Good afternoon, today we will again build gazebos for the dacha, but of a different model. Before that, we created it step by step. Then we had an article-lesson on construction based on an Italian pergola canopy. And today we’ll look at how to make a gazebo WITH A GIVEN ROOF with your own hands so that water flows in both directions. (We will look at hipped roofs and round hexagonal gazebos in the following articles.)

In this article I will no longer dwell too much on the foundation for a summerhouse gazebo. Both the foundation and all the methods for installing support pillars with your own hands - I have already explained all this in the above-mentioned linked articles. Here I will spend more time roof installation- This is the most painstaking part of the work. I will delve into this issue in great detail - and show different types designs roofs for the gazebo, so that you choose the method to create gable roof which is easier for you.

So that everything is realized and clear, I will give photo of a step-by-step master class for creating such gazebos. And also us let's delve into the drawings and let's understand the very essence of this design - on professional level. After this article, you will become almost a pro - you will be able to draw your own diagrams and implement them in practice. You will know and be able to do EVERYTHING:

• What is a gable roof?
• Types of gazebos with a gable roof.
• Master class on building a gazebo for those who are scared.
• Roof with two front rafters and purlins.
• Gazebo for the dacha under a roof supported on a crossbar.
• Gazebo roof with ridge girder on a stand.
• Roofing for summerhouse with a supporting jib.
• Roof for a gazebo, with struts on thin rafters.

That is, we will go gradually, arouse desire, remove fear, and then give knowledge - that’s all necessary knowledge so that you can make a gazebo with your own hands at your dacha. And they were stunned with admiration for themselves.

So, forward to the future. A gazebo awaits us.

To start the love, let's figure out what gazebos with a gable roof are.

(by the way, according to the rules of the Russian language, it is permissible to say both “DvUKhskatnaya” and “Dvukhskatnaya”, so I will periodically use this word this way and that).

What is a gazebo

with a gable roof.

In the photo below we see a classic gazebo of this type. It stands on 6 pillars. The walls of the gazebo are covered with lattice panels made of slats, stuffed diagonally crosswise. These panels are easy to make yourself - measure, cut, and nail.

The shape of such a gazebo can be elongated(deep as a corridor), or wide(like a stage in a theater).

Wall panels can cover Not all openings between the support pillars so that the gazebo can be entered from any side as in the photo below.

A heavy roof covered with metal tiles can be propped up for reliability additional central pillar as in the photo below. And the foundation for a heavy monolithic gazebo can be pour high and durable, as we see in the photo.

And wall cladding can be too with different patterns- arrangement of slats and planks (at the bottom vertical boards, cross lathing at the top).

Now we will begin, and you yourself will feel what a variety of gazebo designs you can make with your own hands - based on the SAME frame.

And one more wall of the gazebo can be covered with a STOVE FACADE. That is, create a barbecue area with your own hands right in the gazebo at your dacha.

Is not it

make a gazebo like this

EASY with your own hands?

You doubt your abilities. You've never made a gazebo before. It seems challenging task for you.

But remember how easy it was for you to build with a construction set as a child. In that era, you didn't doubt your abilities—you just took parts and put them together. Simply and easily. With my own hands.

The truth is that a gazebo is also a construction kit.

This is also 1) take parts 2) connect them to each other 3) take more parts 4) and attach them again.

You are looking at the photo below. And it seems that such a building is not for a simple country homebody like you. And for graduates of a construction college.

But no. After you reach the end of the article, you will be confident in your construction potential.

A gazebo is a construction set for adult boys.

There you are step-by-step master class- where the guy assembles the gazebo with his own hands - make sure that there is nothing scary there.

Preparing a site for a gazebo at the dacha- pour the foundation from cement screed, or we drive a pile point foundation.

We place support beams on top of the pillars (photo below), so that they don't sag we strengthen them with JUTTERS (short diagonal beams that are stuffed at the top at the corners of the support pillars)

Let's prepare the hashorses. We saw off two beams with an oblique end - we nail this oblique cut of the beams to each other - we get rafter PAIR in the shape of an obtuse angle.

We install the rafter pair on the roof of the gazebo. Mark with a pencil where to make the cut - slot-groove, which will fit onto the horizontal beams of the supports - a groove at the left end and right end of the rafter pair.

Below you can see how the notch (triangular notch) is put on the beam.

We make 5 such rafter pairs (or more if the size of the gazebo requires it).

During the installation of rafter pairs, you need to check DISTANCE between rafter heels(below) and between the rafter tops (above).

To prevent the rafter pairs from bending under the weight of the roof, we nail additional elements - supports– crossbars, beams, racks (below we will get to know them better, in diagrams, drawings and live photos, and the words “crossbar”, “tightening”, “mauerlat” will not scare you).

You see - every step in itself SIMPLE. This means your work is a chain of SIMPLE STEPS.

Calmly, without rushing, we measure, cut, connect. Like a construction set for giants. A little heavy in weight, inconvenient in size - but with the help strong hands, your own and your partner, everything is feasible.

First STEP – select the foundation and install the pillars- link ""

SECOND STEP – we place the ROOF STRUCTURE on these pillars. And in order to choose a roof that suits your needs, you need to find out what types of rafter systems are available. And choose the gazebo roofing device that suits you based on the material you have in stock.

LET'S UNDERSTAND

How to make rafter systems

For a gazebo at the dacha.

The rafter structures on the roof of a summerhouse gazebo can be different. Now I will show you several types. And you will choose the appropriate option for your gazebo at the dacha (based on the material that is available and what you can afford).

Roof for gazebo

Rafter structure No. 1

2 rafter pairs + many purlins.

Look at the photo below. There are only 2 pairs of rafters - on the front facade and on the rear facade of the gazebo.

And on these two pairs of rafters there are PURPANS - longitudinal narrow boards laid on the edge. They are fastened in a groove manner - that is, a groove is cut into them, and they are simply put on the gable rafters.

The rafters lie on an additional support - in the center of the gazebo we see a support pillar, which is higher than the side pillars (those in the corners of the gazebo).

In order for the rafter support to withstand all these purlin boards, it was reinforced with a COMBIN (this is a horizontal board stuffed just below the top of the roof and connecting the left and right rafters.

Very interesting design. And it’s easy to repeat with your own hands. Even just from a photo. Everything is visible and transparently clear. How finished drawing. The assembly diagram is clear to the naked eye.

Here another canopy for a summer house– where is the same principle rafter system.

Do you see? The same drawing - only here the beams are larger, and therefore not so many are needed - 2 edge, one central, and 2 intermediate.

And here spacer principle of laying rafters - that is, the rafters rest only on external walls supports The only thing that is here crossbar board, which additionally tightens the rafter pair.

Here in the photo below is another frame of a gazebo for a summer house, where is the roof also reinforced with a crossbar.

And here too - the beams on which the roof rests rest on the GED. And then pay attention. To prevent sagging, the pediment is supported by a short beam-post.

Roof for gazebo

Rafter structure No. 2

Lots of rafters with crossbars.

(+ connection diagram for rafter legs)

And here is another interesting gazebo for a summer house, where the rafter pairs are also placed with their sawn grooves on the side horizontal support beams.

Each pair of rafters has a crossbar (a horizontal plank just below the top of the meeting rafters).

And here on the central facade - installed 2 additional middle support posts– and they are HIGHER than the edge pillars. And they provide additional support for the gable rafters.

And here let’s see exactly how you can connect the RAFTER LEGS to each other - we're talking about about the node (the junction of the two ends of the rafters) at the top of our roof.

Below are options for such nodes. You can drive the nails in - diagonally, so that the nail shaft enters the adjacent rafter at an angle. We drive the nails at a distance from each other so that they do not meet or intersect inside.

And in addition, we screw the OVERLAY between the rafter ends. The role of the lining can be performed by a steel mounting plate or a flat piece of wood.

And the connection of the rafter legs can be made using the PAWS TO PAWS method, that is, joint to joint through cuts. We cut out rectangular notches along the edges of the rafter legs. And we put them on top of each other - groove into groove. Secure with a bolt and nut.

Roof for gazebo

Rafter structure No. 3

Ridge run ON STAND.

But in the photo below we see that the rafters have additional support in the form of a long ridge beam (ridge girder, such a central beam is called, under the very top of the roof).

This top beam (ridge girder) lies on small posts made of timber - they stand on the front and rear gables of the roof.

Let me show you here how it works. Your rafters can be attached to such a ridge beam using the groove method (as in the drawing below. And the ridge itself is supported by a metal mounting angle.

A rafter beams may have a connection into a rafter pair, also reinforced with a perforated steel plate.

Once again, to make it clear, this kind of canopy for a summer house gazebo is also made with the construction of a construction beam and ridge girder. Build a canopy, sheathe the walls - we get a gazebo made of timber.

According to this scheme - with a ridge girder on a column, you can make a gazebo from hewn(with natural irregularities) or rounded(i.e. leveled) log.

Step-by-step master class

gazebo roofs

with ridge run.

Here step by step photos, devices like this gable roof to the gazebo for the dacha. Here we see what they do first wall frame. Install a spot pile foundation. The beams of the LOWER FRAME are placed on it. The beams-pillars are installed on the frame (on perforated steel fasteners). And the upper horizontal beams are placed on the beams-pillars.

On the upper beams of the perimeter of the gazebo - place PULLERS (these are transverse support beams) - three more pieces.

In total it turns out 5 tie-beams. On each tie beam we place a short POST. We place a long RIDGE RUNNER on these posts.

And already on this ridge run we begin to lay the RAFTERS. First, the facade ones - the front rafter pair and the rear one.

And then we also lay 5 pairs of rafters between them. That's all The roof frame is ready.

Below is a frame of a gazebo made of timber, made according to the same roofing scheme. As you can see, everything is the same - the only differences are in size, in the steepness of the roof slope (that is, the angle of the rafters).

EVERYTHING CAN BE DIFFERENT - different angle between the rafters, different widths, different heights. You don't need exact dimensions- you can select all lengths based on the material (timbers and boards) that you have. You are free in your construction - the main thing is to understand the ESSENCE, THE GENERAL LAW. It’s like sex, the essence of the action is clear, the rest is up to your imagination.

And this one wooden gazebo canopy also made according to this principle. Only here there is a very short block-post, and it does not stand like a post on a cross beam - but PUT ON IT, because it has a deep groove-claw inside itself. And with this paw it is put on the support beam-tightening of the pediment (and is attached to four self-tapping screws).

And here in the photo of the gazebo below, we also see a pillar-support that is attached in the same groove way.

And the photo below shows us this... If you want to to make not just a gazebo for a summer house, but a large tent for a wedding... Then such support posts can be in the PLURAL. In the photo below there are four of them - because the central beam of the ridge girder is too long - and if it lay only on the edge posts, then it would sag in its middle (under the weight of the rafters).

Along the length of the gazebo we fill transverse BEAMS-TIGHTENINGS. We put stands on them. And we put a long ridge run on top. And we put the rafters on it, and on the rafters we put thin beams of ordinary purlins.

Also, there is another way to provide strong support for a ridge beam. Here we see in the photo below. That in addition to the support post on the pediment, the ridge girder is also held on the left and right by LONG JOBS that go obliquely- from the support posts, through the horizontal gable beam and to the ridge beam itself under the top of the roof.

