When building a house, the owner will have to resolve the issue of connecting a private house to the central sewer system. In many villages and country estates, a central sewer system is installed, to which you can connect if necessary.

In some cases, the connection is shared when engineering communications several adjacent sites are connected. This method significantly complicates operation and subsequently complicates the maintenance of communications. A more preferable option is to connect each house individually to the central sewer system. Such a measure is not only desirable, but even necessary.

Many summer residents and owners of private houses prefer to make an individual sewerage and water supply system. This allows you to independently monitor their condition and drainage level. But difficulties with pumping the sewer, repairing it, and eliminating gusts will have to be solved independently, without counting on the help of water supply services. Connecting the sewer system to the general network allows you to use it for a very long time, provided that the bill is paid on time. Installing such a sewer allows you to save money by saving on the purchase of parts and installation of equipment. It is advisable to make the decision about whether to connect the sewerage system to the general network at the stage of building a house. This will save not only the time of connecting all the necessary devices, pipes and equipment, but also significantly reduce costs without spoiling appearance house and plot.

Carrying out the preparatory stage

First of all, you need to select the type of sewer connection. There are only 2 of them:

1. Mixed. In this case, the storm sewer will be connected together with the household sewer. That is, precipitation and runoff will pass through one pipe. This method is suitable when the nearby sewage system is of a mixed type.
2. Separate. At separate connection wastewater will go through one pipe, and precipitation through another. Used when domestic and storm sewers must be connected separately.

The connection must be coordinated with the water supply service. This organization establishes pipe sizes and installation methods. The organization must pay for the installation of pipes to the border of the site. The construction of an inlet connecting the house sewer system to the central sewer system is paid for by the developer. Connection work is not cheap. There is a way to save: the event should be started as part of a modernization project. To do this, before starting work, you need to contact the water utility with a corresponding request on the condition of financial participation in the event. If a positive decision is made, the organization will pay for some of the work. Another way to save on sewerage installation is a collective installation with neighbors.

Collection of documents

Those who do not like to go through the authorities can contact special service, engaged in sewerage installation. However, their work costs a lot of money, so if you decide to save money, you will have to collect the documents yourself. The package of documents includes:

1. Site plan showing pipeline layout. The plan can be made by a service that carries out geodetic examinations.
2. Conditions for a new connection. To obtain the document, you will have to contact a communications service organization.
3. Project for inserting a new sewer line into the central sewer. The project will be completed by a specialist based on the previous two documents.
4. Coordination of the plan with the architect and the water utility.

Making a connection to the central sewer system

Additionally, you will have to obtain permission from neighbors, especially if, in accordance with the project, the sewer line will pass through the territory summer cottages or close to them. It is necessary to prepare a separate document in which the neighbors will sign, confirming their consent. Collecting documents is a troublesome task, but necessary, since the unauthorized connection of a sewer branch to central system may result in a fine.

After collecting all the necessary documents, you can proceed to preparatory work in a private house. An inspection well must be installed near the house, which will be used to service the domestic sewerage system. A branch will go through it to the general sewer system. The installation of an inspection well is extremely important, since if it is absent, permission to insert a sewer will not be given. To connect the house to the sewerage system, you must prepare a trench for laying pipes. When digging trenches, you must maintain a slope so that wastewater flows by gravity into the sewer. Optimal inclination It’s easy to calculate: for every meter of pipe there should be a slight subsidence of about 3 cm.

The width of the trench must be sufficient to lay the pipe sufficiently large diameter(up to 250 mm). The bottom of the trench is thoroughly compacted, then covered with a layer of crushed stone or sand at least 10 cm thick. Make pits under the sockets.

Installation of sewer system

When installing a pipe from the house to the inspection well, you must do everything technical requirements. For example, observe: it should not be more than 7 mm per 1 m. This simple measure will extend the service life and simplify the passage through pipes Wastewater. A smaller angle of inclination will inevitably lead to clogging, as the movement of waste through the pipe will become more difficult. If you tilt it too far, the pipe will quickly fail. In addition, water through such a pipe will flow too quickly, not having time to wash away dirt, grease, etc., which will lead to a blockage.

