Can be used in any workshop. The craftsman has the opportunity to assemble the device from a car steering rack with my own hands. Using the machine it is possible to drill metal, wood and plastic products. For example, a drilling machine correctly assembled from a steering rack meets all technical parameters mass-produced units.
Any self-made drilling machine is assembled from available funds. The device includes the following elements:
- bed;
- working head;
- a shock absorber that allows the head to return to its original position;
- power unit;
- a guide along which the frame moves;
- handles transmitting torque;
- bushings;
- vice;
- work head holder;
- a device that fixes a part on a table.
The bed serves as the base of the apparatus. Additionally, its role in the design of the machine is reduced to:
- balancing all structural elements;
- use as a workbench for working with a vice;
- fixing the main frame on which the working head of the unit is mounted.
Not only the head of the device is attached to the frame, but also a holder with a shock absorber. A spring mechanism is often used as a shock absorber. In the absence of a spring mechanism alternative option will become steering rack, which is an integral component of all domestic cars. If it is taken from a car, then there are a number of advantages regarding a spring shock absorber:
- ensures stable operation of the lifting device;
- promotes smooth running of the working head and frame.
The holder attaches the electric motor of the machine to the main frame. A clamping chuck is selected for the engine. A power supply must be selected for it if the device is not designed to operate from a 220 V network.
Machine engine
The vice plays a role in the unit clamping device. They are characterized by reliability and versatility of use.
Selection of elements for the future mechanism
Primary attention is paid to the choice of bed. It is recommended to use a metal frame for the future mechanism. Often a mobile frame or a frame removed from an old unit is used as the basis for a new one.
Particular attention is paid to the choice of slats. They are made from or corner. In order for the product to withstand vibrations, it is recommended to select channels and angles with a thickness of 3 mm or more. It is also recommended to choose a holder made of steel.
The working mechanism of a homemade drilling machine can be improved. In such cases, the power supply with the motor is replaced with a drill or a device that drills through concrete. It is important to properly attach the drill to the machine. It is directed perpendicular to its base, secured by brackets.
An alternative is to use an asynchronous type motor taken from some electrical appliance. The master will need to make significant efforts to assemble such a unit.
Stages of device assembly
Assembling the steering rack drill press starts with the rack. Taken for her profile pipe size 150*150 mm. The one-handed assembly process contains the following steps:
- manufacturing a frame with legs welded to it so that the structure is securely fixed on the workbench;
- holes are drilled in the frame for fastening clamping devices;
- a pre-prepared stand is welded to the bed base;
- the stand is strengthened at the attachment point with stiffening ribs;
- a car rack is fixed on the rack, on which the rotation handle is mounted;
- fastenings for a drill are made in the upper rack part;
- the drill is connected to the steering rack;
- the angle of inclination of the drill and the correctness of its position relative to the work table are adjusted;
- the entire working mechanism is completely fixed, the correctness and reliability of fastening of all elements is checked;
- bolts are tightened, wires are brought in;
- The operation of the device is checked in test mode.
Features of assembling a mechanism with an asynchronous motor
There is an option for manufacturing a unit with an asynchronous type motor. Specified option more difficult than using a drill. The drive engine requires the manufacture of a special platform on which the steering rack is mounted on the other side. The craftsman will be required to make an additional frame on which the machine spindle will be fixed.
The complexity of the design is in the transmission of rotation from the engine to the spindle assembly located with reverse side slats. The problem is solved by using a belt drive, with the help of which two pulleys (one on the spindle assembly, the other on the engine shaft) are connected to each other. For such devices, it is recommended to select factory-made spindles.
A unit with an asynchronous engine has many open and unprotected elements that rotate during its operation. Special covers allow you to protect the craftsman’s hands from damage and structural elements from clogging.
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Drilling machines are special devices, which are used in working with metals, wood, plastic, etc.
With the help of a drilling machine, workers perform a huge number of functions that would take a huge amount of time to perform with improvised means.
Fortunately, the machine itself is not something too complicated in terms of design or assembly, and therefore it is quite possible to assemble it with your own hands. Moreover, a homemade drilling unit will be little inferior to standard factory models.
1 General information
As the name suggests, a drill press is used primarily for drilling parts. However, this is not its only function. It works by using the power of an electric motor.
The electric motor rotates its shaft that transmits forces to the spindle or the main rotating element of the machine.
Chucks, adapters, bushings and the drills themselves are already attached to the spindle. Thus, the machine is essentially a mechanism fixed in a stable position, which can drill substituted parts with its own hands for a long time.
At the same time, when working with it, a person is only required to place parts in time, adjust their position and the operation of the unit itself. Agree, it is much simpler and more convenient than if you had to work manually. Not only does manual drilling cannot boast of high accuracy.
After all, a person must always choose the right angle for applying effort. Moreover, an error of even a few degrees can be fatal. Even the most experienced worker will not be able to withstand this for a long time.
It’s a completely different matter when a drilling machine is used. Here you only need to fix the part in a vice (if the vice is not included in the kit, then you should buy one or make one homemade version with your own hands) and then start the machine.
The remaining actions, although they will require close attention from you, will still take much less time and effort.
Consider the fact that it was the invention of full-fledged electric machines that became a real breakthrough in the production of parts and mechanisms. Before this, industrialists could not significantly increase the pace of assembly, so manual labor simply did not provide enough impetus.
1.1 Machine design
The easiest way is to create a homemade drilling machine from available materials. Moreover, you will not need many details in your work. And the parts themselves can be selected from whatever is at hand.
In this article we will consider assembling a machine from a steering rack as one of the most effective examples, if we consider homemade tools.
But first you need to understand the design of the machine, as well as all its components. Without understanding these basic principles you won't be able to get the job done.
So, A standard drilling machine consists of:
- beds;
- main frame guide;
- holder for the working mechanism;
- working mechanism;
- additional elements (cartridges, nuts, bushings, drills);
- a shock absorber or device that is used to manipulate the position of the drill;
- vice (optional);
- power supply (optional);
- handles for rotating mechanisms, force transmitters, etc.
There is nothing complicated in the design itself either. The bed is secured as a base. If we are considering a tabletop model (and a homemade machine in the vast majority of cases is tabletop), then the bed will be both a base, a stabilizing factor, and a mount for devices such as a vice.
The main frame is also attached to the frame, on which the entire mechanism rests. The holder is connected to the frame, everything additional elements and shock absorber. If the shock absorber is adjustable, then a handle is connected to it.
In small machines, the shock absorber can be spring-loaded, but we are considering a more stable sample, where instead of a shock absorber we will consider a steering rack from a VAZ car.
The machine engine itself is also attached to the main frame, and the spindle and all adapters are already connected to it. The power supply is only available in models in which the engine is installed separately and cannot take on standard loads from a household network. A vice is also used optionally. Or rather, it is simply necessary to use them, but they are extremely rarely included in the kit even with factory models.
2 Selecting suitable elements
Assembling a homemade machine involves using available tools, so the selection of individual parts for the design must be given serious attention.
First of all, the material for the frame is selected. In light machines, such as units for printed circuit boards, the bed can even be made of durable wood, having previously strengthened it with a steel plate and rubber feet. But since we are considering a much more serious unit, we need to approach its assembly differently.
The bed here can only be selected from metal. Moreover, a heavy plate or something similar will do. It is necessary to drill holes in the plate for future vices and clamping strips.
The ideal option would be if you manage to buy a mobile phone or remove the old frame from an ancient desktop machine. Now look at your capabilities.
The main stabilizing rail is made from an angle or channel. Its thickness must be no less than 3 mm. Only such a part can withstand loads and will not cause vibrations or play.
The holder for the working mechanism is also made of steel. Here the selection is made depending on the engine itself that they intend to use. We'll look at it a little later.
The main nuance in such a homemade machine design is that parts from the steering rack of a car are used to assemble it. This is due to its compactness and unique capabilities.
When rotated, the steering rack can raise or lower the mechanism fixed to it. Moreover, the manipulations are carried out very carefully, down to the millimeter. Plus, many steering racks have the ability to weaken or increase stress, which leads to the possibility of fine adjustment of its operation.
It is advisable to remove handles from finished machines, but you can create them yourself. Likewise, if necessary, it is recommended to use production chucks and bushings. Fortunately, they are very easy to get.
2.1 Selection of working mechanism
Interestingly, the working mechanism in a homemade drilling machine can be not only traditional, but also significantly simplified. We are talking about replacing the motor and power supply a ready-made drill or unit for concrete drilling, metal, etc. These portable tools have almost the same dimensions as regular drill. However, their power allows you to drill into metal without any serious resistance.