This is also a good and relatively simple way to strengthen the support for the ridge prod. Especially if there are heavy rafters and roofing on it.

And the ridge girder can lie without support in the form of a post. For this they use pinching method. When a horizontal crossbar is placed on the rafters on both sides (under the intended location of the ridge beam). A ridge purlin is placed on this crossbar, and it is also fixed on top with a crossbar.

Here are some other ways laying rafter pairs on the RIDGE RUNNER. See how many options there are. You can choose any of those for which the material and fasteners are available.

The crossbar can be positioned LOWER than the ridge run itself. And then INSERT A SUPPORT-STAND between the crossbar and the ridge beam. It is highlighted in the photo below dark color wood

Roof for gazebo

Rafter structure No. 5

Rafters on tie rods and struts.

And also the rafters, if they are heavy, are reinforced with additional supports.

Each rafter at the bottom is fixed with a tie beam. There is a post on it. And diagonal STRATS extend from the rack like rays to the left and right. Their role is to prevent the rafters from sagging under the weight of the roof.

This design of roofs WITH STRATS is used if the role of rafters is played by thin beams that are not very strong. And in order to prevent them from bending, they are strengthened in this way.

And most often, the struts simply have a decorative function - with them the roof looks more elegant and solid. The result is symmetry and harmony of the pattern.

Fasteners for such a design can also be not only reliable, but also decorative - decorative. If you have connections at a metal-cutting company, then you can cut such beautiful perforated plates from metal.

By the same principle (same scheme) you can use not a cut beam, but a hewn log.

These are the roofing structures for a gazebo with my own hands that I have chewed for you. As much as I could.

Now let's see how, with your mind and hands, you can make the work of building such a building easier for yourself. wooden gazebo for the dacha.

For the construction of a gazebo

With a gable roof.

Of course, you still have a lot of questions that I haven’t answered yet. Let's take a look key points building a gazebo with your own hands, namely...

• What types of attachment points are there for rafters to the roof support?
• How to lift heavy rafters onto the roof of a gazebo.
• And what type of roofing to choose for a gazebo with your own hands.

Let's figure it out.

Question No. 1

HOW to raise rafters

on the roof of the gazebo

The answer is, with the help of special equipment, or like this - by dragging, along boards, by a rope, with your own hands.

Question No. 2

How to secure a rafter leg

on support beams.

Support beams for installing rafter legs called MAUERLATS. Below I have collected several drawings with diagrams for installing a Rafter PAIR to a side mauerat beam.

Installation method with metal bracket fasteners. You can do this with a SAW (cut a notch-groove in the rafter leg). Or make a regular even cut on the rafter heel - close to the support beam.

Below we see other methods - when the rafter leg is cut down exactly with an OBLIQUE CUT - exactly under the mauerlat - and then here you can screw the same fasteners (as in the picture above), either onto nails (diagram in the middle), or onto a bracket (third picture below ).

You can use fasteners ON STEEL CORNERS.

There are also 2 options here. One with a grooved groove (notch) in the rafter leg. And the second option, where the rafter leg simply lies on top of the mauerlat - and is clamped with horizontal TIGHTENING BOARDS. And it is these puffs that are already attached with corners to the Mauerlat.

But in the photo below we see GROOVE method of laying rafters – you can make a SHAPE in the rafter leg (suitable for the support beam). Or cut out 2 cuts - in the rafter leg and in the support beam.

And here methods of laying a rafter leg with fixation on two nails. WITH wooden base(thin board) or a triangular wooden heel lining.

Is there some more interesting type of fastener - SLIDING . It was invented for the reason that wood is a living material. This means it breathes - it swells from moisture, then it dries out - and over time, it itself shrinks, which can reach 8%. And so that the fastening units do not suffer from such changes, a sliding fastening of the rafters was invented.

Well, now let's see how we will lay the roof on our gazebo.

ROOFING

Gazebo roofs

With my own hands.

ROOFINGONDULIN - soft butyne tiles.

If are you planning to install a soft roof in the form of a flexible roof? bitumen shingles, then we must cover the roof completely with boards - make casing without gaps.

Put waterproofing on it. And on top there are layers of ondulin - we start from the edge of the roof and slowly move towards the ridge of the gazebo roof. Here in the photo below you can see the principle by which layers of tiles are laid on a gazebo.

SHEET ROOF

(Metal tiles, metal profiles, slate)

But in the photo below we see the process of laying sheets of metal profiles (ribbed plates) or sheets of metal tiles). In the photo below there are sheets of melamine profile (but also another sheet material fits according to the same principle).

YOU can lay roofing sheets directly on our roof purlins (beams nailed into the rafters).

Or, if you want to protect your roof from leaking (in the place where the slate is pierced by a nail), you can cover the entire roof of the gazebo with WATERPROOFING MATERIAL (any brand, not necessarily expensive) before covering it with sheets. We unroll the insulation roll onto the roof - like a rug. And we put slats on top of the rafters - which press this waterproofing gasket to the rafters of the gazebo.

Then, on top of the slats, PURPLE SLATS are stuffed - those onto which it will be convenient to nail roofing sheets. Or the entire roof is sheathed with boards - if you are going to lay flexible roofing material (such as ondulin) on it.

You can also lay ceramic tiles on slats of a suitable pitch (fastening with self-tapping screws).

How to coverroof ridge girder.

The area at the top of the gazebo roof is the ridge area. Let's see how we can cover it. If you are making a roof with slate, you can do it as you did everything before - the ridge edge was covered with sheets of galvanized tin (this is a flexible metal sheet).