In addition to the optimal slope level, one more requirement must be met: the depth of the trench. This indicator will vary depending on the depth of soil freezing. To find out optimal level trench depth, you need to familiarize yourself with sanitary standards and rules (SNiP). When digging trenches, it is necessary to take into account the type of soil, the depth of groundwater and other characteristics of the area. Typically, the depth of the trench does not exceed 1.2 m from the top edge of the pipe, but should not be less than 50 cm. Important point— number of pipe turns. Ideally, it is better not to do them at all. But if you can’t avoid the corners, it’s better to smooth them out. If the angle is too large, it is worth making another inspection well in this place.

After laying the pipe parts, begin backfilling: first a 10 cm layer of sand, then soil. After backfilling is completed, the place where the pipe passes is filled with water: this will allow the soil to settle well. The insertion itself into the sewer riser is carried out only with the personal participation of a water utility employee.

He is invited to confirm that the work was carried out efficiently, correctly and in accordance with all established standards. Subsequently, summing up new branch workers of special service are engaged in the general sewerage.

Storm sewer connection

The stormwater problem must be solved at the work planning stage. Combining storm and domestic sewage will increase the load on the pipes, which will cause problems. There are two ways to solve the problem:

1. Installation drainage system. Stormwater will flow into a special reservoir. A container is installed on the site where the pump is mounted.
2. Installation of storm drainage is carried out after receiving special permission. The rainwater pipe is separately connected to the central collector.

Connecting the branch to the general sewer system will make it possible to simplify the maintenance of the system as much as possible, not worry about the level of wastewater in the septic tank, and will eliminate many problems associated with repair and maintenance.

A central sewerage system connected to a private house once and for all solves the issue of drainage: removing sewage runoff and accumulated stormwater. To connect, you will need to comply with some legal formalities related to paperwork. Therefore, before starting work, it is worth determining whether the connection to the central sewer riser necessary.

Tapping into the central sewer system is justified for several reasons:

1. Savings on installation. There will be no need to install and maintain a septic tank, which requires significant material costs.
2. Easy to maintain. To continue using public sewerage services, it is enough to pay for the services provided on time. The sewer well needs to be regularly maintained: pump out accumulated wastewater, monitor its condition. You will need to regularly pay for the services of a vacuum cleaner.
3. There is no need to control the amount of wastewater discharged into the sewer well.

If the advantages are significant enough, then a connection to the central sewer system is necessary. After deciding on the feasibility of connecting, they determine what steps will need to be taken to connect to the riser legally.

Step-by-step document preparation plan

Connecting a private house to the central sewer system is legally permitted, but requires strict adherence to the rules of paperwork. The following order is followed:

1. Contacting a geodetic company. At this stage, a possible connection diagram is developed taking into account the characteristics of the soil, the depth of groundwater, and the location of the sites. The service is paid.
2. Obtaining technical specifications. Specifications are issued by an organization servicing existing water supply and wastewater disposal systems. The organization will consider the possibility of connection and issue permission for connection. If technical specifications do not allow connection, the organization provides detailed description reasons for refusal that can be challenged in court.


3. Project. The connection to the sewerage system is carried out according to the design prepared by a specialist. Documentation is prepared on the basis of previously issued technical conditions and a plan issued by a geodetic company.
4. Coordination. All documents are checked again. If there are no errors in the project and specifications, permission to insert is issued. The company specified during approval will connect the new network.

The difficulty of connecting in a private house often lies in the disagreement of neighbors to carry out construction work, in close proximity to their sites. Even at the stage of paperwork, it is worth collecting signatures from residents that they do not object to the installation.

Installation work

Only representatives of a specialized sewer network can make a connection into an existing sewer network. installation organization. At the stage of contacting the company, an estimate will be drawn up and the cost of the services provided for connection will be calculated.

To reduce costs, you can only agree on a tie-in into the central sewer riser, and do the connection of a private house and the wiring of the intra-house line yourself. The laying of the pipeline must be completed before the arrival of the installation company.

When laying a pipe from the house to the central riser, the following conditions must be observed:

1. Placed at the bottom of the trench sand cushion. The bottom is well compacted with water spillage.
2. The pipe slope is strictly observed, being at least 1 cm per linear meter.
3. The socket is mounted from the slope downwards.
4. Ideally, there should be no turns in the pipeline, but if corners are necessary, an inspection well is installed on top of it.

It happens that neighbors or friends with the best intentions recommend that a person deciding how to connect to a sewer do the cutting himself. But this is a gross violation of the existing building codes. The person who decides to connect must therefore be prepared for the consequences:

1. Penalties.
2. Disconnection from the sewer network for a long time.

Inspections of water supply lines are carried out regularly, so a pipeline that is independently embedded in the central network will exist for a long time treatment facilities, will not be. Official registration of the tie-in requires material investments, but will cost less than the fine that you will have to pay.

It is hard to imagine country cottage without a civil toilet and a cozy bathroom. But not every village is equipped with a waste collection system. Therefore, sewerage in a private house is carried out separately. Don't know which system to choose? This article will tell you about all the features of sewerage in a private house.

We described possible ways organization of waste collection, identified their features of arrangement and use. And also brought step-by-step instructions on drawing up a project, installation of a sewer pipeline, installation of a septic tank and drainage well.

There are several types of waste collection systems: central, storage, drainage, filtration.

Central. The house's waste pipe is connected to the general sewer network, through which organic waste is collected in the city sewer.

Depending on the distance of the central pipeline to the house, a decision is made on the advisability of using an autonomous or central sewerage system

Accumulation system- modern prototype. The main difference is the complete sealing of the waste collection point. It can be: concrete, brick, metal, plastic. To do this, remotely from residential building A ditch for a container is dug out on a plot of land.

Principle of operation storage system comes down to the discharge of organic compounds into sealed container. When it is full, the contents are pumped out sewage treatment plant by car.

This scheme for installing an individual sewer system in a private house has gained wide popularity due to its low cost.

Pipe ventilation arrangement

The sewer exhaust system is designed to balance the negative pressure inside the pipeline. Due to the connection of sewer pipes with the atmosphere, the system is leveled.

As ventilation system used:

• air valve.

Fan hood is a continuation of the central riser. It is installed above the roof ridge at a distance of 30-50 cm. To protect against precipitation, a deflector is attached to the outlet, which further enhances traction.

Installing a fan hood for a private cottage is extremely impractical. Such a system will require insulation of the pipeline, as well as the allocation of a separate ventilation duct in the partitions.

Air valve – perfect option. It is easy to install into the pipeline. The device is installed directly indoors. The valve is equipped with a soft rubber membrane that only allows air to pass inward.

For two-story house One device is enough. The valve is installed on the second floor.

Connection diagram for waste water discharge points to central pipe. The difference in height between the dishwasher and toilet drainage connections determines the overall angle of inclination of the pipeline

Stage No. 3 - installation of a septic tank

If you decide to make a sewerage system in a private house with your own hands, then it is better to install a septic tank from concrete rings or a ready-made plastic tank.

The volume of the container for collecting and settling organic waste is determined by calculation. Be sure to add extra cube. The pipe insertion point is located at a distance of 2/3 from the top edge of the septic tank, so it is not filled to the top.

Construction of a septic tank

The first step is to dig three holes for installing containers. To save time and financial costs, it is advisable to combine two settling tanks into one.

The bottom of the dug hole should be reinforced with a concrete base. Concrete cannot be placed on the ground, so add a layer of crushed stone 20 cm thick.

For the construction of the base, formwork is installed from construction board. It must be secured with reinforcement along the outer and inner perimeter.

Use the same mixture composition as for pouring the foundation. In this case, be sure to lay a knitted mesh as a reinforcing element. It is better to take M500 grade cement, since the weight of the filled container will be large.

After the base has hardened, and this will not happen earlier than after 3 weeks, proceed to installing the drives.

Using a crane, they install it into the dug hole. When the first link is laid, the joint with the base must be coated cement mortar or tile adhesive. This way you will achieve tightness.

Do the same with subsequent rings. Before installing the second and third, first apply a layer of mortar to the joints. After installing all the links, re-process the joints inside the container. When the tank is installed, a brick partition is made inside.

Mounted for cleaning. The horizontal partition is performed concrete slab with holes for plastic covers.

The last step is everyone internal surfaces two containers.

It is worth keeping in mind that the outlet from the first container should be 10 cm lower than the first - the entrance from the house.

The angle of inclination is determined by the same parameters as for home wiring: with a pipe diameter of 110 mm, the height difference per 1 m is 20 mm.

