Entrance to the site with a downward slope. Methods for arranging the entrance to the site through a ditch of different widths. What is the cost of construction work on a driveway through a drainage ditch?

Still at the construction planning stage country house and arrangement garden territory it is necessary to provide for the possibility of access to the construction site for construction equipment and trucks. Majority land areas for private properties, they require the construction of a drainage ditch to drain the soil, and therefore the question of how to enter a site through a ditch is quite relevant for many. Problems with the drive-in arrangement can also arise if there is a lot of terrain and there is a desire to have an underground garage.

Entry to the site through a ditch without disturbing the drainage of adjacent areas

If the soil of the site becomes waterlogged, the soil must be drained by installing a drainage ditch along the street. In this case, the entrance will have to be constructed without damaging the natural flow of groundwater, melt and rainwater.

A simple entry device over the drainage channel

The water channel under the road can be made of:

iron concrete pipes;
reinforced concrete trays;
metal pipes;
plastic corrugated pipes.

Reinforced concrete products are strong, but heavy. They require the use of construction equipment during installation. Metal pipes are also quite heavy. Plastic ones are lightweight; a person can even handle them when placing them in a ditch alone. Reinforced concrete products and metal pipes I can be used, which will reduce the cost of organizing travel.

Option to enter the yard

How to make a simple entrance to the site through a ditch:

Work begins when there is no water in the ditch. Along the future drive, part of the fertile soil layer is removed.
Placed at the bottom of the ditch sand cushion, level and compact.
If the driveway width is 6 m, lay a pipe at least 8 m long. Diameter depends on quantity drainage water. On average, pipes from 300 to 500 mm in diameter are taken, taking into account their filling with water by ¼, otherwise in the spring flood waters can flood areas without breaking through ice plug.
The pipe is being filled up sand and gravel mixture. You can backfill in two layers, sand down, gravel on top, laying geotextiles between them. Do the same wherever the soil layer is removed.
A layer of crushed stone is laid on top. All layers are carefully compacted.
Preferably finishing layer perform concreting. Without side restraints and concreting, the road will slide under the wheels of heavy vehicles.

Used metal drainage pipe

Design of passage through a ditch with retaining walls

It is safer to concrete the pipe on both sides, limiting the road with retaining walls that can protrude above the level of the road or be flush with it.

Here is a procedure on how to make the entrance to the site not only more durable, but also attractive:

After the pipe is laid (see points 1, 2 and 3 above), formwork is made on both sides (possibly sequentially) for a concrete head. It is recommended to strengthen the retaining walls with a welded reinforcement frame.
Concrete is poured, preferably grade M400, and allowed to dry for at least a day, after which the formwork is removed.
Sand, gravel and crushed stone are poured over the pipe. The heads will not allow the crushed stone to move apart and there is no need to cover it with anything. In this case, it is better to take not white (lime) crushed stone, but granite.
If desired, you can perform on top of crushed stone concrete screed, put road slabs or pave the entrance with paving stones, natural stone, lumber.

Reinforced concrete pipe, concrete head and backfilling of ASG

The slope can be positive or negative: up or down from the road. In any case, sufficient adhesion of the web to the wheels should be ensured to ensure safety.

Arrival device for an upward slope from the road using the ramp principle

If the terrain has a slight slope or the construction of an underground garage is planned, the entrance can be conveniently made in the form of a car ramp. A slight slope - up to 25%, i.e. For every 1 m of distance, the height difference is less than 25 cm, and before parking the car, the slope should decrease down to a horizontal surface.

