When to write enne and en. Rewrite, inserting the missing letters in the passive participle suffixes. Two letters n are written

A13. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in the place of which one N is written?

Skillfully executed (1) cova (2) beams (3) lattices of St. Petersburg - one of the decorations of the city.

1) 1,2 2) 2 3) 2, 3 4) 1, 3

A bit of theory

Despite the fact that the codifier talks about one and two letters H in the suffixes of various parts, in the control measuring materials we will also deal with words in which the spelling of two H is due to the fact that the first of the letters is part of the root (base), and the second is the suffix -Н- or part of the suffix starting with N.

Adjectives:

1) Adjectives with suffixes -an-, -yan-, -in- written with one -n-: clay, silver, chicken. Exceptions: glass, tin, wood.

2) Adjectives with suffixes -onn-, -enn- written with two -n-: aviation related. An exception: windy, oily.

3) In adjectives formed from the base on -n with a suffix -n-, written two -n-: pictorial (karti n-a + n th).

Participles and adjectives formed from verbs:

two letters -n- are written in suffixes of full participles and adjectives formed from verbs:

1) if they have a prefix: sun plow n th, from the brew n th(but: smart boy, named brother);

2) if they have dependent words: var nn aya on milk ;

3) if the word has suffixes -ova-, -eva-, -irova-: marinated, asphalted;

4) if the word is formed from a non-prefixed perfective verb (except wounded): deprived;

In short participles, one is written -n-, and in adjectives - two (except for the masculine singular form). It is necessary to distinguish between full and short forms of passive past participles with suffixes -enn- And -nn- and adjectives formed from verbs. Compare:

educated, participle from the verb "educate"; short form: brought up, brought up, brought up, brought up, brought up And educated, adjective; short form: educated, educated, educated, educated.

How to distinguish? It is possible in meaning, but it is easier to try to substitute the word ‘ more’: Masha was raised by her grandmother And Masha is educated, polite and smart. As you can see, in the first case, the substitution of the proposed word is inappropriate, and in the second, it is quite real. In addition, passive participles require the presence (at least on a subconscious level) of an indication of who performed the action indicated in the participle.

Writing one or two letters -n- in difficult adjectives obeys the general rule: plain dyed (paint, imperfect species); plain dyed (paint, perfect view).

adverbs, formed from adjectives with two -n-, also written with two -n-: went organized.

In nouns, formed from adjectives, participles and verbal adjectives, so many -n-, how many of them were in the production basis: pupil ( from ‘ educated’), martyr ( from ‘ tormented’) .

Two - n- are written in all words formed from the bases on -n, with a suffix starting with -n: foamy (pe n-a + n-th), hexagon (six + face n b + n ik).

Good afternoon! I am asking for your help! Can anyone explain why in the suffixes of passive past participles, if they carry prefixes or dependent words, two NNs are written, from the point of view of linguistics? And why is one H written in verbal adjectives? Why does this happen at all? Communion is a sign of an object by action, a passive participle experiences an action on itself from another object. Does it matter? On the other hand, in short participles, on the contrary, one N is written, while in verbal adjectives - two. Doubling H indicates "passiveness", that the action is performed by someone or something? Do prefixes and dependent words indicate verbality? There is a note on Gramma.ru that sometimes the distinction between participles and adjectives occurs according to the meaning: for example. melted oven And melted fat. in case of fat adjective melted indicates a constant sign (fat is always melted), and participle melted- for a time period (the furnace was heated for some time). Does this mean that two NNs are verbal, experiencing some kind of action on oneself and therefore drawing closer to the participle, and one H is an indication of a constant sign, drawing closer to the adjective?

And I’ll note in parentheses that far from all adjectives have only one N. At the same time, in relative adjectives in suffixes he N And enn two NNs are written. And in suffixes en, yang And in- one. But there are exceptions. What does this doubling mean?

1) Writing H or HH by itself has no meaning: we simply write down the necessary suffix for a certain form of a certain part of speech, while at the junction of morphemes it is possible to double HH.

2) Suffixes of denominative adjectives: AN / YANG, YING, N, ENN, ONN. Suffixes of full and short verbal adjectives: EN, N, ENN, NN. Full participle suffixes: ENN, NN. Short participle suffixes: EN, N

3) The whole point of the spelling is to correctly identify part of speech and correctly write down its morphemic composition.

4) The main problem is distinction between participles and verbal adjectives(there are also participle adjectives: an educated girl), as well as the distinction between short and full forms.

