Presentation to the summary of OD on cognitive development "How Plants Prepare for Winter" in the preparatory group.
Purpose: 1. Expand and clarify the ideas of children about the preparation of trees, herbaceous plants for winter. 2. To give knowledge that leaf fall is the adaptation of plants to the harsh conditions of winter.
Introductory remarks of the educator The end of early autumn has come, and the golden autumn has come into its own. This is the time for the brightest coloring of the leaves. Sunny days alternate with cold and rainy days. These sunny days are becoming less and less, and the air temperature is dropping every day. For almost all plants, autumn is a period of calm or some plants, for example, the end of their life cycle. dill, finish their growth and dry out. Others are trees shedding their foliage to prepare for the harsh conditions of winter. I think you have already guessed that today we are going to talk about how plants prepare for winter.
Educator's story “Falling leaves is preparing plants for harsh conditions. In autumn, there is little sunlight and heat for plants, and the green color of the leaves is replaced by yellow, orange, blue-violet. Of the trees, only mountain ash, aspen and maple have red autumn leaves. winters »Rowan leaves Aspen leaves Maple leaves
winters ”Alder and willow stand green until the leaves fall. Willow Olkh a “Falling leaves is a preparation of plants for harsh conditions A teacher’s story The leaves of all other trees turn yellow, but in different ways: a bright yellow leaf in a birch, a darker yellow in an elm, yellow-brown in an oak, golden-yellow in linden. Oak Elm Birch a Linden
The Winter Breeder's Tale "Falling Leaves Is Preparing Plants for Harsh Conditions Most trees shed their colorful foliage. Why would trees shed such a beautiful outfit? The tree prudently removes all unnecessary substances for itself into the foliage. Then, like a cork, the leaf petiole is plugged with dead cells. And with the first gust of wind, the leaves break off and fall. Leaf fall begins. It is an integral and significant part of plant life. The cover formed by fallen leaves protects trees from winter frost and nourishes the roots with useful substances. Trees prepare for winter by producing protective substances on their branches - leathery scales, hairy cover and resinous, waxy substances.
“Falling leaves is a preparation of plants for harsh conditions. A teacher's story. Before all trees begin to prepare for winter, linden, birch and elm - they lose their leaves before anyone else. Their leaf fall begins at the end of early autumn. Winter birch trees »Linden In some trees, for example, the linden, the leaves of the large lower branches fall first, so the middle is gradually exposed and the top of the tree flies around the last. But in an elm tree, leaf fall begins from the upper branches. The foliage falls off and the dark trunk of the tree opens up. LindenBirch
"Falling leaves is the preparation of plants for harsh conditions. The story of a winter educator" Aspen and maple are the penultimate ones in nature to finish preparing for winter. For them, leaf fall begins only with the first frost. Aspen Maple Willows growing along river banks stand green until the first snow. Its leaves fall to the ground frozen, blackened and crunchy. Willow
“Falling leaves is a preparation of plants for harsh conditions A winter teacher's story” Spruce Pine Not all trees shed their foliage, for example, pine and spruce are evergreen species. Their leaves - needles - are not afraid of frost. Each needle, just like a fur coat, was covered with a wax coating.
Remember, did the leaves begin to fall off the oak and birch at the same time? - Do you remember on which tree the first yellow leaves and when? Conversation "How Trees Prepare for Winter" No, birch is the first of the trees to start falling leaves, and oak - later. On linden and birch in early autumn. Yellow, red, orange, blue-violet. Pine, spruce. In autumn, there is little sunlight and heat. There is, for example, a birch leaf is always only yellow, in rowan - red. - Is there a difference in the color of the leaves? appeared - Tell us what are the autumn leaves? - What trees do you know that do not shed their foliage in autumn? - Why does the color of leaves on trees change in autumn? - Why leaf fall - preparing trees for winter? It is easier for a tree to hibernate without leaves. First, tree branches can break off in winter under the weight of snow adhering to the leaves. Secondly, the tree brought all unnecessary substances into the foliage.
