An active person who cares about his health will benefit from a squeezing press. apple juice. You can do it yourself. This device will help process large volumes of fruits that a household juicer cannot handle. But this is not the only way that the squeezing method of obtaining the final product is useful for humans.

Fundamental differences

Directly pressed apple juice obtained using a household juicer differs significantly from the product extracted traditional way using a press. Differences can only be noticed at the molecular level. But they are the ones that affect useful qualities product, as well as on its physical properties.

The operation of all juicers is based on the centrifuge principle. The crushed fruit particles are pressed against the walls of the separator under the influence of centrifugal force, releasing the liquid accumulated in them.

During the squeezing process, the pulp is exposed to heat. In addition, the mass is intensively saturated with oxygen. Because of this, the apple juice in the juicer loses:

• fiber;
• vitamins;
• enzymes;
• phytochemicals.

For example, heat and oxygen negatively affect the content of vitamin C. As a result, the resulting product largely loses its value. Therefore, modern nutritionists do not recommend receiving apple juice for the winter through a juicer. For this, in their opinion, it is better to use a press.

When gradually squeezed, the juice retains a certain amount of pulp, which contains the fiber necessary for the human body. Normal oxygen content does not accelerate oxidation processes, which change the composition of useful substances.

In addition, the press does not have rotating chopping knives, like in a juicer. Therefore, the temperature of the fruit remains stable. Thereby chemical processes are not accelerated, and the resulting product retains its beneficial qualities.

Pros and cons of the press

Like any other device, an apple juice press has its advantages and disadvantages. To the advantages described above, it is worth adding that the cake obtained during squeezing can be used as a semi-finished product for making jam, preserves, and filling for pies. After the juicer, the pulp is usually thrown away.

The advantage is that the press is silent. It does not use electricity, which saves money.

The disadvantages of production include:

• large dimensions (compared to a household juicer);
• the need for muscular effort.

If we compare the disadvantages with the advantages of the resulting product, it is clear that the resulting apple juice without a juicer is much healthier. This means that the effort expended is justified by the result achieved.

Tools and materials

Tips on how to make apple juice without a juicer should start with choosing a press model.

To the owner orchard You will need a large container (at least 50 liters) and a powerful drive. This will allow large volumes of products to be processed.

Factory assembled models are quite expensive. Therefore, to squeeze apple juice at home, you can make a small press with your own hands. With its help, you will be able to obtain not very large portions of liquid, which is convenient for lovers of fresh food.

The squeezing press consists of the following elements:

• frame;
• fruit container;
• press plate;
• drive unit.

The container and drive are attached to the frame. It bears the main load, so to make a press they take metallic profile or pipe. Wooden frames wear out quickly.

A wooden barrel or metal bowl is used as a container. Considering that apple juice contains natural acids, the metal must have a protective anti-corrosion coating.

Resinous wood is not suitable for making a product in a wooden barrel. The resins will give the drink an unpleasant taste.

The press plate must be monolithic. It is made of metal, which is also protected from corrosion. The working surface of the plate (in contact with the fruit) is made smooth. This helps to achieve the most effective squeezing.

To work, the master needs:

• hammer;
• set of wrenches;
• wood saw;
• hacksaw for metal.

The frame elements are attached by welding, the seams are processed with a grinder and a grinding wheel.

Selecting a press drive

The master who designs the apple juice press Special attention pays attention to the choice of the method by which pressure will be applied to the fruit mass. The following drive types can be used for this:

• manual;
• pneumatic;
• hydraulic.

In the first case, a screw press is used. Working with such a mechanism requires some effort. Therefore, the jack (pneumatic) method is more progressive.

Some craftsmen use a car jack to make the drink. With small dimensions and low effort, it is capable of creating pressure up to 5 tons.

The required pressure can also be obtained using water, but such a device will be energy-consuming.

Experts note that the final choice of drive depends on the volume of processed products. The larger it is, the stronger the pressure created should be.

Work progress

Often, owners buy a ready-made press for squeezing apple juice. It is sold complete with a fruit chopper or separately. Using chopped apples speeds up the process of processing the crop to produce juice and semi-finished products.

