refer to OSB as “improved” wood. It is just as durable, light and easy to process, but at the same time it is free from such disadvantages as fire hazard, susceptibility to rot and mold, the presence of voids and knots. By technical properties OSB is superior to chipboard, fiberboard, MDF and even plywood.
Factory conveyor production allows for stable dimensions and uniform thickness throughout the slab. OSB provides excellent heat retention; it is not subject to deformation and destruction in water. For its processing, the same tools and materials are used as for wood. Big sizes sheets allow you to build walls with a minimum number of joints. The service life of structures made from such plates is practically unlimited.
Cons of OSB
IN Lately there is a lot of material about the dangers and negative impact to OSB health. All the criticism is related to the use of phenol in synthetic resins, which are used to join wood chips and release carcinogenic substances. Today the majority European manufacturers switched to polymer resins without the inclusion of formaldehyde and completely safe, such boards are usually labeled ECO-, Green-.
In any case, before purchasing OSB for building a house, you should familiarize yourself with the certificates for this material and make sure that it corresponds to class E1, or even better, E0 (the emission class determines how much formaldehyde compounds are released into the environment).
For interior work and furniture making, it is permissible to use only OSB intended for interior work, and if there are doubts about its quality, insulate it well with plasterboard, finishing materials and floor coverings and take care of ventilation in the room. OSB-3 and -4 can only be used for work outside the home.
What are OSB sheets and what are they made from? OSB or OSB sheet is an oriented particle board, which is a wood chip material glued together with a special polymer. Many people mistakenly assume that chipboard and OSB are about the same thing. However, OSB sheets are made only from high-quality chips, which are laid in a special way perpendicular to each other. The sheet itself is formed using synthetic resins, under high temperature and pressure. Thanks to its reliable structure, the material is very durable.
Characteristics of OSB board
Are common specifications sheets of shavings are as follows:
— The density of the slabs can vary from 640 to 700 kg/m3;
- the material has an increased fire hazard - G4, it is usually treated with fire retardant solutions;
— the sheets have good adhesion and paintability; they are often coated with various varnishes;
— the manufacturability of the material is practical, it can be sawed, drilled, nailed, sanded and cut; fairly simple installation;
- mechanical holding capacity does not have an exact number, but is considered high;
- swelling coefficient - 10-22%.
Where are OSB sheets used?
OSB sheets found wide application in the following areas:
— as a material for racks and stands;
- wooden staircase cladding;
— cladding of frame house walls;
— in the form of SIP panels;
- as a base for roofing tiles;
- in switchboards formwork structures;
- for filing ceilings;
- as a basis for installing floors.
Construction of a house from OSB sheets frame technology.
OSB sheets are widely used in the construction of houses using frame technology. You can find out about one of them in the article:.
Classes of OSB boards
There are several classifications of OSB sheets. Let us first consider the class, designated by numbering from one to four. So let’s figure out what the numbers after the name of the material mean.
1. OSB-1 is the material with the lowest strength and lowest resistance to water. It is used in rooms and structures without heavy loads (in the form of cladding and furniture elements).
2. OSB-2 is used for the construction of load-bearing structures for dry rooms, respectively, the strength level is average, moisture resistance is low.
3. OSB-3 is a material that has higher strength and can be used in conditions of high humidity.
4. OSB-4 is a durable sheet that is designed for maximum moisture levels in combination with mechanical stress.
OSB-3 boards are most widely used due to their strength characteristics. If such sheets are primed or painted, their moisture resistance characteristics are comparable to OSB-4 boards. OSB-4 boards are not widely used due to their high cost, which is approximately twice as high as OSB-3 boards.
Health hazards of OSB boards
Each slab of shavings contains another not very useful, or rather completely harmful, component. It is the glue that connects the entire OSB structure into a single whole - formaldehyde. However, when bound, it is absolutely safe, but there is one point that destroys this myth. During the manufacture of the board, it contracts, so the structure of the glue collapses and when the sheet is used, a certain level of toxins is released into the room. The toxicity class is designated as follows:
— E0.5 – formaldehyde emission of no more than 0.08 mg/m³ of air;
— E1 – formaldehyde emission from 0.08 to 0.124 mg/m³ air;
— E2 – formaldehyde emission from 0.124 to 1.25 mg/m³ of air.
