Botanical characteristic
The common wolfberry, translated as Daphne mezereum, the plant also has a number of other names, for example, wolf bast, upland wolf pepper, wolf berries. Its height is not more than a meter, but sometimes it can reach 200 centimeters. This shrub is covered with yellow-gray bark, which is somewhat wrinkled.
The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, they are green above, and slightly bluish below, they are narrowed into a rather short petiole closer to the base, alternate, crowded at the ends of the branches. The flowers are pink in color, sessile, fragrant, their smell is a bit like hyacinth, nail-shaped corolla.
Three flowers are located in the axils of the leaves, which remained from last year. characteristic feature This shrub is considered the fact that it begins to bloom even before the appearance of the first leaves.
As for the fruits, they are light red berries that have an ovoid, somewhat elongated shape, which makes them recognizable, and this is important, since they are very poisonous, and in no case should you eat them!
Spreading
The wolf's bast shrub is common in the European part of our country, in Siberia, in the Caucasus. He prefers to be localized in a shady area, and the soil should be fertile, well fertilized. You can see it on the forest edges.
Used part
FROM therapeutic purpose in the common wolfberry, flowering branches are used, as well as the bark. These parts of the plant contain coumarins, moserein, glycosides, daphnin, gum, resins, dyes, and wax.
Collection and preparation
The bark is usually prepared in early spring before the start of the flowering of the wolf's bast. Since the plant is extremely poisonous, it is necessary to collect raw materials only with rubber gloves, and after work, you should thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water so as not to accidentally bring toxic substances into the oral cavity.
The collected raw materials should be cut into smaller pieces and placed in an automated drying chamber, which maintains the optimal temperature regime, in this case it should not exceed fifty degrees.
When the raw material is completely dry, it should be packaged in cloth bags, which should be sewn from natural materials. They are recommended to be placed in a ventilated area. The shelf life should not exceed three years, since after this time the bark will exhaust its medicinal properties and become unusable.
Wolfberries - application:
Let me remind you once again, dear reader, that the plant is very poisonous! However, in the past, the poisonous berry wolf's bast was used as a laxative, poultices were prepared from its bark, which were used to treat abscesses and boils.
Wolf berry berries have found their application in homeopathy, of course, these drugs should be used on the recommendation of a doctor, for example, there is such a remedy as Mezereum, it is made from fresh wolfberry bark and is prescribed for dermatological diseases, for example, eczema, dermatitis, and trophic ulcers, with itchy rashes and herpes zoster.
Warning
If the juice of the plant in a concentrated form falls on skin, this can lead to severe burns, which can even cause tissue necrosis. Therefore, if by chance similar situation, it is worth immediately washing the causal area with a 2% solution of manganese.
The first signs of poisoning with berries will be expressed by the following symptoms, there will be an intolerable burning sensation in the oral cavity, pain in the epigastric region, dyspepsia, which will manifest itself as nausea and subsequent vomiting, and there may also be violations from the side nervous system in the form of convulsions.
In this case, you should immediately call ambulance, and while she is traveling, you need to repeatedly rinse your stomach, and drink about twenty tablets of activated charcoal, and wait for the arrival medical staff. Remember, it is enough for a person to consume literally a couple of berries of a wolf's bast, and this can lead to death from cardiac arrest, so be very careful!
Recipes
Decoction preparation. You will need twenty grams of bark, which must first be crushed and poured with boiling water. After that, the container should be put on the stove, and evaporated until exactly half of the liquid remains. It should be taken one drop three times a day, after dissolving it in a small amount of boiled water.
Preparation of tincture. Take one gram of bark for sixty milliliters of alcohol or vodka, and place the container in a dark place for one week, the drug should be shaken daily and then filtered, and taken drop by drop, diluted in water, three times a day.
Ointment preparation. You will need five milliliters of tincture, which must be mixed with ten grams butter. The resulting mixture can be used to treat joints with arthritis, as it will have a slight analgesic effect. Store the drug should only be in the refrigerator.
Conclusion
Remember, the poisonous wolfberry plant is quite dangerous, so be extremely careful when collecting and using it, and it is advisable to consult a doctor in order to clarify the dose of drugs taken.
