Locksmith cutting

TO Category:

Metal cutting

Locksmith cutting

Cutting is the process of dividing a workpiece into parts of a given size and shape. Cutting is used to obtain blanks of a given size and shape from bar and sheet products, as well as slots and holes in blanks. Modern cutting methods provide high-performance processing of workpieces of almost any size and from materials with any physical and mechanical properties.

The following technological cutting methods are distinguished.
1. Sawing with hacksaws, band and circular saws. Used for cutting long products.
2. Cutting with scissors. It is used for cutting sheet metal.
3. Cutting on metal-cutting machines (turning, milling, etc.).
4. Anodic-mechanical, electrospark and light-beam (laser) cutting. These methods are used in cases where other methods do not provide sufficient productivity and required quality. For example, they are used to cut high-strength materials along complex and precise contours, etc.
5. Oxy-acetylene cutting. It is used to cut thick carbon steel workpieces. It does not provide high accuracy, leads to a change in the structure and chemical composition of the material at the cutting site. However, it is widely used in make-to-order environments due to its simplicity, high productivity, and versatility.

Rice. 1. Sawing (a) and cutting of workpieces on scissors (b): 1 - workpiece, 2 - knives; y - rake angle, a - clearance angle, P - taper angle, 8 - cutting angle

Cutting can be done either manually or mechanically.

The physical essence of cutting is based on various methods of destruction of the workpiece material at the cut.

When sawing and cutting on metal-cutting machines, the force F applied to the cutting wedge is directed at an acute angle to the work surface. Therefore, the cutting wedge cuts the material and turns it into chips. When cutting with scissors, the force F applied to the cutting wedge is perpendicular to the work surface. Therefore, the tool cuts the material without forming chips.

Electrospark cutting is based on electrical erosion (destruction) of the workpiece material. Capacitor C, included in the charging circuit, is charged through a resistor R from a direct current source with a voltage of 100-200 V. When the voltage on the electrodes (tool) and (workpiece) reaches the breakdown voltage, a spark discharge occurs between their nearest microprotrusions with a duration of 20-200 μs. The discharge temperature reaches 10,000-12,000 ° C. At the point of discharge on the workpiece, an elementary volume of material instantly melts and evaporates, and a hole is formed. The removed material in the form of granules remains in the dielectric medium (oil) in which the processing takes place. Discharges, following continuously one after the other, destroy the entire material of the workpiece located at a distance of 0.01-0.05 mm from the tool. To continue the processing process, the electrodes must be brought closer together, which is done automatically.

Rice. 1.6. Electrospark cutting of workpieces: 1 - tool wire, 2 - workpiece

In oxygen-acetylene cutting, the workpiece metal at the cut site is first heated with an oxygen-acetylene flame to the temperature of its ignition in oxygen (for steel 1000-1200 ° C). Then a stream of oxygen is sent to this place and the metal begins to burn. This produces so much heat that it is sufficient to maintain a continuous cutting process.

Anodic-mechanical cutting is based on the combined destruction of the workpiece material - electrical, chemical and mechanical. Direct current flowing at the cut between the workpiece and the tool causes electrical erosion of the workpiece surface. The resulting molten material particles are removed from the processing zone by a rotating tool - a disc. At the same time, the electrolyte supplied to the treatment zone, under the action of an electric current, forms oxide films on the surface of the workpiece, which are removed by the same rotating tool.

Cutting tools. When sawing, hacksaw blades (for manual and mechanical hacksaws), band and circular saws are used as cutting tools. Hacksaw blades and band saws are a thin strip of high-speed or alloyed (X6VF, B2F) steel with fine teeth in the form of wedges on one or two sides. Band saws are produced by bending a band into a ring and soldering its ends with high-temperature solder. In a circular saw, the teeth are located on the periphery of the blade. The cutting teeth are hardened to a hardness of 61 - 64 HRQ. To prevent the tool from jamming in a narrow cut, its teeth are set apart.

When choosing a sawing tool, first of all, you should take into account the length of the cut and the hardness of the material being processed.

For long cuts, it is necessary to choose blades with a large tooth pitch, and when processing thin-walled workpieces - with a fine one. At least three teeth must be involved in cutting at the same time.

The higher the hardness of the material to be processed, the greater the taper angle should be. The chips formed in this case are in the shape of a comma and fit tightly in a small space. When machining soft materials, tools with a large chip space should be used. A positive rake angle improves productivity because the tooth cuts rather than scrapes the workpiece material.

