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In the classic image, the rose has 32 petals, hence the name compass rose. For the ancient Romans, the rose symbolized mystery. There was an expression that became a proverb - “Sub rosa dictum” (“It is said under the rose”), that is, it must be kept secret. A rose blooming on a cross is the emblem of the Rosicrucians. The symbolism of a rose depends on its color (scarlet rose - passion, yellow rose - separation or betrayal in love, white rose - tenderness, etc.). The rose is a symbol of the War of the Scarlet and White Roses (1455-1485). The scarlet rose is a symbol of the Lancaster dynasty, and the white rose is the symbol of the York dynasty. Rose in history and symbolism

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Application 1. In perfumery 2. In cosmetics 3. In medicine 4. In cooking 5. In floral design

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In perfumery, Rose is used in perfumery both independently (rose oil) and to create perfume compositions. Rose oil (mostly synthetic) is found in 46% of men's and 98% of women's perfumes. French perfumers most highly value roses growing near the city of Grasse, as well as on plantations in Bulgaria in the Valley of Roses near the city of Kazanlak.

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In cosmetics Rose extract is widely used in cosmetics. It effectively moisturizes the skin, promotes its regeneration, has a tonic effect, soothes and rejuvenates the skin, restores the natural color and elasticity of the skin, making it soft and tender.

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In medicine Healing properties roses have been known since ancient times. However, at present, Western medicine uses rose little, while in the East the attitude towards it has not changed. In the Middle Ages, roses were used to treat a huge number of diseases: menstrual disorders, headache, stomach disorders, liver congestion, fever (plague), eye infections and skin diseases.

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Roses are often used in cooking as a flavoring agent. Rose petal jam is also popular.

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In floral design, Roses are one of the most popular flowers for creating bouquets.

The genus Rose belongs to the Rosaceae family and, according to various authors, unites from 150 to 300 species, varieties and forms. Roses are shrubs with straight or slightly drooping branches-shoots from 30 cm to 2 m or more in height, and vines with long whip-like shoots (from 3 to 12 m) creeping along the ground or clinging to supports with strong thorns, and shrubs with thin, slightly lignified shoots cm high. Some roses form low cushion-shaped bushes. It is native to the tropics of Southeast Asia. There are a huge number of species and varieties of roses bred by breeders.

There have been many classification projects. As a result, they took as a basis not the origin of roses, but stable garden characteristics: decorative and biological features types and varieties. To make it easier to navigate, all roses were divided into three large groups: species (wild), ancient park roses, known before the advent of hybrid tea roses (1867) and left unchanged as entitled to special treatment, and modern ones. Garden roses are divided into several groups. Here are some of them: Hybrid tea roses; Floribunda roses; Climbing roses; Ground cover roses; Miniature roses. Representatives of these groups are beautiful in their own way, have various forms and colors of flowers, have different heights, timing and nature of flowering. We will talk about each of the groups in more detail.

Hybrid tea roses With large flowers (10-12 cm), up to the petals, and a delicate scent - appeared in France. It is believed that the appearance of the hybrid tea rose caused a revolution; these roses surpassed all other varieties that existed in Europe at that time in their beauty and sustainability. Appearing as a result of an accidental crossing in 1867, the hybrid tea rose initially did not arouse any interest. Only in the 20th century, when many varieties of this type were obtained, she gained fame and acquired the title of queen of roses. Now the hybrid tea rose has no equal in popularity - 10 thousand varieties have been bred in the world! True, only 200 were widely used, but that’s still a lot.