To have something to nail it to, you can stuff it in the upper part of the roof. wide boards on both sides, and at the top, if desired, lay a MIDDLE RAIL, as was done in the photo below.

When laying tiles, special ridge elements are laid on top of the ridge ridge of the gazebo roof. Here in the photo below we see exactly this.

Ceramic round tiles can themselves become the roofing element of the crown of the gazebo roof. To do this, round tiles need to be placed close to each other along the ridge. And so that the seams between the pieces of round tiles didn't leak- apply before installation roll waterproofing . Or (if it doesn’t exist) you can do it the old fashioned way put on cement mortar (knead the same as for brickwork). We can see a photo of the gazebo roof using this method just below.

Here's another good point- in the photo below - roof edge treatment– special profiles for roofing. So the upper edges of the gazebo with your own hands will look perfect, just like it was done by professionals (but this is not necessary, purely at your request and mother-in-law’s requirement).

These are the ideas and tips for building a gazebo with a gable roof.

There is nothing complicated here. Just painstaking work. Simple, not quick – it takes a few days – work.

Now you can start... continue... and finish.

• About the foundation for the gazebo and the installation of support pillars -
• Article about gazebos with flat roof- Here
• Article about cubic gazebo modules – here

Good luck to you country house construction gazebos

Olga Klishevskaya, especially for the site

The roof of the gazebo, if it is made of reliable material, will provide protection from raindrops and scorching sun, thereby ensuring a comfortable stay in any weather. It will probably be superfluous to say that the roof should be of high quality, durable, durable and visually attractive, combined with and in harmony with - this is well understood by everyone. The only question that remains is how to cover the roof of the gazebo to ensure that all these requirements are met. Let's consider all possible options to find the perfect one for gazebos different sizes, shapes and style.

No. 1. What should you consider when designing a gazebo roof?

When choosing material for the roof of the gazebo, consider the following nuances:

No. 2. Gazebo roof shape

No. 5. Flexible tiles for gazebo roofs

No. 9. Natural tiles for gazebos

For those who have sufficient funds and want to get a functional and beautiful gazebo, this is perfect - almost ideal roofing material. It can be ceramic or cement-sand, and among main advantages note:

• excellent appearance and environmental friendliness;
• resistance to moisture, heat, temperature changes, fire;
• durability, up to 100 years;
• high strength;
• good heat and sound insulation properties. The air in the gazebo will not get very hot in the heat, and raindrops will not cause a booming noise;
• the possibility of arranging roofs of complex shapes;
• maintainability, because if something happens, one or more damaged elements can be easily replaced.

Unfortunately, here too not without its downsides:

No. 10. Original materials for the gazebo roof

The choice of traditional materials is large, but if among them you still haven’t found one that could cover the roof of the gazebo, then perhaps look for a suitable solution from less common materials:

• textile usually used for arranging temporary portable gazebos, which are installed in the country only in the summer. Thick acrylic fabric is usually used for this. processed moisture-repellent substances. It does not get wet, does not fade or fade, can be of any shade and will be an excellent decoration for a gazebo. Raincoat fabric is less commonly used, which also perfectly repels water, but has more modest aesthetic qualities;
• straw, reeds and reeds will allow you to create a nice, cozy gazebo in country style. The lathing is installed in increments of 35 cm. If the straw or reeds are well compacted, they will have difficulty igniting, but it does not hurt to treat the material with fire retardants just in case;
• "living" roof is arranged when creating “living” gazebos. It is difficult to form and lets raindrops through, but in such a gazebo it will be especially cozy and cool on a hot day. Can also be used climbing plants, which will braid the frame and create a dense green canopy.
  

When choosing a suitable roofing material for a gazebo, consider the style of the site and the material of the walls. For example, eco-style involves using only natural materials(straw, shingles, tiles), and high-tech allows you to safely use polycarbonate; a light thatched roof is suitable for walls made of wicker, and a roof made of slate or tiles is suitable for brick walls. The gazebo can be decorated with a weather vane, flowers and thin airy curtains.

After outbuildings and residential buildings, novice summer residents and owners of private houses strive to create a comfortable recreation area with their own hands. personal plot. Since for most Russians the process of restoring strength after a working week is associated with cheerful feasts and barbecues in the open air, not a single yard can do without beautiful gazebo. It creates a pleasant shade on hot days and protects from rain and wind in bad weather.

If making a house with your own hands is quite difficult, then self installation gazebos can be built even by a novice builder with no practical experience. The best option for inexperienced craftsmen - square or rectangular structures, which are suitable for a hipped roof, which makes the simple design original.

Appearance and performance characteristics

A four-slope roof for a gazebo is a roof consisting of four slopes. For structures of different geometries, you can make different kinds DIY roofing:

It is more complex and more expensive than, for example, a gable one, but the costs of building it with your own hands will pay for themselves because:

1. It protects more effectively from rainwater, diverting flows due to a larger number of slopes.
2. Large overhang hipped roof They retain the heat accumulated during a sunny day for a long time, which is very useful for long evening gatherings.
3. The slopes of the hip roof provide excellent protection from the annoying rays of the sun, while still allowing you to enjoy a beautiful view of the surrounding area.
4. The reliability and rigidity of the hip and hip roof structure does not bother homeowners with maintenance and current repairs. It doesn’t even have to be cleared of snow in winter, as it slides off without staying on the roof surface.
5. A hip roof makes it possible to build it yourself. Since the gazebo is a small structure, you can cover it yourself with the help of two people.
6. Affordable price for necessary Construction Materials does hipped roof very inexpensive solution for the gazebo.

