Building a new home is always a big expense. Few people can afford to build without paying attention to estimates. Most often you have to save money to fit into the budget. However, the savings should be reasonable, because the owner and his family will live in the new place. The building should be warm, dry, comfortable, and pleasant to look at. How to achieve this without overpayments? First of all, save on a team of workers. If the developer has the necessary skills, then everything or almost everything can be done yourself. You can also choose inexpensive materials, available technologies, standard project. How to build a house with your own hands cheaper? What is worth saving on, and where is it better not to risk it?

Savings start with choosing a project. The more difficult architectural forms, the more expensive construction costs. It is irrational to try to reduce costs at the expense of workers, technical supervision or quality of materials by initially choosing an expensive project.

It is better to clearly determine the necessary living space, without depriving the family, but also without allowing yourself extra square meters, choose a simple roof shape. This will allow you to create a cozy home that fully meets the needs of the family, but without architectural “excesses” - a multi-pitched roof, bay windows, columns, arches.

It makes sense to consider options for building a one- or two-story structure with a residential attic.

A residential attic is much more profitable than a separate floor. The construction of the floor will require more materials - for walls, insulation, finishing

If you choose lightweight building materials and suitable technologies for the construction of walls, you can save on the foundation. A less powerful structure will be needed, plus the formwork can be made from substandard boards or used fiberboard boards.

The only thing you don't want to cut costs on is cement. You need to buy it of high quality, otherwise the strength of the structure will be in question. The depth of the trench under the foundation must also correspond to the calculated weight of the building in order to avoid severe settlement, which can lead to cracks in the walls.

What is most often used during construction:

• brick;
• beam;
• gas block

When constructing houses and cottages, frame technology is increasingly being used. This is a promising method that allows you to build quickly and at minimal cost.

To find out what will cost the least for construction, you will have to calculate estimates for each of the options, because... the cost of the material itself is not always an indicator of benefit. For example, choosing multi-purpose resources can help reduce costs. The cost of a two-in-one hydro- and vapor barrier will ultimately be cheaper than purchasing two different types of insulation.

When making calculations, it should be assumed that finished building must be comfortable for living, comply with heat conservation and safety standards.

The advantages of a frame structure are lower time and labor costs for the construction of a building. The design is lightweight, does not create an increased load on the foundation and does not require its reinforcement

A dwelling using this technology can be built within a period of several weeks to several months, depending on whether the owner builds it himself or hires a team. Finished buildings are durable and resistant to deformation. The estimated service life is approximately 75 years.

Load-bearing structures are convenient for subsequent cladding with finishing materials, because all elements are unified. This significantly expands: siding can be mounted on the walls, cassette panels, block house. Sheathing increases the strength of the entire structure without significantly increasing its weight.

Video about the design

There are two main technologies, each of which has its own characteristics.

Frame-panel. How to build a house cheaper? Collected with my own hands. Of course, this will require skills and equipment. Thanks to this species construction, this is possible, although you will need to invest a lot of time and additional money in the purchase of insulation and other things. The frame is made of wood and covered with sandwich panels. Each part has to be installed separately, which affects the timing and complexity of construction.

Frame-panel. This option is expensive, but reliable and requires much less labor. The structure is assembled from ready-made panels, which are manufactured at the factory to special order. The panels are supplied already insulated and completely ready for assembly. If we compare the prices of panel boards and panel buildings, then the first ones are more expensive. However final cost may turn out to be the same if workers are invited to assemble frame-panel housing, because you have to pay for all types of work separately - assembly, cladding, thermal insulation, finishing.

The assembled wooden frame already looks like ready house. It only requires cladding and finishing. Steam and waterproofing materials are installed into the walls of the structure at the factory, which helps to increase the service life of the building

Undeniable advantages of the technology:

• Economical. Light weight is an obvious opportunity to save on the foundation, and short terms - on paying workers. It is believed that houses built using frame technology are the cheapest, but the efficiency largely depends on the area of ​​construction, the selected components, finishing, etc. Calculations by experienced engineers show that this is beneficial if the length of the building does not exceed 20 m and the number of storeys is 3. Often the design decides everything.
• High energy saving ratio. The structures warm up quickly and efficiently. The walls are made of materials with low thermal conductivity, so the structure retains heat well. The wall thickness can be 15-20 cm. Additional benefits include reduced heating costs compared to a conventional building of the same area.
• No shrinkage. The walls of the structure are strong, resistant to deformation, highly rigid, and the house itself does not shrink. This also has a positive effect on construction time: finishing work can begin immediately after the completion of the main work. The cladding does not require additional processing, which reduces finishing costs.