To properly drive onto a site with a slope, you need to think carefully and execute next steps construction:

Excavation. Markings are made, after which part of the soil is cut off in the form of steps.
The sides are reinforced with retaining walls (for an underground garage). To do this, formwork is assembled, reinforcement is installed in the form of a frame and concrete is poured. If the slope is small and the car does not need to be lowered to the minus first floor, the edges of the road can be fenced off with a concrete curb.
Cover the driveway surface with a layer of crushed stone, about 15 cm thick. Compact it.
The descent (ascent) is concreted with a layer of high-quality concrete at least 12 cm thick. The solution must be viscous to prevent the concrete from slipping during the drying process. Dry slowly, moistening the surface from time to time.
Finishing. Paving with paving stones, ribbed paving slabs or other non-slip material, followed by compaction.

Slight upward slope at the entrance

Choice of coverage

Entry zone for any suburban area is subjected to the most intense wear, which causes increased requirements for its coating. The choice of material for it should be made taking into account the availability of personal transport, the expected arrival of vehicles, and the possibility of their parking.

Coverage should be sufficient strong, durable, resistant to climate impacts in different seasons, frost-resistant, resistant to prolonged exposure to sunlight. There should be no puddles left on it after rain and it should not become limp during the inclement off-season.

Coverage of the entrance area can be of two types - economical simple And hard, increased strength. In the first case, it is a leveled and compacted soil with a bulk layer that has drainage capabilities - sand, crushed stone, gravel.

Particular attention is paid to hard coating, which can have the following varieties:

Monolithic concrete covering performed by pouring the solution. Subject to technology, it has high strength and reliability, which compensates for the fairly high cost. A disadvantage is the constant formation of concrete dust due to frequent vehicle traffic.
Concrete slab covering. Unlike the previous version, it has joining seams that can be destroyed, which over time leads to disruption of the road's smoothness.
Asphalt. This material will cost much less than cement, but it is very difficult to manually apply it efficiently. If it is possible to attract special equipment(skating rink), then asphalt pavement will ensure that all requirements are met.
Paving stones or paving slabs . This is a fairly strong and durable coating that has an attractive appearance, and therefore harmonizes with general design plot. However, its cost is quite high, and masonry requires a lot of time and specific skills.
Wooden flooring. Wood is susceptible to rotting and does not have a long service life, but its sufficient strength, availability and low cost make it a popular material in the manufacture of flooring for trenches and ditches.

The choice of coating material largely depends on financial opportunities owner. In simple farms it often fits sand layer, but concrete pouring is the most popular.

Regulatory Requirements

In addition to the convenience of owners and appearance, the entrance device to the site must comply with SNiP standards, which ensure minimum requirements for safety and do not cause interference to other people.

The following standardized parameters are distinguished:

the width of the driveway must be at least 4-4.5 m;
at the junction of the entrance to the main road, a widening of at least 8-8.5 is provided, which ensures a turn with a radius of at least 5 m;
When organizing drainage, a pipe with a diameter of more than 30 cm and a length of more than 4.5 m is used in the roadway ditch;
the slope of the pipe under the roadway must coincide with the slope of the trench;
the entrance at the junction with the road must have a level that matches the level of the roadway.

The owner of the site himself determines the design of the entrance, but at the same time he should not worsen the traffic capacity of the road and not plan to park a personal car on it. If the site is part of a gardening partnership, then the arrangement of the entrance must take into account the rules established in it.

How to make an entrance through a drainage ditch?

The entrance to the site should not block drainage system, which means you can’t just fill the ditch. Drainage is maintained by laying a pipe with a diameter of 30-50 cm depending on the volume of water drained. You can use metal, plastic, reinforced concrete and asbestos-cement products.

Arrangements for check-in are provided in the following order:

For the entire width of the entrance, soil is removed from the bottom of the ditch to a depth of 15-20 cm, and the surface is compacted.
A cushion of sand and crushed stone 30-40 cm thick is poured into the recessed area and thoroughly compacted.
The pipe is laid so that it protrudes from each side by at least 50 cm. For example, with an entrance width of 5 m, the length of the pipe should be at least 6 m. It is recommended to attach a mesh to the ends of the pipe to prevent excessive clogging.
A mixture of sand and crushed stone is poured over the pipe. The thickness of the layer is at least 30 cm. Everything is carefully compacted.
Arrangement of the entrance through the drainage system completes the formation of the coating.