For processing high-strength materials, hacksaw blades with synthetic diamonds are used on the working surface.

For cutting sheet material, cutting tools are used in the form of knives, which are most often removable. Knives are available with straight, curved and round (roller and disc) cutting edges.

For anodic-mechanical cutting, thin mild steel discs are used as a tool. On an electric spark machine, a continuously moving wire is used as a cutting tool.

Equipment and devices for cutting. In the conditions of the tool shop, small workpieces are cut with a hand hacksaw. The hacksaw blade is mounted in a frame so that the teeth point away from the handle.

Manual lever shears are designed for cutting sheet material. Small portable scissors are used in tool shops. They can cut sheet steel up to 4 mm thick, aluminum and brass up to 6 mm.

Manual scissors are designed for cutting sheet material, making blanks with a curved contour, cutting out holes of a complex contour in blanks. For a straight cut, scissors with straight wide knives are used. If the upper cutting edge is located to the right relative to the lower, then the scissors are called right, and if left - left. To obtain external curved cuts, hand scissors with curved wide knives are used. Cutting of internal curved contours is performed with scissors with narrow curved knives.

Mechanical cutting of sheet material is performed with manual electric shears, vibrating shears, as well as with roller, multi-disc and sheet shears.

The sequence and methods of work when cutting. Cutting is preceded by marking. Then the cutting method, equipment and tool are selected.

Correct execution of cutting techniques is of great importance for quality processing. The location of the workpiece and the tool during manual cutting should be such that the marking of the risk is always available for observation. With a large length of cut, the pressure on the hacksaw is increased, with a small length, it is reduced. Since the teeth of the hacksaw are especially easy to break at the beginning and at the end of the cut, at these moments the pressure on it should be minimal.

When cutting, hand shears should be opened 2/3 of the length of the cutting edges. In this case, they easily grip the workpiece and cut well. The cutting plane must always be perpendicular to the workpiece surface to be cut. Misalignment leads to galling, creasing of edges and burrs.

Correct tool adjustment is essential. So, with a weak tension of the hacksaw blade in a hand hacksaw, the cut is oblique. A large gap between the knives leads to burr formation. Burrs appear when the blades are correctly adjusted is a signal that they are dull.

When cutting with a hand hacksaw, you should stand free and straight, half-turned to the vice.

When working with wood or metal, as a rule, there are no questions about accurate and high-quality cutting. Polymeric materials are quite another matter. Acrylic or polycarbonate, due to their physical properties, require a special approach to processing. These modern materials can melt at the point of contact with the cutting tool, scratch and crack. In this regard, there are cases when even the simplest cut looks sloppy or leads to irreparable damage to the part. We have prepared a description of the three most effective ways to cut plastic, which are suitable for materials of different types, qualities and thicknesses.

If it becomes necessary to cut a sheet of polycarbonate or acrylic plastic, the thickness of which is 2-3 mm, then the best tool for this work would be a regular assembly knife with replaceable blades used for cutting drywall. It is better to perform the work on a hard, flat surface, securing the sheet on it with clamps. Accurate markings play an important role when cutting plastic. Do not forget that in case of a mistake, it will be impossible to correct the marriage and the sheet of material will be damaged. A metal ruler or profile is placed along the line along which it is planned to divide the sheet, along which several passes are made with a mounting knife. You need to cut the plastic slowly but surely, making sure that the blade does not go to the side and is immersed in the polymer to the same depth throughout the cut.

Once a deep enough groove is obtained, it is tempting to break the leaf along this line, as is done with glass. Such a decision often leads to undesirable consequences, for example, the appearance of chips or cracks. To complete the cutting process, turn the plastic over, reattach it to the table and, holding a ruler to a clearly visible line, repeat the manipulation of the knife from the back side. After that, you can remove the clamp, move the sheet to the edge of the table and gently break off the cut part with your hands.

How to cut thick plastic sheets

Cutting polycarbonate and acrylic sheets that are more than 20 mm thick is done using power tools. Circular saws are best suited for these purposes. To do this work, you will have to go to the store and purchase a special saw blade designed to work with plastic. It differs from discs for wood and stone in its small thickness and smaller teeth of a special shape. In no case should you use discs intended for other materials in your work, since damage to the material in this case will be inevitable. Wood saws have too coarse teeth that are too far apart. Sawing acrylic or polycarbonate with such a blade will result in ragged cut edges and even melt the polymer.

As with manual cutting, before sawing the sheet with a circular saw, it must be precisely marked. It is best to draw a line with a permanent marker, the line of which is clearly visible and has sufficient resistance to abrasion. Before starting work, the plastic must also be well fixed. Polymer sheets are cut in the same way as plywood, with the difference that when cutting a considerable length, it is better to pause so that the disc cools down and does not melt the edges of the cut.

Complex cuts

When working with plastic, it is often necessary to perform curvilinear cuts. With thin sheets, an assembly knife can be used, but if the polymer is more than 10 mm thick, an electric jigsaw is better. Manufacturers produce saw blades designed specifically for working with acrylic or polycarbonate, with a special tooth shape and non-standard slope. When working with plastic with a thickness of more than 20 mm, the use of saw blades for wood with the finest teeth is allowed. In this case, you need to set the minimum number of engine revolutions, otherwise the material will start to melt during cutting.

No matter how hard you try, getting a perfect edge at the cut will most likely not work. Therefore, after completing the work, it is necessary to process the ends with sandpaper or a sanding bar. Experts recommend using large abrasives at the beginning of grinding, gradually moving to thinner ones. If you show the utmost care and patience, the edge at the cut will be perfectly flat and will not be a hassle even if the elements are precisely joined.

Separately, it is necessary to mention safety precautions when performing such work. Cutting plastic should be done on a stable workbench or table with a working tool. It is also necessary to take care of eye protection with goggles, as some types of polymers can form fragments when cutting, flying over a considerable distance.

Useful Tips

An angle grinder is considered extremely traumatic equipment, so it is important to know in advance how to properly cut metal with a grinder in order to avoid injury and do a good job with the task at hand. It is necessary to monitor compliance with safety measures during work and use personal protective equipment: use a respirator, wear protective gloves or mittens, goggles, etc.

The cutting equipment must be used strictly for its intended purpose, all work is carried out using special wheels for metal. It is strongly not recommended to remove the protective cover. How to work correctly with a grinder, see the video:

How to properly cut a metal corner with a grinder

You cannot start cutting metal with a grinder without obtaining the appropriate knowledge and some skills. The most important danger is the possibility of the cutting wheel jamming in the cutting zone and its subsequent destruction. When carrying out work, the grinder must be firmly held with both hands. You need to lead the cut strictly from yourself. The depth of the cut is determined by the diameter of the disc.

Cutting the metal corner has some nuances:

1. A large corner (more than 60 mm) is more convenient to cut together with a partner. In a workshop, the workpiece is clamped in a locksmith's vice or fixed with clamps on a fixed base. The corner is laid on the surface of the support structure (table, box, etc.) so that the cut edge hangs down, and its other part lies completely on the support surface. At the same time, the assistant should press the workpiece and slightly pull it away from himself to prevent biting the disc. Cutting begins from the edge, moving towards the edge.
2. Cutting a corner with smaller dimensions (up to 60 mm) is allowed to be carried out without the help of strangers. The material to be cut is laid out with support on both shelves (edge ​​up). The part to be separated must be suspended and not touching the ground or floor. The remaining part is pressed down with the left leg (if there is no possibility of rigid fixation), in order to hold the grinder with both hands. Cutting should be started from the edge, gradually going down and deeper into the corner platforms.

If the correct technology for cutting metal is observed, the fragment to be separated will fall down under its own weight, thereby increasing the width of the cut zone. The likelihood of disc wedging is minimized.

How to cut a pipe with a grinder

The technology of the work is as follows:

1. The pipe is fixed in a vice or fixed in another way. In this case, the part to be cut must hang. It is not allowed to place the workpiece between two supports and cut in the middle, since the cutting blade will jam (due to sagging of the pipe).
2. Using a strip of paper and masking tape, markings are applied. The ends of the tape should converge as accurately as possible. Home craftsmen recommend lowering the pipe into the liquid at the required angle, and then marking the cutting line along the border between dry and wet.
3. The cut should be made from the top of the pipe, gradually lowering the grinder below. The cutting disc should run along the very edge of the glued strip.

A large diameter pipe is cut a little differently, since the working part of the circle does not allow it to be done in one go. The wall is cut sector by sector, and the pipe is turned in the desired direction.

How to cut aluminum with a grinder

To cut aluminum with a grinder, a different type of disc is used, since it is a soft metal and the cutting tool gets stuck in it. There are special cutting discs for aluminum and copper.

You should not try to make a cut in one pass, because work hardens form on the teeth of the cutting tool and it is clamped in the material. The cut is performed carefully, without cutting through the metal to the end. It is necessary to pass several times in one place and avoid distortions. The process is quite slow, and the quality of the cut will be low. When cutting thick blanks, experts recommend dropping kerosene into the cutting zone. It is better to work with aluminum with a hand router, which allows you to perform true shape cutting and making holes. Or you can do this:

Methods for cutting stainless steel

Stainless steel refers to alloyed steels that are difficult to process. This metal can be cut by 2 methods:

• thermal (metal melts under the influence of high temperatures);
• mechanical (cutting is carried out using a cutting tool by removing a layer of metal).

Thermal methods include:

1. Oxygen cutting (gas-arc cutting). The metal melts under the influence of an electric arc. The oxygen supplied to the cutting zone contributes to the combustion of the metal and the removal of slags from the working zone.
2. EDM cutting. The cutting process consists in the destruction of the surface of the workpiece under the influence of an electric discharge.
3. Waterjet cutting. The metal is separated by a fine jet of abrasive mixture supplied under ultra-high pressure.
4. Laser cutting. Processing is carried out with a thin laser beam.
5. Plasma cutting. A plasma jet acts as a cutting tool.

Mechanical machining of stainless steel is carried out using the following tools:

1. Scissors for metal. They cope with sheets with a thickness of no more than 0.5-1 mm.
2. A circular saw. Cutting is carried out using an edged abrasive wheel. This method can be used to cut thick parts.
3. Angle grinder. When cutting metal with a grinder, special thin stainless steel discs with a diameter of 125 mm are used. Non-specialized tooling can subsequently cause corrosive phenomena in the metal.

According to the rules for cutting, the part must be securely fixed or rest against something, otherwise the workpiece may be pulled to the side and the cut will be broken. It will be necessary to additionally process the trimmed edge if you cut it without observing the technology.

Cast iron cutting with a grinder

Cast iron is a fairly fragile metal, but very strong, therefore, it is recommended to use diamond-coated discs for cutting it. You can cut cast iron and simple metal discs, but they are much less durable. You can cut this material with a grinder only in a straight line. Any attempt to make a curved cut can lead to jamming of the cutting wheel. As a result, under heavy loads, the abrasive element collapses and its parts flying out at high speed can severely injure people nearby. But it is better to cut the cast iron with a saw, as in the video:

It is possible to use a grinder for cutting cast iron only when using a respirator (a lot of dust is generated), protective plastic glasses and gloves. For this work, cutting equipment on a bakelite bunch is more suitable. Ceramic-bonded discs have a much lower margin of safety.

A grinder for working with metal is the best solution. This versatile tool allows you to use it not only for cutting, but also for polishing, cleaning, grinding metal and many other operations.

Sheet metal is a common building material used to make fences, drains and canopies. You can often find ready-made galvanized steel products on sale, such as ridge skates or pipes for draining rainwater from the roof. But what if the product is of a non-standard size and you need to cut sheet metal with your own hands?

Sheet metal cutting tools

Initially, when choosing tools, you need to decide on the tasks. It is not only the amount of work that matters, but also the time frame, the accuracy of the cut and the possibility of damage to the protective coating. At a construction site, electric shears are often used. However, you should not expect a very flat edge. The advantage of such a device is the speed of work.

How to cut a sheet of metal straight? At home, the problem is solved quite simply - using scissors for metal. But this method requires a lot of time and physical effort. Scissors will not work if you need to cut long strips. The smoothest cut can be obtained using slotted scissors. Such a tool is quite expensive and is usually used by professionals.

Equipment for cutting profiled and galvanized sheet:

• Bulgarian;
• slow-speed saw;
• electric shears;
• hacksaw;
• jigsaw for metal.

How to cut a sheet of metal with a grinder

One of the fastest ways to cut a galvanized sheet is considered to be cutting with a grinder. Among the disadvantages of such processing are torn edges, which will have to be additionally cleaned and leveled. The grinder is not suitable for cutting corrugated board, as sparks during cutting can damage the polymer coating. But for simple works that do not require high precision and accuracy, the grinder is quite suitable.