Selection and preparation of building materials

When building a hipped roof for a gazebo with your own hands, you will need wood for installing the rafter system, a film for waterproofing, roofing material and fasteners. Need to purchase:

• A beam with a cross section of 100x100 mm or 150x150 mm, which is used to make the Mauerlat. Choose a smooth, durable block, without cracks, traces of mold or rot. The same material is required for vertical posts and ties.
• Boards with a section of 50x150 mm and 100x150 mm for the manufacture of rafter legs. Keep in mind that the length of diagonal rafters is longer than ordinary rafters and may exceed the dimensions of standard lumber. Experienced craftsmen It is recommended to make diagonal rafters from boards twice as thick as ordinary ones. To do this, you can either purchase a larger section or join two standard boards.
• Unedged board 30x100 mm or 40x100 mm for installation of sheathing. Since the sheathing will be covered by roofing material, lumber of the second or even third grade will be suitable.
• Slats 30x30 mm, which are used as counter-lathing.
• Wind and cornice board.

Since wood is a natural material, it is susceptible to bacteria and moisture. These unfavorable factors worsen the condition of the rafter system, reducing its service life and leading to collapse. However, antiseptic treatment will protect the wood. The hipped roof for the gazebo, which is planned to be equipped with a barbecue or brazier, is treated with fire retardants to prevent fires.

Rafter system design

For the gazebo, it is necessary to calculate the angle of inclination of the slopes, the height of the ridge and the load to select the cross-section of the rafters. Based on the results obtained, a drawing is drawn up showing the dimensions and mutual position elements of the rafter system, which consists of:

1. Mauerlat, a beam with a section of 100x100 or 150x150 mm, which serves as support and distributes the weight of a hipped roof. In gazebos, this task falls on the upper harness.
2. Ordinary rafter legs, top part resting on the ridge girder, and the bottom - on the mauerlat. The step between them is 60-120 cm, but not less than 3 units on each side.
3. Diagonal rafters diverging from the ridge to the corners of the gazebo
4. Narozhnikov, which are attached to the diagonal rafters from above, and to the mauerlat from below. They form a hip slope, the distance between them should not exceed 60-80 cm.
5. Ridge purlin, timber connecting the tops of the vertical posts. Ordinary rafter legs are attached to the ridge girder.
6. Racks, vertical supports installed on tie rods. The posts serve as support for the ridge girder, distributing and transferring the weight to the load-bearing pillars and foundation.
7. Tights, horizontal jumpers between rafter pairs, reducing the bursting load on the walls of the gazebo.
8. Lathing, which is necessary for laying the roof covering.

Assembly steps

After completing the installation of the gazebo frame and flooring with your own hands, proceed to the installation of a hipped roof, proceeding according to the plan:

After constructing a hipped roof with your own hands, the gazebo is almost ready for use. All that remains is to install furniture, add textiles, other decorative elements and invite guests!

Video instruction

Many owners of private houses set up a place for summer recreation on their property. To enjoy the cool wind on a hot day, you will need to build a cozy and roomy gazebo. In order for it to reliably protect owners and guests from precipitation and sun, it is worth taking care correct execution roofs. In most cases, the gable option is chosen. However, more aesthetically pleasing can be achieved by building a hipped roof for.

To build a strong and stable structure, you should adhere to the drawings and follow the recommendations of experienced builders. Such a roof will become great solution at square and rectangular shape gazebos. In the first case, it can be covered with an isosceles hipped roof.

Design stages

It is quite simple to erect a hipped roof. However, there are several features of the work that are worth considering. First you need to choose the type of construction.

Hip roofs are divided into the following types:

• Hip - a roof that has two triangular-shaped slopes.
• Half-hip - has a triangle on top and trapezoids on the sides. The design is distinguished by many broken planes.
• Tent - has four triangular slopes. They all converge at one point, located at the very top of the building. As a result of the construction of the roof, a four-sided pyramid is obtained. The basis of such a roof is a square.

Once the appropriate option has been selected. It’s time to start designing the roof.

Execution of the drawing

Once the design has been selected, you should draw general drawing future gazebo. In order for the diagram to be drawn up correctly, it is necessary to calculate the loads acting on the rafters.

The main forces acting on the rafter system:

• weight of the roof covering;
• total weight roofing pie;
• wind action;
• loads from precipitation.

The drawing should also take into account the mass of the frame that is used during construction. Also, during the calculations, the weight of all workers who will carry out the installation while on the roof is calculated. The drawing also indicates the angle of inclination of the slopes. When calculating, the main attention is paid to the mass of the roofing covering that is selected for installation.

Important! Only after the angles of inclination have been selected can you begin to install the rafter system.

When creating it, take into account:

• Section of beams, their length and weight. Also, do not forget about struts and tightening.
• Dimensions of each roof element;
• The location of all elements of the future structure.

An experienced person should do the calculations. If errors occur, the structure may not withstand the loads during operation.

Advantages

A hip roof is much more expensive and more difficult to install than a gable roof, but it has a number of undeniable advantages that are worth paying attention to:

• more effective protection from rain - provided by a large number of slopes;
• large overhangs are able to retain the heat that has accumulated during a summer day longer - this is especially important for long evening gatherings;
• stingrays hip roof are able to effectively protect people under it from the sun's rays;
• the rigidity and strength of the structure allows you to forget about frequent maintenance of the gazebo roof - even snow removal is greatly facilitated;
• You can build a hipped roof with your own hands - you will need 1-2 people for the work.

Also, a significant advantage of making such a roof is the availability of materials from which it can be constructed.

Preparation of materials

During the construction of a hipped roof, you will need to purchase wood for rafters, waterproofing film, roofing material and fasteners. Specific materials that need to be prepared:

• Beam 100x100 mm is used for the Mauerlat. You should choose the most even bar. The same bars will be needed for tightening and supports.
• Boards 50x150 mm are chosen for rafter legs. It is worth considering that the rafters located diagonally are different large sizes than ordinary people. For this reason, you can choose boards that are twice as thick.
• Unedged board 30x100 mm for sheathing. Because it will be closed roof covering, you can use boards of the second and third grade.
• The slats are 30x30 mm - the counter-lattice is made from them.
• Cornice and wind boards.

Since wood can be subject to rot and bacteria, the boards should be protected with special impregnations. Thanks to antiseptic treatment, each wooden roof element will last for several decades. The tree should also be treated with fire retardants to protect against high temperature- in case of equipping the gazebo with a barbecue.

Construction of the roof

The hipped roof of the gazebo can rest on both brick and wooden walls. You can also place a frame specially made for this under the roof. With reliable and durable walls, the construction of a roof can be compared to the installation of the roof of a residential building.

When choosing wooden supports, its installation should be done with the utmost care. First you need to check the verticality of each support. You will need a level for this. All the supports should be tied from below - this will increase the strength of the frame as a whole.

The upper jumpers are also used as strapping, the ends of which are connected using diagonal beams. With such reinforcement, the structure will acquire maximum stability.

Rafter system

After the racks are completed, the rafter system is constructed. A beam is placed on the supports, and then diagonal rafters are attached to it. They go to all corners of the gazebo. It is on them that the entire roof will rest. All slopes are formed due to the rafters.

• You should choose the length of the overhangs. If it is necessary to increase it, the sloped rafters should be increased using overhead boards.
• Install intermediate rafter boards.
• After this, the rafters are covered with waterproofing to ensure maximum protection of the frame from water.

You can install the sheathing in several ways - before waterproofing or after. In the case when selected hip roof, installation will be slightly different. After connecting the support posts with diagonal bars at the point of their convergence, they are attached to each other with metal plates.

The pole is installed here. The longer it is, the higher the roof will be. After the pillar and top corners The frame of the gazebo is connected by rafters. They should protrude beyond the edges of the external supports - to protect the gazebo from precipitation.

Roof

Roofs hipped design can be coated with almost any material. It is worth choosing the most reliable and durable one so that it lasts for more than one year. Common options:

• ondulin is the lightest material;
• ordinary slate - it will require beams of a larger cross-section;
• metal profile - it is worth considering that during rain it will make a lot of noise.

The design of a hipped roof for a gazebo is not very complicated. When performing work, all loads on the rafter system should be correctly calculated. Anyone can do this. However, if the gazebo area is large, it is better to have the drawing checked by a professional.

Every dacha or suburban area should have a place to relax fresh air. This is not why people travel tens of kilometers from home to sit within four walls! A gazebo allows you to simultaneously be outside and sit in absolute comfort. The foundation, benches, parapets - this is all very important, but the most main role The roof plays into the design. It protects from the scorching sun and rain, and in the winter season does not allow snow to fall asleep inner space. The installation of a gazebo roof has its own specifics, and in this article we will consider in detail the technology of the work.

If you are building a residential building, the lion's share of effort, attention and money goes into laying a high-quality foundation. In the case of a gazebo, the opposite is true - the main thing here is the roof. It is this that protects the interior space from bad weather, creates a special atmosphere and complements the landscape design of the site. The roof of the gazebo can be seen from afar, so it is important that it is not only reliable, but also beautiful.

There are so many varieties of roof shapes that it would take more than one page to list them all, so we will only touch on the most common ones:

Despite the differences in forms and design features, all types of roofs are united by one fact - they all consist of a rafter system, sheathing and roofing material.

Selection of roofing material

The choice of finishing coating for the gazebo roof should be approached very responsibly. Not only does it depend on him performance characteristics structure and its durability, but also the appearance of the entire site. When choosing a coating, you should not start from cost, but take into account the weight of the material, the method of its fastening and technical qualities.

So, how to cover the roof of a gazebo? First of all, the roof covering of the gazebo roof should not be heavy. Otherwise, you will have to build a rafter system for them of appropriate capacity, and thick rafters weigh a lot, so you will need to strengthen the foundation. In order not to create unnecessary problems for yourself, it is better to immediately abandon heavy ceramic tiles and similar materials.

The design of the gazebo roof must correspond to the climatic conditions of the area. This mainly concerns the angle of inclination. Information on this topic is described in detail in the relevant SNiP, but in short, the angle of inclination of the roof depends on the amount of autumn and winter precipitation, average wind speed, etc. If you live in the southern region, where the heat reaches unimaginable levels in summer, the roofing material must be fire-resistant. The same applies if you are going to place a barbecue or decorative fire pit in the gazebo.

There are hard and soft materials for arranging the roof of gazebos:

1. Rigid - tiles, slate, composite slabs on polymer based, pulp and cardboard fiberglass.
2. Soft - roofing felt, bitumen-based tiles, polycarbonate (relatively soft).

IN Lately Polycarbonate is increasingly being used to make gazebo roofs. This is a close “relative” of plastic, which has all the qualities to create perfect roof. Thus, it can be used for structures of any shape and any complexity, from single-pitched roofs to domed and hexagonal ones. Polycarbonate does not make noise during rain or hail, unlike corrugated sheets and metal tiles. This material weighs very little, which, as we have already found out, is important for a gazebo. As for aesthetics, in this regard, polycarbonate wins in all respects - a wide range of textures and colors allows you to realize any design fantasy and harmoniously fit the gazebo into the landscape.

look after polycarbonate roof almost no need - all the dirt and dust will be washed away by the rain. In extreme cases, you can wipe the surface with a rag. Despite the apparent transparency, the material protects well from the sun and does not transmit short-term UV radiation. It is able to withstand strong temperature changes, so it is suitable for use in all regions of Russia. Polycarbonate has only one drawback - upon direct contact with fire, it melts and emits acrid, toxic smoke, so this roof is not suitable for gazebos with a fireplace or barbecue.