In fact, the name does not mean that wolf berries serve as food for wolves. Just a wolf - the embodiment of evil, meanness and death, so they began to call all poisonous plants that can kill with their berries.
At the same time, the appearance of plants and even the color of the berries do not say anything, some of them have red, black or even white color, some have a berry fruit, and someone has a drupe. There is only one thing in common: eating leads to poisoning or discomfort.
What does a wolfberry look like
In general, there are actually no wolfberries as a taxonomy or plant species.. The people call this name the following poisonous and not very plants:
- (not poisonous);
- belladonna (medicinal plant and poison);
- wolfberry (wolf bast) (poison);
- raven eye (poison);
- real honeysuckle (not poisonous);
- brittle buckthorn (fruits cause vomiting);
- snowberry (fruits cause weakness, dizziness and vomiting);
- red elderberry (not edible - bitter);
- and a number of other herbs and plants
Poisonous wolfberry plants in the photo
Wolfberry: photo of all plants under this name
(go to gallery by clicking on any picture)
Wolfberry - wolf bast
It should be noted that most often in Russia, under this name, a wolf's bast is hidden, the berries of which, like the whole plant, are extremely poisonous. I think we need to introduce you to him a little closer.
Wolf berries are a shrub no higher than 60-120 cm, blooming in early spring before the leaves bloom. Its upright branches are covered with foam of purple flowers even before the forest turns green. The flowers grow from the axils of last year's leaves, densely, covering the branches a little less than completely, melliferous and fragrant. They may be pinkish or even white.
Despite all the attractiveness of the plant, it is better to bypass it, it is poisonous all year round.
Later, dark green lanceolate leaves appear on the tops of the branches of this "tree" and along the entire length of the branches. The flowers fade, turning into drupes. By the end of July - beginning of August, the entire shrub is showered with bright red fruits the size of cherry pit.
The whole plant is very poisonous, and especially its fruits, containing burning juice. It is with them that wolf berries are dangerous. Symptoms of poisoning when consuming wolf bast berries inside appear almost immediately. At first it is a burning sensation in the mouth, then nausea, vomiting and even convulsions join. If the person survives, he will suffer from hemorrhagic enteritis for several days. Repeated loose stools with an admixture of blood leads to dehydration, a serious indigestion. There are no specific antidotes.
Poisoning is most often received by children and obese lazy ladies who decide to look for goji berries in local forests and so do not spend money on a Chinese wolfberry. Fortunately, the wolf's bast is growing throughout Russia from the Arctic to Far East.
Sometimes inexperienced forest lovers confuse the wolfberry with the crow's eye, calling it the wolf's eye. The crow's eye berry is significantly different in appearance, this is a small herbaceous plant with a single black berry in the center of a rosette of leaves. However, this does not make the raven eye less poisonous, this plant must also be avoided.
Wolfberry has and beneficial features, it is used in traditional medicine and in homeopathy, adorn her garden plots. But in medicine it is forbidden to use it.
Do you know why the wolfberry got the name wolf's bast? The bark of the shrub is incredibly flexible and durable. Women's hats are even woven from it ....
Lyko is a shrub plant, in wild environment not exceeding a height of 1 m, but with favorable conditions the bush can reach 2.5 m. In spring, bare branches form pink flowers that are found in the axils of the leaves. More often, given plant can be found in shady places on the edge of the forest.
What does a wolf's bast look like
The wolf's bast shrub is a low plant about 1 m high, in autumn and spring period shrub shoots are gray-brown in color, in some cases the color of the bark may be yellowish-gray. As a rule, young shoots are formed in the spring of the plant, which have a more grayish color of the bark and, in addition, many young shoots can be covered with brownish spots. But, at the same time, this plant is slightly branched and occupies a fairly compact area. The leaves are attached to the shoots with short petioles, elongated ovoid, sometimes they can be narrower, somewhat reminiscent of a lancet. When flowers are formed in the axils of the leaves (usually flowering in middle lane Russia begins in April May) in the southern regions of Russia, flowering may begin earlier. Flowers are collected in bunches and most often have a pinkish tint, less often white.
After flowering, fruits appear:
- Oval shape;
- reddish color;
- Outwardly looking appetizing and juicy.