Alexander (HARlex, Alexandra) Introducer: Harkness, The rose has two outstanding qualities - great vitality and bright color. Flowers of bright, unfading, luminous scarlet color. The bush quickly reaches 2 m in height, and the flowers formed at the ends of powerful shoots look disproportionately small. Individually, the flowers can be quite large. During the first flowering, the flowers are usually single, in subsequent waves they can appear in clusters of up to 7 pieces. Thanks to its long shoots, the rose is good for cutting. The foliage is small, dull, and susceptible to disease. The variety blooms quite profusely, is resistant to rain and is very prickly. Bush ShapeFlower

Alphonse Daudet (MEIrouve) Introducer: Meilland, Soft yellow buds, classic hybrid tea rose shape. The opened flowers (11-13cm) are lodged, densely double, fully blossomed, showing the stamens. The inner petals are rich in color, in golden apricot tones, with outside darker. The bush is vigorous, erect, with large leaves. It blooms intermittently, and closer to autumn it may become affected by black spot. Bush ShapeFlower

Abracadabra (KORhocsel) Introducer: Kordes. The flowers are small (6-7cm), red with yellow stripes. Height cm. Very similar to the Hocus Pocus variety, but more striped. Medium sized bush with shiny dark green foliage. Cut variety, but can grow in open ground. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Alpine Sunset Introducer: Cants, Buds slightly pointed, yellow with red. The flowers are multi-colored, creamy-yellow on the outside, peach-pink on the inside, good shape, large (1012 cm), double (4045 petals), very fragrant. Flowers appear on long stems, singly or in small racemes (rarely more than four). After a long pause they bloom again, with larger clusters. The bush is narrow, there are few shoots, the leaves are shiny and leathery. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Allelyia (DELatur) Introducer: Delbar, Long buds with silvery “underside” of petals slowly open into double flowers. The upper side of the petals is velvety, of an exquisite deep red color. Flowers (12-13cm) have practically no smell. The bush is lush, with shiny dark green foliage. Resistant to diseases. FlowerBush Shape

Blue River (KORsicht) Introducer: Kordes, Lilac flowers, darker purple towards the edges of the petals, fading to pink with age. The flowers are densely double, with curled petals, spherical in shape (10-11cm), usually appear one at a time or in clusters of 2-5, in large numbers, on a dense, branched, strong plant. It blooms quite profusely. Medium sized bush with shiny dark green foliage. The flowers are very fragrant and last a long time when cut. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Belle Epoque (FRYaboo) Introducer: Fryer, Flowers (9-10cm) bronze-yellow, with darker undersides of petals - orange with rusty brown and pink shades. The buds are elegant, conical in shape, opening into slightly cupped flowers. They appear singly or in small clusters on a strong, tall bush that blooms early. Repeated flowering will also not take long. The foliage is hard bright green. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Big Purple (Nuit dOrient, Stephens Big Purple) Introducer: Stephens, The darkest purple of all hybrid tea roses. Large oval buds slowly open into double flowers (cm) with 35 petals. They are very fragrant and appear on long shoots on a tall, erect bush (up to 1 m). It blooms well again, but after the first flowering there is a noticeable break. The foliage is dark green and disease resistant. Enough winter-hardy variety. Bush ShapeFlower

Black Magic (TANkalgic) Introducer: Tantau, Popular in hot, dry climates including Australia, California and South Africa. The buds are so dark that they appear almost black. Even when they begin to bloom, the flowers are black and red, and only the very central petals can be called red, or rather a very dark crimson. Flowers are medium in size (8-9cm), with petals beautifully bent downwards, appear one at a time or sometimes in clusters of up to 4 pieces. The bush is vigorous, elongated, erect, with dark green foliage, resistant to diseases, and bronze new growth. Bush ShapeFlower

Spiced Coffee (MACjuliat, Old Spice, Siegfried Sassoon, Vidal Sassoon) Introducer: McGredy, This is one of the vigorousest brown roses, but unfortunately one of the most disease-prone. Very large cup-shaped beige flowers (12-13cm) consist of only petals. In colder climates the color is more pink and lavender. In the heat, the color shows up best - it really is coffee with milk. The flowers are some of the most fragrant of the brown roses, with a strong clove scent. Easily reaches 120 cm or more in the first year after planting. The foliage is matte, light green, and requires regular preventative spraying. Bush ShapeFlower

Floribunda roses are inferior to hybrid teas in elegance, but superior in the duration of flowering, almost continuous throughout the summer and autumn. It is also more reliable in the middle zone and easier to care for. The peculiarity of floribunda roses is that the flowers on the shoots are not located singly, but in inflorescences, sometimes several dozen pieces. It's hard to think of a better garden decoration. Recently, two more groups of bush roses with inflorescences were identified from the floribunda group: grandiflora, which included large varieties, and patio, which included smaller varieties. There are also very small multi-flowered roses - polyanthus. At one time, floribunda roses were obtained by crossing polyantha roses with hybrid tea roses.