Entry to the site through a drainage ditch increased strength done using concrete walls. This design is built as follows:

Operations before laying the pipe and the laying itself are carried out similarly to the above method.
After laying the pipe, formwork is installed on both sides, the height of which corresponds to or slightly exceeds the height of the ditch.
It is installed in the formwork with a diameter of 12-14 mm.
The reinforcing walls are being poured. The width of the concrete tape is 15-20 cm.
After the concrete has completely hardened, the formwork is dismantled.
On top of the pipe, the entire space between the concrete walls is filled with a mixture of sand and crushed stone.

When constructing these entrances, the pipe is laid parallel to the bottom of the ditch, i.e. has a similar slope. After backfilling the pipe, water should not leak through the constructed embankment.

How to arrange a race from sleepers?

If the ditch before entering the site is wide enough, then you will have to decking - bridge. One of the simplest and cheapest options is to use railway wooden sleepers. They are already impregnated with special anti-putrefactive composition and are able to withstand moisture.

It should be noted that they do not have sufficient strength for the movement of loaded freight vehicles. In addition, sleepers (especially used ones) have specific smell, intensifying in the sun.

Attractive in such material cheap and easy to install with your own hands. It must be taken into account that during the season when the soil is very wet, the sleepers tend to diverge. To exclude such a phenomenon, they should securely fasten together.

Covering with reinforced concrete slab

Arranging a drive through a ditch and covering it with a reinforced concrete slab is quick, but requires significant costs. The strength of such an overlap allows you to drive any transport. The main disadvantage is heavy weight, which requires attraction truck crane.

Problems can arise if the ditch walls are weak and cannot support the weight of the slab. In this case, you will have to install supports. The most common option is concrete supporting walls on both sides. To do this, formwork is installed, steel reinforcement is laid and concrete is poured. The gap between such a support and the ditch wall is filled with sand and crushed stone with compaction.

Entry device on a slope

Access to a site is often complicated by the presence of an upward or downward slope.

In this case, it is necessary to prevent spontaneous movement of the car and increase the adhesion of its wheels to the road.

The most common way to arrange such an entrance is use of the ramp principle with a maximum inclination of 23-24 degrees.

The production of the entrance ramp is carried out in the following order:

The soil on the surface is cut off to form steps.
On the sides, the entrance is limited by concrete walls (curbs). To do this, formwork is installed, reinforcing mesh is installed and concrete is poured.
Crushed stone is poured between the curbs in a layer 12-18 cm thick, forming the required slope and thoroughly compacting it.
The entrance surface is filled with concrete with a thickness of at least 10 cm.

If desired, you can put it on top finishing coating. One of the most attractive options is paving slabs.

Procedure for concrete work

One of the most reliable and available ways arrangement of the entrance surface - pouring concrete. In this way, both the entrance itself and the parking area are made. When carrying out concreting, the following order is observed:

The soil is removed to a depth of 30 cm, and the bottom is compacted.
A cushion of sand and crushed stone 25-35 cm thick is filled with compaction.
A finished steel reinforcing mesh is laid on top of the pillow or a reinforcing layer of steel reinforcement with a diameter of at least 8-10 mm laid in the form of a grid with cells no larger than 20-25 cm in size.
A solution is prepared from cement grade no lower than M300 (1 part), sand (3 parts) and crushed stone (3-4 parts).
Poured concrete mortar at least 12-15 cm thick with careful compaction. The surface is leveled and checked.

On concrete surface There should be no depressions in which water will accumulate. The entrance is made with a slight slope from the center line to drain sedimentary moisture.

Alternative solutions

When significant problems are revealed alternative ways their decisions. With a large slope angle, the entrance will have to be provided along a curved trajectory, which will help to gradually reduce the magnitude of the height difference. If the area in front of the site does not allow this, then an elongated entrance is built, running parallel to the site. There is a turning area in front of the gate.