The teacher's story “Grasses are also waiting for winter and preparing for it” You know that all summer the grass is green. It acquires this color even in the spring, when the winter frosts gradually recede, and the spring begins to decorate everything around us in bright colors. And such greenery continues even in autumn, but, unfortunately, only early. By October, as we all know, the grass begins to turn yellow. Why it happens? You know perfectly well that plants need water and warmth. In the fall, the weather begins to change, and although rains can rule out the issue of lack of water for plant nutrition, the cold makes itself felt. As a result, the grass first turns yellow, and then completely acquires a dull gray, blackish tint.
The teacher's story “Grasses are also waiting for winter and preparing for it” During our walks, we already paid attention to herbaceous plants, and noticed that their appearance has changed in comparison with the summer. For herbaceous plants, autumn is also a period of calm or the end of their life cycle. Due to the fact that sunny days become less and less, and the air temperature gradually decreases, annual plants such as peas, dill and others finish their growth and dry out. Dill Peas The same thing happens with annual flowers - calendula, marigolds, asters and others. Calendula and Marigolds Aster Peas Dill Calendula Marigold Aster
The species associated with wild nightshades in our climate will survive the winter without our help, but in the gardens, more and more ornamental plants are not fully resistant to low temperatures.The most tenacious plants
In order to enjoy their beauty in subsequent seasons, changes in plant life in winter, we must provide them with adequate protection from cold temperatures, and also - especially in the case of evergreens - from winter winds. Some species (eg chestnuts, magnolias), those covering the winter will only be necessary in the first few years after planting, like adults, to obtain full frost resistance. However, other species, such as rhododendrons, hydrangeas, garden, BUDGET David, common in our gardens, require safety for the winter every year, regardless of age.
Changes in plant life in winter.
Let's remember that our plants are only good if it provides them with the right path - at the right time and using the right materials, otherwise we can harm them.the life of plants and animals in winter, how to protect
When is the time to cover the plants in winter?
We must not rush to fix the plants for the winter. Plants too early will mean that the plants do not have time to enter a dormant state before the coming winter frosts. Do not be afraid of night frosts - as long as the temperature during the day is not positive, at night the temperature drops only the plants, without damaging them. Covering only assume the life of plants and animals in winter, when the first light frosts come (about -5 s C) - when the topsoil freezes. Basically, this is a necessity in early December, but sometimes, when winter frosts come only after the new year, so we just have to keep an eye on the weather forecast. Vigilance should also keep warming plants - if extremely severe frosts are declared, their time should cover the plants, especially those more sensitive, an additional layer of insulation.
what changes have occurred in the life of plants in winter
How to pack your plants for the winter?
The materials provided to the plant for the winter should be primarily airy, breathable to cover the plants not to rot. They shouldn't absorb a lot of water, and they shouldn't be too heavy. Most often, to protect the roots of plants used: bark, greenery (or branches of conifers - preferably douglas or fir, because their needles persist for a long time), what changes have occurred in plant life in winter, tree leaves (try to avoid using leaves of infected diseases, and also leaves with a high tannin content - such as walnut or oak), sawdust, as well as ordinary garden soil and peat. If you are using lightweight material such as bark, peat or leaves, it should also cover the branches of conifers so that the snowless winters are not scattered by the wind. To cover the aerial parts of the plant, straw mats, jute, white Agrowłóknina or corrugated paper are usually used. In order to shield the bushes, we could also use ordinary cardboard paper - we put it in the plant and fill the space around the insulating material, even the leaves. The isolation of plants in winter should be monitored by the film, since it does not allow air to pass through, and heats up in the sun - for such a screening of the substance, it will fill.plant life in winter presentation
How to protect plants in winter?