Another popular material for arranging the roofs of gazebos is ondulin. It is attractive appearance, high strength, durability and protective characteristics. It’s easy to work with, and even a self-taught craftsman can handle the installation, especially since all you need is a saw, fasteners and a hammer.

For large structures with solid walls, it is better to choose a tiled covering. This is a rather expensive option, but such a gazebo will serve you for decades. The only negative is that over time you need to clean the surface of moss, otherwise it will be covered with a fluffy green carpet and will collapse faster.

Shingles are also often used for roofs. It consists of wooden planks made from various types of trees (spruce, fir, ash, cedar, etc.). The thickness of the planks is no more than 2cm. This wooden gazebo roof is quite durable, environmentally friendly and, to be honest, very beautiful, but the cost of wooden “tiles” sometimes makes you think about alternative solutions.

Before you begin construction or even go for materials, you need to make drawings of the roof for the gazebo. Based on them, you can calculate the amount of building materials and determine the load on the rafter system.

Things to consider during calculations:

• total weight of all parts of the rafter system;
• a mass of roofing pie;
• snow load in your region;
• wind load;
• the weight of the equipment that will be attached to the rafter system (antennas, ventilation, etc.).

The basis of the roof depends on the finishing coating and the method of its fastening. For example, roll materials They need a solid flat support, so they need to make a boardwalk or lathing from wooden slats.

Important: Pay special attention to the roof slope. First, familiarize yourself with the climatic characteristics of your region and the SNiP regulations on this topic. Not only the design of the rafter system, but also the choice of roofing material will depend on the angle of the roof. So, some of them cannot be mounted on a roof with a strong slope, and vice versa. Also, the degree of inclination of the slopes determines the installation pitch of the rafters and the fastening of the sheathing, which in turn affects the total weight of the structure. As you can see, everything is interconnected, and these points should be carefully thought through and outlined at the stage of creating the gazebo roof project.

Rafter system

As we said above, all roofs have a base - a rafter system, which determines the type and geometry of the roof itself. The main material is the rafters - wooden beams with square or rectangular cross-section. It is they who take on the main load of the roof, and the sheathing placed on the rafters evenly distributes it over the entire surface and supporting pillars.

It is very important to determine the optimal cross-section (thickness) of the rafters, and for this the following must be taken into account:

• weight of the roofing pie (finishing material, insulation, sheathing, waterproofing);
• rafter length;
• rafter installation step;
• roof slope;
• roof type.

To make the structure rigid and stable, use a rafter transom, attaching it to the rafters, as shown in the image below:

Here you can see a structure consisting of inclined rafters:

Hanging rafters create a protective canopy for the gazebo, preventing precipitation or wind from penetrating inside:

In wooden structures, the rafter legs rest against the upper crowns, and in stone ones - against the frame and beams of the mauerlat. Gazebos are rarely built of stone, and most often they are classified as a type of frame wooden structures.

Mauerlat is an integral part of any rafter system. It acts as a connecting element between the rafters and the walls of the building. To install the Mauerlat, it is laid on the upper end of the wall and attached to the floor beam with powerful brackets, bolts or using a groove connection.

The choice of supports depends on the size of the gazebo, the type of roof and the method of placing the rafters. Hanging rafters, for example, are installed without central supporting elements. Their ends rest against the walls of the structure, and between the two rafter legs there is a connecting tie, which serves as a support.

Important: If the span width is less than 8 mm, you need to make a crossbar insert between the tie and the top of the rafters so that they do not sag. If the span is more than 8 mm, it is necessary to install a special vertical element- grandma.

Bolts, staples or tightening clamps are used to secure the headstock. First, the ends of the rafters are cut into the upper part of the headstock, and then tightened with bolts and an iron plate. Then do the same with the tightening. As an alternative, you can choose “sockets” on the headstock, and make “spikes” in the struts - this will make the connection more durable and stable.

Tip: If you are building a gable roof, then to fasten the headstock it is better to use a thick wooden overlay, nailing it to the ridge. If you are using iron sheathing for this, use large bolts to secure it.

The design of a roof with 4 slopes in this regard is much simpler - there the rafters enter the headstock with spikes, and the strength is strengthened by cross-linked crossbars, which are attached to the rafters with long nails.

Remember that if there is no ceiling in the gazebo, then the back side of the roof will become a decorative component of the interior, so you should try to make it neat and beautiful. In this case, it is better to replace the crossbars with struts, then the vault will be symmetrical. This solution often concerns four- and hexagonal roofs.

Shed roof

Let's start with, perhaps, the simplest design - a pitched roof. In fact, this is an ordinary canopy located at a slight slope. To do this, it is attached to the walls at different levels. It is better to turn the slope towards the windward side so that in winter the snow is quickly blown away and does not lie on the surface. Most often in such simple gazebos there is no separate ceiling, and the back of the roof becomes a decorative part.

The choice of pitched roof angle depends on the roof covering, wind load and rainfall in your region. Thus, in arid climatic zones with light winds, the slope can be only 5°, and in areas where strong winds constantly blow, heavy rains or there is a lot of snow, the angle can reach up to 60°.

Optimal roof slope angle for finishing coating:

• metal tiles - 30°;
• roofing felt and other rolled materials - 5°;
• seam roofing – from 18° to 30°;
• slate – from 20° to 35°;
• corrugated sheeting - 8°.