For OSB installation For indoor slabs, it is better to use slabs with toxicity classes E0.5 and E1. Such slabs are as harmless to health as other building materials.
Dimensions and thickness of OSB sheets
The possible dimensions of the OSB board directly depend on the edges of the building material itself. They can be (possible sizes are listed below):
A. With smooth edges. In this case, the sheet sizes are:
— 2440x1220 mm;
— 2500x1250 mm;
— 2800x1250 mm;
- 3125x2000 mm.
B. With tongue and groove edge. This class includes sizes in:
— 2440x1220 mm;
— 2440x590 mm;
— 2450x590 mm;
— 2500x1250 mm.
The thickness of each OSB sheet can range from six to twenty-two millimeters. Here are a number of typical thicknesses: 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 22 mm
The edges of the OSB sheets may have special grooves for better connection with each other. Prices for OSB sheets.
Almost all residents of large and small cities are well aware that nowadays it is relatively easy to buy a fake certificate proving the clean environmental friendliness and safety of products. Therefore, in order not to get into trouble, it is better to trust only the most famous and popular OSB manufacturers. These include:
— Kronospan-Bolderaj, OSB-3, for example, a slab measuring 2500*1250 mm and 9 mm thick will cost about 650 rubles;
- Glunz and Egger - German slabs of the same size and thickness are slightly more expensive - for 850 rubles;
— Kalevala OSB-3 is a Russian board, which can be purchased for 550 rubles.
OSB board: application, characteristics, reviews
OSB boards (OSB) are a relatively new high-tech wood-based board construction material, which has already become indispensable in wooden frame housing construction, furniture manufacturing and decoration. Important advantages of OSB (OSB) boards are strength and elasticity.
OSB board - what is it?
Oriented Strand Boards(OSB) quickly took their position among traditional wood-based building materials, along with plywood, chipboard, and fiberboard. Universal OSB (Oriented Strand Board) have a number of competitive advantages. It’s not for nothing that OSB boards are called “improved wood”.
OSB (OSB - all these abbreviations mean the same material) is a dense compressed three-layer board made from large oriented wood chips. In practice, OSB replaces plywood and chipboard. The title clearly explains appearance- it is easy to recognize oriented strand boards by their elongated chips.
The OSB (OSB) board consists of 3 layers. In the inner layer of OSB, the chips are located transversely, in the lower and upper layers- on the contrary, longitudinally. Each layer of OSB board is pre-glued with waterproof resins and compressed under the influence of high temperature.
The main raw material for the production of OSB boards is medium- and low-quality coniferous wood, as well as small-sized wood that is not suitable for processing in plywood production and sawmilling. Wood waste do not apply here.
Did you know that the appearance of the first OSB dates back to the late 1970s and is associated with the development of wafer board production in the USA. Beginning in 1978, the material quickly began to gain popularity. By 2000, in the United States, the production of OSB boards was almost equal in volume to the production of plywood.
OSB board - dimensions and characteristics
One of the features of manufacturing OSB (OSB) boards is the elimination of crushed product and small chips. The technology allows us to significantly reduce the amount of glue used in OSB (2-3%), unlike others wood-based building materials .
This is how OSB (OSB) boards acquire water resistance, resistance to loads and tension, and elasticity. OSB boards physical properties similar to plywood coniferous species, however, the cost of OSB is much cheaper, given the low quality requirements for wood raw materials. Increased mechanical properties, in comparison with conventional chipboard, are achieved by multidirectional orientation of chips in the layers of the OSB board. With static bending, the tensile strength of OSB boards with a density of 650-720 kg/cubic. m is 40-50 MPa in the longitudinal, 20-25 MPa in the transverse directions. For comparison: plywood general purpose made of birch has a static bending strength of 55-60 MPa.
OSB boards retain everything in flat chips beneficial features solid wood, but eliminates its defects - delamination, warping, falling knots, internal cracks and voids. OSB (OSB) is distinguished by high uniformity of structure. Standard sizes of OSB boards are 2500x1250, 2440x1220 and 3660x1220 mm, with a thickness of 8-40 mm.
OSB ECO boards (OSB ECO) have the highest environmental parameters. OSB-3 is produced on the basis of polyurethane resins with minimal formaldehyde content. The environmental safety of OSB ECO boards is confirmed by certificates.
OSB (OSB) boards - application and capabilities
The characteristics of OSB boards significantly expand the scope of their application for both internal and exterior decoration. OSB (OSB) is suitable as a basis for many types roofing materials. They provide good sound absorption, thermal insulation, high rigidity and are able to withstand heavy snow and wind loads.
Subfloors are assembled from OSB boards and used as a complete flooring. OSB boards(OSB) are perfectly combined with any external facing coatings when covering walls. OSB boards are also used for construction supporting structures in wall and interfloor ceilings, repeatedly - for removable concrete formwork. In addition to construction and finishing, OSB is in demand in furniture production and packaging industry.
By changing the design of OSB (OSB), for example, the thickness and number of layers, the size and orientation of wood particles, the type of binder and consumption, the boards are given different properties that determine their purpose. The surface of the OSB board can be varnished, laminated, tongue-and-groove.
OSB boards are easy to process and hold any fastenings well. The retention rate of OSB (OSB) fasteners is 25% higher than that of softwood plywood and chipboard.
OSB 3 boards: what does the marking mean?
Based on strength and moisture resistance, there are four types of OSB boards. The OSB 1 marking means that the board is intended for use in dry rooms, for the manufacture of furniture, finishing and decorative elements. OSB 2 is also recommended for conditions with low humidity. OSB 2 boards are suitable for creating load-bearing structures.
Designations 3 and 4 allow the use of slabs OSB 3, 4 in damp areas. For OSB 4 boards, high mechanical loads are permissible.
When choosing OSB boards, pay attention to the type of material in terms of strength and moisture resistance - there are four in total. OSB 3 is characterized by the greatest versatility; they are suitable for both interior and exterior work.
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OSB board is one of the most popular materials for construction market. Let's figure out what this material is, what it comes in and where it is used.
When studying building materials, we often come across the name OSB board - also OSB, OSB. This abbreviation stands for ooriented strand board, or oriented strand board.
OSB has a reasonable price, good technical characteristics - and is used both in external and interior decoration during construction. But what exactly is this material?
OSB is made from natural wood chips and consists of three main layers. Thin wood chips are processed adhesive composition and are laid longitudinally on the bottom layer, transversely on the inner layer, and again longitudinally on the top outer layer. The finished board is then pressed at a very high temperature, causing the adhesive to harden, turning the material into a thin, dense, uniform surface.
Oriented strand board was invented in America several decades ago, when during the mass construction of frame housing it became clear that neither ordinary tree, nor chipboards do not allow the construction of inexpensive but high-quality houses.
The coating fits perfectly on this surface, which combines the advantages of ceramics and linoleum.
OSB has become a successful intermediate option between conventional wood board and chipboard. Oriented strand material has high strength, but a reasonable price, and at the same time retains fairly good resistance to deformation - due to its transverse-longitudinal structure.
- At the moment, there are many varieties of OSB, differing, among other things, in appearance. Laminated, varnished, corrugated - the material is convenient for execution exterior finishing and beautiful enough to create a budget interior design.
- OSB weighs little, lasts a long time, it is very easy to work with - the material is easy to cut and drill, paint, wallpaper, tiles and plaster fit well on its surface.
- OSB board remains quite resistant to temperature influences and high humidity, and also reduces noise levels in rooms and retains heat.
