There is - There are. Many people, when faced with the English language, do not fully understand this construction. There is\There are. At best, a person remembers a few phrases like: “There are a lot of theaters in Moscow” or “There are 4 rooms in my flat: bedroom, living room, kitchen and bathroom.” And of course, everyone learns that if a sentence contains the construction there is\there are, this sentence is translated into Russian, starting from the end: “There are many theaters in Moscow” “There are 4 rooms in my apartment: a bedroom, a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom.” This is where the knowledge of this design usually ends, while its capabilities are truly much greater.

So the design there is\there are allows us to describe objects that are somewhere. In Russian this is translated by the words “lies” “stands” “is” “hangs” “is (is)” somewhere.

there is\there are can be placed either at the beginning of a sentence or at middle(more complex case). For example, let’s take two topics: “Food” and “Interior items, furniture.”

• At the beginning of a sentence, in affirmative sentences: There are a lot of books in the bookcase.— There are a lot of books in the bookcase. Instead of the words a lot of - a lot, you can substitute a certain amount, for example, 56. There are fifty-six books in the bookcase. You can substitute different adjectives to describe these very books: There are many different kinds of books in the bookcase.— There are many different books (different types of books) in the bookcase. Further, separated by a colon, there may be a listing of these same types: detective stories, science fiction, fantasy, books for children... etc. Or there may not be a transfer
• In the middle of a sentence, in a special question. How many kind of books are there in the bookcase?- First there is a special question - What kind of books, then, as always, the auxiliary verb (as usual in questions) are + there, and then it is specified where exactly - in the bookcase?
• In the middle of an affirmative sentence. When it is said that someone is somewhere: How many people there are in the street! - How many people (are) on the street!

The design itself:

Affirmative: There is \There are + what? Who? (subject) + where.

• There are bedrooms in the house.- In the house There is bedrooms.
• There is an armchair in the room.- In the room costs armchair. In the room There is armchair.

Also, there is \ there are may not be translated into Russian at all. That is, it is implied that the object is located somewhere. There are twenty students in the classroom - There are 20 students in the class.(It is clear that they ARE there if they are IN the class)

• Grammar.

Everything is clear here: we focus on the object that is located somewhere. If there is only one item, put there is , if there is more than one item, put there are.

1. There is a big nice bed in my room. — In my room (is, is, is) a large, good bed.

There is one bed, which means IS.

2. There are many flowers in the vase - There are many flowers in the vase.

There are a lot of flowers, which means ARE.

Prepositions of place are also often used with there is\ there are.

under- under

behind- behind

opposite- against

on- on (the surface of something)

in- in (inside something)

by\next to\near- near, near, next to.

There is some sugar in my tea - I have sugar in my tea.

There are two apples next to the vase. — There are 2 apples near the vase.

There is a street. There is a big house in the street. There is a long iron fence opposite the house. There is a long road between a fence and a house. There are a lot of leaves on the road because it is autumn. There are a few trees at the end of the road.- This is the street. There is a big house on the street. Opposite the house is iron fence. There is a road between the fence and the house. There are a lot of leaves on the road because it is autumn. There are several trees at the end of the road.

Tense forms of the verb to be in there is/there are!!!:

Present Indefinite: there is/there are – there is, located;

Past Indefinite: there was/there were – was, was;

Future Indefinite: there will be (one form for plural and singular) – will be located;

Present Perfect: there has been/there have been – was, was;

Past Perfect: there had been (one form for plural and singular) - was, was;

Let's take some picture where objects are located in space, and try to describe it using this design.

There is a large comfortable living room in the house. There is a big wooden table in the middle of the room. There is a nice brown fur carpet on the floor. There are two sofas in the room. There are light pillows on the sofas. There are a few pictures on the walls above the sofas. There is a vase on the sofa table between the sofa and an armchair with some flowers in it. There is a white floor lamp near it. There are two caps and a teapot on the table.

The house has a large comfortable living room. In the center of the room there is a large wooden table. There is a beautiful wool rug on the floor. There are 2 sofas in the room. There are light pillows on the sofas. Several paintings hang on the walls above the sofas. Between the sofa and the chair on the table there is a vase of flowers. There is a large floor lamp next to her. There are two cups and a teapot on the table.

You can continue ad infinitum and even describe objects and their locations in even more detail. You can describe it by color, size, material of manufacture, your assessment (beautiful, dirty, attractive, ugly, comfortable, etc.), pattern, and many other characteristics.

• Interrogative sentences + answer to a general question. Is\ Are are placed at the beginning of the sentence.

Are are there nice pictures on the wall? Yes, there are.

Is is there any sugar in your tea? — Do you have sugar in your tea? Yes, there is

• Negative sentences.

They are built in two ways: There is - There are

1. Using the verb to be + NOT: There is not(isn’t) any cheese in the refrigerator. - There is no cheese in the refrigerator. There aren't any nice clothes in the store. — There are no beautiful clothes in the store (Remember that clothes are units)
2. Using the negative particle NO (can be used in the sense of “not at all”): There is no sugar at home. Let's go to get some. “Not a grain of sugar at home.” Shall we go buy it?

Instead of NOT ANY you can use NO: There is no money in my pockets - I have no money in my pockets.

How they are built and already written in topics of the same name. I won’t repeat myself, just follow the links and take a look. The schemes are the same, only the words change.

There is= There's - short form. There are - there is no short form!

Various examples:

• There is a letter on your desk. — There is a letter on the desk.
• There are some people in the office. — There are several people in the office.
• Look! There is a beautiful rainbow in the sky. - Look! There is a beautiful rainbow in the sky.
• There are two parks in this town. — There are two parks in the city.
• Are there any pens in the bag? — Are there handles in the bag?
• There aren't any pens in the bag. — There are no handles in the bag.
• There are no pens in the bag. — There are no handles in the bag.

.

This construction has no analogue in the Russian language, which makes it difficult to understand and use.

So, what does RPM mean?there is / there are V English language and when should we use them? You know what the word isthere translated as “there”, and the verbto be - be. If you combine these two words, you get “there is.”

To express the presence or existence in a certain place or period of time of any person or inanimate object, fact or phenomenon that is still unknown to us, the phrase "there is / there are " with the meaning “is”, “is”, “is”, “exists”.

This is where the function of this construction comes from: whenwe want to say that in some specific place there is something or someone, then we usethere + be .

Proposals with designthere is / there are translated from the end, that is, from the circumstances of place or time. And the wordthere is a formal element and is not translated into Russian, butfalls. However, in some cases it can be used twice. For example,when translating Russian sentences into English in which the adverbial adverbial place is expressedthere. Such In cases where an adverb is used at the end of a sentencethere , i.e. there isthe meaning is to indicate the meaning of "there".

At turnover there + be quite a wide range of applications. In this case, we will consider one of these applications, namely indicating the location of an object.

How are such proposals constructed?

There is / are+ who/what + where.

So you already know that turnoverthere is / there are Literally translated as "There is". Here's a choiceis orare depends on the number of nouns indicated by the phrase.

There is used,if followed by a singular count noun (acomputer, a book, apen) or uncountable noun (snow, sugar, water, gold), when we talk about one subject.

For example :

There is a computer in the room -INroom ( There is) computer.

There is a book in the bag. -INportfolio ( There is) book.

There is a pen on the table. - On the table there is a pen.

When we need to say that there are several objects in a certain place, i.e., for plural nouns we use there are(computers, books, pens).

For example: There are some books on my table . - There are several books on my table.

Sometimes a sentence lists several items, with the first being singular and the second plural (or vice versa). In this case, the turnoverthere + to be agrees in number with the noun that comes after it.

For example:

There is abook and twopens on thetable. - OntableThere isbookAndtwopens.

The singular noun comes first ( abook) , therefore the verb is also singular -there is .

There are twopensand onebookon thetable. - OntableThere istwopensAndbook.

First in the list is the plural noun ( twopens), so the verb is also plural - there are .

If we change placesthere is onis there , orthere are onare there , then you can construct interrogative sentences.

For example :

Is there apenon my table? -OnmytableThere is pen?

Are there anatbookson my table? - OnmytableThere isbooks?

Negative sentences with turnoverthere is / there are are formed by adding a negative particlenot to the verbto be .

For example :

There isn'tanatsnow.

There isno book on my table. -OnmytableNo books.

There areno books on my table. -OnmytableNo books.

Well, now we have reviewed with you the main provisions regarding turnoverthere is / there are. TOby the way, these provisions may be applicable not only for English, but also forsomeother foreign languages.

I would also like to add that the turnoverthere is / there are Very often found in English proverbs and sayings. But we'll talk about this next time.

Good luck!

The construction there is / there are is used to report the location of objects and persons. Remember a simple rule: If Russian offer begins with the adverbial adverbial place (the first word of the Russian sentence answers the question “where?”), then we will start the English sentence with there is / there are. For example: “There is a mouse in the box” - There is a mouse in the box. In this case, the very circumstance of place (in the box) must be placed at the end of the sentence. English sentences with the construction there is / there are are translated from the end (while There is... there are is not translated). For example: There is a bench in the garden - There is a bench in the garden.

If the sentence begins with a subject (“who?” or “what?”), this construction is not used, we translate it as it is: the car is in the street.

Google shortcode

Let us compare two sentences “there is a vase on the table” and “a vase on the table”. The first begins with the adverbial place, and the second with the subject, respectively, to translate the first sentence we use There is a…. - “there is a vase on the table”, and we translate the second sentence without this construction - “the vase is on the table”. If the subject (the thing referred to in the sentence) is singular, then there is is used, and if it is plural, then there are.

• Please note that (is, are) in such sentences can be translated as “lies”, “stands”, “hangs”, “grows”, “is located”: There are toys in the box - In the box lie toys, there is a big tree in front of my house - In front of my house growing a big tree.
• When listing items, There is used is, if the first item listed is singular (There is a copy book, three pencils and a ruler on the table) and there are, if the first item listed is in the plural (There are three pencils, a copy book and a ruler on the table).

Word order in affirmative, interrogative and negative sentences with the construction there is / there are

Prepositions of place are function words that connect members of a sentence and are closely related to the use of the construction there is / there are, so we consider them in this post. First, let’s remember the prepositions of place and direction in English

• On – on: there is an apple on the plate – there is an apple on the plate
• In – inside: there are pens in the bag – there are pens in the bag
• Above/over – above: there is a picture above the fireplace – a picture hangs above the fireplace
• At - at: at the wall - at the wall
• Near - near, around, nearby: near my house - near my house
• Under - under: under the table - under the table
• Below - below, under: below the window - below the window
• Behind - behind: behind the tree - behind the tree
• To - indicates movement towards an object: to school - to school, to work - to work, to a friend - to a friend
• Into - inside: into the room - into the room
• From - indicates movement from an object: from school - from school, from work - from work, take the cup from that boy - take the cup from that boy, take the book from the table - take the book from the table
• Out of - from (from within): out of the bag - from the bag
• In front of - in front of: in front of my house - in front of my house
• Between - between: between the cupboard and the sofa - between the closet and the sofa
• Up - up: up the street - up the street
• Through - through, through: through the window - through the window
• Across - across (crossing): across the street - across the street
• Beside/next to - next to (next in a row): sit next to me - sit next to me

• We recommend paying attention to the difference between the prepositions in and into. Phrases with the preposition in answer the question “where?” - in the cupboard - in the closet, in the bag - in the bag, in the box - in the box. Phrases with the preposition into answer the question “where?” - into the cupboard - into the closet, into the bag - into the bag, into the box - into the box.