Please note that when using such a power tool, purchase a special disc that will not damage the protective coating on the galvanized sheet. After cutting the corrugated board, the edges must be cleaned and covered with a special paint. Such equipment can be used if you are building a shed from a profiled sheet or making a visor. In this case, you do not have to purchase a special and expensive tool.

Rules when working with a grinder:

• choose discs with carbide teeth;
• work at low speeds;
• treat the cut points with a special anti-corrosion coating.

Hacksaw for metal

Many craftsmen have a hacksaw for metal. This is the most versatile and cheapest tool. It should not be used if necessary to cut curly edges, but for making even plates, a hacksaw will do. The biggest drawback of such a tool is the time to complete the work. You need a lot of it.

Jigsaw

If you need to cut a circle in a sheet of metal, you should use a jigsaw. It works pretty fast, so you can get a neat hole in minutes. Among the disadvantages of the equipment are noise and the possibility of a burnt edge when processing profiled sheets.

The subtleties of working with a jigsaw:

• it is necessary to use saws with fine teeth;
• you need to choose a reciprocating mode;
• it is necessary to control the inclination of the cutting part;
• quick failure of consumables.

A circular saw

Sometimes a circular saw is used to cut metal. If you work with corrugated board, then the equipment must be turned on at low speeds. Otherwise, the polymer coating may be damaged. To work, you will need a partner who will hold the sheet. Among the advantages of this tool, one can single out the fact that the work is performed without heating, respectively, you will not damage the protective coating on the profiled sheet. It is best to use a circle over aluminum.

To get your circular saw to work quickly, you need to prepare a plywood piece. In this sheet, the groove is not cut out completely. This will be a kind of blank that allows you to keep the galvanized or polymer coating on the sheet. An excellent tool for cutting metal is a two-blade saw. She, unlike the grinder, does not leave a ragged edge and is much quieter. Unfortunately, not every master has such a tool.

How and how to make a hole in a sheet of metal?

It all depends on the size of the hole. If the diameter is small, a drill will work. If large holes are required, special drill bits are used. Pay attention to the material from which the horse tram is made. For the processing of the profiled sheet, it is worth using tips with a carbide coating. Processing should be carried out without increasing the temperature.

A jigsaw is used to make a large diameter hole. With this tool, it will not be difficult to cut a circle of large diameter. Use a fine-toothed saw when working.

Cutting off(cutting) - the process of completely separating one part of the material from the whole (bar, bar, angle, etc.) using a cutting tool on metal-cutting machines.

Cutting(cutting) - the process of completely dividing the whole (bar, bar, angle, etc.) into equal or unequal parts using a cutting tool on metal-cutting machines.

Cutting(slotting) - the process of forming one or more dimensional narrow grooves (slots, slots) in the workpiece using a cutting tool on metal-cutting machines.

Cut-off and slotted cutters (slotted)... Cutting of workpieces on milling machines is done with cut-off cutters, slotting of grooves and splines - with slotted (slotted) cutters. Parting and slotting cutters have cutting edges located on the periphery and do not have cutting edges on the ends. According to GOST 2679-61, slot and cut-off cutters are made of three types: type I - with a small tooth, type II - with an average (normal) tooth, type III - with a large tooth. Slotting cutters types I and II with diameters from 32 to 80 mm are mainly used for cutting grooves and splines and are manufactured in two accuracy classes: AA and A (precision design). Cutting cutters of all types and diameters with a width of 1 mm and more are manufactured according to accuracy class B (standard design). Parting cutters are intended for cutting a whole into parts (for example, cutting a workpiece into several equal or unequal parts) and cutting off from a whole part, for example, cutting off one workpiece from a bar. Cut-off cutters with fine and medium teeth are intended for processing steel and cast iron, cutters with large teeth - for processing aluminum, magnesium and other light alloys.

Cut-off cutters with a fine tooth are produced with a diameter of D = 32-250 mm, a width of B = 0.2-5 mm, with a number of teeth z = 56-140; cutters with a middle tooth have, respectively, D = 50-250 mm, B = 0.5-5 mm, z = 32-80; cutters with a large tooth - D = 50-250 mm, B = 1-5 mm and z = 14-40. Large-sized workpieces are cut with saws with insertable segments. These saws have a diameter D = 275-2000 mm, a width B = 5-14.5 mm, a bore diameter d = 32-240 mm and a number of segments 14-44. The segments are made of high-speed steel and are fastened to a disc made of 50G or 65G steel with three or four rivets.