Too large ditches and uneven areas sometimes have to be bypassed by entering from the rear side of the site. On the front side, only a small bridge is being built and a gate is installed for entry on foot.

Events for organizing check-in

Arrangement of the entrance to the site is the first and important step in arranging the site, without which you should not proceed construction work(see:) and landscaping. The work is organized in the following order:

familiarization with the norms of SNiP and the rules of a gardening organization;
definition optimal location arrival at the site, taking into account the topography of the adjacent territory and the location of the main road;
development of an entry project, selection of arrangement options;
site preparation, debris removal, maximum leveling;
Carrying out work on the arrangement of the entrance.

When planning events, you should immediately determine the location of the transport stop in front of the gate and a place for long-term parking of cars. It is necessary to take into account not only a personal car, but also the possible arrival of guests and special equipment.

The normal functioning of a suburban area is impossible without correct device entry to it. It can be arranged different ways, but it is necessary to ensure reliability, durability, and most importantly - safety. All work can be done with your own hands, for which you need to take into account regulatory requirements And general rules their implementation.

It often happens that the only convenient entrance to a site is blocked by a drainage or drainage ditch. This creates additional difficulties in the construction of the driveway and complicates landscaping and decking work. road surface. Today we will share the main tricks for driving through a ditch.

Terrain reconnaissance - what we are dealing with

A ditch next to a site, be it a drainage trench or a natural stream, is always part of a larger complex system responsible for the hydrogeological balance of waters over a fairly large area. Failure to operate this system almost always and quite quickly leads to flooding and soaking of the soil, including its supporting layers. It is in your interests to carry out such structures competently and in accordance with technical regulations.

It is necessary to transfer the profile of the ditch to scale onto the sketch, reflecting the gentleness of the slopes and the topography of the adjacent territory. Based on the two highest points from which the descent begins, the width of the ditch is determined, and the difference between the line connecting these points and the bottom of the ditch is conventionally taken as the height. Don’t make a mistake in your calculations: usually under one or both banks there are dumps of soil, over the years under open air turned into gentle ramparts. You need to start from the plane of the adjacent territory, without taking into account the “swells” in front of and behind the ditch.

If the stream is natural, one bank may be lower than the other, while each remains in its own plane. In this situation, it will be necessary to artificially raise the lower level by embankment. Note that the methods we describe are suitable for constructing passages through a ditch up to 2.5 meters deep and 5-6 meters wide; larger ditches require an individual and professional approach.

Ground leveling and ditch clearing

The passage width can be up to four meters (for trucks), while one meter on each side is left as protective zones that do not bear the operational load. In general, the width of the area that will be subject to planning is 6 meters, which correlates well with standard length used for drainage pipes.

The first planning task is to give the ditch a constant profile across the entire width of the passage, eliminating bends and narrowings. The trench at the passage site should take the shape of an inverted trapezoid with a flat bottom, from 40 cm to a meter wide, depending on the diameter of the pipe used. To prevent the pipe from being sucked into the ground, the bottom is deepened with a rectangular pit 250 mm deep to install an incompressible backfill.

It is almost always necessary to widen the ditch—to trim the walls; the soil from the dump is used to level the adjacent area. If the difference between the bank levels is up to 20-30 cm, leveling can only be done with excavated soil. If more - upper layer the embankment should consist of quartzite crushed stone of a fraction of 30-35 mm and be at least 1 cm thick. It is better to dump the removed black soil separately and save it until landscaping begins.

Construction of a channel for water flow

The protective zones on the sides of the passage need to be expanded by making half-meter cuts into the walls of the ditch. They must be dug up to the highest point of the bank along the very edge of the embankment, and if the ditch is more than 5 meters wide, with an additional 0.5 meter approach to flat areas.

The pit at the bottom is filled with road crushed stone of a fraction of up to 50 mm, and the cuts are also partially filled with it to give the inclined trenches a constant depth of at least 60 cm.

