Many factors are responsible for the normal functioning of a water heating system. various elements, which are an integral part of a circuit of any complexity. One of these elements is the air valve for heating, which is a small but very important detail simple design. This article will discuss how to choose the right element depending on the installation location.

Purpose and types of air vents

It’s easy to guess the purpose of the device by its name. The element is used in the circuit to remove air from the system or individual devices and units that appears there under the following circumstances:

• while filling the entire pipeline network or individual branches of the system with water;
• as a result of suction from the atmosphere due to various malfunctions;
• during operation, when oxygen dissolved in water gradually turns into a free state.

For reference. In industrial boiler houses, make-up water goes through a deaeration stage (removal of dissolved air) before entering the boiler. As a result tap water, initially containing up to 30 g of oxygen per 1 m3, becomes suitable for use with an indicator of less than 1 g / m3. However similar technologies They are quite expensive and are not used in private housing construction.

The purpose of the air vent is to bleed air from the heating system to avoid the formation of air pockets. The latter seriously impede the free circulation of liquid, which is why some parts of the system can overheat, while others, on the contrary, cool down. In addition to air, other gases can accumulate in pipelines. For example, with a high content of dissolved oxygen in the coolant, the corrosion process steel pipes and boiler parts is significantly accelerated. Happening chemical reaction with the release of free hydrogen.

In the current schemes of home heating systems, 2 types of vents are used, differing in design:

• manual (Maevsky cranes);
• automatic (float).

Each of these types is installed in different places where there is a risk of air lock. Mayevsky's cranes have traditional and radiator designs, and the configuration of air vents can be straight or angular.

Theoretically, you can install in all necessary places automatic valve to release air. But in practice, the scope of application of automatic machines is limited for many reasons. For example, the design of the Mayevsky crane is simpler and has no moving parts, so it is more reliable. The manual tap is a cylindrical body made of plumbing brass with external thread. There is a through hole made inside the housing, the passage in which is blocked by a screw with a conical end.

A round calibrated channel extends from the main hole located in the center. When you unscrew the screw between these two channels, a message appears, causing air to leave the system. During operation, the screw is completely tightened, and to release gases from the system, it is enough to unscrew it a couple of turns with a screwdriver or even by hand.

In turn, an automatic air valve is a hollow cylinder, inside of which there is a plastic float. The operating position of the device is vertical, the internal chamber is filled with coolant entering through the lower hole under the influence of pressure in the system. The float is mechanically attached to the needle release valve by means of a lever. Gases coming from the pipelines gradually displace water from the chamber and the float begins to descend. As soon as the liquid is completely displaced, the lever will open the valve and all the air will quickly leave the chamber. The latter will immediately be filled with coolant again.

The internal moving parts of the automatic air release gradually become covered with scale, and the working openings become silted. As a result, the mechanism jams, gases come out slowly, and water begins to flow through the assembly with the needle. This type of air release valve is easier to replace than to repair. Hence the conclusion: car air vents are installed only in those places where it is impossible to do without them. They are selected for:

• boiler safety groups where the coolant temperature is the highest;
• the highest points of vertical risers, where all gases rise;
• distribution manifold heated floors where air from all heating circuits accumulates;
• loops of U-shaped expansion joints made of polymer pipes, turned up.

When choosing a device, you should pay attention to 2 parameters: maximum working temperature and pressure. If we're talking about about the heating scheme for a private house up to 2 floors high, then, in principle, any automatic valve for releasing air will do. The minimum parameters of air vents offered on the market are as follows: operating temperature up to 110 ºС, pressure range in which the device operates effectively - from 0.5 to 7 Bar.

In high-rise cottages circulation pumps can develop higher blood pressure, so when selecting you need to focus on their indicators. As for the temperature, in private residential networks it rarely exceeds 95 ºС.

Advice. Experts and practitioners recommend purchasing car air vents with an exhaust pipe directed upwards. According to reviews, a device with a side exit begins to leak much more often. In addition, during installation it is necessary to strictly observe the vertical position of the housing.

Manual air vents for heating systems (Mayevsky taps) are most often accepted for installation on radiators. Moreover, many manufacturers of sectional and panel appliances complete their products with taps for gas removal. In this case, there are 3 types of air vents according to the method of unscrewing the screw:

• traditional, with slots for a screwdriver;
• with a rod in the form of a tetrahedron or other shape for a special key;
• with a handle for manual unscrewing without any tools.

Advice. The third type of product should not be purchased for a home where children live preschool age. Accidentally opening the tap can lead to serious burns from the hot coolant.

Conclusion

It is not difficult to select such a simple but very important device as an air valve for heating. Especially when it comes complete with other equipment: a security group, a manifold for a heated floor or heating radiator. If you have to select an air vent separately, then in addition to the recommendations given above, do not forget about the quality of the material from which the device is made. Beware of various silumin fakes that imitate brass products.

Sewerage is a multifunctional and important communication system. But, like other benefits of civilization, similar system It has negative points, in particular unpleasant odor and noise. To minimize such problems, an air valve for sewage was invented.

This device was developed specifically to effectively combat difficult-to-tolerate odors. This element is also called an aerator; with its help you can get rid of the noise produced by pipes. The purpose of the device is to create a barrier and protect the apartment from the return penetration of odors.

From our review you will find out how the air valve works, the details of its installation and what types of devices there are.

Why is this device needed?

A signal that a valve needs to be installed is the following symptoms: the appearance of unpleasant odors and/or the appearance of extraneous sounds. Any deviation from the norm is a clue about improper sewer design. The valve is needed to compensate for the pressure in the system.

It not only replaces the ventilation riser, but also allows you to solve the following problems:

1. Helps out when you can’t install a fan riser.
2. Reduces heat loss through ventilation.
3. Improves the functionality of the entire sewer system.
4. One of its tasks is to protect against the failure of the fan element.

Principle of operation

So, let's consider the principle of operation of the sewer air valve:

1. When draining water, the liquid passes into the sewer pipeline. The process is accompanied by a decrease in pressure.
2. Due to the difference with atmospheric pressure, the air valve opens. Air enters through the holes on the side.
3. The pressure normalizes after the required volume of air enters the pipeline. As a result, the device takes its original position, which in turn creates a tight system.

The whole process occurs very quickly, and as a result of the activation of the water seal unpleasant odors from the sewer do not enter the premises.

The air valve for sewerage consists of a body, which is made of high-rigidity polymers. Top part can be removed to allow inspection and cleaning.

The gasket made of rubberized material ensures a tight fit. An air hole is provided, resulting in an opening and closing mechanism. Such a device allows you to equalize the negative pressure in the structure. In normal condition, air flows through the fan pipe.

Note! This device protects the room not only from methane, but also from harmful microorganisms and fungal spores.

Determining the installation location

It is important to know! The air valve for sewerage is usually mounted 20-30 cm above the main pipe. During installation work, do not allow dust, dirt or liquid to penetrate the membrane. For optimal performance, a systematic supply of oxygen is necessary.

For installation in an apartment, the device is mounted on a pipeline in a vertical position. This method will not provide ventilation to the riser, but will eliminate odors in a specific area.

It is recommended to install a sewer air valve and in a private house. In this case, you don’t have to carry it out. But some experts argue that it should be mounted only as an auxiliary part to the riser.

In private houses and apartments, plastic sewers are installed. Air elements are also made from polypropylene or PVC.

The valve must be installed:

1. In high-rise buildings that are connected to treatment plants.
2. In waste disposal areas.
3. When connecting sewerage to sanitary facilities.
4. In systems that can be connected horizontally.

Do-it-yourself valve installation - in apartments; in a private house

You can install this element yourself or call a specialist. There are no differences in installation in a private house or apartment; the same installation principle is present everywhere. But when performing installation, you must comply following rules:

1. The device must not be installed in rooms where heating is not provided.
2. When using the device, it is important to ensure free access to it for inspection or preventive inspections.
3. When installing the automatic version, it is important to find out the point of the highest flow into the riser.
4. Fixation is made above 10 cm from this point. This is true if a drain has not been installed.
5. If the ladder is equipped, the part is attached 35 cm above the level of the floor covering.
6. The valve should be placed in the socket in the area with the O-ring. The vertical direction will ensure good functionality of the sewer system.

Modern devices can be used in the bathroom or toilet. They are easily installed on the riser. Simple devices placed on a washbasin, bathtub or sink. For fan pipe It is recommended to choose a cylindrical design.