This plant can be found in floodplain forests near the banks of reservoirs, as well as on the edges of the forest. Prefers rich soils nutrients, this plant is distributed almost throughout Europe and Asia Minor.
The berries are usually close to each other and tightly wrap around the branch. But in no case should they be eaten, since they are poisonous, only 10–12 berries are enough to get fatal poisoning.
There are more than 50 species of this plant species, there are evergreen plants, there are semi-deciduous plants that grow mainly in warm regions not only in Russia, but also in warm regions of other countries. There are species that tolerate the harsh climate well, such plants can grow in more northern areas, and in the mountains.
What color are the berries of the wolf's bast and what is the plant
Wolf's bast is a poisonous plant, but, nevertheless, very beautiful, especially in spring, when flowering begins. The peculiarity of the wolf's bast is that at first beautiful flowers appear on it (reminiscent of something of the colors of lilac), the shoots of this plant during the flowering period are covered with pinkish-white flowers.
With a sufficiently long stay near the plant, the smell from the flowers can provoke a headache.
The flowers of this plant are collected in bunches, which are somewhat reminiscent of nests (to see this, it is best to look at the pictures). At the same time, the flowers of some species of this plant exude a delicate aroma. But at the same time, you should come closer to enjoy its smell, like nice smell abruptly change to a less pleasant one.
The plant itself
- Represents a bush.
- In wild growing conditions, it rarely exceeds a height of 1-1.5 m.
- If the plant is grown for decorative purposes, then the height of the bushes with appropriate care can reach a height of up to 2 m.
The plant grows best in more acidic and damp soils rich in nutrients. In principle, they are grown on almost any soil, but sufficient moisture and fertilizing are important, and then the plants will delight a person with their beautiful flowers. To verify this, you can see the data of a flowering plant, how it looks, what color, and whether it is worth growing in your area.
What is lyko
After the flowering period, narrow leaves appear at the wolfberry, which are attached to the main shoots with a short handle. Closer to autumn, berries appear that look very beautiful, bright, shiny red, but, despite their beauty, deadly poisonous.
It is important when caring for wolf cub to use protective equipment so as not to get burns from this plant, first of all, the skin.
Such plants, because of the beauty of flowers, some people grow in their gardens and summer cottages, but you should be careful with this, as it is poisonous. For example, it is worth applying the skin to the bark of a bush, as you can get irritation, and in some cases a burn. This plant has many other names, for example, wolfberry, daphne and others.
All parts of the plant are considered completely poisonous:
- Berries;
- And also the leaves;
- Bark;
- Flower;
- And even root.
But, despite its toxicity, the components of this plant are widely used, primarily in folk medicine. Healing properties this plant has been known for a long time. In order for parts of this plant to be beneficial in the treatment of any ailments, it is necessary to take microdoses of preparations made on its basis, under the supervision of a specialist. Properly prepared plant parts are used as an analgesic, used in the treatment of rheumatism, neurological pain. In some cases, parts of this plant are used in the treatment of epilepsy and even oncology.
Is the wolf's bast plant poisonous
The use of part of the plants as a medicine is allowed only after agreement with the doctor, since even a slight deviation or excess of the recommended dose may lead to a negative result instead of improving health. The use of drugs for the treatment of children is allowed, both inside and outside, but only after the necessary tests and the permission of the doctor and under his control.
If you use a more powerful dose than recommended, you may experience:
- Stomach ache;
- convulsions;
- Burning in the mouth;
- Skin problems, etc.
The plant itself is completely poisonous, despite being outwardly pleasant and beautiful view, each part can cause problems with the skin, gastrointestinal tract, headaches, drowsiness, or vice versa, short excitement, fever, etc.
Apart from medicinal properties of this plant, it also brings other benefits, since it blooms early enough, the very first bees begin collecting future honey from these flowers. When infused with bark and berries, in some cases, the substances contained in them will allow the composition to be used as an external remedy, for example, for rheumatism.
Poisonous plant wolf bast: description (video)
Such a description of this type of plant will allow a person to protect himself from negative impact on your body. But, at the same time, with proper use, on the contrary, it can be beneficial. As for positive emotions, this plant allows you to enjoy beautiful flowers in early spring, moreover, even when the grass has not really grown, and there are no other flowers.