Slotting cutters with small and medium teeth are intended for cutting shallow splines in the heads of screws or castellated nuts, cutting shallow grooves. Coarse tooth slotting cutters - for cutting deep splines and grooves.

To reduce friction during machining, cutting and slotting cutters have an undercut angle φ 1 (the width of the cutter decreases from the periphery to the center). For slot cutters φ 1 = 5-30 ", and for cut-off φ 1 = 15" -1 °. In order to improve the working conditions of the cutters and increase their durability, transitional cutting edges are made on the teeth.

There are three types of transitional cutting edges. For milling cutters produced in a centralized order, the transitional cutting edges are made in shape 1 and serve to divide the chips along the width.

Cutting and slotting cutters D = 32-250 mm are mounted on mandrels with a diameter of d = 8, 10, 13, 16, 22, 27 and 32 mm. The optimum diameter of the cut-off milling cutters is selected based on the same conditions as for circular milling cutters.

Solid Carbide Slitting Cutters are intended for cutting grooves in workpieces made of stainless, chromium, acid-resistant, heat-resistant and other difficult-to-work materials. They are manufactured according to industry standards with a diameter of 7 to 60 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 3.5 mm from various grades of hard alloys. The use of high-speed steel carbide cutters can significantly increase labor productivity by increasing the cutting speed and increasing the tool life by 10-20 times. The quality of the finished surface is increased by two roughness classes.

Cutting workpieces into pieces... It is required to cut a steel corner 315 mm long into five equal parts 60 ± 10 mm in size.

Choosing the type and size of the cutter... The diameter of the cut-off cutter should be chosen as small as possible, since the smaller the cutter diameter, the higher its rigidity and vibration resistance. Therefore, when parting off with small-diameter cutters, you can give high feeds per tooth and get a better quality of the machined surface than when working with large-diameter cut-off cutters. The tool life of large diameter cutters will be less, and their cost will be higher. The optimal cutter diameter, as well as for disk cutters, can be determined by the formula D = 2r + d1 + (12 ÷ 16). In our case, t = 50 mm with d = 32 mm, d1 = 48 mm. Therefore, D = 2 50 + 48 + 12 = 160 mm. Take a cut-off cutter made of high-speed steel 6PM5 D = 160 mm, B = 3 mm, d = 32 mm, z = 56 (type II - medium tooth).

When fixing the workpiece, special attention should be paid to the rigidity of the workpiece and the cutter. The workpiece is installed and fixed in a machine vise, as shown in Fig. 92, with an emphasis on the shelf for greater rigidity. The table with the fixed workpiece must be brought as close to the bed as possible. The parting cutter must not interfere with the vice. The cutter is mounted on a mandrel as close as possible to the spindle of the machine, and the shackle is closer to the cutter to provide greater rigidity. To prevent the cutter from pulling the workpiece out of the vise, but pressing it against the vise, use passing milling (by feed). However, with this method, there should be no backlash in the screw-nut connection for the table's longitudinal feed.

Rice. 92. Securing the workpiece in a vice

Setting to milling mode... The feed per tooth of cutting and slotting cutters made of high-speed steel R6M5 when processing steel is selected in the range of 0.01-0.03 mm / tooth. Cutting speed in the range of 30-60 m / min. Parting and cutting - with coolant cooling.

It is preferable to cut off thin sheet material and cut it into strips during passing milling, since the cutting force in this case will press the workpiece against the table. However, as mentioned earlier, feed milling can be performed only in the absence of a longitudinal table feed mechanism. If the workpiece is mounted directly on the machine table, without shims, then the cutter on the mandrel should be positioned against the T-slot in the machine table.

Milling of slots in the heads of screws or castellated nuts is usually done in a fixture. In fig. 93 shows a diagram of a device for continuous milling of slots in the heads of screws installed in two rows. Here, the auxiliary time for loading the workpieces and unloading the machined parts overlaps with the time for direct milling of the spline. The workpieces are installed manually on a continuously rotating disc.

Rice. 93. Diagram of a device for continuous milling of slots in screw heads

Clamping of workpieces in the fixture can be carried out automatically in the clamping prisms before approaching the slotting cutter. After milling the splines, the prisms are unclenched, the machined parts fall out and fall into the box along the chute. If you carry out automatic loading of workpieces through the hopper device, then the processing cycle will be fully automated.

The process of milling splines in a device with circular feed is fundamentally no different from the case of conventional milling with longitudinal feed when placing workpieces on the machine table.