5) Verbal forms initially have the meaning of action, but in special cases (when formed from non-prefixed verbs of an imperfect form and in the absence of dependent words) action (procedural feature) turns into quality (permanent feature as a result of action): floor painted last year - painted floor). A formal rule helps us to distinguish between participles and adjectives, but not always, for example: a fired stove is a stove that was fired, this is a participle with an action value, the suffix HNN.

Enn and en rule

double painted wall

Two n are written in adjectives formed from perfective verbs (perfective verbs answer the question what to do?).

For example: documents laid out on the table - from the verb to spread out (what to do?), Therefore, nn; abandoned classes - from the verb to quit (what to do?), therefore, nn. (Note: if the stem of the verb has vowels and I) or e, then suffixes are added –n- or –nn-; if the stem of the verb ends in vowel And or at consonant, then suffixes are added –en- or –enn- depending on the type of verb.)

Exceptions: planted father, mother; named brother, sister; finished man; Forgiveness Sunday; dowry.

Two n are written in adjectives formed from imperfective verbs with suffixes -ovann-, -evann-. For example: paved, spoiled, nickel-plated.

Pay attention to the fact that in the words forged, chewed, pecked ov , ev are not suffixes, but are part of the root, therefore, the spelling of these words obeys the general rule (in adjectives formed from imperfective verbs, one is written n). Compare: forged lattice - constrained movements.

If the adjective is formed from the noun, then suffixes should be distinguished: -n-, -an- (-yan-), -in-, -onn-, -enn-.

One n is written in adjectives, if they are formed from nouns with the help of suffixes –an- (-yan-) or -in-. For example: leather (from leather-a + -an-), silver (from silver-o + -yan-), living room (from guest + -in-).

Exceptions: glass, wood, tin.

Two n is written in adjectives formed from nouns with the help of suffixes -onn- or -enn-. For example: operational (from operation -I + -onn-), numerical (from number-o + -enn-).

Exception: windy. (Compare windless, leeward, weathered, etc.)

Two n are written in adjectives formed from a noun with the suffix n if the stem of the noun ends in n.

For example: valuable (from price-a + -n-), millionth (million + -n-).

Please note that in adverbs and compound words, the spelling n , nn obeys the general rule (i.e., the number of n depends on the generating basis, in particular, the same amount is written n , as in adjectives from which adverbs are formed, or the same n , how many in words that form a compound word).

justified - from the adjective justified (from the verb substantiate(what to do?), owls. species, hence two n ); confused - from the adjective confused (from the verb confuse(What to do?), Nesov. species, therefore - one n );

multilateral - from the adjective side (side-a + -n- ); fresh-frozen - from the adjective frozen(from the verb to freeze, non-native species, therefore - one n); fresh frozen - adjective frozen(from the verb to freeze, an owl. species, therefore - two n); poorly organized - from the adjective to -ovanny, hence two nn); long-awaited - from the adjective awaited(an exception, therefore two nn).

You should remember the spelling of complex adjectives with -nn-: pen, soap, distillery, brewing, salt.

Spelling of suffixes -ov-, -ev-, -iv-, -chiv-, -liv-, -sk-, -chat-, -at-, -ovat-, -evat-

Pay attention to the spelling of the suffixes -ov-, -iv-. The suffix -iv- is always stressed, for example: trust (trust + - ov -, easel (machine + - ov -), truthful (truth-a + -iv -), playful (game-a + -iv -). Exception: merciful, holy fool. (See the section above for writing the suffix -ov- after sibilant and q.) Suffix –ev- always unstressed, for example: shared (dol-I + -ev-), speech (speech-b + -ev-) enamel (enamel-b + - ev-), gutta-percha (flexible) (gutta-percha-a + - ev-).

In the suffixes -chiv-, -liv-, -ist- it is always written -i-. For example: arrogant (skid + -chiv), sympathetic (participation + -liv-), oily (oily + -ist-), abrupt (cliff + -ist-).

Remember the rules for spelling words with suffixes -chat-; - am - for example: vaulted, bearded. If the generating stem ends in c, then when forming an adjective with the help of the suffix, -chatz is replaced by t, for example: tile - tiled. If the generating stem ends in to, then when forming an adjective using the suffix - am - k is replaced by h, for example: freckle - freckled. Recall that the spelling of the word plank is regulated by the rule of alternation of consonants in the root: ck alternates with u.