It is how a cover crop for the winter depends on several factors - first of all, on its genre, such as the degree of frost resistance, plant life in winter presentation, and also whether it is a type of evergreen for winter leaves. Otherwise, we provided frost to perennial plants and shrubs of various columnar habits. It is also clear that species more sensitive to frost will require a more thorough cover.plant life in winter in the country
The most widely used method of protecting plants from frost is a heap, involving usypaniu around the base of the plant, about a 30-40 inch mound of insulating material. Such a layer will protect the roots from frost - even if some aboveground freezing occurs, the plant will affect the roots or buds rooted low to the ground. This is sufficient protection for species of shrubs, where aboveground and so severely limited in early spring, plant care in winter, for example. Roses and big discounts, Buddleya David, plant life in winter in the country, tree hydrangea or bouquets. In the same way, we can protect most vineyards and more sensitive trees and perennials. In the case of discount perennials, simply put on their surface a few centimeters of a thick layer of insulating material, for example.caring for plants in winter,
Winter protection of evergreens not only to protect them from low temperatures, but also from the dehumidifier by the action of the sun and wind (under their influence, the leaves lose water, plants in winter under snow, but the plant cannot be obtained from frozen soil to replenish stocks). For evergreen species, the abolition of frost protection will be a screen, protection of plants from wind and sun. - We can do this, for example, with mats, plants in winter under the snow, or use a special fabric shader (available on the market in white and green). The more sensitive species (rhododendrons, holly, laurel cherry) should cover the aerial part. This cover cannot be too tight, as insufficient ventilation of the plants under cover often leads to the development of gray mold on the needles or leaves. The insulating material should not touch the plants, so it is better to unfasten it on supports (usually stakes, as plants winter in winter, driven into the ground around the plants), creating a kind of tent around the plant. Such a shield stands a crush on the ground, for example. Stones at the bottom there is no wind inside the tent. For evergreens, a sufficient supply of water has been accumulated in the tissues, it is important to water abundantly, as plants overwinter in winter, before they cover them for the winter, remember also to water them during the winter thaw.
how plants winter in winter
Many varieties of columnar habits require protection from similar deformations due to the deposition of snow, or the action of strong winter winds. To do this, simply tie a rope to the plant along its entire length. The tying is not too strong so that the ropes will not damage or deform the branches, but strong enough to withstand the pressure of wind and snow. For this purpose, we can also use the shade chain-link or white a.
covering material for plants for the winter.
Before the onset of cold weather should be protected as ornamental grasses sensitive to frost, for example. Pampas grass, some types of sedge. Leaves of grass just tie a knot, a covering material for plants for the winter, and the ground around the vegetation cover with a layer of bark or twigs of coniferous trees - to protect both inner plants from frost, and like moisture, an excess of many types of grasses cannot be tolerated. In the case of species that are more sensitive to frost, further around the plant we stick out pegs on which cardigans are insulating material, for example, a covering material for plants for the winter.... Not a dead man and not alive ... Bewitched by a sorceress winter, the forest stands - And under the snowy fringe; Motionless, dumb. He shines with a wonderful life. And he stands bewitched, - Not a dead man and not alive, - He is enchanted by a magic dream. The whole is shrouded, the whole is bound by a Light chain of downy ... F.I.TYUTCHEV
Deciduous Plants Many plants have a resting period, mostly in winter. Deciduous trees such as birch, maple, aspen, etc., shed their foliage in the fall, because at this time there is not enough sunlight for the formation of nutrients in the leaves.
Winter flowers Thus, it remains to be concluded that our spring plants have a remarkable ability to thrive under the snow in winter. Leaving in the fall under the snow with resting underground organs - rhizomes and tubers, they come out of it with already developed stems, leaves and often even with colored buds. In the forest during a snow-rise, young parts of spring plants make their way through the snow.
Winter harvesting of medicinal plants Some plants are gaining maximum healing power in winter. Here we will talk about them. Namely, we will focus on pine and birch buds and alder cones. about pine and birch buds and alder cones.
Slide 2
In order to find out how the plants on our experimental site look like in winter, what features of their structure help to survive frosts and snowfalls, we decided to tell you a little about the climate in our city, as it greatly affects the vegetation cover.
Slide 3
Features of the climate in Kamchatka
The climate in Kamchatka is maritime monsoon. It has some peculiarities. The first feature is that we have a lot of precipitation.