Disadvantages or things to consider:

• To assemble such a structure you need special knowledge and tools. The qualifications of the builders are of fundamental importance, so not every developer can do it himself, and the team will have to be carefully selected.
• Wooden frames require additional treatment with compounds for biological and fire protection.

When choosing a project, special attention should be paid to ventilation. Artificial materials provide excellent thermal insulation, but from the point of view of environmental safety they leave much to be desired. If the home is small, then theoretically you can get by with natural ventilation, but ideally, a normal air exchange system should be calculated and installed for it.

When installing frame structures, “wet” technologies are not used. This feature is a big plus, because... allows you to work at any time of the year

Tightness is one of the main advantages frame house, because serves as a guarantee of good thermal insulation. But she also has reverse side– violation of air exchange. To prevent human waste products, dust and other factors from worsening the microclimate in the building or reducing the amount of oxygen in the air, it is necessary to design a high-quality ventilation system

What to make it from:

• Tree. Despite all kinds of processing, wood is exposed to moisture and microorganisms. On average, such a frame lasts up to 60 years and is inferior to metal analogues in strength, lightness, and resistance to destructive environmental factors.
• Metal. A lightweight thermal profile is used for manufacturing. Its advantages are excellent fire resistance, light weight, and corrosion resistance. Metal parts not susceptible to attacks by fungi and mold. All this can increase the service life of structures to 100 years.

What would be cheaper to build from? When drawing up estimates, a wooden frame will have a clear advantage. However, if you “look into the future” and take into account the higher performance properties of the thermal profile, then its service life fully pays for the costs.

The foundation can be chosen tile, columnar or strip depending on the type of soil. You can save on an easy-to-install roof - gable or mansard. The choice is up to the developer.

Material on the construction of a veranda at a frame-type dacha may also be useful:

1 sq. m metal frame weighs 30-50 kg, with casing - about 200 kg. Small specific gravity a finished house allows it to be built on unstable soils. The profile is also used in the reconstruction of buildings with heavily worn load-bearing structures

Option #2 – brick construction

Brick is one of the most popular. Houses made from it can hardly be called cheap. The walls have to be made thick, plus they require additional insulation, which leads to an even greater increase in the cost of structures. The weight of the finished structure is large, so the foundation needs to be truly strong. It is done to the entire depth of soil freezing.

It's difficult to save money on it. The disadvantages include long, labor-intensive construction. However, the durability of the structures, their fire safety and practicality largely pay for the costs.

If you look at the prices for the construction of a high-quality building on the websites of specialized companies, you get the impression that the cost is low. However, even the price of turnkey construction does not include the finishing touches: installation of flooring, interior doors, plumbing fixtures, etc.

If you do all this yourself, then only the costs of purchasing materials should be added to the cost. If you need to hire workers, then also pay for their labor. Construction is profitable only if the owner of the site initially selected the project correctly and can carry out most of the work independently.

Video: about bricks for buildings

Option #3 – aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete block is a worthy competitor traditional brick. Building a box is significantly more profitable than erecting it. Wall thickness can be reduced by 1/3 without loss thermal insulation properties. The material itself is noticeably lighter, which allows for savings at the expense of the foundation. An additional “bonus” for the home owner is good sound insulation.

A dwelling made of aerated concrete blocks “breathes”; air exchange in it is not impaired, because through pores. However, for the same reason, blocks are considered not the best option in terms of waterproofing. If construction is carried out in violation of technology, finished design It may also be blown. You need to pay attention to the finishing.

As for the construction time, an aerated concrete structure can be erected 2-3 times faster than a brick one; it practically does not shrink. To connect the blocks, special adhesive compositions. In this case, it is undesirable to use the usual cement mortar, because it produces thick seams, which can cause the formation of “cold bridges”.