Installation diagram of a drainage septic tank with two sealed tanks. The presence of a second container allows you to filter water from silt and other contaminants

To ensure that the slope of the pipe complies with the standards, the inlet of the second settling tank is lowered by 10 cm relative to the first.

On top part tanks, as well as insulation is attached to the inside of the cleaning hatches. Cleanout or inspection hatches are installed directly above the overflow pipes so that they can be cleaned.

For device concrete base not required. Here the soil under the rings should allow water to pass through and retain sewage.

Therefore, a sand-crushed stone cushion is poured onto the bottom of the pit. The thicker the layer of crushed stone, the longer the well will perform its functions. Will have to be replaced after 5 years upper layer crushed stone for the new one, because the old one will silt.

Keep an eye on the level. When installing the first ring on crushed stone, one edge may become warped. If this happens, simply lift the link with a crane and level the level with crushed stone.

The joints of the rings must be treated with a solution to achieve a tight seal. The construction of waterproofing and an inspection hatch is similar to a sump.

Organization of septic tank ventilation

Installation ventilation pipes for septic tanks is justified only if aerobic bacteria are used. They intensively absorb air supplied through the hood.

Another type of biological bacteria are anaerobes. Their life processes take place without oxygen.

It is important not to confuse these two concepts, since some anaerobes die if there is air in the environment.

Added to settling tanks. Bacteria completely convert organic matter into water. In practice, this effect can only be achieved by installing complex filtration systems, but they still need to be used. Therefore, install a ventilation pipe in both sumps.

PVC sewer pipe for outdoor use is discharged from each container through a lid. A deflector is installed at the end.

Stage No. 4 - laying the central pipe

The sewer pipe, which removes sewage from the house, is diverted from the base to a distance of 5 m. The pipeline for external use is painted orange. This product differs from “home” pipes in having thicker walls. The permissible laying depth is 3 m.

A layer of sand of 8-10 cm is poured onto the bottom of the dug hole, as well as on top of the laid pipe. To ensure the best removal of organic waste from the house to the septic tank tanks, the pipe should run in one line. Turns of the central drain are strictly prohibited.

Alternatives to a drainage septic tank

A modern device that allows you to purify wastewater by 90% or more is a deep cleaning station.

Biological filtration devices are equipped with three degrees of purification$

• biological treatment with bacteria;
• mechanical filtration with meshes;
• final cleaning with chemical compounds.

It will not be possible to install such a sewer system on your own. The stations are produced in a single container, divided internally into several compartments. The device is volatile.

Compressor unit pumps air into the aerobic compartment for increased bacterial activity. Percentage of water purification, depending on the septic tank model

When the power is turned off, the bacteria will continue to live for up to two days. After this period, the installation loses its effectiveness. For cultivation new culture it will take a few days

Deep purification of organic matter allows you to use waste water for watering plants. For this purpose it is installed storage tank with pump.

It is advisable to use deep cleaning stations when groundwater located too close to the ground surface. Also, if the site has clay soil, natural drainage will be difficult.

In addition to a biological septic tank, a sealed tank can serve as a way out of the situation. It will have to be pumped out often, but you won't have any other problems.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

The intricacies of sewerage installation are outlined by the author of the video, who is busy laying sewer pipes:

The construction of a septic tank made of concrete rings will be discussed in the following video:

Sewerage installation in a private house - important stage construction. Even at the design stage, the owner should think about future design septic tanks, their location, as well as the filtration system.

The comfort of everyone living in the house will depend on the correct arrangement of the sewer system, therefore, if you have doubts about your abilities, it is better to entrust its arrangement to specialists.

The arrangement of sewer systems is perhaps one of the most expensive (in terms of finances, time and nerves) areas of work. But it is impossible to do without sewerage. Especially if you plan to live in the house permanently. Sometimes it is more profitable to connect a cottage to a central sewer system. In situations where the house is located within the city. How does tapping into a sewer happen? Who should I contact and what documents do I need to fill out?

Insertion into the central sewer system: an economical and legal approach

Intrusion into any utility systems (heating, gas and water supply, wastewater disposal) must be carried out with the permission of their owner. Illegal tapping into a sewer is only extra waste financial and time resources. You will have to pay a fine and dismantle the unauthorized section of the system at your own expense. Therefore, it is better to do everything legally.