All that is required of you in this scheme is to attach the drill with several brackets, having first secured it in the correct position. It should be directed completely perpendicular to the base of the machine.
If the machine diagram is considered from the steering wheel, then the use of a drill is even preferable. And it will take you much less time to assemble it.
The second option is to install an asynchronous motor from some electrical appliance. Here, when assembling it with your own hands, you will have to tinker a little longer. But in general, the technology remains the same.
2.2 Stages of assembling a homemade machine from a steering wheel
Let us turn directly to the machine assembly technology. Let's take as a basis a diagram using a steering wheel from a VAZ car and a ready-made drill, which You just need to fix it and connect it correctly.
Stages of work:
- We understand the frame and mount it in the correct position.
- We bore grooves and holes in the frame for future vices.
- We mount the main rail from a corner or channel.
- We attach the steering wheel to it.
- We mount it on the steering handle and adjust its travel.
- Install on top part steering mount for drill.
- We mount the drill in the correct position and adjust its angle.
- We finally fix the working mechanism.
- We connect all the wires, tighten the bolts, and test the system.
As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this matter.
The process is significantly simplified by using ready-made solutions, such as a drill and a steering wheel. Basically, all you have to do is put them all together and make sure the assembly is done correctly.
2.3 Differences when assembling a machine with an asynchronous engine
If you are going to use a separate engine, then you will have to think a little here. Although the engine itself creates effort, it still needs to be transferred somehow.
In this case, the engines are often mounted parallel to the steering one, and the mechanism itself is installed on the other side. The transmission of forces is carried out through a standard mechanism of two wheels and a belt. The spindle on the shaft can be taken from the factory, the cartridge and all other parts are connected to it.
Also, the engine will probably require a separate power supply, which is placed on or near the frame. And it would be better to hide the entire structure under a metal or wooden case. To avoid possible clogging, breakdowns or accidents.
2.4 How to make a drilling machine from a steering rack? (video)
A vertical drilling machine from a steering rack is a popular solution when making them yourself due to the cheap and workable end result.
The circuit is assembled on the basis of the steering rack of domestic cars VAZ, Moskvich, Tavria, etc. as a stand and lifting mechanism. Also, the belt drive, base, bracket, electrics are manufactured independently, and the electric motor is purchased from a factory or removed from other equipment, for example, from washing machine. To others constructive solution drive is powerful drill with gearbox for several speeds.
The advantages of this design are its low price and availability of materials for the manufacture of all parts. It is usually bought at recycling metallurgical plants or found among production waste. It is better to buy a used rake, because... it will cost much less or look for new ones at flea markets that they just want to get rid of.
The disadvantages are appearance– far from perfection and aesthetics, low accuracy.
As a result, we have the following picture:
- the steering rack is used as a lifting mechanism;
- the more massive the structure, the less vibration and the higher the accuracy;
- a drill is used as a drive or a classic drive of a vertical drilling machine is made: rotation is transmitted from an electric motor through a belt drive to the spindle.
Choosing a drill as a drive gives us the opportunity to smoothly adjust the speed within the factory rotation speeds, some models have high torque, which will allow drilling holes with a diameter of up to 20 mm, reverse, and the spindle has a Morse taper, into which drills with a diameter of more than 13 mm can be installed with tapered shank.
Manufacturing process
stand of square pipe 150×150 mm
A round-rolled shaft ø 20 mm is installed parallel to the rack in the bushings, and a carriage is welded to the shaft. On the reverse side, the carriage is screwed to the movable part of the steering rack.
The steering wheel is brought out at an angle of 90 degrees to the rack and is connected to the rack through a short propeller steering shaft from a VAZ 2107.
A welded table with the ability to move vertically is installed on the stand. To modernize and improve the design, we make an adjustable platform on the table on which to install machine vice. The platform is used to adjust the installation of parts on the table relative to the spindle, because the machine is manufactured independently in artisanal conditions and inaccuracies arise due to warping after welding, poor fit during assembly, etc.
The base of the machine is made of a KAMAZ wheel with a diameter of 508 mm, a width of 178 mm, and a weight of 26 kg. A vertical stand is welded onto the disk. The photo shows a powerful hammerless drill Rebir IE-1206ER-A, which allows you to drill holes with a diameter of up to 32 mm in metal, and 70 mm in wood, power 2000 W, with a maximum rotation speed of 400 rpm.