One of the disadvantages of aerated concrete blocks is their relatively low frost resistance, so you will have to take care high-quality finishing. The materials you can use are plaster, siding, stone

Option #4 – economical timber buildings

For the developer, timber is more profitable than anything else. If we compare timber and brick walls in terms of heat-saving properties, it turns out that a structure made of spruce 220 mm thick and a brick 600 mm thick will be equally warm. Usually for construction they take 200 mm timber, use 100 mm thick insulation and apply a layer of plaster from 20 mm.

Advantages of timber:

• efficiency;
• fast construction (built in a few weeks);
• simple technology;
• environmental Safety;
• excellent thermal insulation;
• comfortable microclimate;
• ease of construction.

If you are choosing what is cheaper to build a house from, then timber - a win-win. This is profitable, and the technology is simple, and almost any site owner can master it if he already has construction skills.

When building houses from timber, you need to carefully design heating and energy supply systems. The buildings are considered a fire hazard. Wood is also afraid of moisture, so it requires protection from dampness and fungus.

Compare prices per square meter

How and what is the cheapest way to build can be seen in the estimate figures. If the calculations are based on average indicators (soil freezing depth - 1.5 m, groundwater– 2.5 m, sandy loam soil), then you can determine the cost of construction of 1 square meter. Depending on the components, the numbers will be as follows:

• frame structure – 875 rubles;
• brick – 2330 rubles;
• aerated concrete – 2000 rubles;
• timber - 1900 rubles.

Review of popular materials - video

Obviously, a frame house will cost the developer the least. When finally deciding on a choice, you need to take into account all the features of the project, the soil, and the site itself. Payments for services are not included in the calculations construction crew. Hired labor is an additional (and considerable!) expense item.

When starting the construction of a house, the future owner must resolve many issues, the main one of which is what material to use for construction. The choice is influenced by many factors, both subjective and objective.

If for some developers the cost is not significant, then for others this parameter is decisive.

In the same way, future comfort and safety of living should be taken into account. This article discusses the features of various options for building a country house.

Basic options for building a house

Along with the cost factor of construction, the features of the building design, climatic conditions, appearance and speed of construction work should be taken into account.

Brick house

A brick house always has a spectacular appearance, but it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the choice of material. Brick products vary significantly in quality. For example, there are bricks that cannot be used in conditions of high humidity and temperature changes.

Houses made from such material will not last more than 15-20 years. But there is material from which houses will last more than 30 years.

The advantages of brick material are:

• durability;
• strength;
• increased noise and heat insulation;
• environmental friendliness and the possibility of a variety of interior decoration.

At the same time, such material is quite expensive, construction is possible only in the warm season, and the houses themselves take a long time to warm up and are afraid of dampness.

Houses made of aerated concrete and foam concrete

Cellular concrete is an artificial stone in which the pore cells are evenly distributed and filled with gas or foam bubbles. Unlike foam blocks, aerated concrete is more likely to accumulate moisture.

Blocks artificial stone easy to move, not subject to rotting and rust.

In comparison with brick material, foam blocks can withstand less load, so these materials are often used in combination - for load-bearing walls brick is used, and for interior walls– foam blocks with high thermal insulation properties.

Advantages of foam concrete:

• efficiency and fast pace of construction;
• higher noise and heat insulation compared to brick;
• the ability to conduct communications through the voids of blocks.

Such blocks are less durable, and in the cold season it is necessary to warm the house and provide protection from dampness.

Artificial stone must be covered with protective materials, and during the operation of the house, settlement and cracks may appear. In the latter case, a more powerful foundation and adherence to masonry technology are required.

A good solution for permanent residence are houses made of rubble stone. In summer, they are kept cool due to thick walls.

But if you live irregularly, additional heating costs will arise - heating a building with such walls is quite problematic.

Monolithic houses

Houses made of monolithic concrete are characterized by high strength. This material is used in the construction of higher-rise buildings. The advantages of such houses are:

• high speed of construction;
• slight shrinkage of the structure;
• strength and long service life;
• seismic resistance and the possibility of construction on difficult soil, in areas with increased risks floods;
• the ability to create original designs.

At the same time construction monolithic houses higher, in winter period it increases even more, including due to the use of special equipment. Such houses are characterized by low sound insulation, poor ventilation, and require additional insulation.