A flow channel is laid across the passage across its entire width, the lower edge of which is at the same level as the bottom of the ditch or below it. Typically the channel is made of a steel pipe with a cross-section from 300 to 500 mm, preferably lined. The outside of the pipe must be either primed and painted, or coated bitumen mastic. Ends steel pipes due to their small cross-section, they must be equipped with a removable welded grille with a cell size of no more than 150 mm to protect against clogging.

The wider the channel, the lower the probability of its silting, but with a lumen diameter of 600 mm or more, such a pipe can even be considered serviceable. Large cross-section channels are best made from reinforced concrete rings with a quarter lock. With the same success, you can lay concrete U-shaped boxes (inverted trays), which are used in the construction of heating mains.

Road drainage pipes, corrugated with stiffening ribs, or the most durable HDPE for main pipelines are also suitable. Remember that the width of the channel used determines the geometry of the ditch profile at the planning stage: the bottom of the “trapezoid” should be 30-40 cm wider than the pipe. Also note that even with a significant slope of the ditch, the flow pipe is laid strictly horizontally, and the difference in levels is compensated by the increased diameter.

How to make an embankment and how to protect it from erosion

The purpose of the “cuts” at the edges of the protective zones is to protect the embankment of the roadway from being squeezed out. Stone-lined sides are used as stops for the embankment, sand-lime brick or cast reinforced concrete with a slab thickness of 70-80 mm.

The formwork is constructed in such a way that the edge of the channel protrudes beyond it by 100 mm on each side. It is often easier to fill the bottom of the ditch with a sand and gravel mixture to level and hide the pipe, and then install the sides.

The board should protrude 150-200 mm above the highest point (banks). The top of the sides is the starting point for the construction of the road surface and bedding pie; as a result, the surface should be 50-100 mm higher than the adjacent territory. After installing the sides, the trench inside must be filled with crushed stone to a level 250 mm below the upper edges.

Next, with an indentation of 80 cm inward from the sides, two curb stones up to 100 mm wide are cast (laid). To create a chamfer on the edge, you can put a glazing bead on the formwork, which makes it quite easy to level the mixture.

The border separates the flowerbed on the side of the road, so that the resulting space can immediately be filled to the top with black soil. It is optimal if the length of the curbs corresponds to the length of the sides, that is, two small trenches were previously dug along the entire length of the driveway. In this case, it is better to close the ends of the flower beds at an acute angle for more convenient entry with a turn.

We improve the arrival - materials and equipment

For the construction of the roadway, a rectangular recess was created with curbs on the sides and a total depth of 250 mm. Of these, 100 mm are filled with finer crushed stone, which is compacted well and spilled with water several times. At the same time, the lower layers of the embankment also sink, so quartzite must be added periodically until the shrinkage disappears. In the remaining 150 mm, a layer of asphalt concrete or paving slabs can be laid on a 20 mm backfill of granite screenings.

The resulting driveway is completely protected from subsidence; accordingly, it can be paved with anything at all or simply left in bulk. It is much more important to properly design the flower beds and adjacent parts of the ditch. Flowers or lawn grass. Adjacent sections of the ditch of 2.5-3 meters each need to strengthen the slopes.

They should be planted moisture-loving plants, mainly shrubs with a dense branched root system: irises, willow or rose hips, you can also sow creeping herbs or create a hedge. Landscaping these places will not only protect the slopes from erosion, but will also visually smooth out the topography and get rid of unpleasant dampness.

Let's look at how to competently make a durable and practical ride on country cottage area through the drainage ditch, sequentially, noting the main stages:

1) At the very beginning, a pillow is poured. As bulk material For the base of the drive, crushed stone is taken, the bottom of the ditch is first cleaned and prepared.

Such a cushion is poured to support concrete pipes, which should not sink into the ground under their own weight and the weight of the laying materials located above. The pipe is taken to be a double-walled plastic corrugated pipe, with dimensions of 0.46/6 m and a concrete pipe of 0.5 m/2.5 m.