Please note that when forming adjective names using the suffix –sk- in some cases, the consonant of the root is preserved, while in others it changes. Root consonants do not change h, s, d, t, c (if before c - there is a consonant), for example: positivist-sk-th, French-sk-th, sailor-sk-th, constanz-sk-th, parliament-sk-th. If an adjective is formed from a noun whose root ends in to or h , then to or h changes to c and add the suffix -to- , for example: weaver - weaving, fisherman - fishing. Exception: Uzbek.

Note that if the noun root ends in ny or p , then when forming an adjective with the help of a suffix –sk- , letter b is not saved. For example: January - January-sk-th; secretary - secretary-sk-th; harbor - harbor-sk-th; huntsman - huntsman-sk-th. Exceptions: September b sky, october b sky, november b sky, december b sky, jun b sky, day-day b skoy. Note that if the stem of a noun ends in l , then before the suffix –sk- put a letter b e.g. ambassador - ambassador b sky.

Writing suffixes -ovate- And -evat- is defined as follows: a suffix is added to the solid consonant at the base of the derived word -ovate- , to a soft consonant, hissing or c added -evat- , for example: angular (angle), bluish (blue), valiant (well done).

Spelling H-HH in adjective suffixes. Rules and examples

So, first you need to determine from which part of speech the adjective is formed, since it can be a denominative adjective, i.e., formed on behalf of a noun, and verbal - formed from a verb.

Rule I. H-HH in adjective suffixes formed from nouns

1. One letter n is written:

an, yang, in:skin - leather en th, clay - clay yang oh, nightingale - nightingale in th; an exception: in words trees yann th, tin yann oh, glass yann th two letters n are written;

in primitive adjectives, or native adjectives: scarlet n oh, go n th, green n oh, beautiful n oh, swi n oh si n oy, straight n oh, blush n oh, yu n th. In given adjectives letters n included in the root.

2. Two letters n are written:

in adjectives formed from nouns with a base on n And me with a suffix n: seed - seed n oh lemon lemon n th.

In adjective seed n Oh two suffixes - en And n so there are two letters in the word n. In the word lemon n th one letter n will refer to the root, and the second n- to the suffix, so two letters will also be written in it n.

Note: adjective nameless formed from a noun name, combined only with the word finger (bezim yann th finger); with other words, for example, station, height, hero, etc., the adjective nameless is used (bezim yonn th height);

in adjectives formed from nouns using suffixes onn-enn: celebration - celebrations enn th, lecture - lectures he N th; an exception: in the word wind en th write one letter n, but two letters will be written in prefixed formations n: without wind enn th, about wind enn th, about wind enn th, etc.

Rule II. Н-НН in adjective suffixes formed from verbs

One letter n is written:

in adjective suffixes formed from imperfective verbs: smoke - kopch en th sausage, sluggish - sluggish en th fish; an exception: in words Affairs nn oh, wish nn oh, gem nn oh, slow enn oh, invisible nn oh, ugly nn oh, awesome n oh, bad luck nn oh, unheard nn ouch, nechaya nn oh, holy enn th, chwa nn oh, check nn th spelled two n, despite the fact that these words are formed from imperfective verbs, as well as in words landing en th(father or mother) name n th(brother or sister), smart en th.

The verb asks a question: smoke(what to do?) - an imperfective verb, so the formed verbal adjective will be written with one n - kopch en ah sausage.

Two letters n is written:

in adjective suffixes formed from perfective verbs: say - say nn oh word, buy - purchase enn th tickets; an exception: in the word run en th write one letter n, in prefixed formations - two: from run enn th, on run enn th.

From the verb, the question is asked: to say (what to do?) - a perfective verb, so the formed verbal adjective will be written with two n - skaz nn oh word;

in suffixes ovan-evn full and short forms of adjectives formed from verbs: excite - excite nn th actress, actress excited nn a, organize - organize nn students, students of the organization nn s ; an exception: in words chewing n oh, cool n oh, cova n th write one letter n, So ova-eva are part of the root, and are not part of the suffixes ovan-evn, but two letters will be written in prefixed formations n: about chewing nn th , is biting nn th, under kova nn th.

To write the problem word correctly, you can use the algorithm:

Determine if it is included in the exception.

What part of speech is the word derived from?
A) from a noun:

-stvenn (-stv-enn-) n: gift + stvenn = donative.

n, then the adjective is written two n: walls a + n = ste nn Oh, stone + n = kame nn th. NB! In words green, rotten, spicy, ruddy, porky, blue, young, pheasant, mutton, deer, seals and other suffix -n- is not added, so they are written with one n.