Allgold Introducer: Le Grice, One of the old classic floribundas, but still found in the market. The buds are pointed. The flowers are buttercup-yellow, bright, large (7-8 cm), semi-double (1522 petals), barely fragrant, in inflorescences of 34. The leaves are dark green, leathery, shiny. The bushes are low (35 cm), smooth, bushy. Resistant to diseases, blooms in waves with short breaks. It grows better in cold climates; the flowers are not afraid of rain. There is a braiding sport. Bush ShapeFlower

Bordure Rose (DELbara, Happy Anniversary, Roslyne, Strawberry Ice) Introducer: Delbard, Flowers (7-8cm) Pink colour, shaped like camellias, with a white spot in the center. The reverse side of the petals is also white, with the exception of a pink tint at the edges. Flowers appear in racemes of 5-10 pieces, on short stalks. In cold weather and rain the flowers do not look their best, but the first bloom is very beautiful. The bush is dense and branched. Looks best when planted in a group. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Brilliant Pink Iceberg (PRObril) Introduced by: Lilia Weatherly. This Iceberg sport is found in Hobart Gardens, Tasmania. It has all the qualities of its ancestor, is disease resistant, has light green foliage and a light scent. It blooms almost continuously for a long period. Flowers vary in color from pink to white, often appearing "hand-painted", with strokes and specks along the surface of the petal. They fade with age, and in hot weather the color becomes lighter. The stamens are usually orange-pink and retain their color with age. Some flowers can be pure white, like Iceberg. Beautiful rose, perfect choice for a standard or bush rose. Bush ShapeFlower

Brown Velvet (MACultra, Colorbreak) Introducer: McGredy, The flowers are fragrant, densely double, very large for a floribunda, usually 9-10 cm, with wavy petals. Appear in clusters of up to 12 pieces (in autumn, sometimes more). Color is very variable. The smoky plum shade on a scarlet or dark orange base, which creates a velvety look, only appears in cold weather. However, in the summer, in the heat, the color changes from cinnabar-red-orange to tobacco-copper. Brown Velvet has unusually dark and shiny foliage that is usually disease resistant. The bush is quite vigorous, but not tall. However, when grown in hot climates without pruning, it can reach 2 m. Bush shapeFlower

Claude Monet (JACdesa) Introducer: Jackson&Perkins, The flowers are very beautiful, lemon yellow with red stripes, when they first open, they later turn creamy pink. Flowers (8-10cm) appear one at a time or in clusters of up to 5 pcs. beautiful shape, with many wide short petals. Blooms profusely again. The bush is cm high. The aroma of bergamot is most pronounced in half-bloom. Usually disease resistant. Bush ShapeFlower

Garden Glory (HARzumber, Welwyn Garden Glory) Introducer: Harkness, Large apricot flowers, with slightly darker undersides of the petals, creating beautiful dark shadows between the petals. The flowers fade slowly through creamy to soft pink, but the center of the flower always remains darker. They usually appear one at a time, sometimes 2-3, and are excellent when cut. The bush is strong, narrow, erect, with tough shoots. The foliage is dark green, shiny, and usually disease resistant. Bush ShapeFlower

Niccolo Paganini (MEIcairma, Courage, Paganini) Introducer: Meilland, The buds of this variety are elongated, gracefully conical in shape, opening into round flowers with a neatly curled center. The flowers are quite large (7-8cm), bright red, velvety texture, appear in racemes of 5-12 pieces, sometimes more. Almost no smell. Bushes up to 80 cm high, densely and evenly leafy. The variety blooms profusely and for a long time, is characterized by high winter hardiness and disease resistance. Bush ShapeFlower