Modern frame houses

Frame-panel technologies are common in the construction of houses due to their low cost, high speed and ease of construction (assembly), as well as due to relatively good operating parameters and seismic stability.

In such houses, reinforced concrete or timber is used. Its purpose is to provide the structure with strong supporting and load-bearing structures. To ensure insulation, various insulation materials are used, which are subsequently covered with finishing materials.

Since frame houses are quite light and elastic, they do not require a strong foundation. The shrinkage will be insignificant, and therefore finishing can be done immediately after the construction of the structure.

Panel houses are built from ready-made panels, which are stuffed with special insulation materials. The outside of the house is finished with special façade-type tiles.

Significant disadvantages of frame houses include:

• low sound insulation and vibration insulation;
• possible voids in which pests may appear;
• destruction of insulation, which harms the health of residents.
• requirements for the height of the house - no more than 2 floors.

Construction of log houses

Wood is an environmentally friendly, radio- and magnetically transparent material, which is often used in the construction of houses. In summer, wood absorbs moisture in the air and dries it out.

And in winter, when it dries, it evaporates moisture, softening the indoor air. However, this effect persists for several years until the wood dries out and loses these properties. And increased moisture absorption can lead to damage to the material.

When a decision is made to build a house from rounded logs or profiled timber, it is necessary to plan additional processing of seams and joints after the wood has dried and shrinked.

A wooden house needs constant maintenance. It is necessary to permanently live in the building in order to heat it and dry it in a timely manner. Otherwise, the risk of rotting and mold and mildew increases. Therefore, the wood is treated with special antibacterial compounds, as well as fire-fighting solutions.

Wooden houses can be built on difficult soil and do not require a strong foundation. In addition, frost resistance and maintaining a stable temperature regime are ensured.

And the most important condition for ensuring long-term operation of the house is a high-quality roof with a high base, which will eliminate leakage and getting wet.

The considered advantages and disadvantages of various structural solutions for a house are decisive when choosing a construction method.

If you are planning a long-term stay, then you need to choose a stone structure with external insulation. The best solution for a bathhouse and a summer house is wooden beam. The choice is yours, taking into account your budget and desired layout.

Photos of the best private house buildings

Building your own home is not an easy task, and it’s not for lack of significant savings. This is an objective reason.

Many people are stopped by the fact that they do not know where to start building a house on their site. The variety of types of work, costs, documents, time, the risk of making a mistake and its possible consequences. Our goal is to provide information on how to step by step complete all stages of building a private house with your own hands. And the final decision is yours.

Individual housing construction - what is it?

Decoding the abbreviation individual housing construction- This is individual housing construction. Individual housing construction provides for the construction residential building on a privately owned plot of land.

Individual housing construction objects are: residential building, extension, superstructure, garage and other permanent buildings. Those. those buildings the construction of which requires permission from local authorities and, in some cases, the consent of neighbors.

Land plot is a territory that has clearly defined boundaries. At the same time, the surface layer of the earth is also considered private property. The depth of the layer is not prescribed at the legislative level. But it is worth remembering that when you are going to dig a well, you are acting within the framework of your interests. If you plan to drill artesian well, then you are encroaching on state property, which means its drilling must be approved and documented.

Plot for building a house

To start construction you need to have a certain budget and land plot. If there is no plot, and the budget allows, you can buy it.

What you need to pay attention to when choosing a site to build a house:

• personal interests. First of all, set the direction for the search. Perhaps there are memories associated with a certain place, or you want a plot near the water, or in the forest, etc.;

• location. More in demand are plots located within the city or at a distance of 10-15 km from it;

• plot dimensions. Affect the scale of construction. In construction, the proportion is 1:10. That is, on a plot of 6 acres it would be appropriate to build a house of 60 square meters. Whether or not to follow this recommendation is up to the owner of the plot, but in the event of a sale it significantly increases the liquidity of the property;

• availability of infrastructure. Even if complete privacy is planned, it is desirable that there be several more buildings located on the development territory, a medical center, a store, a school, etc. This is especially important if the house is intended for a family with children and is planned for year-round living;

• proximity to transport. It is important for car owners to evaluate the quality of access roads and the presence/condition of asphalt pavement. So as not to end up in a situation where, in order to get home, you need to change your car to another one with a higher ground clearance. For those who do not have a car, proximity to public transport is desirable;

• availability of communications. Is it possible to connect to central heating, water supply, sewerage. Are power lines connected to the site? Owners of plots in newly created satellite villages often face this situation;

• state of ecology in the area. It may turn out that living here is fraught negative consequences(proximity of hazardous production);

• soil type. The choice of foundation and the possibility of constructing a well depend on it. In practice, it may turn out that this soil is generally not suitable for the construction of heavy objects. Those., summer house or you can put a small dacha on it, and build two-storey house with an attic - unrealistic.

• market value of the plot. It is determined by all parameters together. The final price will depend on the owners of the site and your ability to bargain reasonably.

Advice. Having decided on a plot, do not be lazy to check the legal purity of the documents and the compliance of the actual dimensions of the plot with the dimensions indicated in the cadastral passport. You may be sold territory that actually belongs to someone else.

The situation with the site can develop according to two scenarios:

Firstly, permanent buildings may already be located on the site. A fairly common situation is the acquisition of a plot of land with an already built house. Now we're talking about not about its restoration, but about its demolition. The advantage of such a site is that the main communications are connected to it. In this case, in addition to the above parameters, you need to check the legality of communications.

Secondly, the site may not be developed. We will pay attention to this option.

Where to start building a house on an empty lot?

1. Decide on the style of the plot/house

The appearance of the building, its location, the choice of material, etc. will depend on the design.

The size of the house depends on the number of people permanently living in it. The house can be made into several floors, thus it is possible to obtain sufficient space, but not at the expense of developing the site.

Note. If you plan to dig a well, you need to immediately call the experts who will tell you where the water is. Perhaps the only place on the site where the aquifer is close to the surface will be exactly the place where it was planned to place the house. By the way, in this case, you need to talk with your neighbors and find out what quality the water is in the area.

Self-construction country house It will be easier because there is no need, for example, for heating.

2. When to start building a house?

It is better to start construction work as soon as it gets warmer - i.e. in early spring. There will be six months of good weather at your disposal. In practice, the best time to start construction is late spring. More precisely, the period when the night temperature does not drop below +5°C. At this time of year, not only will the snow melt, but also the water will leave, interfering with digging a pit or making a foundation. In addition, in warm weather, labor productivity is much higher.

Note. You should not expect to complete the construction of a house in one season. According to standards, only the foundation must survive for 1 year. And, for example, construction brick house differs in time from the construction of a frame house. So, conservation of unfinished construction is inevitable (with the exception of prefabricated houses).

3. What material should the house be built from?

The choice will be influenced by: the period of operation of the house (for permanent residence or only in the summer), budget, environmental requirements, fashion, the ability to complete the work quickly with the involvement of specialists or with your own hands. Let's consider several options:

• . A common material for construction. The undoubted advantage of a brick house is its time-tested service life;

• . In terms of price/quality ratio, foam concrete occupies an advantageous position. The foam block, made of durable cellular concrete, due to air bubbles has good performance thermal conductivity and light weight;

• . This material is durable, lightweight, has high thermal conductivity and breathability, and is easy to process. Construction with aerated concrete does not impose any special requirements on the construction of the foundation;

• . It is practiced less frequently due to the high cost of the material. Arbolite blocks are a type of lightweight concrete, consisting of a mixture of cement and crushed wood (chips). Characterized by low water absorption and high thermal insulation properties;

• frame or modular construction. Feature in stock modular designs. They are cheaper, and the work is completed in a short time. This structure is lightweight and therefore does not require significant foundation costs;

• construction wooden house. In terms of cost and manufacturability of work, it belongs to the category of luxury construction:

Do not forget that any building material has both advantages and disadvantages that need to be eliminated.

What to build a permanent home from?

Brief Comparative characteristics materials for cottage construction in the table (approximate prices for 2016-2017). Which one is better is up to you to decide.

Material	Arbolit	Frame construction	Beam/log
Cost, rub/m3	from 000	From 000 sq.m. area	From 8 000
Construction period	4-6 months	1-2 months	3-4 months
Construction start time	End of spring	all-season	The beginning of spring
Advantages	- speed; - reliability; - thermal conductivity.	- speed; - no shrinkage; - light weight.	- speed; - environmental friendliness; - no need for finishing.
Flaws	- price; - need for finishing; - presence of counterfeit.	- price; - additional finishing; - risk of fire; - low noise insulation.	- shrinkage is possible; - drying of wood; - the need to attract specialists.