Before starting work, the fruits need to be sorted. Remove rotten and wormy areas, trim damaged areas.

Apples need to be washed thoroughly. Dust often contains harmful substances, particles of combustion products of automobile fuel, emissions from industrial enterprises.

In addition, many gardeners spray trees to protect them from pests. Chemicals also need to be washed off so that the poison does not get into the juice.

So that the process goes faster, and the resulting product retains all its beneficial features, it is recommended to cut the apples into pieces and pass them through a chopper. This important point, because in the process it is destroyed cell structure substances that contribute to more intense juice release.

Experts note that the finer the resulting mass, the greater the amount of juice that can be obtained.

The prepared fruits are placed in an even layer in the container. Thanks to this, the extrusion process will proceed evenly, work surface will not warp, and the press will not fail.

As practice shows, from a well-prepared mixture it is possible to obtain a large amount of juice without pulp. As a percentage, this is about 70% of total mass used fruits. The average figure is 50-60%.

What to do next with juice

Having figured out how to make apple juice, many owners are faced with the problem: what to do with it next? Having received 10 liters of liquid, it is unlikely that a family of four will be able to drink it all at once.

Please note that freshly squeezed juice can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 5 days. After this, fermentation processes begin in it.

Pasteurization (heat treatment) allows you to increase shelf life. To do this, the resulting liquid is brought to a temperature of +90°C and kept in this state on fire for 3-4 minutes.

You should not boil the juice; this will lead to the loss of valuable elements and the loss of some vitamins.

Lightening

It is impossible to obtain completely pure juice without pulp when squeezing. Therefore, housewives use the lightening technique. The most popular methods are:

• filtration;
• pasteurization.

Before clarifying apple juice, it is allowed to sit for 2-3 hours. The pulp contained in the liquid will settle. This will allow you to achieve a higher degree of purification.

For filtration, a special cloth or filter paper is used. If you don't have it at hand special devices, take ordinary gauze. It is folded at least four times to reduce the size of the cells.

Heat treatment can be performed in several ways. The simplest is heating in a regular enamel container to +80°C. The maximum permissible temperature in this process is +85°C.

The juice is heated at a stable temperature for 5-10 minutes; it should not be kept on the fire longer. After this, the liquid is poured into the prepared container. Store it in a dark place at a stable temperature.

The second method of pasteurization is heating in a water bath. Thanks to this, heat has a gentler effect on the elements and substances contained in the liquid.

During long-term storage, the clarification process continues. The remaining solid particles in the juice fall to the bottom in the form of sediment.

Good to know

There is no need to rush when squeezing the apple mass. With accelerated spinning, the amount of pulp entering the liquid increases. Therefore, then you will have to achieve clarification of the juice.

After squeezing, the press must be thoroughly washed to remove particles of fruit and juice. Otherwise, the active substances contained in them will have a destructive effect on the elements of the machine.

The press and crusher should be stored in a dry place out of direct sunlight.

The quality of store-bought juices often causes justifiable criticism. Society has long had an opinion that the safest drink from vegetables or fruits is one squeezed “with your own hands.” The necessary equipment for this simple procedure is a juicer. There is no shortage of inexpensive juicers for urban kitchens. Most often these are small household appliances that cannot always be recycled bountiful harvest from the site.

More powerful cars turn out to be expensive and inaccessible. The solution to this situation could be a DIY juicer for apples or other fruits.

To figure out how to make a juicer and start implementing own project you need to understand how it works. Making juice involves chopping fruits or vegetables and actually squeezing them.

Depending on the design of the device, processes can be performed sequentially or simultaneously. In centrifugal models, first there is grinding by a centrifuge, then the press comes into play. Auger devices extract juice during the processing process.

Structural elements

Regardless of the choice of screw or centrifugal design for assembly homemade juicer you will need:

• device for grinding and squeezing;
• storage hopper;
• container for collecting the pomace.

Further design complexity depends on technical capabilities.