Wolfberry has been known to almost everyone since childhood, especially those who grew up or often visited countryside. The wolf's eye or wolfberry looks like a currant - the fruits are small in size, round shape . The berries themselves are red or black, depending on the type of plant. Now there is a huge hype around the useful goji berry, which is used for a variety of purposes - treatment, weight loss, strengthening immunity. Wolfberry and goji have nothing in common, they are confused due to similar names - wolfberry (goji), a shrub originally from China, we know it under the name "common dereza", so you can not confuse it with a wolfberry.
Wolfberry - what is it
Why is the wolfberry so called? Everything is very simple, the name did not come from the fact that wolves or other forest animals feed on this bush. It’s just that the name has come from the old times, when the designation “wolf” meant everything evil, dangerous and harmful. Thus, everyone has known about the dangers of these berries for a very long time.
Wolfberry grows everywhere, found in the forests of America, as well as throughout Europe. Very common in central Russia, the Caucasus and Siberia. What does a wolfberry look like? Its description and properties can be found in any school textbook biology. The bush blooms very beautifully, the smell is intoxicating. By the way, thrushes love to feast on these berries. It is this bird that is the main seed carrier.
Privet is a small shrub on which round and small berries ripen. The shrub blooms very violently and beautifully in spring, due to its small size (up to 5 m) it is successfully used in landscape design. By autumn, the fruits ripen, and this is the mistake of many - they begin to be collected and used for food, to prepare teas and infusions. It is absolutely impossible to do this, because berries are poisonous and can cause not only poisoning, but also lead to death. Therefore, if you are interested in the question - is it possible to eat wolf berries - the answer is categorical - no!
Why are berries dangerous?
What happens if you eat a wolfberry? Almost 100% you can get poisoning and indigestion, but everything, of course, will depend on the amount. The fact is that the fruits contain solanine - the strongest poison, which provokes poisoning. If you do not provide first aid in a timely manner, do not call an ambulance, then a fatal outcome will be inevitable. About five berries can cause death.
Not only the fruits themselves are poisonous, but the entire shrub as a whole - branches, leaves. Thus, it is better not to touch the plant at all, but to admire it only from afar.
The composition of berries and bark contains a number of substances that cause poisoning. The main components are meserein, daphnetin, daphnin glycoside, coumarin. In almost all cases, poisoning does not go away without a trace, even after the treatment, various complications may occur, so it is very important to take all measures in a timely manner.
The wolf's bast berry causes severe poisoning, if you made a mistake and ate it, then the symptoms will be as follows:
- sensation of a burn of a mouth and all mucous;
- nausea, vomiting;
- profuse salivation, there may be difficulty in swallowing;
- diarrhea;
- eye inflammation, lacrimation;
- convulsions, general weakness are possible.
Wolfberry poisoning is severe, the degree will depend on the amount of fruit consumed. In its course, such poisoning has the form of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, death occurs mainly due to cardiac arrest.
If the juice of the plant gets on the skin, a burn or redness appears. With prolonged contact with the skin, the development of tumor-like destruction on the epidermis is quite possible. It is even dangerous to be near a flowering plant - when pollen is inhaled, the mucous membrane is irritated.
What to do in case of wolfberry poisoning
If a child or an adult ate a wolfberry, then you must immediately call an ambulance and take first aid measures.. First of all, it is necessary to remove the source of poisoning from the body, that is, induce vomiting. For this, a weak solution of potassium permanganate is suitable (the liquid should be light pink, not saturated purple!). Can be given to the victim Activated carbon or any other sorbent. If possible, give the victim a cleansing enema.
Berry poisoning can cause convulsions and cardiac arrest. If there are heart preparations in the first-aid kit, it is necessary to give them to the patient following the recommendations and the correct dosage. After providing first aid, it is necessary to force the person to lie down, take a calm position and wait for the ambulance to arrive. In almost all cases, hospitalization and further inpatient treatment follow.
The whole wolfberry bush is poisonous, so if the juice gets on the skin or if the plant just scratched you, you need to wash the place with an antiseptic solution, if there is nothing at hand, potassium permanganate will do.