Slide 4
The second feature is strong winds, often changing their direction, hurricanes and even storms.
Slide 5
The third feature is the frequent variability of the weather in all seasons of the year, especially in winter.
Slide 6
The fourth feature is long snowy winters and short cloudy summers. In this regard, the vegetation in Kamchatka is unusual and peculiar.
Slide 7
On December 1, we with the guys from our class went to the experimental site "Lesok". Each was tasked with observing and reflecting on how the plants adapted to winter.
Slide 8
Our Observations Winter is not only a cold but also a dry season. In winter, plants are faced with dry air and soil. Therefore, plants have different adaptations to reduce winter evaporation. One of these devices is leaf fall, due to which the evaporating surface of the plant is reduced many times. Leaves have long since fallen from all the trees and shrubs growing on our experimental site.
Slide 9
Some plants in our flora overwinter with green leaves. Among the trees and shrubs, we know spruce, pine, fir, dwarf cedar - evergreens. The leaves of these plants are acicular, hard, leathery, have a small surface and evaporate water weakly. Thanks to this, they successfully survive the winter drought.
Slide 10
(veronica, cuff) form creeping shoots with buds located at the very surface of the earth. These shoots and buds are well protected by a large snow cover from severe frosts. On our site, we found plants that go under the snow with green leaves and keep them until spring. Such plants are called winter green. Some winter green plants
Slide 11
Plants with buds high above the ground have additional adaptations. Already in the middle of summer, wintering buds are laid on the tops of the shoots and in the axils of the leaves, protected by dense leathery scales. We cut several branches with such buds, brought them to school and put them in the water for further observation.
Slide 12
We have noticed the browning of the originally green branches of some of the plants growing on our site. This indicates that there is a layer of cork under the skin, which additionally protects the plants in winter.
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Slide captions:
WORLD SURROUNDING EMC "HARMONY", CLASS 3 MARCHENKO E.V. MBOU SOSH №3 G. Krasny Sulin, Rostov region. PLANTS IN WINTER. HOW DO TREES GROW?
THE WIZARD'S WINTER IS ENCHANTED, THE FOREST STANDS UNDER THE SNOW TROUBLE, IMMOVABLE, Mute, WONDERFUL LIFE IT SHINES. F. Tyutchev
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF SNOW COVER TO PLANTS? SNOW COVER HELPS PLANTS OVER WINTER.
ROWAN BERRIES WILL BE SWEETER FROM FROST.
HOW DO TREES WINTER? BIRCH FIR
THE TRUNK OF ANY TREE IS COVERED WITH BARK. THESE ARE DEAD PLANT CELLS, NO WATER AND NUTRITIONAL SUBSTANCES ALREADY COME IN THROUGH IT. THE BARK PROTECTS THE BARREL FROM DAMAGE, HEAT AND FROST. BARK THICKNESS CAN BE UP TO 30 CM.
HOW TO HELP TREES IN WINTER?
HOW DO TREES GROW? A PINE STAR GROWS IN ONE DAY 2-3 CM. MOST OF ALL THE TREE GROWS IN THE MORNING AND IN THE EVENING. AT NIGHT THE TREE RELAXES AND ALMOST DOESN'T GROW. TREES GROW FROM MAY TO JULY. FASTEST IN JUNE. WINTER IN THE LIFE OF TREES IS CALLED THE STATE OF REST. THEY DO NOT GROW UP TO SPRING.
HOW TO KNOW HOW OLD A TREE IS? THE BARREL GROWS IN THICKNESS THAN IN HEIGHT. THE BARREL IS APPROXIMATELY 2-3 CM THICK IN A YEAR. YEAR'S RINGS CAN BE CONSIDERED ON THE SPILL OF A WOOD OR ON A STUMP. BY THE NUMBER OF RINGS YOU CAN DETERMINE HOW MUCH YEARS A TREE.
OAK CAN LIVE UP TO 2000 YEARS. MAPLE CAN LIVE UP TO 5OO YEARS.
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