The simplest option is manual grinding and then placing it under a screw press. More complex versions require a mechanical drive for the chopper.

Screw options with simultaneous grinding and squeezing are more expensive and will require more time to manufacture.

Hand press

The easiest way to acquire a device for squeezing juice is to use your grandfather’s experience. In ancient times, the usual method was used to chop pre-peeled apples. wooden trough and a chop (a special knife for chopping hard fruits and vegetables).

The pulp prepared in this way, packed in canvas (gauze), was loaded into a wooden tub under a press. To drain the juice into a specially prepared container, a hole was made in the lower part of the tub. Any heavy objects, for example, a couple of boulders, could be used as a press.

Press

If possible, a screw press was used, consisting of:

• support frame made of wood or metal;
• screw with handle for tightening;
• round support board with a diameter of internal dimensions containers.

The possibility of using a welding machine will allow you to assemble a press from metal. Alternatively you can use:

• two pipes;
• a U-shaped profile is welded on top;
• a hole is made in the profile and a threaded head is welded to install the screw;
• a push-up stop must be provided on the bottom of the screw;
• top rotation handle;
• A pair of clamps are welded to the pipes from below for fastening to the support board;
• can be used instead of clamps supporting structure from a metal profile.

This option will not be too time-consuming and necessary means. The performance of the device depends on the volume of the tub.

In operation, the pressing method is more labor-intensive due to the fact that a significant part of the work is performed manually.

Centrifugal juicer made from washing machine elements

A popular automated option is devices for squeezing centrifugal juice from a washing machine. To make them, the following are removed from the donor device:

• drum (centrifuge);
• casing (tank) checked for defects;
• fastening units;
• ball bearings.

All dismantled parts must be cleaned of powder residues, rust, and scale. All holes in the tank must be welded or closed with rubber plugs. Of all the holes, only one should remain for the spin drain. A useful element of the tank will be a filter mesh, which is mounted above the drain outlet.

Making a grater

The standard centrifuge cannot be used as a grater and requires modification. Standard holes, which are used to drain water during spinning, will not cope with grinding. There are several options to solve the problem. Among them:

• make a steel lining from stainless steel, drill holes and fill teeth, secure it inside the centrifuge;
• install a mesh on the walls of the centrifuge, which will serve as a grinder;
• Drill out the standard holes of the drum and fill the notches with the sharp part inward in the direction opposite to its movement.

Housing installation

The drum with the grater is mounted in the tank. For this purpose, fasteners and ball bearings from the washing unit are used. Fastening is performed depending on the characteristics of the donor car. The assembled structure is placed in a vertical housing, which is closed with a removable lid with latches or a thumb-type fastening. A hopper is inserted into the hole in the lid on top, where vegetables and fruits are placed for chopping.

To prevent the apple bin from sinking down to the grater, a limiter should be provided. The body itself is mounted on a rigid or shock-absorbing base. The main thing is that the device does not lose stability from vibrations during operation.

Engine

The device drive is borrowed from the same washing machine. It can be located outside or inside the housing. Its speed must be matched with the required rotation speed of the centrifuge by a system of pulleys of the appropriate diameter.

Screw device

A more labor-intensive option, from a manufacturing point of view, is a screw device for squeezing juice. In this case, most of the parts of the unit are made independently:

• stainless steel body;
• screw press located inside the housing;
• bunker;
• a tray for receiving juice, from which it flows into a container;
• engine at 1.5 thousand revolutions.

The assembled structure is mounted on a stand made of a metal frame with a motor mounted in it. A belt drive transmits rotation from the engine to the auger pulley.

The options listed are not a detailed description of making a homemade juicer. These are general ideas on the basis of which you can develop your project based on the available capabilities.

A homemade juicer with high productivity will be useful for gardeners and gardeners who have to solve the problem of processing during the season. large quantity fruits or vegetables. For household needs, a factory-made household juicer is sufficient, which will provide its owners with several servings of freshly squeezed juice.

If you don’t have an electric juicer, you can quickly and easily process a large apple harvest, for example, into juice using a press.