Irene av Denmark Introducer: Poulsen, Oval buds. The flowers are white, cup-shaped to open, medium (67 cm), double (3540 petals), fragrant, in inflorescences of 517. The leaves are oval, light green, soft, shiny. The bushes are medium (6065 cm), compact, dense. The foliage is dark and sets off the petals well. Flowering is abundant. Winter-hardy. Slightly susceptible to fungal diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Climbing roses Numerous varieties of climbing roses can be divided into two types: Rambler roses with thin creeping or drooping stems that require support. Small flowers, collected in large inflorescences, appear only on last year's shoots. Roses bloom only once - in July, but for a long time and abundantly. The rest of the time these are openwork green trellises. Climber roses are the result of crossing Rambler roses with hybrid teas and floribundas. They have thick, strong shoots, which, growing 3-4 m, need not so much support as direction. These roses large flowers, blooming all summer and autumn - until frost. In addition, they are less susceptible to disease.

Alberic Barbier Introducer: Barbier, Oval buds. The flowers are creamy-white, yellow in the center, large (68 cm), densely double (6575 petals), fragrant, in small inflorescences. The leaves are dark green and shiny. The bushes are very vigorous (up to 3 m). Flowering is moderate, sometimes repairs. Winter-hardy. Tolerates partial shade and heat. Sensitive to powdery mildew. Bush ShapeFlower

Alchymist Introducer: Kordes, Large, densely double flowers (10-11cm) are initially yellow in color, but then become soft pink with a salmon, orange or apricot tint. Blooms profusely, but not for long. Very fragrant. A vigorous but rather tough bush up to 3.5 m tall, with shiny bronze-green foliage that darkens with age. Somewhat susceptible to powdery mildew. Suitable for shaded areas. Tolerates partial shade and poor soils. Bush ShapeFlower

Bleu Magenta The origins of this popular purple rose are a mystery. It is known that she came from LHay-les-Roses in the 1950s. Untitled. This is probably an old rose whose name has been lost. The opening flowers are dark pink or crimson, becoming first purple, then violet, and finally slate blue, but the overall impression is dark purple. Many flowers have white streaks running from the center. The flowers are quite large (6-7 cm), densely double, flat rosettes. Appear in thick brushes, piece by piece. The shoots are almost devoid of thorns, the foliage is small and dense. The bush reaches 4 m. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Pauls Himalayan Musk Introducer: W. Paul, The flowers are small, 3 cm in diameter, densely double, the petals are neatly arranged in a beautiful rosette. Once opened, the flowers are soft lilac-pink, fading to white in the next couple of days. They smell strongly of musk, are shaded by abundant pale green foliage, and appear in large, voluminous clusters. When planted in the most unsuitable place for roses, at the foot of a large tree, in a couple of years this rose will curl it and bloom profusely, hanging down in beautiful cascades of flowers. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Santana (TANklseant) Introducer: Tantau Flowers (10 cm) semi-double, good at all stages of dissolution. They are a rich, shining, blood-red color, resistant to rain, and do not fade for a long time. They appear in small clusters (usually 3-7 flowers), not only in the upper part of the bush, but along all shoots from bottom to top. The bush is vigorous, very resistant to diseases, with dark, shiny foliage. The variety is frost-resistant. It blooms profusely, repairs well, the bush is covered with flowers until the first frost. Bush ShapeFlower

Ground cover roses Many varieties of ground cover roses translated from English are called “flower carpet”, “snow carpet”, “magic carpet”. There are varieties that do not form carpets, but cascades. The height of plants in this group can be from 20 cm to 2 m, although the width of the bush significantly exceeds the height.