If the stem of the noun ends in -me, then the adjective is written two n: time (time me) + n = time nn th, name (and me) + n = name nn Oh.

If in an adjective between nn there is a fugitive e, written two n: spark nn uy(sincere e m).

If a suffix is added to the noun stem -enn- or -he N-, the adjective is written two n: morning + enn = morning enn uy, lecture + he N= lecture he N th.

If a suffix is added to the noun stem -en-, -yan- or -in-, in the adjective one is written n: leather + en = leather en th, clay + yang = clay yang th, the guest + in = gost in th.

If the stem of the infinitive (indefinite form) has a suffix -ova-, -Eve-, -irova-, two are written in the sacrament n: operas irov be → operating room nn th.
If the participle is formed from a two-pronged verb, two n: execution nn th.
If the verb is perfective, two are written in the participle n: build up(what from do?) → building up nn th. (If the verb has a prefix, two are written in the participle n.)
If the sacrament has a dependent word, two n: drill nn and I (how?) drill.

Exceptions:

adjectives: wind n oh, glass nn oh, tin nn oh, tree nn th;
participles: forged, gold-forged, but shod, hammered; chewed, chewed-chewed, but chewed, chewed slowly; pecked, but wounded, baptized, smart, counted ("a small number"), pecked, pecked by birds; desired, sacred, unexpected, unheard of, unseen, unexpected, unexpected, awake, inadvertent, desperate, countless, imperishable, cursed, done, cutesy, swaggering, chased, slow, plastered, promised, cherished, shell-shocked(admiss. shell-shocked, if arr. from ch. owls. in.), finished, named (brother), planted (mother, father), Forgiveness Sunday, forgiven (day, well) and etc.

Mixed or mixed? (norm of spelling of participle suffixes -ann- (-yann-) and -an- (-yan-); -enn- and -en-)

Passive participles (also verbal adjectives) should be distinguished on -any (-yanny), -any (-any), on the one hand, and -eny, -eny- with another.

1. Letter and I) before nn (n) is written in these participles and adjectives, in which case the corresponding verb in the infinitive (indefinite form) ends on -at (-yat): tether but nny (from binding at), elm but ny (from elm at), izva I ny (izva yat), nasto I ny (real yat), picking I nny (opening yat), pose I ny (posse yat), unless I nny (is it yat), ve I ny (ve yat), shaft I ny (shaft yat) .

Exceptions: in passive participles of verbs -equal and -equal with prefixes letter in suffix e: align e nny (aligned yat), equating e given (equated yat), aligned e nny (aligned yat), zarovn e nny (zarovn yat) .

2. Letter e before nn (n) is written in participles and adjectives formed from all other verbs(on the -it, -ut, -et, -ti, -ch): seeing e ny (see et), isran e nny (izran it), run e ny (wound it), frozen e ny (freeze it), ice cream e ny (frost it), paint e ny (paint it), crush e ny (red it), measured e given (measured it), measures e ny (measures it), deputy e ny (zamuch it), much e ny (much it), namasl e ny (oiled it), output e ny (bring out), shear e ny (sharp ich), turn e ny (thrown ut) . From time to time a letter e in similar formations (in the suffix -enn- or -en-) is checked by the shock position: var yo ny (cook), introduced yo given (bring in), brought yo given (bring).

3. Distinguish in accordance with this rule, writing such participles and adjectives as veil but ny, hang but ny(from veils at, hang at) And veil e ny, hang e ny(from veils it, canopy it); funny but ny, stir but ny, zamesh but ny, mesh but ny(from funny at, stir at, zamesh at, mesh at) And zamesh e ny, vymesh e ny, mesh e ny(from kneading it, mixture it, months it); pump out but ny, download but ny(from vykach at, download at) And pump out e ny, download e ny(from rollout it, sunset it); shooting I ny, shooting I ny(from shooting yat, shooting yat) And shot e ny, shooting e ny(from shooting it, shooting it) and etc.: Shot I this gun does not misfire; Shot e this predator was no longer scary.

Similarly, words derived from the above participles and adjectives are written: crash e nina (from crash e ny) and mesh but nina (from mesh but ny).

Notes:

1) in that case, in the above examples, it is necessary to highlight suffixes, you should keep in mind that the vowel e enters the suffix, and the vowel but Don `t come in: freezing-enn- th, ice cream -en- th, tetherbut -nn- th,elm -n- th;

2) the choice of Н or НН should be made in accordance with the spelling rule Н and НН in participles and verbal adjectives;

3) to distinguish the spelling of the words "oil I ny" and "oil e nyy "will help the norm" How to write correctly: oily or oily?