The dangers of using privet should be clear to everyone, it is especially important to convey this information to children. If you are planning a trip to the forest or live in the countryside, do not forget to tell your children about all the dangers that are fraught with attractive and tasty-looking berries. In addition to privet, there are many other plants, the touch of which can already carry unpleasant consequences.
Beneficial features
Many poisonous plants also have useful properties, but they must be used correctly, otherwise it is very life-threatening and can lead to unpredictable consequences.
Privet has long been used in conventional and folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases:
- of cardio-vascular system;
- kidneys and liver;
- neuroses and mental disorders;
- eye;
- joints.
Due to their toxicity, shrub products are not used in official medicine, but are used exclusively in homeopathy. Among the people, tinctures and decoctions from this plant are used to treat bronchitis, pneumonia, and colds. Privet has proven itself very well in folk medicine for the treatment of skin diseases.
Prepared tinctures and decoctions are never taken internally, they are used for rubbing, rinsing, lotions.
Plant blanks are made in the summer - branches, leaves are collected, roots are dug out. In autumn, you can harvest the fruits of the shrub.
It is worth remembering that in the event of any disease, self-treatment can be dangerous, especially if you prepare homemade tinctures and poisons from toxic plants. Remember that the plant contains a dangerous and poisonous substance, which, even in small doses, leads to heart failure, can cause cardiac arrest and death.
Application in everyday life
Privet has proven itself as a poison for agricultural needs. With its help, infusions are prepared against Colorado potato beetles and other pests.. Such a poison is only suitable for root crops, spray it with other plants and fruit trees highly discouraged, especially immediately before collection. It is best to spray in the spring, when the leaves are just beginning to form, there is no flowering and fruit. The use of this poison suburban area can be compared with simple chemicals Therefore, care must also be taken to use a mask and rubber gloves when spraying.
Previously, ink was made from black privet berries. Wolfberry is quite often found on suburban areas and in urban areas as a hedge. The shrub is quite dense, with beautiful leaves And lush bloom. It is drought-resistant, unpretentious in care. With the right circumcision, you can get a beautiful and perfect hedge up to 5 meters high. Now several varieties of common privet are artificially bred specifically for hedges. They can differ among themselves in color (during flowering), height, care features. In most cases, no special care is required - timely watering and pruning.
Thanks to the Internet and the spread of information about the miraculous goji berries, many people have already encountered an unpleasant situation - a mistake in collecting wolfberries instead of dereza. Keep in mind that real goji berries grow exclusively in the provinces of China. Some gardeners even grow these shrubs at home, but this is a long and laborious process. The wolfberry shrub in the wild is also quite rare, but in our territories it is the dangerous and poisonous privet that is most often found, the use of which can lead to death.
Pay attention to other dangerous shrubs that, in appearance of leaves and berries, may be similar to a wolfberry - red-fruited corow, red elderberry, snowberry, crow's eye, brittle buckthorn. When eating all the berries from such bushes, 100% poisoning appears. Symptoms are common - vomiting, diarrhea, nausea. It is necessary to provide timely first aid and send the victim to the hospital.
Bittersweet nightshade is a semi-shrub with a curly long stem (up to 2 m, and more in favorable conditions), with a woody base.
Leaves are ovate-pointed.
The flowers are purple, in drooping racemes.
Blooms from late May to September.
The fruits are red bittersweet poisonous berries, ripen in June - October.
Distribution of nightshade red
Red nightshade is widespread in the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus, in Siberia and in the Far East along the banks of reservoirs, damp places, among shrubs. Often found in settlements, on the outskirts of villages, on the borders of vegetable gardens, on garbage heaps. Often bittersweet nightshade is grown on household plots, as a decorative vine.
The poisonous parts of nightshade
Poisonous in nightshade are leaves, stem and fruits. As the berries ripen, the poisonous properties of bittersweet nightshade berries, unlike black nightshade, do not disappear, since in addition to the poisonous glycoalkaloid solanine, which disappears when the berries ripen, there are also other toxic substances, in particular solidulcin and dulcamarin.