This problem also arises among winemakers, among whom there are no people willing to process the berries manually. It is quite possible to make a juice press yourself, eliminating additional expenses for purchasing equipment, which is quite expensive today. Operating principle of a juice press

Screw juicers manual type can be carried out according to different technologies, in the process of this, parts are used like old containers, tanks from washing machines, as well as pots and planks.

In some cases, structures are made using a jack.

Homemade juice press

Simple press for squeezing juice - do it yourself

There are various juice press designs. Basic homemade designs– these are screw or using a jack. A good option when using an air jack or a rubber bladder and a compressor. There are options for using a centrifuge, for example an old washing machine. Presses or juicers should not crush seeds and ridges located in the pulp. Depending on the expected volume of processing of raw materials into juice or wine, select the design of the juice extraction device you like. In any case, the cooking process is divided into two stages: 1. Preparation of pulp (grinding raw materials); 2. The actual extraction itself is the extraction of juice.

Screw Juice Press Designs

Typically a press consists of a pressing mechanism, a basket, a base and a pressing board. The basket serves as a receiver for the pulp and is installed on the base of the press. There is also a tray for draining juice. The bottom and side walls of the basket are lined with a whole piece of burlap without gaps. The ends of the fabric should hang over the edges of the basket. Then the pulp is loaded into the basket and covered with the ends of the burlap. A wooden circle is placed on top, onto which the press head is lowered.

Screw press with metal basket. Device: 1. Screw; 2. Bed; 3. Gutter for juice flow; 4. Basket

Screw press with wood basket. Device: 1. Screw; 2. Bed; 3. Basket; 4. Juice drainage chute

Frame screw press. Device: 1. Packages with crushed raw materials; 2. Screw; 3. Bed; 4 Drainage grates; 5. Juice drainage chute

Design screw juice press is clear from the pictures. Here is another example homemade press for juice. The press consists of two pipe stands with a diameter of 22 mm. A U-shaped profile bent from 3 mm steel is welded to the pipes on top. The height of the profile is chosen in such a way that a screw nut pressed into a steel sleeve can be freely placed inside. A clamp is welded to the bottom of each rack. Using these two clamps, the press is attached to the window sill. A head with a hole for the handle is welded to the screw on one side, and a stop is attached to the other, which compresses the raw material.

1 - clamp; 2 - stand pipe; 3 - crossbar; 4 - screw; 5 - emphasis; 6 - table; 7 - bushing with a pressed nut.

A leaky 3-4 liter enamel pan is suitable for collecting the squeezed juice (Fig. a). You need to drill a hole in the bottom and secure a fitting with a hose in it to collect the juice.
The basket (Fig. b) is made of sheet of stainless steel 2 mm thick, bandage rings made of stainless wire with a diameter of 4 mm are welded to it at the top and bottom. The rings allow the basket to fit “evenly” inside the pan. The walls of the pan are perforated with a drill with a diameter of 3 mm (in random order).

Gaskets (Fig. c), which separate portions of raw materials loaded into the basket, consist of two 2-mm stainless steel disks connected by spot welding. Holes are drilled into the disks using a drill with a diameter of 3 mm, and gaskets 4 mm thick are provided between the disks (the gaskets are also made of stainless steel). In general, all parts of the screw press are made of stainless steel; a tank from an old washing machine is quite suitable. To obtain good harvest-, as well as growing strawberries at home. The work of squeezing juice occurs as follows. The body of the press is secured with clamps on the windowsill in the kitchen (you can also install the press on the table). The screw with the stop is unscrewed until it stops. A basket is placed in the pan, and a gasket is placed on the bottom of the latter and a napkin made of durable fabric is placed on it. Next, crushed raw materials (apples, fruits, herbs, berries) in an amount of 0.5...1 kg are placed on a napkin. The napkin is folded into an envelope, the portion is covered with a drainage pad, on which another napkin is placed. There should be 3 such bags, and the top bag can rise 4...6 cm above the pan. Putting a gasket on the top bag, the pan is placed under the press screw. Yes, I completely forgot to mention the spacer (a circle of wood) that is placed under the basket (otherwise the pan may become unusable when the screw is tightened). When creating pressure, the screw must be turned slowly and smoothly, monitoring the release of juice. Having finished squeezing the juice, unscrew the screw upward, transfer the pan to the table, and remove the pulp from the napkins. Depending on the type and quality of the raw material, in one cycle, using a homemade screw press for squeezing juice, it is possible to squeeze out 1.2...1.8 liters of juice, and in 1 hour - up to 12...15 liters.