Alba Meillandecor (MEIflopan, Alba Meidiland, Alba Sunblaze, Blanc Meillandecor) Introducer: Meilland, Pure white, double, cup-shaped flowers are small (about 1cm), collected in racemes of 3-5 pieces. The flowering is so abundant that the leaves are not visible behind the flowers. The bush is growing quickly. The variety is frost-resistant and disease-resistant. Faded flowers fall off on their own, so there is no need to trim them, and the bush always looks neat. Bush ShapeFlower

Fairy Dance (HARward) Introducer: Harkness, Flowers (3-4cm) dark pink or crimson, semi-double, appear in large numbers, in racemes of 5-15 pieces. The foliage is small, dark green, shiny, disease resistant. In its native UK the bush is compact, but in hot climates it grows much taller and can be used as a miniature climbing rose. Blooms profusely and takes cuttings well. Suitable for containers. Bush ShapeFlower

Sea Foam Introducer: Schwartz, The flowers are white with a pink and pearly center that fades quickly. They have an ancient shape, densely double. The flowers perform best in hot, dry weather, although they are larger in cool, humid climates. The variety begins to bloom late, but then blooms continuously until late autumn. Sea Foam has long, drooping shoots that reach only 1 m in cold climates, but reach 3 m in hot conditions. The foliage is small, dark green, disease resistant, and the bush is very prickly. Propagates well by cuttings. Bush ShapeFlower

Deborah (MEInoiral, Play Rose) Introducer: Meilland, Large, double, raspberry pink flowers(7-8cm) are not inferior in beauty hybrid tea roses. This variety can be chosen for any garden. Bushes 1.0-1.2 m high, with strong, slightly spreading shoots. The leaves are emerald green. It looks very beautiful in flower beds and hedges. The variety is frost-resistant and disease-resistant. Bush ShapeFlower

Gypsy Jewel Introducer: Moore, Oval, pointed buds. The flowers are dense pink, fade slightly, with a high center, when flowering the petals bend downwards, medium (35 cm), densely double (up to 100 petals), slightly fragrant, in small inflorescences and solitary, on thin, strong peduncles. The leaves are elongated, dark green, leathery, shiny, young leaves and shoots are dark red. Thorns are rare. The bushes are compact. Flowering is moderate all season. Flowers last a long time. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Peach Meillandina (MEIxerul, Peche Meillandina, Peach Sunblaze) Introducer: Meilland, One of the shortest roses in the Meillandina series, this floribunda is so short and compact that it is classified as a patio rose. The flowers are very beautiful, delicate, peach-pink, with yellow tint in the center of the flower. They have the shape of rosettes, appear one at a time or in clusters, usually 3-5 pieces, sometimes more. The bush is neat, disease-resistant, with small dark foliage, prickly. The variety is very good for containers and the front edge of borders. Bush ShapeFlower

RisenShine (Golden Meillandina) Introducer: Moore Popular throughout the world, RisenShine is still one of the most widely planted yellow miniature roses. The buds are egg yellow, with a paler back side petal, open into bright yellow flowers, which then fade to lemon and cream. The yellow stamens in the center highlight the beauty of the flower. Flowers appear one at a time or in beautiful clusters of up to 7 pieces. The bush is dense, branched, with small foliage, resistant to diseases, vigorous. Flowering repeats very quickly. Bush ShapeFlower

Starsn Stripes Introducer: Moore, This charming miniature was the first of the modern striped roses. The flowers are mostly white with crimson stripes and spots. They consist of 21 petals. They appear on long graceful shoots in clusters of 3-5 pieces, over the entire surface of the bush. The foliage is neat, dark green, the shoots are almost thornless. The bush is elegant, erect, and in hot climates can reach 1.5 m. The main disadvantage of the variety is that the petals do not fall off for a long time and dry up right on the bush. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

Sweet Dream (FRYminicot, Apricot Sweet Dreams, Sweet Dreams) Introducer: Fryer, A surprisingly low growing floribunda rose with beautiful apricot flowers that don't fade and stand up well to rain. The flowers are about 5 cm in diameter, cup-shaped, densely double. The bush is neat and erect. The leaves are beautiful, dark green, however, the bush looks somewhat bare. The aroma is rich and sweet. Suitable for growing in pots and flower beds, but also in the garden as a patio rose. Prefers full sun. Resistant to diseases. Bush ShapeFlower