Symptoms of poisoning
Symptoms of poisoning with bittersweet nightshade are the same as for poisoning with other plants containing solanine and similar glycoalkaloids - abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, inhibition of motor and mental activity, shortness of breath, cardiovascular insufficiency. First aid - gastric lavage.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - nightshade red
Belladonna
It is also known under the names common belladonna, rubella, sleepy dope, mad berry, mad cherry (Atropa belladonna) - a plant of the nightshade family. Perennial herbaceous plant 1-2 m high with an erect thick green or purple-colored stem, forked-branched at the top.
The leaves are petiolate, broadly lanceolate, alternate, but in pairs close together, and one is always much larger than the others.
Belladonna flowers are solitary, drooping, emerging from the axils of the upper leaves, bell-shaped, dirty purple (sometimes yellow) in color.
Blooms from June to late autumn.
The fruit is a shiny black-blue poisonous berry, flattened-spherical, juicy, sweet-sour, the size of a cherry.
Spread of belladonna
Belladonna is widespread in the Crimea, the Caucasus, and the Carpathians. Occurs in clearings, edges, shady glades.
Toxic Parts of Belladonna
All parts of the plant are poisonous. Poisoning occurs more often in children who are attracted to the poisonous berries of belladonna resembling cherries or grapes (even 2-3 of its berries can cause severe poisoning in a child). They, as well as other parts of the plant, contain such very poisonous alkaloids as atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine, etc.
Symptoms of poisoning
Signs of poisoning appear after 10-20 minutes. In case of mild poisoning, dryness and burning in the mouth and throat, difficulty in swallowing and speaking, palpitations. The voice becomes hoarse. The pupils are dilated and do not react to light. Violated near vision. Photophobia, flashing flies before the eyes. Dryness and redness of the skin. Excitation, sometimes delirium and hallucinations. In severe poisoning, complete loss of orientation, sudden motor and mental excitement, sometimes convulsions.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - belladonna
Calla (calla) marsh
Marsh calla is a juicy, thick-rhizome, creeping hydrophyte (a plant that grows halfway in water) 20-40 cm high with large shiny round-heart-shaped leaves (15-20 cm) on long petioles. Cob-shaped inflorescence surrounded by white (with reverse side green), leafy coverlet.
The fruits are juicy red poisonous berries, collected in clusters.
Blossoms in May, June, fruits ripen from the end of June.
Calla spread
The marsh calla is widespread throughout Russia in swamps and marshy shores of reservoirs.
Toxic Parts of the Calla
The whole plant is poisonous, especially poisonous berries and rhizomes. Calla contains pungent saponin-like compounds, as well as volatile substances such as aroin with irritating properties.
Symptoms of calla poisoning
Nausea, vomiting, salivation, diarrhea, shortness of breath, tachycardia, convulsions. First aid - gastric lavage and laxatives.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - marsh calla
Euonymus
Euonymus is deciduous shrub(sometimes a small tree) 3-4 meters tall, with "classic" elongated leaves, greenish small inconspicuous flowers.
Euonymus blooms in May-June. The fruits fully ripen in September-October.
The fruits are beautiful bright pink quadruple capsules containing usually black seeds inside, covered (sometimes not completely) with fleshy orange or red pulp. As they mature, the boxes open.
Distribution of Euonymus
Euonymus is found in the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus, some species grow in the Far East (up to Eastern Siberia), Sakhalin, Kuril Islands.
Poison Parts of Euonymus
Everything about the euonymus is poisonous - roots, bark, leaves, but the most dangerous are poisonous berries, which attract with their bright appearance.
Symptoms of poisoning with Euonymus
The use of poisonous spindle berries in food causes vomiting and diarrhea, large doses of berries can provoke intestinal bleeding.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - euonymus
Privet (Wolf Berries)
Privet is a genus of rather heat-loving shrubs of the olive family. Common privet is a deciduous shrub up to 5 meters high.
The leaves are simple, opposite. The inflorescences are white, similar to lilac flowers, also collected in panicles.
The fruit is a black berry. Privet blooms in May-July, after the appearance of leaves on it. Privet
The berries are poisonous, ripen in September-October and do not fall off for a long time.
Distribution of Privet
Within the territory of former USSR in natural form Common privet is found. The halo of its distribution is the southwestern part of Russia, the Caucasus, Ukraine and Moldova.
Poison Parts of Privet
The leaves and berries of the plant are poisonous. The leaves are unlikely to be eaten by anyone, but the berries are quite similar to bird cherry.
Symptoms of Privet Poisoning
After eating poisonous privet berries, diarrhea, colic, weakness, loss of coordination, convulsions occur in 1-2 hours. severe cases death is possible.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - privet
Elder herb (stinky)
Elder grass is a herbaceous perennial of the honeysuckle family with an unpleasant odor, with a thick creeping rhizome, thick furrowed (sometimes sparsely pubescent) stem 60-170 cm high.
Leaves with stipules, large (17-25 cm), pinnate of 7-11 pointed leaflets, pubescent along the veins.
The inflorescence of the herbal elderberry is an umbrella-shaped panicle. The flowers are small, inconspicuous, white or reddish. The herbal elder blossoms in May - June.
Herbal elder fruits are black small berry-like drupes with 3-4 seeds and red juice. The herbaceous elder bears fruit in August-September.
Propagation elderberry herbal
The herbal elderberry is widespread in the southern part of Russia in the foothills and mountains, along the edges of forests and subalpine meadows. Often found as a weed.
Poison parts of Elder herb
Elderberry herbal leaves and flowers are poisonous. The unripe berries of elderberry are especially poisonous.
Symptoms of elderberry poisoning
The main symptoms of poisoning with poisonous elderberries are dizziness, headache, weakness, sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting. Blue staining of the mucous membranes is characteristic as a result of the accumulation of oxyhemoglobin in the venous blood. Tachycardia is replaced in the later stages by bradycardia. There is shortness of breath with a delay in expiration, convulsions are possible. Death occurs from respiratory arrest due to acute heart failure.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - herbal elderberry
wolfberry, daphne
Daphne - a low shrub is called in the people a wolf's bast or a wolfberry. In April, branches of Daphne, a meter and a half tall, are almost entirely strewn with bunches of bright pink flowers, very similar to the color of lilacs. From flowering plants a delicate aroma spreads. Daphne leaves are narrow, dark green. Poisonous berries - oval, first green, then red, ripen in late July-August.
Spread of Wolfberry
Wolfberry grows in the north of the European part of Russia, Western and Eastern Siberia, in the Caucasus. Prefers coniferous and mixed forests. It also occurs in deciduous forests.
Poison Parts of Wolfberry
Wolfberry flowers are poisonous. When Daphne pollen is inhaled, irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose and respiratory tract is observed. Not only flowers are poisonous, but the whole plant. No wonder one of the names of Daphne is the deadly wolfberry.
The bark of the wolf's bast is unusually bitter in taste and, when ingested, causes a burning sensation and scratching. Subsequently, blisters and ulcers form on the mucous membranes. Touching the wet bark of daphne, wolfberry to the skin can lead to the formation of ulcers.
No less burning juice from the leaves and poisonous berries of the wolf's bast. It is extremely dangerous to get wolfberry juice into the eyes. This threatens with the formation of difficult-to-heal ulcers of the cornea.
Symptoms of Wolf's Bark Poisoning
After eating poisonous berries, there is a burning sensation in the mouth, pain in the stomach, nausea, vomiting, weakness, convulsions are possible. But the wolf's bast contains not only meserein, which strongly irritates the skin and mucous membranes, but also other toxic substances, in particular several types of coumarins, which cause increased bleeding.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - wolfberry
Voronets spike-shaped black or Actaea spike-shaped
Voronets spiky is a perennial poisonous herbaceous plant up to 80 cm high, with a thin branched stem, with large, on long petioles, twice and thrice pinnate leaves. The edges of the leaves are coarsely serrated.
The flowers are white or cream, small, collected in a fluffy panicle.
The berries are green at first, black when ripe, glossy, large, oval-cylindrical with a clearly visible trace of perianth. The berries are collected in a brush.