More about the preposition into watch in our video:

• Remember the exceptions: on a tree - in the tree, on the street - in the street, in a picture - in the picture.

Prepositions in the English language perform many functions; they act as case endings, which are absent in the English language; they are an integral part of countless expressions and should never be neglected.

The grammatical construction proposed for study in this article is one of the basic lexico-grammatical phenomena of the English language, which occurs quite often both in oral and in writing and will definitely be useful to you in practice. But ignorance of this construction can confuse a person learning English literally in the most elementary situations.

The meaning of the construction there is/are and translation into Russian

This combination of words should not be translated literally, but so that you don’t feel the desire to go to the dictionary to translate individual elements, we will still give it. The adverb there corresponds to the Russian adverb “there, there”. Now let's look at a few examples that prove the inappropriateness of this adverb in Russian sentences equivalent to English ones containing the construction there is/are:

Thus, we see that in each of the sentences the construction there is/are is translated differently, but all these sentences are united by one thing - “somewhere (or sometime) something is (passes)”, which is general meaning this design. And in order to translate a sentence with the construction there is/are into Russian, it is enough to find an adverb of place (or time) - most often it is at the end of the sentence, less often at the very beginning; start a Russian sentence with it, and then the meaning of the object named after the construction there is/are will tell you how to continue the Russian sentence. Often verbs of location will appear in the translation - “lie”, “stand”, “hang”, “be”, etc. – and sometimes the verb will be completely absent in a Russian sentence, for example:

Sentence structure with there is/are

As you can see from the second example in the above group, the sentence does not necessarily begin with the construction there is/are itself. Quite often it begins with the adverbial adverbial place (or time), but the word order in the affirmative sentence remains direct, that is, after the adverbial adverbial the formal subject there is placed, then - required form the verb to be and what we are actually talking about is the semantic subject, which determines the form of the predicate.

Choice of Verb Form

There is/are is only one temporary form among those in which this construction is used, namely the form. But already at this initial stage it is important to correctly determine the right one. So, is(often in the form of the abbreviation ‘s) is used if we're talking about about one subject (phenomenon). Form are(‘re) is used when talking about plural objects, for example:

singular	plural
There is a new supermarket near my house.	There are two churches near my house.
There is a new supermarket near my house.	There are two churches near my house.
There’s a train to London at 10.30 a.m.	There’re three trains to London in the morning.
At 10.30 am the train leaves for London.	There are three trains to London in the morning.

In such sentences, it is the adverb there that is the formal (desemantized, that is, not having its own meaning) subject, while a little further, after the required form of the verb to be, there is a semantic subject that has eigenvalue. The agreement of the personal form of the verb is carried out with the semantic subject, while direct or reverse word order is determined by the position of the formal subject.

What is curious is that if after the construction there is/are there is a listing of objects, then the choice of the singular or plural verb form is based on what number the first of the listed objects has, for example:

It is possible to use the construction there is/are in other tense forms. And although the very meaning of this construction, implying a state, location, and not a dynamic process, introduces restrictions on the number of tense forms in which its use is permissible, tenses are quite common for this construction. The tense forms Continuous and Perfect Continuous are not allowed for this construction.

time	design diagram	example	translation of example
Present Simple	there is/are	There is a book of poetry on the shelf.	There is a book with poems on the shelf.
Past Simple	there was/were	There were 250 rooms in the hotel where we stayed last year.	The hotel where we stayed last summer had 250 rooms.
Future Simple	there will be	There will be a thunderstorm tomorrow.	There will be a thunderstorm tomorrow.
Present Perfect	there has/have been	Look! There has been an accident on this road.	Look! There was an accident on this road.
Past Perfect	there had been	We went by and saw two crashed cars. There had been an accident on that road.	We passed by and saw two cars collide. There was an accident on that road.
Future Perfect (very rare and requires specific context)	there will have been	There will have been a meeting in your classroom when you come there.	There will be a meeting in your class by the time you get there.