The 50mm diameter sewer air valve dilutes the system air in horizontal areas. It must be installed on long sections of the pipeline. When creating a slope, a natural outlet of the drainage system will occur.

Air valve for sewerage with a diameter of 110 mm, mainly used on drainage pipes. Under certain conditions, mounting to an auxiliary riser is permissible. The mechanism must not be mounted at an angle.

The valve must be installed following the exact instructions. It can be mounted into a flange, threaded or using a coupling. You should create airtight connections and joints, and then check this parameter after completion of work.

At the beginning of installation work, be sure to check whether the water supply taps are turned off. Then the required pipe element is dismantled and a valve is installed on this section. If the pipeline is placed horizontally, you need to check the direction of water flow with the parameters on the device. It is not recommended to rearrange the socket and inlet pipe, as the valve will not start.

The mechanism is installed in the socket of a plastic pipe without auxiliary parts, and tightness is ensured special sealant from the bell. When installing in a cast iron pipe, you will have to use an adapter. This option is more different complex installation.

During installation work, it is necessary to ensure a tight connection between the main device and the elements of the comb and socket.

If the structure has a socket type connection, installation work are executed like this:

1. Surfaces are cleaned of dust.
2. The seal ring is cleaned and degreased, then a trench is laid.
3. Contacting parts are lubricated with sealants or glycerin, which reduces friction.
4. The end of the valve is brought into the socket to a special mark.
5. At this stage, it is important to check the quality of the fastening by turning it.
6. Additionally, the area with the fixed valve is secured with a clamp.

After completion of the work, the joints should be inspected for leaks.

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Prices and manufacturers

Models are selected taking into account certain criteria. This is a diameter, the value of which can be 50, 75 and 110. As well as throughput - the figure varies between 7-37 liters per second.

On Russian market Products from the following countries are presented:

1. The HL company from Austria offers the most expensive designs. The price varies between 2500-3600 depending on the models.

1. McAlpine from the UK provides products in the average price category of 1200-1300 rubles.

1. You can also purchase inexpensive air valves from domestic producers Sinicon and Politek. The cost of devices varies between 150-380 rubles.

Types of valves

Exist different types these devices. They differ in the features of their work. Let's look at them.

1. Automatic - in demand for use in small private households. The device will not cope with significant loads.
2. The kinetic valve functions correctly at low pressure. This device protects against air accumulation during drains.
3. Combined option- This is a device that combines two types.

The pipeline can be installed in any direction. And for each case there is a separate option. When installing an air valve on a sewer, the diameter of the pipes must be selected correctly.

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This factor influences the division:

1. The receiving aerator has a diameter of 20 cm. The device is equipped with a filter that retains solid suspensions. This option is mounted on a horizontal highway.
2. Ball devices are fixed to pipes with a small diameter. The device uses a ball part as a shutter.
3. Inter-flange devices are characterized by compactness and low weight. Products are available as walk-through or corner. The shutter is represented by a special plate.

It is worth classifying products according to the method of fastening. The devices can be installed by welding. This option is not suitable for residential premises. For pipes with a small diameter, fasteners with couplings are suitable.

If the valve does not have a fastening element, it is clamped between the flanges. Fixation through flanges using a seal is also often used.

Features of operation

Installation nuances sewer device are regulated by special norms of SNiP. In order for the device to serve for a long time, it is necessary to monitor its serviceability and regularly check the quality of operation.

1. Problems can be caused by the rod or membrane sticking in one place.
2. If the device is jammed in open form, sewer odors may enter the room.
3. When stopped in a closed state, the water seals may fly off.

The special strength of the design and systematic testing of the device will allow you to avoid emergency situations.

Installing the device in combination with fan or ventilation outlets helps to avoid failure of water seals.

If the device has ceased to cope with its duties, then the reason may be a malfunction of the sewer system as a whole. In this case, you need to pay attention to whether household appliances were recently installed - a washing machine or dishwasher.

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When draining under pressure of water into the sewer system, the functioning of the system may be disrupted. In such a situation, it is recommended to set additional device, providing work household appliances.

What do we pay attention to when choosing an air valve?

When selecting a suitable device, it is important to take into account the features of the fastener, pressure parameters in the system, and the direction of the structure. Also taken into account following features:

1. Parts must be made from materials High Quality with resistance to aggressive components.
2. Possibility of design adjustment manually.
3. IN modern models there are protective mechanisms against rodents that can come from the sewer.