And of course, all these advantages are complemented by the main advantage of OSB slabs - they are inexpensive. There are both very cheap and more expensive options on the market - but even “luxury” material remains affordable from a financial point of view.
Types of OSB and technical characteristics
Boards made by pressing wood chips are divided into several varieties. They differ in their characteristics - with the main parameters being strength, moisture resistance and thickness.
There are four types in total - from OSB-1 to OSB-4. Let's briefly look at the characteristics of each of them.
- OSB-1. This is the least durable variety, which is practically not used in construction and interior decoration. Possesses low level strength and moisture resistance. When immersed in water for twenty-four hours, its swelling coefficient is 25%. The strength indicator for longitudinal bending is 2500 N per square millimeter, for transverse bending - 1200 N per square millimeter.
- OSB-2. Next variety particle board differs in slightly greater strength - 3500 and 1400 N per square millimeter with longitudinal and transverse forces, respectively. However, the material's resistance to moisture remains low - the swelling level is 20%.
- OSB-3. This variety belongs to a higher class. Its strength indicators are the same as those of the previous variety - however, moisture resistance is much higher. With constant contact with water, the material swells by only 15%. OSB-3 is the most popular type of particle board among buyers, since with good performance the material maintains an affordable price.
- OSB-4. This is the highest quality of oriented strand boards - it can even be used when creating load-bearing structures. It has a strength of 4800 and 1800 N per square millimeter at longitudinal and transverse pressure; per day of contact with water, its swelling is only 12%. True, the price of such material is almost twice as high as the cost of the previous OSB board.
In addition to strength and moisture resistance, great importance has thickness. It can range from 8 to 26 millimeters. Typically, the thickness indicator directly depends on the class; the stronger the slab, the thicker it is in diameter.
Another important parameter- this is an indicator of the flammability of OSB. Unfortunately, oriented strand boards belong to class G-4 - that is, they are a highly flammable material. This is not surprising - after all, they are made of natural wood chips. To give the material greater fire resistance, manufacturers treat the slabs with special compounds and impregnations. However, it is necessary to understand that in the event of a fire, OSB will ignite one way or another - and even the most quality material cannot be completely non-flammable.
Is the material harmful to health?
OSB boards are used not only for exterior, but also for interior decoration. There is still debate about how harmful the material is to health. Opponents of oriented strand boards argue their position by the fact that when producing the material, manufacturers use formaldehyde impregnations. Consequently, during operation, fumes must inevitably be released that are hazardous to human health. But is this really so?
In general, we can say that everything depends on the specific manufacturer and its approach to environmental friendliness of products. OSB boards can have four options for environmental labeling: E0, E1, E2, E3. Despite the fact that E3 class boards contain up to 30 milligrams of formaldehyde emissions per 100 grams of material, and E0 class boards - up to only 6.5 milligrams, extremely acceptable standards In terms of harmful fumes, no variety exceeds.
In addition, most manufacturers - especially Western ones - are trying to further reduce the presence of formaldehyde in their materials, replacing toxic impregnations with safe ones polymer compounds. Many types of OSB are recommended for use in interior decoration - if their toxicity posed a health hazard, the material could only be “approved” for exterior use.
And finally, the environmental safety of OSB is confirmed
OSB board is a relatively new building material that is widely used in construction. But what is it, what properties does it have, and for what purpose is it used? I will try to answer all these questions.
The abbreviation OSB stands for “oriented strand board”, which means “oriented strand board”
What is OSB
General information
The material is mistakenly also called “usb”, “usb” and even “usby” plates. For some reason, roofers especially like to say this. The decoding of the abbreviation USB sounds like this - universalstrandboard, i.e. universal chipboard.
So, OSB is sheets formed by compressed wood shavings and large chips. The length of the chips can reach 15 cm, and their number in the slab reaches 90 percent. Most often, manufacturers of this material use a mixture of hardwood and softwood chips.
For gluing wood chips, synthetic resins, paraffin and other adhesives are used. In addition, moisture-repellent substances are added to the composition.