Plastic pipe today is made according to modern technologies and is absolutely in no way inferior to concrete in terms of its strength characteristics, and the calculation is based on the load of passage of construction technical vehicles.

2.) We install a couple of retaining walls along the edges so that running streams of water do not erode our bulk materials and destroy the artificial driveway. As bulk materials the protruding elements are sand and granite screenings.

Before installing them, you need to mount correct formwork, With geometric point vision. A double mesh made of reinforcement is installed, and then we fill it all with concrete mortar.

You can take solutions of the following brands:

M200;
M250;
M300.

3.) From 3 to 7 days, the concrete solution will remain in the formwork and harden. After this time, it becomes strong and durable, acquires the required form to serve for many years.

The air temperature when pouring concrete should be at least +5 degrees. It is recommended to carry out filling work in summer, autumn or spring. In some cases, concrete is poured at -5 degrees, but only with the use of special winter mixtures.

4.) We fill the distance between the retaining walls with crushed stone, of course, after implementation dismantling works formwork. Crushed stone is poured to the level of the top pipe, and geotextiles are laid on top. He creeps to bulk sand or the screenings were not washed away by rain and melted snow waters.

A month later, after completion of all stages of work, the materials used shrink a little. And you can put into operation and safely use the entrance through the drainage ditch to your site after 3 days from completion of installation.

What is the cost of construction work on a driveway through a drainage ditch?

Taking into account the calculations of employees of companies providing services for the construction of entrances to the site through a ditch, the average cost of their work will be about 30,000 rubles. This average price individual construction check-in

You can save a good amount of money if you build together with your neighbors. The price of collective construction of races will be less by about 6,000 rubles, and this is a good saving.

This discount also applies to the collective development of territories with houses, cottages, bathhouses and other buildings, and decent companies provide such discounts.

Which pipes are best used for crossing drainage ditches?

Concrete pipes are practically eternal structures, but they are heavy, which causes a lot of inconvenience. Such pipes are difficult to transport, loading and unloading, and delivery costs are additional expenses that will make such a trip unreasonably expensive. On average, a race using concrete pipes is considered the most expensive compared to races made from other materials.

Metal pipes are also not the best choice when arranging access to the site through a ditch. They are not only heavy, but also prone to corrosion under the influence of rain and melt water. Delivery services for such pipes will be expensive.

Plastic pipes - the best and most economical profitable option. The corrugated plastic pipe is easily loaded and unloaded into vehicles for transportation, as well as without special effort laid in the ground.

The installation itself should be carried out manually, without the involvement of technical machines. Plastic pipes can be delivered simultaneously in large quantities, and this significantly reduces delivery costs.

Another advantage of a corrugated plastic pipe over a concrete one is the uniform distribution of the load along the entire length of the pipe.

If the installation work plastic pipes performed efficiently and competently, such a ride will be able to withstand the passage of heavy equipment and trucks. Upon arrival, a loaded KamAZ truck and a concrete mixer will be able to drive through.

How to properly enter a site through a drainage ditch

In order to correctly position the drive through the ditch, you should adhere to some principles:

At the very beginning, decide where your future home will be located, if it is still under development;
If the house is located in the depths or will be located in the depths of the territory, then the drive-in can be built in any place convenient for you and this will not play a special role;
The location of the house is on the right side of the road - build a driveway on the left, and vice versa.
In width, the entrance must be built no less than 6 meters, and the pipe must be 9 meters long. In the case of using a pipe 6 meters long, the drive will be 4 meters long, because the edges of the pipe along the edges should protrude a meter on each side.

Such a device is necessary so as not to clog the pipe and protect it from crumbling top layer of soil. When the driveway is less than 6 meters in length, construction equipment will not be able to enter your site, as well as vehicles that will bring materials.