Topic exercise"Delimitation of participles into -ann- and -enn-"(from the "Russian language manual for applicants to universities" by D.E. Rosenthal)

Rewrite, inserting the missing letters in the passive participle suffixes:

1. Between the wheels of carts, half-covered with carpets, fire burns.

2. At the threshold lay Shvabrin, shot through ... by the decrepit hand of my father.

3. However, his clerk was fired upon .... a bird.

4. From all sides, impregnable mountains, red mountains, hung with ivy.

5. The old man took off a fox malachai, exchanged for a fat young horse.

6. With ecstasy, I began to tell my sister and others all the miracles I saw ... miracles.

7. Kalinich led us to a hut hung with bunches of dry aromatic herbs.

9. A match struck, for a second illuminating the hanging nets, hay, the old man.

10. The wind knocked on the window of the hut, rattled glass fragments glued with newspaper and soared along the roof and chimney.

11. Fish was boiled in a cauldron hung on a knotty stick.

12. Cattle with large swollen bellies, shot by the Germans, were lying in the fields.

13. In a separate office hung with a heavy curtain, Seryozha sat at the table.

14. Frost started up, entering evenly into the usual

measure .... circle.

15. Some boys had low bull-calves hanging heavily on their hands, falling out ... in the sea sand, like in crackers.

16. Glauber's salt floats in suspension only in winter.

18. This is a cemetery of deer and elk killed by wolves.

Material source Website

gramma.ru - spelling rules for participle suffixes based on materials from the manual
Valgina N.S., Svetlysheva V.N. "Spelling and Punctuation: A Handbook".

Additionally:

Exercises for the topic "Spelling participles"
Spelling participles (theory)

Additional to the site:

What are the spelling rules for H and HH in participles and verbal adjectives?
How many N are written in short participles and short verbal adjectives?
What are the mistakes in the use and formation of participles?
What are the mistakes in the use of participles and participial constructions?
Where can I find exercises for the topic “Morphological norms of consumption and formation of participles”?
What are the orthoepic norms for placing stress in participles and verbal adjectives?
Where can I find the spelling of the words "oily" and "oily"?
What are the mistakes in the use of gerunds and participles?

The spelling rules for the suffixes -enn-, -onn-, -nn- and the suffixes -en-, -in-, -an-, -yan- are clear to any student and are easy to learn.

Below in this article we will consider the spelling rules for different parts of speech with suffixes - enn-, -onn-, -nn- -en-, -in-, -an-, -yan-.

The difficulty lies in the fact that parts of speech with these suffixes you need to write thoughtfully and be able to distinguish:

What part of speech is the given word, its semantic properties;
Know what parts of speech it is formed from and its morphological composition;
What member of the sentence in this case is the word with the suffix being studied;
Full or short form;
Remember the exceptions to the rules.

Spelling rules

They can be educated from nouns (straw, timeless), from verbs (drowned logs), from adjectives (healthy - hefty) with the help of suffixes -nn- and -enn-, -onn- (station, commission).

Adjectives from nouns

In short adjectives as many "n" are written as in full ones. Long speech - speech is long. Modern music - clothes are modern. Educated youth - youth is educated.

The suffix -enn- is written in words with an emotional coloring of the sign: healthy - hefty, wide - broad, courage - courageous.

In the word windy, one letter “n” is written, windless - “nn”. Windy girl - windless day.

Writing participles

Most participles are used in written speech, so it is very important to use and write them correctly.

In participles, the suffixes -enn- and yonn are written if:

There is a prefix (divorced, folded).
There is a dependent word. Campfire laid out by tourists. City located by the sea. Task completed by students.
It is formed from verbs in -chi, -sti, -it: bake - baked, grow - grown, build - built, burn - burned.

Unexpected, unexpected, unheard of, unseen, given - these are exceptions.

Short and complete parts of speech

The rule is very simple:

Brief participles are written with -en-: the lesson is learned, the oak is cut down, the norm is worked out;
Short adjectives are written with -enn-: the art is perfect, the children are well-mannered.

Participles can have or you can substitute dependent words: the girl was raised (by whom) by her grandmother. This is a short communion.

Children are educated. There are no dependent words. This is a verbal adjective.

Compound adjectives are written in the same way as simple ones:

Compare:

Freshly frozen - no prefix, but freshly frozen, because the second part of the word has a prefix.
Plain dyed (no prefix), plain dyed (there is a prefix).