Apple trees periodically provide amateur gardeners with such a large-scale harvest that there is nowhere to put the excess fruit. In addition to jam and compotes, there remains one more option for processing fruits - juice. But many people do not bother with this type of workpiece due to the high labor intensity of the process. Ordinary household juicers simply cannot cope with large volumes of raw materials, and not everyone is ready to buy a professional machine for the season. But there is an excellent option - quickly and efficiently squeezing juice from apples using a home-made press.

What materials will be needed

To make a standard press yourself, you do not need special skills or drawings. Anyone can measure, saw off a strip, hammer a nail or tighten a nut if desired. It is not necessary to own a welding machine; any design can be reproduced in wood using ordinary gardening tools .

To make a home press from tools, you will need a hacksaw for wood and metal (or a grinder), welding machine, screwdrivers, pliers, hammer. As for materials, the following are mainly used:

• metal channel;
• wooden blocks, slats, boards;
• self-tapping screws, bolts and nuts;
• tank or barrel, steel sheet stainless steel;
• bench screw and nut, valve, threaded rod or jack - depending on the chosen design;
• durable fabric with good drainage properties for apple bags: calico, cotton, jute burlap, linen.

It is better to make wooden elements from oak, birch or beech, since materials from biologically active tree species (spruce, pine) can change the taste of the juice. From chipboard drainage grates Do not do this under any circumstances: fine dust impregnated with phenol-formaldehyde glue will enter the product.

Types of designs: diagrams and drawings

The main thing in the press is a solid base and working mechanism.

Operating principle of the device:

• layer by layer through drainage grates prepared raw materials for pressing are stacked(chopped apples) in fabric bags;
• by means of a mechanism oppression falls from above and presses the juice.

A good press squeezes out 65-70% of the juice, leaving an almost dry pulp. It’s quite possible to make one with your own hands.

Homemade press designs differ in the operating principle of the main mechanism:

1. Screw.
2. Jack based: mechanical and hydraulic.
3. Combined.

In the bulk of structures, the pressure is from above, but V combined version compression occurs in two directions: using a screw mechanism at the top and a hydraulic jack at the bottom.

The juice press consists of the following parts:

• sustainable bed;
• quadrangular or cylindrical frame, inside which bags of chopped apples are folded;
• wooden gratings, with which the bags are transferred so that they do not spread;
• piston-gne t, directly exerting pressure on the cake;
• thrust bearing for a jack;
• working mechanism: screw with handle, mechanical or hydraulic jack;
• bowl-tray.

The main body can be:

• single perforated: the juice will flow through the holes along the walls and through the bottom into the pan;

• double: a solid casing with a slightly larger diameter is placed on a perforated metal cylinder;
• in the form of a solid metal body with one drain hole at the bottom;
• collected from wooden slats connected by hoops, − barrel. The walls serve as a drainage grid.

There may be no body at all- simply a pyramid of wooden lattice frames in a tray with a mouth at the bottom, under which a container for juice is placed.

This design is easy and quick to install. For the bottom plate, you can take a piece of countertop, for example.

Worm gear or hydraulic jack: what to choose?

The screw (worm) mechanism in the press is implemented in the form of a large screw (threaded axis) with a nut or a mechanical jack. The latter option is much simpler - you can buy it at a spare parts store or take it out of the trunk of a car; you don’t need to look for, adjust, grind or weld anything.

Designs based on a hydraulic jack are much more productive(force from 1t) than mechanical ones, and require a minimum of human labor. Hydraulic bottle jacks make it possible to squeeze juice quickly and in large volumes. They fit comfortably into any design.