Installing an air valve in the sewer will forever rid home owners of the stench from the pipes. Installation useful device It will not only eliminate the problem with odors, but will also help save money on repairing the riser.

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The ventilation pipe of the sewer system is necessary to draw air into the area of ​​vacuum created when the liquid is drained. It removes unpleasant odors from the house. An air valve for sewerage, which has many operational advantages, can replace the vent riser. It is installed indoors, which eliminates icing, and the working mechanism only for air suction will prevent unpleasant odors from escaping from the system.

Device, design and operation of the valve

Working mechanisms and appearance Different aerators have slight differences, but their general design is the same.

The valve consists of:

1. The body and the top removable cap are made of PVC material. The cover is firmly connected to the body and is necessary for servicing the working mechanism.
2. There is a hole on the side. Air is sucked through it into the sewer system.
3. The operating mechanism can be made of a rod with a valve or a membrane. Regardless of design, it operates in one direction.

The main purpose of the aerator is to compensate for the pressure inside the pipeline and prevent unpleasant odors from escaping from the sewer into the room. When using household appliances that drain a lot of water during operation, the load on the sewer system increases. Siphon and fan boner it is no longer enough, this is where the air valve comes to the rescue.

While in sewer pipe The water does not drain, the mechanism is in its original state of rest. The pressed membrane or valve tightly closes the aerator, preventing unpleasant odors from escaping from the system into the room. The movement of liquid through the pipes during draining changes the internal pressure, creating a vacuum. This triggers the mechanism.

The valve opens slightly and suction occurs clean air through a side opening from the room into the system. The air pressure inside the system equals atmospheric pressure closes the valve, returning the mechanism to rest mode.

As you can see, the aerator works on the principle of a siphon, only the latter is not able to withstand strong air shocks, which leads to the breakdown of the water lock. Often this picture is observed when flushing a full toilet tank. A high pressure drop breaks the siphon water seal, standing nearby washbasin

If we talk about the operation of the air valve, the difference in atmospheric pressure prevents dirty air from the system from penetrating into the room through the open valve during its operation. According to the laws of physics, the movement of air masses from the zone low pressure into the high zone – impossible.

Existing types

The operating principle of all aerators is the same, but their internal structure, dimensions and appearance may differ.

Size difference

Air valves produce different sizes. The most popular devices for home sewage systems are those with a diameter of 110 mm and 50 mm.

The size of the aerator affects the location of its installation:

1. A product with a diameter of 110 mm is installed on sewer riser, extending from the building into the attic space. Alternatively, a 110 mm valve can be mounted on an additional riser inside the bathroom, provided that a second aerator with a diameter of 110 mm will be installed in the attic.
2. A valve with a diameter of 50 mm is capable of servicing one or two plumbing fixtures and is installed on a sewer pipe directly next to them. Installation of a 50 mm aerator is required when transitioning a pipe from one diameter to another or when the horizontal pipeline is long. In the latter case, it must be maintained correct slope, otherwise the aerator will not work.

The choice of installation location also determines the type of product, or, more precisely, the functionality of its mechanism.

Difference by type

In addition to sizes, aerators come in different modifications. This must be taken into account not only when choosing a product, but also during installation.

Features of the valve mechanism operation divide the product into the following types:

Aerators can work with horizontal and vertical pipelines, which must be taken into account when choosing a suitable model.

Difference in mechanism design

Depending on the working mechanism, air intake products are divided into several types:

1. The receiving type of mechanism operates on a horizontal pipeline. If there is pumping equipment, then a vacuum aerator is placed in front of the pump. Thanks to the built-in filter, solid fractions that cause harm to pipes are retained.
2. The wafer design is classified as a primitive type. The valve is mounted between the two ends of a cut pipe with a diameter of 110 mm. Due to the flanges, the tightness of the connection is achieved.
3. A valve designed for installation in horizontal pipelines with a diameter of 50 mm is equipped with a ball mechanism. The name of the mechanism comes from the ball valve located inside the case.

Aerators equipped with a rotary or petal mechanism are not installed on sewer risers with large diameter pipes. This is due to weak spool valves, which often break.

IMPORTANT! Regardless of the design and installation location, air valves must not be installed on an incline or horizontally.