There are not very many spelling rules for suffixes. If desired, they are easy to remember. It is necessary to learn exception words and learn to distinguish between participles and adjectives. This is especially important when using short forms of these parts of speech, because their spelling is different.

Examples: long hair - hair is long, conquered peaks - peaks are conquered, smart speeches - speeches are smart, painted doors - doors are painted.

The participle is used in writing. In colloquial speech, our contemporaries do without it. To learn how to write correctly and use them in your speech, you need to read the works of Russian classics, then your speech will become competent and logical. And you, undoubtedly, will be able to profitably show off your knowledge in a circle of intelligent and educated people.

Comments of the teacher on the studied material

Possible difficulties

good advice

It's hard to remember the exceptions to the rule.

Refer to Appendix 1.2 and fill in the gaps in the words where necessary.

Sometimes it is difficult to understand from which noun a given adjective was formed:

moral ... ny;

mysterious ... ny;

scarlet;

own ... ny;

natural ... ny;

spicy;

indirect ... ny;

original ... ny;

humane ... ny;

immu ... ny, etc.

Most likely, these are adjectives formed from obsolete nouns. You can apply the rule to them in full (even if their former suffixes are no longer distinguished from a modern point of view):

moral;

mysterious;

scarlet;

own;

natural;

indirect

claim-ONN-th.

Pay special attention to the words human-N-th and immuN-N-th, which are formed not from nouns, but from the international bases -human- and -immun- with the help of the suffix -n-.

What about words like

old ... ny, were ... ny, purposeful ... ny, deep ... ny, true ... ny, remarkable ... ny, etc.? They have the suffix -in-. Should they be written with one H?

In such words, the suffix -in- is already included in the basis of the nouns from which these adjectives were formed. It becomes part of the stem of the noun, and it is to it that the adjective suffix –n- is added. Therefore, in such words it is written NN.

Starin (a) - old-n-th.

Bylin (a) - epic - n-th.

Virgin (a) - virgin n-th.

Depth(s) - depth-n-th.

True (a) - true-n-th.

Dozen (a) - not a dozen.

Sometimes it is not clear which suffix is used in this adjective: -an- (-yan-) or -enn-.

Straw ... ny.

Clay ... ny.

Silver ... ny.

Cutaneous.

Wind ... ny.

In this case, the suffix should be remembered. Pay attention to the spelling of the following words.

Straw.

Clay.

Silver.

Windy day, man (remember also: windmill).

oil paints).

When addressing this issue, also use the following considerations.

Words with the suffix -AN- (-YAN-) denote what ( silver) or for what ( wood burning) the item is made.
The exceptions are the words:

cranberry,

fiery,

pumpkin,

straw.

Are there cases when exceptions forged, chewed and wounded are written through HH?

Exceptions forged, chewed and wounded can be written with two H when they have dependent words or prefixes.

A sword forged by a gunsmith (a gunsmith is a dependent word).

A fighter wounded in the shoulder (in the shoulder is a dependent word).

Shackled hands (prefix C-).

Injured finger (prefix PO-).

In some cases it is difficult to understand what kind of verb a word is formed from.

Decided ... ny (educated from decide? decide?).

Thrown ... ny (educated from throw? throw?).

This leads to spelling errors.

If you have a choice between perfective and imperfective verbs, choose the perfective verb.

Resolved - formed from solve (sov.v), spelled NN.

Abandoned - formed from quit (sov.v), spelled NN.

How many N is written in words with several roots:

raw smoked ... ny;

quick-frozen ... and so on.?

By itself, the presence of two roots is not a condition for double N.

Fresh frozen.

Raw-smoked.

In order for two Hs to appear in the suffix of such words, one of the conditions noted in the rule must work.

Freshly cut (prefix C- before the root -KOSH-).

Quick-frozen (prefix FOR- before the root - ICE-).

Distinguish between words like lightly wounded and lightly wounded. In the first case, we have a compound word (medical term) in which there are no conditions for HH, in the second case there is a dependent word that requires writing HH.

How many N are written in short participles?

The meeting is over... but.

Mina defuse ... on.

In short participles, one letter H is written, regardless of whether they contain prefixes, dependent words, etc.

The meeting is over.

The mine has been disabled.

Н and НН in adjectives formed from nouns

The choice of Н or НН in adjectives formed from nouns is determined by which word and with the help of which suffix this adjective was formed.

Rat..th poison; living room; remarkable .. th nature.