You can design a press with a removable mechanism, then you don’t have to buy a special jack, but you can use the one on duty in the trunk. After all, the apple harvest is not good every year.

Making a press yourself

The press needs a stable, strong support - a bed. The simplest thing is to assemble it from wooden blocks using screws. To make a metal frame you will need a welding machine and a channel.

The dimensions of the frame depend on the diameter of the working body or the parameters of the drainage grids. Therefore, if you are planning a hull structure, then you need to prepare the container in advance.

The simplest frame press with a worm mechanism

Welded stable structure. A hole is cut in the center of the upper channel for the screw nut (you can use an old bench or order it from a turner). The nut is welded into the frame.

Then Assembling a wooden drainage grate, which consists of two layers of slats packed perpendicular to each other. The thickness of the slats is not less than 20 mm. It is also necessary to install a stand made of bars. A clamp for the pressure part of the screw is attached to the top board - any suitable shape metal part(can be installed with epoxy glue).

The tray is made of stainless steel sheet, in the front part the spout-drain is arched. All that remains is to substitute a pan or other container. The result is abs.

Bed for hydraulic press assembled according to the same principle as for a screw one. The easiest way to use a body is to take a ready-made metal or wooden barrel. A hole is cut at the very bottom and equipped with a drain spout.

If wooden barrel not completely sealed - even good. The juice will drain in several directions at once, and in the end it will still end up in the pan. It is better to put a plastic casing on top of such a structure larger in diameter to avoid splashing.

You can make a wooden case yourself:

1. Will need: several boards of equal size (can be parquet), two strips of stainless steel and self-tapping screws with an anti-corrosion coating.
2. The boards are screwed on top and bottom with self-tapping screws to the stripes at a distance of approximately 10 mm.
3. Strips with boards are bent in the form of a circle, the ends of the strips are bolted together.
4. A plastic bowl of suitable diameter can be used as a tray. with a drain cut out at the bottom for juice.

Another important element- jack stop. Usually made of wood: you need to knock down the slats and cut out a circle from the resulting canvas slightly smaller than the diameter of the working body. You can use a grinder to cut out a support from a stainless steel sheet.

Drainage gaskets are made in the same way as in the description for a screw press, but they are given a round shape.

The end result should be a design similar to the one in the photo.

Preparation of raw materials

The principle of squeezing apple juice simple - the finer the raw materials are chopped, the more product will be obtained at the exit. It is best to use a special chopper (crusher), since finely chopping several buckets of apples by hand is theoretically possible, but in fact difficult to implement. An electric meat grinder for large volumes is also not an option: it roars, howls, gets hot, and may eventually burn out. You can also make a suitable crusher yourself.

The simplest design of a homemade crusher

A deep hopper is mounted lightly on the cone from moisture-resistant plywood or stainless steel sheet. For stability, two bars are attached to it from below. A wooden roller (preferably made of beech) with self-tapping screws wound in a spiral is cut into the lower part of the container. You can use a regular kitchen rolling pin as a drum.. The axis of rotation of the roller comes out, a drill is inserted into it and the process begins.

Some people simply crush apples in a bucket using a construction mixer.

The process of squeezing juice from apples at home

After the raw materials are prepared, they laid out in fabric bags or wrapped in pieces of fabric like an envelope. Next, the bundles are placed in a container, basket, or simply on the bottom of the structure in layers through drainage grates. Fits about 3-4 bags. The pressure is lowered from above, the juice flows into the pan. When the squeezing process is completed, the pulp is removed and the next batch is loaded.

The remaining cake after high-quality pressure is usually obtained dry and compressed into “tablets” (photo 16).

It is better to dispose of the pomace in compost heap. Worms reproduce very well on such material, creating valuable fertilizer for the garden.

The resulting juice can not only be drunk fresh, but also prepared for the winter:

• pasteurized rolled juice;
• apple wine several types;
• apple cider.

