Hydroponics school program. A project to design extracurricular activities for biological students. What is hydroponics

"Hydroponic growing of vegetables

at the polar boarding school"

exploring opportunities and organizing

greenhouse farming

in the conditions of a polar boarding school

The project has been prepared:

students of the 9th grade Tusida Vitalina Sergeevna, Vanuito Tatyana Eduardovna, geography teacher Marina Valterovna Pasynkova, head project work

Name of educational institution/place of work - Municipal budget educational institution "Seyakhinskaya boarding school"

Name of municipality- Yamal region

Name settlement – Seyakha village

2015

Content

1 . Introduction……………………………………………………………………….3

2. Main part

2.1. Justification of the relevance of the project…………………………………….4

2.2.Goals and objectives of the project…………………….……………………………...…..4

2.3. Project implementation timeline………………………………..……………...…..4

2.4. Contents of the project……………………………………………………….5-8

project implementation plan
project management scheme within the territory

2.5.Used and necessary resources……………………………..…....9

2.6.Evaluation methods (criteria for assessing project effectiveness)……….… …9

2.7.Results, prospects for project development, long-term effect.... 10

3. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………20

Introduction

AND
The history of the Seyakha boarding school begins in the 30s of the 20th century. The school of that time does not resemble the current one in any way: a narrow dark corridor, on the left are classrooms, on the right is the dining room and rooms where the teachers live; temporary stoves; in the classrooms there are homemade lamps with glass from cans. The first students under the dim light of a kerosene lamp and the crackling homemade stove with unskilled hands they wrote the first handwritten words in their lives on the priceless paper of their school notebooks.

At that time, there were traveling teachers who, together with the “Red Plague,” traveled across the tundra and taught tundra dwellers, adults and children to read and write. The “Red Plague” existed for ten years, from 1943 to 1953. In 1956, a new school building was built. All this time the school remained primary. The transition to an eight-year school began in 1967, and the first graduation took place in 1972. There were only five graduates. In 1977, it was decided to make the Seyakha boarding school a secondary school.

WITH

Today MBOU "Seyakhinskaya SHI" is a modern educational institution, in which, taking into account the priority directions of development of the education system of the country and the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, a holistic strategic development line has been built. The staff of the boarding school is implementing the model of a social park as a mechanism for increasing the socio-cultural effectiveness of the general education of a boarding school in the Far North. The social and pedagogical mission of the boarding school is creation of sufficient and necessary educational conditions for the social success of boarding school students and graduates . As part of the development program, the idea of “technology parks” was transferred to social sphere to test, implement and use social technologies in the educational process that help expand the social-role repertoire of students, ensure the successful socialization of boarding school graduates, and also use the capabilities of the educational institution to solve socially significant problems of society.

Thus, the MBOU “Seyakhinskaya SHI” is a well-thought-out, modern and future-oriented social park. All conditions have been created here to improve education, develop curiosity, research skills, and creativity.

2. Main part

2.1. