In the lighting market, LEDs are rapidly gaining popularity. The world's leading LED lighting companies keep the price bar at a high level, which makes their products quite expensive for Russian buyers. The production of LEDs in Russia is only gaining momentum. Let's figure out how LEDs are produced, look at the production technologies and the companies that are engaged in this.
Each company hides its technological process behind a curtain of trade secrets. Therefore, it will not be possible to fully reveal the features of creation, however, we will try to give general concepts of production. The whole process is divided into stages. Let's see what these stages are and analyze each of them in more detail.
At this stage, a crystal substrate is taken (most often artificial sapphire is used), placed in a special sealed chamber.
The chamber is filled with gas mixtures of the desired composition and heating begins. This process is called pyrolysis. As a result, a crystalline film with a thickness of several microns grows on the crystal substrate.
Sort chips by category
This stage is called sorting, since previously created chips from a single substrate have a non-uniform structure. Chips differ in more than 150 parameters, but there are three main signs of separation:
- by the maximum wavelength of radiation;
- by voltage and power.
Chips are divided into groups with the most suitable parameters. This allows you to achieve the maximum similarity of the manufactured products.
Creation of LED products
There is a selection of special optical ones made of silicone, plastic or glass. Phosphor can be added at discretion. The LED and each LED are assembled on special test benches.
For more information on LED manufacturing, sorting by category, and LED-based product creation, watch this video:
Manufacturing in Russia
Despite the fact that Russian technologies are lagging behind European ones, the production of LED products is spreading throughout the regions of Russia.
The LED industry in Russia is characterized by two points:
- enterprises that carry out a full cycle of LED production;
- enterprises that assemble LEDs from imported chips and raw materials.
Since the LED industry in Russia is just beginning to gain momentum, enterprises with a full cycle of LED production are quite rare. Basically, Russian manufacturers of led products work with imported raw materials.
Famous LED manufacturers
The global LED industry, like any other, has its own leaders. Among the companies that hold leading positions in the manufacture and sale of LED products, there are five most popular:
- Nichia Corporation is a Japanese company. Sells phosphors of various colors. Also develops a line of laser light emitting diodes.
- Samsung LED is a South Korean manufacturer of led products. Main field of activity: manufacture and sale of artificial sapphire substrates. Engaged in scientific research and development.
- Osram Opto Semiconductors is a leading German semiconductor company. The main import product of the company is LEDs.
- LG Innotek - develops led components. LG components are used to create optical sensors and laser light emitting diodes.
- Seoul Semiconductor is a Korean company that specializes in the production of led devices. The production product is housings for light emitting diodes.
Russian manufacturers of LED products
All companies in the Russian market of the LED industry are divided into two types:
Companies with a full production cycle.
These include:
- Optogan, St. Petersburg;
- CJSC "Svetlana-LED", St. Petersburg;
- ZAO Planeta-SID, Veliky Novgorod.
Companies with partial use of imported raw materials.
These include:
- OOO TD "Focus" Fryazino, Moscow region;
- MGK "Lighting Technologies", Ryazan;
- "Planar Svetotekhnika", St. Petersburg.
The Russian market is just undergoing a stage of formation, so the high price of equipment for the production of LEDs slows down the development of this industry.
Conclusion
The production of LEDs in Russia is only at the stage of formation and development, the existing companies can be counted on one hand. Most of the raw materials are purchased from abroad. But, in spite of everything, Russian companies are rapidly developing in this direction and will soon become a worthy competitor to foreign manufacturers.