Apples are a very valuable product for health.. It is extremely imprudent and wasteful to bury and give away surplus crops to neighboring pigs. By building a couple of simple devices, you can quickly and easily process all the fruits. And in winter it will be so nice to take healthy and tasty amber drinks out of the cellar or refrigerator!

The post How to make an apple press with your own hands first appeared About the farm.

" Apples

Apple trees periodically provide amateur gardeners with such a large-scale harvest that there is nowhere to put the excess fruit. In addition to jam and compotes, there remains one more option for processing fruits - juice. But many people do not bother with this type of workpiece due to the high labor intensity of the process. Ordinary household juicers simply cannot cope with large volumes of raw materials, and not everyone is ready to buy a professional machine for the season. But there is an excellent option - quickly and efficiently squeezing juice from apples using a home-made press.

To make a standard press yourself, you do not need special skills or drawings. Anyone can measure, saw off a strip, hammer a nail or tighten a nut if desired. It is not necessary to own a welding machine; any design can be reproduced in wood using ordinary gardening tools .

To make a home press from tools, you will need a hacksaw for wood and metal (or a grinder), a welding machine, screwdrivers, pliers, and a hammer. As for materials, the following are mainly used:

• metal channel;
• wooden blocks, slats, boards;
• self-tapping screws, bolts and nuts;
• tank or barrel, stainless steel sheet;
• bench screw and nut, valve, threaded rod or jack - depending on the chosen design;
• durable fabric with good drainage properties for apple bags: calico, cotton, jute burlap, linen.

It is better to make wooden elements from oak, birch or beech, since materials from biologically active tree species (spruce, pine) can change the taste of the juice. Under no circumstances should drainage grates be made from chipboard: fine dust impregnated with phenol-formaldehyde glue will get into the product.

Types of designs: diagrams and drawings

The main thing in the press is a solid base and working mechanism.

Operating principle of the device:

• layer by layer through drainage grates prepared raw materials for pressing are stacked(chopped apples) in fabric bags;
• by means of a mechanism oppression falls from above and presses the juice.

A good press squeezes out 65-70% of the juice, leaving an almost dry pulp. It’s quite possible to make one with your own hands.

Homemade press designs differ in the operating principle of the main mechanism:

1. Screw.
2. Jack based: mechanical and hydraulic.
3. Combined.

In the bulk of structures, the pressure is from above, but in the combined version, compression occurs in two directions: using a screw mechanism at the top and a hydraulic jack at the bottom.

The juice press consists of the following parts:

• sustainable bed;
• quadrangular or cylindrical frame, inside which bags of chopped apples are folded;
• wooden gratings, with which the bags are transferred so that they do not spread;
• piston-gne t, directly exerting pressure on the cake;
• thrust bearing for a jack;
• working mechanism: screw with handle, mechanical or hydraulic jack;
• bowl-tray.

The main body can be:

• single perforated: the juice will flow through the holes along the walls and through the bottom into the pan;

• double: a solid casing with a slightly larger diameter is placed on a perforated metal cylinder;
• in the form of a solid metal body with one drain hole at the bottom;
• assembled from wooden slats connected with hoops, − barrel. The walls serve as a drainage grid.

There may be no body at all- simply a pyramid of wooden lattice frames in a tray with a mouth at the bottom, under which a container for juice is placed.

This design is easy and quick to install. For the bottom plate, you can take a piece of countertop, for example.

Worm gear or hydraulic jack: what to choose?

The screw (worm) mechanism in the press is implemented in the form of a large screw (threaded axis) with a nut or a mechanical jack. The latter option is much simpler - you can buy it at a spare parts store or take it out of the trunk of a car; you don’t need to look for, adjust, grind or weld anything.

Designs based on a hydraulic jack are much more productive(force from 1t) than mechanical ones, and require a minimum of human labor. Hydraulic bottle jacks make it possible to squeeze juice quickly and in large volumes. They fit comfortably into any design.

You can design a press with a removable mechanism, then you don’t have to buy a special jack, but you can use the one on duty in the trunk. After all, the apple harvest is not good every year.