The main feature of these plates is that they consist of several layers. Moreover, the fibers of each layer are located perpendicular to each other. This provides them with high strength and resistance to deformation.
Production
The manufacturing process of OSB boards includes several stages:
- Preparing the tree. The tree is softened by moistening and heat treatment, after which the bark and natural damage are removed;
- Wood splitting. Using special equipment, the prepared wood is split into chips required sizes;
- Drying. The resulting chips are dried in drying chambers;
- Processing of raw materials. The prepared shavings are mixed with an adhesive composition and water-repellent impregnations;
- Formation of layers. In special conveyor machines, the chips are aligned in the desired direction, resulting in individual layers;
- Layering. Layers with a wound orientation of chips are superimposed on each other. The number of layers may vary, depending on the desired thickness of the slab;
- Pressing. This procedure occurs under high temperature. The output is almost ready material;
- Grinding. The outer surface of the outer layers is sanded, as a result of which the slabs acquire an attractive appearance;
- Cutting. The resulting material is cut into slabs of certain sizes, after which they are sent to the warehouse.
As a result OSB sheets They turn out to be much more durable and moisture resistant than other similar materials, such as chipboard and MDF.
Main properties and characteristics
Performance
Like any other building material, OSB boards have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, first of all, let’s get acquainted with their performance qualities.
Advantages:
- High strength. The material is able to withstand large mechanical loads;
- Weather resistant. Thanks to this quality, USB panels can be used for outdoor work. True, this does not apply to all their types;
- Resistance to biological influences. Thanks to special impregnations, the slabs never rot or are affected by fungus or insects;
- Durability. Thanks to the qualities described above, the sheets can last for various designs for more than a dozen years even when used externally;
- Preservation of shape. As a result of the multidirectionality of the chips, the slabs are not deformed. In this regard, the material is superior even to plywood;
- Heat and sound insulation qualities. OSB board has almost the same properties as an array;
- Ease of machining. The slabs do not crumble and are also not prone to chipping in the sawing areas;
- Attractive view. Thanks to large chips, the boards look much more attractive than chipboard and MDF. Therefore, they are often used as a finishing material, preserving the natural texture and color.
Flaws:
- Toxicity. The slabs contain harmful phenols, however, this only applies to brands intended for outdoor use. Some manufacturers have completely eliminated the use of formaldehyde in the manufacture of this material;
- Eco-friendly brands are not resistant to moisture. Boards that can be used for interior work are not resistant to moisture.
Characteristics
The slabs in question have the following technical characteristics:
| Characteristics | Options |
| Modulus of elasticity at transverse bending, N/mm² | 1200-1800 |
| Modulus of elasticity at longitudinal bending, N/mm² | 2500-4800 |
| Slab sizes | The width of the slabs usually has standard dimensions - 1220 or 1250 mm. Length may vary:
The thickness also varies between 6-22 mm. |
| Weight of 1m 2 slabs, kg | Depending on the thickness of the sheet, it ranges from 12.9 to 42.9. |
| Moisture resistance | Swelling, depending on the type of sheets, is in the range of 12-25% |
| Density, kg/m 3 | 640 to 700 |
OSB has a fairly high coefficient of thermal expansion - the board standard sizes can expand by 3 mm. Therefore, instructions for installing this material on building facades or, for example, on floors require creating gaps between sheets of several millimeters.
Types of OSB and their features
The characteristics and performance of OSB boards largely depend on the strength class. There are four classes in total:
- OSB-1. The material is intended for use exclusively in dry rooms. It is the most environmentally friendly, but at the same time has the least strength and resistance to moisture.
Plates of this class are widely used in industry;
- OSB-2. This class of slabs is also intended for indoor use. The difference from the first class is increased strength, but moisture resistance remains at a low level.
Such slabs can be used for internal partitions, arrangement of subfloors, etc.;
- OSB-3. They have much greater density and moisture resistance. As a result, they can be used for both interior and exterior work, subject to short-term contact with water;