4. Who will build the house?

The solution to this issue involves choosing from three options:

The work is entrusted to the general contractor

This is a company that undertakes to deliver a turnkey project. The set of services includes everything from site assessment and project development to finishing work. Searching and delivering material is also their responsibility. The general contractor may involve subcontractors. But he must invest within the agreed time frame and budget.

The work is done entirely by hand

It is worth mentioning that it is almost impossible for one person to build a house. This implies the involvement of assistants from among friends and relatives, at least one of whom knows the procedure for performing work of a certain type. This option allows you to save up to 20% on the cost of materials (often contractors include their interest in the cost of the purchased material), as well as up to 100% on the cost of work. In addition, full control over the construction process is exercised.

Disadvantages of the do-it-yourself approach:

• increase in construction period;

• lack of knowledge and experience in performing this or that type of work;

• difficulties in obtaining design and permitting documentation;

• responsibility for the result of construction.

Some are done in-house and some are done by subcontractors.

The most common and real way. In this case, the owner performs independently that part of the work that he is able to do, and specialists are brought in for the remaining tasks. At the same time, the customer, being on the construction site, can quickly assess the quality of work.

But this approach is fraught with disadvantages:

• searching for highly specialized companies takes a lot of time, and the cost of their services is higher. As a rule, they turn to handicraftsmen (shabashniks), but there is no confidence in the quality of the work;

• complete control over the progress of work. If the owner unknowingly missed some point in the construction, no one will point out the mistake. Hired people do their part of the work and leave;

• violation of deadlines. There may be some part of the work that was not completed on time. Because of this, the construction of a cottage with your own hands will have to be suspended, which is fraught with additional payments and loss of time;

• shared responsibility. When a marriage occurs, it is difficult to find the culprit. For example, tilers will blame the mason or plasterer for crooked walls, or the floor was poured incorrectly. And there are many such examples.

Note. Users advise hiring craftsmen who will do the next stage of work and evaluate the work of the previous ones. This way they take responsibility for their part of the work.

5. Budget for building a house

After all of the above, it makes sense to reconsider the construction budget.

What increases construction costs:

• individually developed project;
• complex structure configuration;
• the presence of balconies, basements, winter garden, garage, swimming pool, sauna, etc.;
• a significant number of rooms;
• broken roof;
• use of unreasonably expensive materials in construction.

What reduces the cost (what to save on):

• ready-made standard project;
• simple form of structure;
• refusal of the second floor in favor of the attic (subjective);
• the presence of a significant number of windows;
• reduction of partitions;
• reasonable choice of foundation type;
• reasonable thickness of external and internal walls;
• choosing a roof configuration that allows rational use of lumber and minimizing waste of roofing material.

Cost ratio for building a house

Work cycle	Contents of the cycle	% of total costs
Preparatory	- preparation of documents; - search for contractors; - purchase or development of a project.	0-1
Null	- digging a pit; - pouring the foundation.	15-35 (depending on the type of foundation)
Elementary	civil works: - construction of walls; - installation of rafter system and roofing; - conservation of unfinished buildings if necessary.	35-50 (depending on the number of partitions, roof configuration and cost of roofing material)
Final	- filling window and door openings.	5-15 (depending on number, area, material)
Engineering work	- laying of intra-house communications and their connection to central networks; - installation of electrical wiring; - plumbing work; - heating and insulation.	15

At this point the planning stage is over, it’s time to move on to direct action.

The beginning of work on a site with dilapidated buildings includes the demolition of old buildings and clearing of debris from the area. The demolition of the building must be reported to the local BTI and a document must be obtained confirming the exclusion of the demolished house from the federal register.

If the house was connected to communications, you need to coordinate their disconnection before demolition with the relevant services, for example, the gas service. It's easier when the site is empty.

In this case, the sequence of work can be presented step by step:

Step 1 - Private house project

As already mentioned, there can be three ways to acquire projects.

Firstly, buy finished project. The cost of a house project depends on its complexity and uniqueness. The price starts from 3,000 rubles.