1. 1. Completed by Alexandra Nikolaeva, 1st year undergraduate student of the educational program “Primary Education” at the FEFU School of Pedagogy Roza
2. 2. Contents: Description Habitat Image of flowering Meaning for humans
3. 3. Rose and rose hips Rose is a separate genus of the Rosaceae family, which unites cultivated (roses) and wild (rose hips) species.
4. 4. Roses are erect, multi-stemmed shrubs, ranging in height from 0.5 to 2.5 m, and some evergreen climbing species reach 10 m. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, in most species they consist of 5–7, sometimes 9–11 leaflets . Description
5. 5. Replanting a rose ● Prepare a larger pot (5-6 cm in height and 5 cm in width). ● Arrange drainage using pebbles and gravel at the bottom of the pot. ● Lightly sprinkle with soil, plant the rose there and water it with settled water. ● On the hottest days, move the rose to a cooler room, away from the sun.
6. 6. Image of flowering Roses for storage should be dug up in dry weather, when there is slight frost at night - this way the plant will be better preserved. Before storage, each rose bush must be carefully checked and prepared: if necessary, the stems are shortened so that 8-10 buds remain, the tops and leaves are removed, the roots are trimmed, 3-4 shoots are left on the bush, the rest are cut off. After this, the roses are laid out by variety, the bushes are tied together and sent for storage.
7. 7. Meaning for humans Roses are considered the most beautiful and wonderful flowers, so the importance of roses in our lives cannot be overestimated. If a rose is given along with an unopened white rose, it means: “I love you, but you are still very young.” As in the good old days, it is customary to give each other roses (it doesn’t matter what city you live in: Moscow, or Paris, or Astana) to express your feelings. Roses will say more than a thousand words. Roses can justify us, they can bring joy, they can express sorrow on the day of the funeral. We can increase our vocabulary by sending affectionate messages in the form of beautiful roses to our loved ones. Roses - red, white...these beautiful flowers that can say a lot for us.
8. 8. Conclusion Rose is the collective name for species and varieties of representatives of the Rosehip genus grown by humans. Most varieties of roses were obtained as a result of long-term selection through repeated repeated crossings and selection. Some varieties are forms of wild species.
9. List of sources 1. Rose the prickly queen! // Botanichka.ru – http://goo.gl/mz7EbO 2. Planting and caring for roses. Things to remember // Your fertility – http://goo.gl/bbt6gJ

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What is the purpose of a rose?

Blooming indoor roses are probably the most the best decoration rooms where they are kept from autumn until the onset of warm spring weather.

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Rose care

Miniature copies of their larger garden relatives, house roses, are becoming increasingly popular. How to care for these capricious beauties, what can be done to make them feel good and please the eye for as long as possible?

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Rose

In autumn and winter, the rose is dormant, so reduce watering and spraying to once every 3 days. When replanting the plant, be careful not to destroy the lump or disturb the roots. If you see gray or white granules on the roots, do not be alarmed and do not remove them - this is how it should be.

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At the beginning of Spring...

In early spring, you can propagate roses from stem cuttings. For autumn propagation of roses, you can use branches that you cut for the winter. In this case, the branches are pruned, leaving 3-4 live buds on them. Prepared cuttings should be no longer than 15 cm. In order for roots to appear on the cuttings, they should be placed in water for a couple of weeks. When well-branched roots form on them, they can be planted in the ground.

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Caring for a home rose

• House roses love moist air, so it is recommended to spray the plants if the humidity in your apartment is too low. In this case, it is advisable to spray roses from the bottom of the leaf. You can spray roses up to twice a day.
• For good flowering and growth, an indoor rose will need a large number of sunlight. All roses are light-loving plants, so they need to provide sufficiently long daylight hours. Since the rose begins to actively grow in spring, short daylight hours will not be enough for it, so additional illumination with fluorescent lamps may be necessary.