Distribution of Voronets spike-shaped black
Spike-shaped black crow grows in the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus, in Western Siberia, in Altai, but is quite rare. Prefers shady damp places in deciduous, coniferous and mixed forests. Usually grows in thickets of bushes and trees. Black spike-shaped crow does not like open spaces. Blossoms in May-June, berries ripen in July-August.
Poisonous parts of Voronets spiky
The whole plant is highly poisonous. Especially poisonous are the berries of the black voronets.
Symptoms of poisoning with Voronets spike-shaped
The juice of the plant irritates the human skin, up to the formation of blisters. And even a small amount of the pulp of a poisonous berry is enough to cause severe upset in the gastrointestinal tract.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - black crow
Voronet krasnoplodny (red; spiked red)
Voronets red-fruited is a perennial herbaceous plant. The stems are thin, up to 70 cm high.
The leaves are usually thrice pinnate, with serrated margins. Appearance the red-fruited corow is very similar to the spike-shaped corow, but differs from it, first of all, in the color of the fruit, slightly smaller berries, and also in the lighter color of the leaves.
The flowers are small, white, collected in a vertical brush-panicle.
The berries of the black crow are oblong-oval, medium in size, green at first, turn white as they ripen, and then turn red. Located on a vertical brush.
Distribution of Voronets krasnoplodny
Voronets krasnoplodny grows in coniferous and mixed forests, in the Far East, in Siberia and in the north of the European part of Russia.
Poisonous parts of Voronets krasnoplodny
All parts of the plant are poisonous. The most toxic are the berries of the black crow. Eating just two poisonous berries for a child can end tragically. But accidental poisoning with the berries of the red crow is hardly possible, since the plant has bad smell and the berries are very bitter.
Symptoms of poisoning
Signs of poisoning with the berries of the red crow - nausea, dizziness, increased heart rate, severe upset of the gastrointestinal tract.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - Red Voronets
raven eye
raven eye - perennial very characteristic look. A low stem framed by sprawling, usually four (rarely, as in the photo, five) wide leaves, ends with one single nondescript greenish flower that blooms in July-June. Then the raven eye turns the flower into a single berry, turning black by autumn. The raven eye is also known under the name of cross-grass.
Spreading the Crow's Eye
The raven eye grows in shady, damp places of coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests, throughout the temperate zone of Russia from Europe to the Far East. The raven eye is considered medicinal plant, but it is better not to collect and use it on your own, since the raven eye is a poisonous plant.
Poison parts of the Crow's eye
The crow's eye berry, like other parts of the plant, is poisonous. The plant contains saponins and cardiac glycosides.
Symptoms of Crow's Eye Poisoning
Poisoning with poisonous berries or other parts of the crow's eye causes irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, a sharp drop in heart rate to 60-40 beats per minute or less, heart rhythm disturbances, ventricular flutter and cardiac arrest.
Poisonous berries picture, photo - Lily of the valley
First aid for berry poisoning
- Never pick or taste berries that you do not know.
- If you came to the forest with a child, then do not leave him unattended for a minute. Watch what berries he eats.
- If you come to an area unknown to you and the nature there is not entirely familiar to you, be sure to inquire with the locals, study the literature, browse the Internet and find out which poisonous plants are typical for this area.
- Poisonous berries are actually dangerous only for those who do not know them "by sight".
If symptoms of poisoning occur, such as fever, diarrhea, vomiting, convulsions, etc., seek immediate medical attention. medical care. While the doctor will go to you, do not sit idly by. After all, sometimes the arrival of an ambulance can be delayed for more than one hour.
The most first aid for poisoning with poisonous berries consists in stimulating vomiting - this procedure will free the stomach from poisonous contents. To do this, the victim needs to be given 2-4 glasses of water (activated charcoal can be added to it - 2 tablespoons per 500 ml, salt - 1 teaspoon per 500 ml or potassium permanganate). In case of poisoning with poisonous berries, the procedure will have to be carried out several times. Of the medicines, it is recommended to give the patient activated charcoal, tannin, as well as any laxative and heart remedy. In the presence of seizures will have to use chloral hydrate. If there is no first aid kit, you can give the patient black crackers, starch solution or milk. It does not hurt to also do an enema (if possible). A victim of poisoning with poisonous berries should be wrapped warmly and taken to a doctor.
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