Making a press yourself

The press needs a stable, strong support - a bed. The simplest thing is to assemble it from wooden blocks using screws. To make a metal frame you will need a welding machine and a channel.

The dimensions of the frame depend on the diameter of the working body or the parameters of the drainage grids. Therefore, if you are planning a hull structure, then you need to prepare the container in advance.

The simplest frame press with a worm mechanism

Welded stable structure. A hole is cut in the center of the upper channel for the screw nut (you can use an old bench or order it from a turner). The nut is welded into the frame.

Then Assembling a wooden drainage grate, which consists of two layers of slats packed perpendicular to each other. The thickness of the slats is not less than 20 mm. It is also necessary to install a stand made of bars. A retainer for the pressure part of the screw is attached to the top board - any metal part of a suitable shape (can be mounted with epoxy glue).

The tray is made of stainless steel sheet, in the front part the spout-drain is arched. All that remains is to substitute a pan or other container. The result is abs.

The bed for a hydraulic press is assembled according to the same principle as for a screw press. The easiest way to use a body is to take a ready-made metal or wooden barrel. A hole is cut at the very bottom and equipped with a drain spout.

If the wooden barrel is not completely airtight, that’s even good. The juice will drain in several directions at once, and in the end it will still end up in the pan. It is better to put a plastic casing with a larger diameter on top of such a structure to prevent splashes.

You can make a wooden case yourself:

1. Will need: several boards of equal size (can be parquet), two strips of stainless steel and self-tapping screws with an anti-corrosion coating.
2. The boards are screwed on top and bottom with self-tapping screws to the stripes at a distance of approximately 10 mm.
3. Strips with boards are bent in the form of a circle, the ends of the strips are bolted together.
4. A plastic bowl of suitable diameter can be used as a tray. with a drain cut out at the bottom for juice.

Another important element is the jack stop.. Usually made of wood: you need to knock down the slats and cut out a circle from the resulting canvas slightly smaller than the diameter of the working body. You can use a grinder to cut out a support from a stainless steel sheet.

Drainage gaskets are made in the same way as in the description for a screw press, but they are given a round shape.

The end result should be a design similar to the one in the photo.

Preparation of raw materials

The principle of squeezing apple juice simple - the finer the raw materials are chopped, the more product will be obtained at the exit. It is best to use a special chopper (crusher), since finely chopping several buckets of apples by hand is theoretically possible, but in fact difficult to implement. An electric meat grinder for large volumes is also not an option: it roars, howls, gets hot, and may eventually burn out. You can also make a suitable crusher yourself.

The simplest design of a homemade crusher

A deep hopper is mounted lightly on the cone from moisture-resistant plywood or stainless steel sheet. For stability, two bars are attached to it from below. A wooden roller (preferably made of beech) with self-tapping screws wound in a spiral is cut into the lower part of the container. You can use a regular kitchen rolling pin as a drum.. The axis of rotation of the roller comes out, a drill is inserted into it and the process begins.

Some people simply crush apples in a bucket using a construction mixer.

The process of squeezing juice from apples at home

After the raw materials are prepared, they laid out in fabric bags or wrapped in pieces of fabric like an envelope. Next, the bundles are placed in a container, basket, or simply on the bottom of the structure in layers through drainage grates. Fits about 3-4 bags. The pressure is lowered from above, the juice flows into the pan. When the squeezing process is completed, the pulp is removed and the next batch is loaded.

The remaining cake after high-quality pressure is usually obtained dry and compressed into “tablets” (photo 16).

It is better to dispose of the pomace in a compost heap. Worms reproduce very well on such material, creating valuable fertilizer for the garden.

The resulting juice can not only be drunk fresh, but also prepared for the winter:

• pasteurized rolled juice;
• apple wine several types;
• apple cider.

Apples are a very valuable product for health.. It is extremely imprudent and wasteful to bury and give away surplus crops to neighboring pigs. By building a couple of simple devices, you can quickly and easily process all the fruits. And in winter it will be so nice to take healthy and tasty amber drinks out of the cellar or refrigerator!