Negative form

To form a negative form of the construction there is/are in any of its temporal variations, it is necessary to add the particle not directly to the desired form of the verb to be or an auxiliary verb, if it is provided for by the tense form, for example:

Question forms

To form interrogative sentences with the construction there is/are, it is necessary to resort to inversion - reverse word order, in which the required form of the verb to be or an auxiliary verb, if necessary to create the required tense form, precedes the formal subject there. Let's look at five examples different types questions:

question type	example	translation
general question	Is thereany bread at home? – Yes, there is some.	Is there bread at home? - Yes there is a bit.
special question	Why are there so many people everywhere?	Why are there so many people everywhere?
alternative question	Is there any tea or coffee in the cupboard?	IN kitchen cabinet is there tea or coffee?
question to the subject	Who was there in the room?	Who was in the room?
separated question	There are three pandas in the zoo, aren’t there? There aren’t any teachers in the classroom now, are there?	There are three pandas in the zoo, aren't there? There are no teachers in the classroom now, are there?

Use with modal verbs

The construction there is/are forms stable combinations with modal verbs. In this case, the verb to be is used, for example:

There’s a table in the room vs. The table is in the room

Why is it necessary in some cases to use the construction there is/are and how does it differ from a similar sentence without this construction given above? Let's look at them in more detail:

	There’s a table in the room.	The table is in the room.
translation	There is a table in the room.	The table is in the room.
the question that the sentence answers	What is there in the room? – What is in the room?	Where is the table? -Where is the table?
main information statements	a table - table	in the room - in the room

Thus, we can conclude that such statements differ speech intention the speaker, that is, by what he wants to highlight as the main or new information of the sentence.

Here you can take a lesson on the topic: English phrases There is and There are. English phrases There is and There are.

In English there is a special form of expressing the arrangement of things. For these purposes they are used rpm there is And there are. In this lesson we will look at in what cases and how to use these phrases correctly, as well as some of their distinctive features.

In Russian, we literally translate the phrase there is/ there are - there is, but it is believed that sentences starting with such a phrase are better translate from the end omitting the word "there". For example:

There is one chair in the room. - There (is) one chair in the room.
There are some chairs in the room. - There (are) several chairs in the room.

1. The English quite often use the phrase there is/there are, mainly to mark where and what is located, so the location is present in the sentence. The phrase itself there is/ there are is customary to put at the beginning of a sentence. Let's look at examples:

There is a knife on the table. - There (is, lies) a knife on the table.
There are five balls in the box. - There (are) five balls in the box.

Please note that the phrase there is is used before subjects singular, and there are - in front of the subjects in plural. Order affirmative proposals next: Subject (There) - Predicate (to be) - Object (Object) - Circumstance (Adverbial modifier).

Often in sentences with the phrase there is/ there are used in addition numerals, articles or indefinite pronouns. For example:

There is a cup of tea on the table. - There (is) a cup of tea on the table.
There is one stove in the kitchen. - There (is) one stove in the kitchen.

There is some furniture in the hall. - There (are) some furniture in the hall.

There are six couples in the game. - There (are, participate in) six pairs in the game.
There are some houses nearby. - There (are) several houses nearby.

As can be seen from the examples, with countable objects in the singular, you can use the numeral one, or the indefinite article a/an; with uncountable nouns (for example, furniture) the indefinite pronoun some is usually used; and with countable objects in the plural - any other numerals, or the indefinite pronoun some (also several - several).

Negative sentences with the phrase there is/ there are formed by adding the negative particle “not” to the verb to be. As a result, we get negative phrases there is not/ there are not, which can be reduced to the forms there isn't/ there aren't. Let's look at examples:

There isn't a door in this room. - There is no door in the room.
There isn't any milk in the refrigerator. - There is no milk in the refrigerator.
There aren't any people at the store. - There are no people in the store.