Drilling machines are special devices that are used to work with wood, metals, plastics, etc. With their help, you can perform a large number of functions that would take a lot of time to perform using improvised means. The design of the machine is not complicated, as is the assembly, so it is quite possible to assemble it with your own hands. In addition, such homemade apparatus in many cases little different from standard factory models.
General information
Drilling machine Most often used for drilling parts. It carries out its work using the power of an electric motor, which, by rotating its shaft, transmits forces to the main rotational element of the unit or spindle. To the last one add:
- adapters;
- drill;
- cartridges;
- bushings.
In essence, such a machine is a mechanism fixed in a stable position, designed for drilling various parts for quite a long time.
A person working on such a unit only needs to place parts in a timely manner, adjust their position and control the operation of the machine. This is much more convenient than if you had to work manually. In addition, as a result of manual drilling it is impossible to achieve high precision. The fact is that a person you need to choose the right angle application of effort. An error of a few degrees can be fatal. And not everyone can handle working at such a pace.
It's a completely different matter when a drilling machine is used for work. In this case you just need to fix the part in a vice, and then start the machine. All subsequent actions will not take much time and effort.
Design features of the machine
In order to easily cope with the work, you need to understand what the unit consists of along with its components.
An ordinary drilling machine consists of the following parts:
- bed;
- holders for the working mechanism;
- additional elements (nuts, drills, cartridges, bushings);
- vice;
- rotation handles for mechanisms, force transmitters, etc.;
- main frame guides;
- working mechanism;
- shock absorber;
- power unit.
The design itself is nothing complicated. The frame is attached as a base. If we consider the desktop sample (and homemade machines are most often tabletop), then the bed in this case will be used both as a mount for devices such as a vice, and as a stabilizing factor, as well as as a base. The main frame is attached to the frame, on which the entire mechanism will be supported. A holder, shock absorber and additional elements are connected to the frame. In the case of an adjustable shock absorber, a handle is connected to it.
To main frame attach the machine motor, to which the spindle and adapters are then connected. The power supply is available only in models in which the engine is installed separately, and it is not capable of taking on loads coming from the household network.
Selection of necessary elements
Collect homemade unit from available means, so special attention should be paid to the selection of design parts.
First of all, you need to select the material for the bed. It should only be metal. A heavy plate may be suitable, in which the holes necessary for future vices and clamping bars are drilled. The best thing buy a mobile or remove the old bed from a used table saw.
The main stabilizing rail is made of an angle or channel with a thickness of at least 3 mm. This part does not produce vibrations or play and is able to withstand loads. The holder for the working mechanism is also made of steel. In this case, the choice depends on the engine that will be used.
The main point in such a do-it-yourself machine diagram is that parts from a car steering rack are used to assemble the unit, since it is compact and has unique capabilities.
During rotation, the steering rack raises and lowers the mechanism that is attached to it. Such manipulations should be carried out very carefully, down to one millimeter. Many steering racks have the ability to weaken or increase tension, leading to the possibility of fine adjustment of operation.
It is best to remove the handles from finished machines, but you can make them yourself. You can use production bushings and chucks in the same way because they are fairly easy to obtain.
Selection of working mechanism
This element in a do-it-yourself drilling machine is not only traditional, but also significantly simplified. In this case we're talking about about replacing the power supply and motor with a finished drill or unit, which is used for drilling metal, concrete, etc. Such portable tools have almost the same dimensions as an ordinary drill. However, they are so powerful that they can drill through metal without much resistance.
The drill should be attached with a small number of staples, having first secured it in the desired position. It should be located perpendicular to the base of the unit.
Using a drill in a machine diagram from a steering rack is considered preferable. In this case, the time required to assemble the unit will be significantly less. You can also install an asynchronous motor from any electrical appliance. In this case, the assembly takes much longer. But the technology will remain the same.
Making a machine from a steering rack with your own hands
The technology for assembling a drilling machine with your own hands from a steering rack includes the following steps:
Thus, there is nothing difficult about making a drilling machine from a steering rack with your own hands. Enough the process is greatly simplified due to the fact that they are already using ready-made solutions, such as steering and drill. You just need to assemble everything and make sure that the unit is assembled correctly.