1. Find out which organization is responsible for the disposal and treatment of wastewater in the area adjacent to the house.

2. Collect Required documents and execute preparatory work.

3. It is legal to connect to the city sewer system.

Now let’s take a closer look at each stage and outline savings options. Money.

Going to authorities, collecting papers, signing them, and approving them can be entrusted to a specialized company. But for this you will have to pay a tidy sum of money. If you do everything yourself, you will save money.

Can also be found the right words and a solid justification for contacting the water utility with a proposal to improve the sewer line adjacent to your house. The task is to convince city services of the benefits of this event.

You, as the owner of the house, will not have to call a surveyor, coordinate a connection plan, or register it with the necessary authorities. All we need is your financial help.

Vodokanal will be able to modernize one of the branches of the central sewer system and improve its reporting. This event is beneficial for both parties.

Another way to save is a collective connection to the central sewer system. Talk to your neighbors. Perhaps someone also wants to connect to the city sewer. It will be more profitable to do this at the same time.

Preparatory work

How to prepare for a tie-in sewer system cities?

1. Install an inspection well on the site.

It is needed for preventive inspection, cleaning and maintenance of the sewer line. Without an inspection well, you will not be allowed to connect to the central system. Since problems in your branch can lead to failure of the entire sewer system.

2. Connect internal system wastewater drainage with an inspection well.

The sewer pipes that come from the house must lie at a depth of at least one hundred and twenty centimeters. The slope of the sewerage per linear meter of pipeline is five millimeters (approximately). If the pipe is tilted less, the risk of blockages increases. If you make a slope of more than seven millimeters, pipe wear increases.

Connection to the city sewer

When all the preparatory work has been completed, you must inform the sewerage network company about your desire to connect to the sewer.

The connection procedure consists of several stages:

1. Call a surveyor.

A specialist examines the area. Will develop a situation plan, which will indicate the house plan and the plan of the future sewer line.

2. Submitting an application.

An application is submitted to the sewerage service company with a request to develop individual technical conditions for wastewater disposal.

3. Registration and approval of the project for entering the central sewer system.

You give the finished situation plan and technical specifications to the designers. Based on them, a project for entering the central sewer network is drawn up. This document must be approved by the water utility and the architect. The latter must also give permission for connection work to be carried out by one or another organization.

In some cases, permission from neighbors may be required to conduct repair work near their sites. If a new sewer line crosses road surface, permission from the road maintenance service and automobile inspection will be required.

When all the work is completed, the water utility must be notified about the launch of the line. The company servicing the sewerage network accepts the completed project and enters into an agreement to receive wastewater.

If the central sewerage pipeline is located above the area where the house is located, it is necessary to equip a pressure sewer.

The location of the receiving well (2) is determined on the site. It is equipped according to the principle of a simple septic tank. Wastewater from the house (1) enters the sump of the receiving well (2 a). The wastewater cleared of large suspended matter flows through the grate (9) into the pumping tank (2 b). A pump (10) is installed here, which will transport wastewater to common system sewer (8). The pump power depends on the following conditions:

• length of pressure line (6); this is a pipeline that removes wastewater from the site;
• the amount of drainage rise (how low the area is relative to the central highway);
• number of drains.

The pressure pipeline leads to the inspection well (3). From here the wastewater will flow into the city network by gravity (7).

Arrangement pressure sewer possible for several neighboring houses at once. The receiving well is made common. Accordingly, its size and pump power will be larger. If such work is planned, it is better to connect your home right away. Subsequent unauthorized tapping into the sewer can lead to overcrowding of the receiving well, breakdown of the pump, problems with neighbors and large fines.

Methods for inserting into a sewer pipe

How can I connect a branch to an existing sewer pipe?

1. Through a tee.

Saw and cut out a piece of the existing pipe. A tee will be installed at this location. Therefore, the dimensions of the cut piece must correspond to the dimensions of the tee.

The tee is put on the pipe sections using a coupling. The joints are welded.