From the examples it is clear that in negative sentences, the pronoun some is replaced by the pronoun any. The same change occurs in interrogative sentences.

In many sentences with the phrase there is/there are, the word “no” is also often used to give the sentence a negative connotation. However, abbreviations in such phrases are not allowed. For example:

There is no ham on this sandwich. - There is no ham on this sandwich.
There are no palyers in this team. - There are no players in this team.

For creating questions with the phrase there is/ there are, it is enough to apply inversion, i.e. swap the subject with the predicate. For example:

Is there one TV in the bedroom? - Yes, there is. -No, there isn't. -Is there a TV in the bedroom? -Yes. -No.
Is there any sugar in the tea? -Yes, there is. -No, there isn't. -Is there sugar in tea? -Yes. -No.
Are there any windows in the castle? -Yes, there are. -No, there aren't." - Are there windows in the castle? - Yes. - No.

As can be seen from the examples, short answers to general questions also contain the phrase there is/there in the affirmative or negative form.

With the revolutions there is/ there are you can also build special questions with question words who? what? why? etc. (everything except the word where?). In such questions, question words are put in first place, and then the sentence is constructed as in general issue. Let's look at examples:

What is there in your bag? - What (is) in your bag?
Why are there so many policemen in the bank? - Why are there so many police officers in the bank?
Who is there in your car? -Who's there in your car?
How many students are there in the classroom? - How many students are there in the class?

2. Special attention should be paid phonetic side turn there is/ there, since it contains some of the most complex English sounds for pronunciation. These are the sounds /ð/ and /зə/. Try reading the following sentences, paying attention to pronunciation:

There is /ðзəiz/ a leather jacket in the car. - There (is) a leather jacket in the car.
There are /ðзəa:/ some bird feathers on the hat. - The hat (has) several bird feathers.

There isn't /ðзəiznt/ any water in the kitchen. - There is no water in the kitchen.
There aren't /ðзəa:nt/ any toothbrushes in the bathroom. - There are no toothbrushes in the bathroom.

Is there /izðзə:/ a book on the table? - Is there a book on the table?
Are there /a:ðзə:/any glasses in the cupboard? - Are there glasses in the kitchen cabinet?

3. The phrase there is/ there are is also used in past tense. Since the main verb in the phrase is the verb to be, then in the past tense the singular phrase is - there was, and the plural phrase is there were. Let's look at different forms of proposals:

There was a supermarket in this area of ​​the city. - There was a supermarket in this part of the city.
There were some interesting pistures in the gallery. - There were several interesting paintings in the gallery.

There wasn't a computer in the study. - There was no computer in the office.
There weren't any horses in the village. - There were no horses in the village.

Was there any food in the refrigerator? - Was there food in the refrigerator?
Were there any Italian restaurants in the city? - Were there any Italian restaurants in the city?

4. The phrases there is/ there are are often found in English proverbs and sayings.

There are none so blind as those that will not see. - There are none more blind than those who do not want to see.
There’s more than one way to skin a cat. - There is more than one way to skin a cat. / Not by washing, but by rolling.
There's no bad weather, there are bad clothes. - There is no bad weather, only bad clothes.
There's no smoke without fire. - There is no smoke without fire.
There's no place like home. - There is no better place than home./ It’s good when visiting, but at home it’s better.
There's no time like the present. - There is no better time than now. / Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
There’s no such thing as a free lunch. - There are no free lunches./ Free cheese is only in a mousetrap.

Thus, we got acquainted with one of the most frequently used English phrases there is / there are, its general characteristic, as well as some grammatical and phonetic properties. Since the phrase there is/ there are is mainly used to indicate the location of various objects, you can practice composing your own sentences. Take a look around. What do you see? Where are the things you are used to? etc. The more examples you have, the better!