Installation features that need to be taken into account when installing the product

When choosing a place to install the aerator, you need to take into account the year-round indoor air temperature. It should always be positive. The end of the riser with the valve must rise 150 mm above the highest entry point of the pipe extending from any plumbing fixture. If there is a grating on the floor indoors, the product rises 350 mm above it.

When choosing an installation location, it is necessary to provide free access. Over time, the mechanism will require revision or repair. It is important to pay attention to the air capacity markings indicated on the housing and take care of a tight connection between the product and the pipe.

Self-installation of the valve

If you have to install an air valve for the sewer system in an apartment, you must turn off the water supply and warn your neighbors to avoid flooding the room with sewage. In a private home, such problems, as a rule, do not arise.

The installation process is simple and does not require special skills. On a riser, the aerator is simply installed vertically into the pipe hole. For tightness, rubber sealing rings are used. To make it easier for the product to move along the seals, they are lubricated with silicone.

On horizontal pipelines, the valve is placed at the highest point. Here you may need a tee for insertion. Its side outlets are connected to the two edges of the cut pipe, and an aerator is vertically attached to the middle outlet. When installing the product at the entrance of a horizontal pipeline near plumbing equipment, the valve is placed along the arrow on the body, indicating the direction of fluid movement.

The aerator is not equipment for mandatory installation, but it brings great benefits. If you are not sure about the need to install the product, it is better to seek advice from specialists.

As important as the life support component of a home is, the air valve is its main part. The aerator will also solve the problem of extraneous sounds from the depths of the sewer. Residents of the first floors can sleep peacefully; the operating principle of the device will make it impossible for sewerage to penetrate into the apartment if an air lock occurs in the system. What size of the two existing 100/50 mm devices should be installed and what installation scheme do experts advise to choose?

Purpose and design

The design of all aerators is the same. The housing, made of PVC, has a removable top cover with reliable fastening. The cover is needed for maintenance, inspection and repair of the device. Side opening for air supply or release and valve movement mechanism. The mechanism can be a rod or a membrane acting in one direction.

Air valve device for sewerage

The main task of this device is to compensate the pressure in sewer system and prevent odors from entering the room. Modern household appliances create additional load on the sewer system and a riser on the roof is no longer enough, as well as a siphon.

At rest, stable pressure in the sewer system presses the membrane, making the aerator closed. When water is drained, the atmospheric pressure in the sewer system changes and the air becomes rarefied. The aerator opens the membrane and lets air into the sewer, drawing it through the side hole. When the air pressure equals atmospheric pressure, the valve closes. The water lock in the siphon cannot contain sudden air shocks and sewer gases enter the room. This phenomenon is especially noticeable when draining water from the toilet tank.

Operating principle of the aerator

It is the difference in atmospheric pressure that prevents gases from entering the room during the opening of the membrane. Air from a zone with low atmospheric pressure cannot physically enter the zone high pressure. When the sewage flows back, the valve remains closed, making access to the room impossible.

Aerator sizes: 110 or 50 mm

Modifications of sewer aerators may differ both in appearance and in internal structure, but they are all united according to the principle of action. Aerators are available in different sizes. The most popular sewer aerators are of the following sizes:

• a modification measuring 110 mm is installed on a common sewer pipe, which has access to the attic. In the bathroom of a private house or apartment, the aerator can be mounted on an auxiliary riser, and one of the aerators must be placed in the attic;

Connecting the air valve to the sewer

• A 50 mm aerator is installed near plumbing fixtures. One aerator of this format is designed to serve one, maximum two plumbing fixtures. Such an aerator is required for installation if the length of the horizontal pipe is large enough or if there is a pipe transition different diameters. For the device to work correctly, the pipes must have a horizontal slope.

Advice. To avoid exposing the aerator installed on the drain pipe to washing or dishwasher, excessive load, it is worth installing it at the top of the sewer riser.

Installation of aerators

Installing the air valve yourself is not at all difficult. This is done as follows:

• Before starting work, ask your neighbors not to flush water down the drain for a while. After this, dismantle the pipe;
• According to the rules, you need to prepare the pipe: cut it to size and remove nicks at the ends. An exception may be the air valve for the drain pipe. It is usually a device with a lid that is mounted on the end of the pipe;

Aerator installation process

• To make the connection airtight, a rubber gasket is placed in the socket. If the connection is installed using a thread, then instead of a gasket, FUM is wound onto the thread. Now the aerator itself is installed.