If you make the roof angle less than the minimum, this will result in a lot of trouble - water will stagnate on the surface and spoil finishing coat. As a result, it will penetrate inside and the roof will begin to leak. In an area with strong winds a flat roof will be subject to heavy loads - wind currents will blow under it, trying to tear it away from the base.

For the construction of the rafter system of pitched roofs on gazebos, inexpensive coniferous wood is usually used. Before installation, all wooden elements should be treated with antiseptics and fire retardants.

Building a roof

For a pitched roof you will need a basic rafter system.

Let's look in detail at how to make a roof for a gazebo with your own hands (we will use slate as the finishing coating):

1. Lay inclined rafter beams across the mauerlat in increments of 70-80 cm, use long nails 100 or 120 cm for fastening. If the gazebo is concrete, secure the crossbar with anchors.
2. To make it easier to move at height, place wide boards on the rafters - remove them when you lay the roofing material.
3. Nail the sheathing to the rafters at a 90° angle. For lathing, slats made of 50x50 mm timber are most often used. The sheathing installation step should be such that the slate protrudes from both sides by 15-20 cm.
4. Lay waterproofing on top of the sheathing, moving from bottom to top. Lay the material overlapping each other and on the walls by 15-20 cm. Connect the sections together with wide tape. Typically, the simplest film with a thickness of 200 microns is used to waterproof the roof of a gazebo. Nail the material to the sheathing with a construction stapler.
5. Now you can start laying the slate. Make the first row at the bottom, laying the pieces of slate overlapping. The elements of the second row should also be slightly closer to the lower ones, so that water can easily drain from the roof and not get inside. At the intersection points of the sheets, nail the material to the sheathing with special slate nails. From the edges of the roof, nail each element with nails (2 pieces per sheet) at equal intervals.
6. Nail the wind board to the rafter joists at the top and bottom ends of the roof. This way the wind will not be able to tear off the slate and will not blow snow and rain under the roofing material.

As you can see, building a pitched roof on a gazebo is as easy as shelling pears. Only polycarbonate can make this job even easier. In total, everything will take you no more than 1 day.

Hip roof

The hipped roof looks attractive, is simple to implement and easy to maintain. It creates a reliable shelter from bad weather and bright sun, and besides, it perfectly complements the ensemble of buildings on the site. This roofing is suitable for square or rectangular buildings. In the case of square gazebos, it will be a hipped analogue of a conventional hip roof and will consist of isosceles triangular segments.

The best part is that almost any finishing coating can be laid on a hipped roof; it does not block the view from the inside, and if you show a little imagination, you can stylize the entire structure and make, for example, a gazebo in an oriental style.

A roof with four slopes can withstand strong wind loads even with a slight slope. Precipitation does not linger on it, so you don’t have to worry about repairs for many years. Hip roof with wide overhangs, it perfectly retains heat inside the gazebo and prevents the wind from blowing leaves, rain or snow into it.

Among the disadvantages of this type of roofing, one can highlight the need for accurate calculations and measurements, which will be difficult for a beginner to cope with. Therefore, if you are not confident in your abilities and knowledge, it is better to entrust the design stage to specialists, and take on the practical part yourself.

A useful video on how to make a roof on a gazebo will help you avoid common mistakes during installation:

For such a roof, it is necessary to correctly calculate the load and determine the characteristics of the rafter “skeleton”. To ensure proper rigidity, the installation of struts and tie-downs should be provided. The roof diagram must indicate all the information regarding the location of parts, their sizes and installation technology.

To arrange a roof with 4 slopes, several types of rafters are used:

1. Sloping elements are diagonal elements that define the very shape of the roof and can withstand heavy loads. To install them, you need to use double powerful beams.
2. Central - connect the ridge to the supporting frame. In essence, they perform the task of the Mauerlat.
3. Narozhniks are short rafters, which at one end rest against the support (mauerlat), and at the other against the slanted diagonals. Installation is carried out parallel to the central rafters.

How to take measurements

If you decide to take measurements yourself, be prepared to strictly follow the famous proverb about “Measure seven times...”, because in the case of building a roof, you will have to pay dearly for mistakes. To take measurements, use a measuring rod 2-3 m long.

Measurement stages:

1. Define the axis at the top of the support beam frame.
2. Find 1/2 of the thickness of the ridge beam.
3. Mark the point where the first center rafter will be attached.
4. Attach a measuring rod to the mark and mark the location of the second rafter.
5. Repeat the procedure for each corner of the roof.

Building a roof

The hipped roof on the gazebo can stand on wood, brick, stone or concrete walls or on a rack support frame. In the latter case, installation requires a special approach and accuracy. Make sure that all the posts are firmly secured and positioned strictly perpendicular to the ground, otherwise the roof will simply collapse. The bottom of the rack must be tied with jumpers to increase the rigidity of the frame. The jumpers located at the top simultaneously perform the function of strapping. For greater reliability, also install diagonal jumpers so that the pillars do not “move apart” under heavy load.

How to build a roof for a gazebo with your own hands:

1. Start work by installing the ridge beam, attaching it to special struts and vertical supports.
2. Under the right angle(the angle of inclination of the roof according to the requirements of SNiP) attach diagonal rafters that form the slopes.
3. Set a convenient length for the overhangs, increase them if necessary with thick overlay boards.
4. Secure the central rafters and soffits.
5. Lay on top of the rafters waterproofing film and attach it with a construction stapler.
6. Stuff on the waterproofing wooden sheathing. If the roof covering needs additional ventilation, then before laying the waterproof film you need to make a counter-lattice.
7. Install the selected roofing material according to the technology provided for it.

If you want to make a hip roof, you can use the same instructions, only without installation ridge element. Instead, tie the diagonal rafters into a ridge knot.

The following video clearly shows the specifics of roof installation:

Roofs of gazebos: photos