Find out what noun the word is derived from.

Write HH

If one H is in the stem of a noun, and the second H is an adjective suffix:

If you have a suffix -IN-:

If you have suffixes in front of you -ENN- / -ONN-:

leaf(s) - -

station(s) - -

Exceptions:

windy

but without windy

under windy

If you have suffixes in front of you -AN- / -YAN-:

silver) - -

leather) - -

Remember:

glass

tin

wooden

constant

nameless

The rule is also suitable for short adjectives ( road).

Rat poison - rat(s) + .

Living room - guest + .

Uncommon nature - .

Н and НН in full verbal adjectives and participles

Dried linen; frenzied ..th speed; sold..th product.

In full verbal adjectives and participles, NN is written in the presence of any of the conditions noted below.

Terms of writing HH:

3) there is -OVA- / -EVA- in the word:

Exceptions:

4) the word is formed from a perfective verb (question what to do?):

solved case ( solve- owls. in.).

An exception:

Н and НН in short verbal adjectives and short participles

She is modest and well-mannered..a; she was brought up .. at a boarding school; she is always collected..a and organized..a.

She is modest and well-mannered - this is a short verbal adjective.

She was raised in a boarding school - this is a short communion.

She is always collected and organized - these are short verbal adjectives.

In adjectives, one letter H is written in suffixes -IN-, -AN-, -YANG-.

For example: swan(in suffix -IN - one letter H is written) leather(in suffix

-AN- one letter H is written) woolen(in suffix -YAN- one letter H is written.

Remembering three suffixes in which one letter H is written is very easy. Need to know p the first letter of the alphabet and the last - A and Z. We add one letter H to them and get suffixes - AN, YING, YANG .

You can learn a rhyme that will help you remember the suffixes of adjectives that are written with one letter N.

For adjectives long ago

Written in scholarly books

When AN, YING, YANG, then H is one

And no more excess.

Suffix -IN- called "animal". With the help suffix IN adjectives are formed from animate nouns denoting animals, insects, birds.

MOUSE IN YY = MOUSE + IN

MOSQUITO IN YY \u003d KOMAR + IN

Nightingale IN YY \u003d Nightingale + IN

In adjectives MOUSE IN YY,MOSQUITO IN OY, NIGHTINGALING IN YY the "animal" suffix is written - IN - with one letter N.

Suffixes - AN-, -YAN - are written in the names of adjectives denoting the material from which the object is made:

SKIN AN YY \u003d SKIN + AN

PESC AN YY \u003d SAND + AN

SILVER YAN YY = SILVER + YANG

WOOL YAN OH = WOOL + YAN

CLAY YAN YY \u003d CLAY + YAN

Adjectives SKIN AN YY, SAND AN YY, SILVER YAN YY , WOOL YAN OH CLAY YAN YH are written with one letter H, since the suffix in them begins with the letters AND I .

Three adjectives should be remembered, the suffix of which begins with the letter I, but the letters H in it are written not one, but two. These are the exception words: TREE YANN YY, TIN YANN GLASS YANN YY.

The following riddle about WINDOW:

glass surface, wooden frame, pewter handle.

2. Two letters НН in adjective suffixes

Two letters H are written in the names of adjectives whose suffixes begin with the letter O or E. For example, EDITORIALS HE N YY, TRADITIONS HE N YY, STRAW ENN YY, CRANBERRY ENN YY.

Remember suffix - HE N- helps with HH UN - United Nations.

It is known that suffix - HE N- - UN fanatic.

It strives to be as similar to the UN as possible in everything. True, the difference between them is immediately noticeable: the suffix has - HE N- two H's, and his UN idol has two O's.

With the suffix - HE N -, in which two letters H are written, adjectives are formed most often foreign origin. For example, COMMISSION HE N EDITORIAL HE N YY, TRADITIONS HE N YY, REVOLUTION HE N YY

Two letters H are written in the suffix -ENN-.

Adjectives with the suffix - ENN- most often formed from nouns whose stem ends in several consonants: ARTS ENN YY, CRANBERRY ENN YY, LIFE ENN YY, FIRE ENN OH, ILLNESS ENN YY.

In Russian, there is an exception word, the suffix of which begins with the letter E, but the letters N in it are written not two, but one. This word is WINDY.

WINDY DAY

WINDY YOUTH

In the word WINDY, one letter H is written!

However, if the prefix WITHOUT appears in the word WINDY, then two letters H are written according to the rule.