Secondly, contact an architect. Development cost individual project starts from 20 thousand rubles. At the same time, carrying out the project and author’s control over its implementation in practice is paid additionally.

Third, develop the project yourself. How to develop a house project yourself without sufficient knowledge? Based on the example provided below.

Even in the fairy tale of the three little pigs, the most important and always relevant idea is raised about the correct choice of building material for the house. A fairy tale is a fairy tale, but many of us, like the heroes of the famous work, want to build a strong reliable home with minimal effort. However, today it is quite possible to do this thanks to the development construction technologies. However, various wall materials so much that the developer has to really rack his brains when deciding what material is best to build a house from. Brick, aerated concrete, wood, sandwich panels - which is better, more reliable, more durable and warmer?

The costs of erecting the walls of a house account for up to 40% of the cost of all work, so it is so important to weigh the numerous pros and cons of each material in order to accept the only correct solution. It is also necessary to take into account the seasonality of living in the house, requirements for thermal insulation, the cost of fuel used for heating, as well as the labor intensity of the work and the budget allocated for construction. Today there are a lot of materials for building a house - finding the one that most accurately meets your needs is not a problem.

No. 1. Wooden house

The most conservative and traditional material for the construction of a house - wood. Its undeniable advantages include:

Minuses:

• high fire hazard, even though special impregnations are used in the production of timber today;
• wood is sensitive to humidity and pests, they are also trying to combat this, but without constant care the material will be constantly damaged;
• shrinkage;
• high price.

Glued laminated timber

No. 2. Brick house

Another classic and time-tested material for building a house is. Despite the appearance of mass alternative materials, he will stay the most popular material for the construction of low-rise private houses, and there are many reasons for this.

pros:

• high durability and strength;
• inertia, insects and;
• fire resistance;
• the material is breathable;
• brick allows you to turn a project of any complexity into reality.

Minuses:

For the construction of a 2- or 3-story house A brick of strength M100 or M125 is enough, But ground floor It is better to build from M150-M175 bricks. It is also necessary to take into account the frost resistance of the brick, which is determined by the cycles of freezing and defrosting that the material can withstand without losing its basic properties. If for warm regions it is quite possible to use F15-30 brick, then for middle zone It is better to take material with frost resistance F50, and for the most severe regions - F100. After the house is built, it is given some time to dry. Brick walls, as a rule, they are trimmed.

Based on filling, bricks are divided into:

For the construction of walls, only two types of bricks are used:

• silicate (white).

Ideally, it is better to build from ceramic bricks of plastic formation. It is made from high-quality clay by extrusion. Ceramic brick dry and semi-dry formation due to the high precision of the geometry is mainly used for cladding. It is characterized by durability, good sound insulation and strength.

Sand-lime brick produced on the basis of sand and lime, it is cheaper than ceramic, but more fragile, has a small variety, lower thermal insulation and low moisture resistance.

No. 3. Houses made of cellular concrete

Lightweight concrete blocks are the most promising material for building a house of all those existing in the world. this moment. Of all stone materials cellular concrete is different best performance on thermal insulation. Due to the fact that the block is large in size (replaces 17-20 single bricks), the construction of buildings is carried out quickly. In terms of strength and durability, the material is practically not inferior to brick. TO cellular concrete include aerated concrete, foam concrete,, But greatest distribution We purchased the first two in private construction.

House made of aerated concrete (aerated block)

House made of cinder concrete

No. 4. Frame house

No. 5. Houses made of reinforced concrete panels

Another option rapid construction– technology for constructing houses from ready-made factory ones. A low-rise house can be built in a few days! The technology is reminiscent of that which was so actively used in the Soviet Union for the rapid construction of millions of square meters of housing.

pros:

Minuses:

• a solid foundation is needed;
• a small number of offers on the market (few companies cast slabs for the created project - usually elements of typical sizes are manufactured);
• such a house “does not breathe”;
• Concrete does not hold heat well.

When you need to quickly build a reliable and durable house of decent size, this is one of the best options, especially since today it is possible to cast panels of strictly required shapes and sizes in order to erect a building according to.

When choosing material for building a house, it is important to take into account the climate, the type of soil, the future heating system, and many other factors. But even the highest quality building materials can disappoint if construction technology is violated or the foundation is laid incorrectly, so these points should be given no less importance.