Only one air valve is rarely installed in one apartment. Any of them should be installed within easy reach for visual inspection or repair. Preventative cleaning is carried out annually. Membrane devices cleaned more often.

Advice. When installing the device, check the direction of waste water on the housing with the direction of sewer water.

Installation features

The device comes with operating and installation instructions, which you should read first, but there are some other subtleties:

If in one wiring diagram If you plan to install several aerators, then the distance from one device to another is at least a meter.

Sewer aerator at work

1. The presence of a sewer aerator does not require a separate ventilation shaft.
2. If the sewer system is located under floor covering, then the valve is mounted at least 35 cm from the floor surface. The same distance is laid if there is a grate in the floor.
3. The highest point of the drain should be located at least a meter from the floor.
4. Sewage aerators must not be installed in unheated rooms. The riser that faces attic space, needs additional insulation.
5. The aerator is installed in a socket; this sequence cannot be violated.

Correct installation of the device in compliance with all these rules will avoid clogging of the aerator with sewage.

Selection rules

What should you consider when going to the store to buy an air valve?

Vacuum valve

Here is a list of the main points:

1. Orientation of the sewer system.
2. Type of device: membrane, combined, lever, vacuum, cylindrical. With ball or swivel mechanism.
3. Nominal pressure.
4. Device size and installation method.
5. Material of manufacture and its strength.
6. Possibility of manual adjustment of the device in case of its breakdown. If the valve gets stuck in the “closed” position, the water seals may break.
7. The design must have a unit that will prevent rodents from entering the premises from the sewer.

An aerator is not the most impressive investment for a home, and it does not require expensive installation work. Its effectiveness in eliminating odors and the need for installation is beyond doubt.

Why do you need an aerator: video

Aerator for sewerage: photo

The sewer system in an apartment and a private house is designed according to the same principle. from various plumbing fixtures They go into the riser by gravity, and from there they enter the septic tank or collector. An air valve for the sewer system is necessary to ensure that no unpleasant odors appear in the rooms where the sink and bathtub, toilet and other appliances are installed.

Each device must be equipped with a hydraulic shutter. Usually this is a curved product made of plastic, where a certain amount of water is constantly located. It prevents unpleasant air from the sewer system from entering the room.

What causes odors?

When there are no clogs in the sewer system, but occasionally appear, this may be caused by the simultaneous drainage of used water from various devices. Because of this, a certain vacuum of air occurs in the pipe, which can squeeze out the liquid in hydraulic valves. This causes the unimpeded flow of air, as well as various unpleasant odors from the septic tank or sewer. It was to get rid of this effect that an air valve for sewerage was created, which takes on the task of equalizing the pressure in the pipes.

Its design is quite simple and consists of the following elements:

Rod - the main part of the device, which serves to open and close the hole located on the side;

Housing with a side opening for air intake;

Rubber gasket responsible for the tightness of the control element;

The air valve for sewerage is usually produced in two sizes: for a general riser - 110 mm, and also for individual plumbing fixtures - 50 mm.

How does he work?

The non-return air valve for sewerage operates quite simply. If water is drained simultaneously from several plumbing fixtures, especially in large multi-storey buildings, some air vacuum is created in the riser. Under the influence of a large water flow, pressure increases, and then it drops at the same rapid pace. If there is no ventilation common pipe, then the side hole is opened by the air valve membrane, which allows air to enter the riser. After the pressure normalizes, the device closes. This is how the air valve for the sewer system controls the pressure of the riser and, if necessary, regulates it. In addition, it protects the water seals of devices from emptying, so unpleasant odors do not enter the room.

Air valve for sewerage: where to put it?

The device can be placed in utility room at home or in the attic. There are two options for one product for a common sewer riser or a separate vacuum device for each plumbing fixture. Installation is carried out in the upper zone of the riser; it should be no lower than 100-150 millimeters from the highest point of connection of the devices. IN emergency situation it won't be flooded wastewater. You can connect the product directly into the pipe, or you can use a tee or elbow.

An air valve for sewerage, the price of which starts from 1,500 rubles, is an indispensable device for organizing comfortable conditions accommodation.