WINDLESS NIGHT (there is a prefix in the word)

Remember the spelling of words WINDY andWINDLESS the following verse helps.

Windy young man, windy day!

You can easily remember:

I always write only one N!

Windless morning, day or night!

Without applying the rules of knowledge,

Write two N's without hesitation!

3. Two letters H at the junction of morphemes

Two letters H are written in the names of adjectives formed with the help of the suffix H from nouns with the stem starting with the letter H.

PLAIN = ravni H A+ H

LONG= LENGTH H A+ H

TRUE= ISTI H A+ H

outlandish= DIKOVI H A+ H

pancake = BLI H +H

The following poetic rule helps to write a double letter H in the adjective.

The mist one has

But if the city has become foggy,

Based on H and suffix H,

And it turns out,

Remember this case is strange.

4. Things to remember

There are several words in Russian that do not have the suffix H and suffer greatly from this. These words are often confused and erroneously write double HH in them.

Remember: in words SINGLE, GREEN, SPICY, ROSE, YOUNG, PORK one letter H is written, which is part of the root.

5. Analyzing examples

Let's determine how many letters H are written in the following adjectives and why.

GOOSE(this word has an "animal" suffix -IN -, in which one letter H is written),

TELEPHONE(this adjective is formed from the noun TELEPHONE, the stem of which ends with the letter H. The suffix H is added. Therefore, we write the word TELEPHONE with two letters H),

STRAW(the suffix of this adjective begins with the letter E, so we write HH),

LINEN(the suffix of this adjective begins with the letter I and denotes the material from which the object is made, so we write one letter H),

WINDY(this is an exception word in which one letter H is written),

INFECTIOUS(the suffix of this adjective begins with the letter O, so we write HH),

GLASS(this is an exception word that is included in the riddle about the window; therefore we write HH).

6. Algorithm for writing Н, НН in adjective suffixes

Choosing H, HH to write in the suffix, you can use the algorithm.

Table 1. Algorithm for writing Н, НН in adjective suffixes ()

7. Н, НН in short adjectives

It should be remembered that in the short names of adjectives the same number of N is written as in the full ones: traditional - traditional, smart - smart.

Bibliography

Russian language. Grade 6 / Baranov M.T. and others - M .: Education, 2008.
Babaitseva V.V., Chesnokova L.D. Russian language. Theory. 5-9 cells - M.: Bustard, 2008.
Russian language. 6 cells / Ed. MM. Razumovskaya, P.A. Lekanta. - M.: Bustard, 2010.

Reference table().
Presentation ().
Additional exercise ().

Homework

Task number 1

Insert, where necessary, the missing letters H or HH. Justify your answer.

Yu..y, y..at, silver..y, aviation..y, long..y, tin..y, straight..y, hurricane..y, debatable..y, swans..y, wind..th, windy..oh, windless..th, autumn..th, morning..th, morning..ik, glass..th, harder..ik, silver..th, silver..ka, shameless..ik, seme..oh, ice..oh, cranberry..oh, hemp..oh, hemp..ik, sparrows..oh, nightingales..oh, stirrup..oh, seme..oh, red banner .. th, triumph .. th, life .. th , old .. th, guests .. th, guests ple..th, whole..th, drunk..th, rya..th, blush..th, blush..a, fire..th, sandy..th, craft..th, secondary..th, pension .. th, clay .. th, beast .. th, offspring .. th, precious .. th, bouillo .. th, flat .. th, half-dead .. th, wild .. th, not quite .. th, sheep..th, infectious..th, sympathetic..th, seventh..th, countless..th, friendship..th, oats..th, one-time..th, ants..th, wave..th, mice..y, svi..oh, pigs..a, firewood..ik, oil..ik, mali..ik, axis..ik, ripples..ik, friends..ik, moshe..ik, wind..ik, side..ik, smart..yy, ko..itsa, leeward..yy, sandy..ik, travel. .ik, vlasya..itsa, vishe..ik, weathered..y, chicken..oh (ataman).

Task number 2

Make the “silent” table speak: write down the necessary words in place of the gaps. Write down adjectives with the studied spelling from the poems.

1. He slept, all radiant, in an oak manger,

Like a ray of moon in the hollow of a hollow.

He was replaced with a sheep ... skin

Donkey ... ox lips and nostrils.

B. Pasternak

2. And there is a birch in so ... oh silence,

And snowflakes burn in golden fire.

S. Yesenin

3. Do you love ice ... oh January,

Windless, brutal cold.

And I am a fierce February,

A blizzard, a daring snowstorm.