If you need to connect to the system from plastic pipes, then one pipe is replaced with two sections. And between them a pipe is inserted to connect an additional branch. The preparation of a pipe section with a pipe is shown in the diagram:

2. Via adapter.

Modern transition device. To connect to the sewer system via an adapter, perform the following steps:

• shutting off water in the system;
• put a bit of a suitable diameter on the drill and make a hole in the pipe with it;
• if the adapter has bolts, then it is pulled onto the pipe and the bolts are tightened;
• if the device is without bolts, then degrease the surface, apply a cut-in and tighten the nut.

Box in sewer pipe must be performed by specialists. Since the serviceability of the system and the absence of leaks during operation depend on its quality.

When building a private house, issues related to water supply and sanitation arise. If the house is located in close proximity to settlement, then most likely there is a central sewerage system near the house. In this case, the most convenient way to drain water will be to connect to a centralized sewer network.

Connection methods

Depending on the type of central sewerage system passing near a private house, experts distinguish:

• Separate connection to the central sewerage system. This method is used if it is necessary to separately connect the domestic sewage system and storm sewer private house.

• A mixed connection is used when the nearby sewer system is mixed type. In this case, there is no need to insert two separate pipes.

If a private house is connected to a separate sewer system, then you can either additionally connect the private one to the general system, or use rainwater for domestic needs. To do this on personal plot a container is installed to collect sediment, into which the pump is immersed. Use rainwater can be used for watering plants, washing cars, garden paths or the facade of a building.

If the water obtained after precipitation is passed through a filtration system, it can additionally be used for washing clothes, washing dishes and other household needs.

Connection process

Main stages of work

For any method of drainage, you can contact a company whose specialists will carry out all necessary work, or do the connection yourself. If the home owner prefers to do all the work himself, then he needs to adhere to the following plan:

1. At the first stage, you will have to contact a geodetic company to develop a possible connection diagram. It should be noted that the services of such organizations are paid. You can reduce costs if you connect your house to the central sewer not alone, but together with your neighbors.
2. Apply with a package of documents to the company that services the selected sewer system. The company’s employees will develop the technical conditions necessary for connection.
3. Agree on the connection diagram and technical specifications with the architects.
4. Additionally, coordinate the project with other organizations whose networks are located along the proposed pipeline route. This includes traffic inspections (passing across the road), heating and electrical networks.
5. Carry out preparatory work to the point of connection into the central system.
6. In the presence of a specialist, connect a private house to the sewer system.
7. Notify the sewerage service organization about the connection and conclude a drainage agreement.

Preparation of necessary documents

From the main stages of the connection, it can be understood that the connection to the central sewer system is accompanied by many approvals and documents. The homeowner will have to collect a package of documents, which contains:

• plan land plot and domestic sewerage;
• documents certifying ownership of the house and land;
• a diagram of the proposed connection developed by water utility employees and signed by architectural organizations;
• permission from the architect to carry out tie-in work personally or by a specific organization;
• other permits in case of pipes passing through central networks and highways;
• consent of neighbors (an additional document may be required);
• application to the service organization notifying the time of work.

Tapping into the central sewer without prior approval will entail a large fine and the cost of dismantling a private sewer.

Preparatory work

The preparatory work that must be carried out after collecting documents, but before directly connecting to the network consists of:

• digging trenches for laying pipes;

• organizations near the house necessary for the maintenance of domestic sewerage;

• assembly and laying of pipes.

When laying the pipeline, the necessary slope of the system should be ensured, which ensures the passage of wastewater by gravity. According to the standards, pipes should sag by 3-5 cm in every meter.

Connection to the central sewerage system

The last stage of work is to directly connect local sewerage to the central system. This work should be done only in the personal presence of a representative of the water utility, who can subsequently confirm that everything was done correctly and complies with the developed standards.

The contract for drainage services is signed by a representative of the service organization and the homeowner. This document regulates the volume of wastewater and the fee for its provision.

Positive aspects of connecting a private house to a central sewer system

A connected central sewer system in a private house allows you to:

• save on purchase, installation and maintenance;
• there is no need to control the quality and quantity of wastewater;
• connect once to use sewer network possible for a long time by making the appropriate payments on time and correctly.

It is advisable to take care of the choice of local domestic sewerage and the method of drainage of wastewater at the stage of capital construction of a house. At this time, all connections of devices, pipelines, wells and additional equipment can be produced with minimal costs without spoiling the appearance of the site and the house.