Owners of plots, the path to which is blocked by canals, are faced with the following problems: building a house is impossible - special equipment will not arrive (you cannot move the materials manually), if the house is already standing, then the owner himself is not able to drive up to it (you cannot leave the car unattended). Under no circumstances should you fill up the gap. And then the question arises: how to organize a durable platform that can not only withstand the weight of transport, but also allow water to flow freely along the drain? Let's try to deal with this problem further.

We build an entrance to the site through a ditch of small width using reinforced concrete slabs

This option for arranging the entrance to the site through a ditch is the least troublesome, but at the same time it is more expensive. Using it to cover wide barriers is completely unprofitable, since the wider the opening, the large sizes there must be a stove. And the larger its size, the more the purchase will hit the budget.

1. A preliminary analysis of soils along the edges of the canal is carried out. If they are weak, then they should be strengthened. Otherwise, they will collapse under the weight of the slab and transport.

2. Strengthening is carried out by erecting concrete supports next to the walls of the channel. The formwork is installed, double reinforcement is laid, and concrete is poured. The gap between the supports and the walls is tightly filled with sand or clay.

how to make an entrance to the site through a ditch (steps 1-4)
construction of a drive-in from drainage pipe and reinforced concrete

3. Along the width of the product, along the edges of the channel, soil is removed to a depth that is 10 cm greater than the thickness of the slab (standard 22 cm). To construct a platform, products 3 m long and 1.5 m wide are most often used. If the channel width is more than 1 m, then you will need two products that will lie lengthwise rather than across.

4. The site is carefully leveled and compacted. 5 cm of sand and the same amount of gravel are poured on top. Each layer is compacted with a vibrating plate.

5. lays the slab on the prepared area. The discrepancy between the heights of the slab and the soil is leveled by removing the excess or, conversely, by adding toppings.

Make an entrance to the site through a ditch using reinforced concrete slab It's impossible to do it completely on your own. But this can be done using another method.

samples of pipes and drainage trays
schemes for arranging the entrance through the ditch

Organization of a site over a wide canal by erecting sides and an embankment

This method of building an entrance to a site through a ditch is less expensive, but very troublesome. The work can be significantly complicated by the fact that water is constantly flowing in the canal.

1. If there is water in the dug hole, it must be pumped out. Some do not do this and pour concrete into formwork installed directly in the water. The quality and strength of the product obtained in this way is in great question; there is a high risk of their destruction after a short period of time.

2. Partitions are installed at a distance of 50 cm from the intended boundaries of the future site. They can be made of slate, wood and other materials. By blocking the flow, water is pumped out by sediment.

3. The surface of the entire site is covered with sand, and then with gravel. The thickness of the latter layer must be at least 30 cm. Both layers are compacted.

4. The pipe is laid in the intended place and supported with bricks for a while so that it does not move.

5. Formwork is assembled along the edges of the pipe with a height slightly higher than the height of the channel walls. Supports are required due to the mass of concrete that will be poured. Double knitted reinforcement is installed inside. The mixture is poured and it is expected to dry completely.

6. 30 cm of gravel (fraction 70) is poured over the pipe and compacted. Then another layer of the same material, but with a smaller fraction, is compacted again. If the height allows, you need to lay 3 such layers (the last one with an even smaller fraction).

7. Then the entire surface is covered with a 3 cm layer of granite chips or gravel with fraction 5. Geotextiles are laid on top and poured thin layer sand.

8. Reinforcing mesh is laid on the surface on the fragments of bricks 3 cm high. Sides are installed around the perimeter of the site. Poured cement mixture 6 cm high.

When calculating the number of layers of all materials and their thickness, it is necessary to first measure the height of the channel. If it is insufficient, then it can be artificially deepened by removing soil from its bottom. Removal must be long and smooth, and must also be under small angle so as not to disturb the flow of water. If you abandon this idea, then you will need to reduce the thickness of the top gravel mound. But in no case should it be less than 50 cm.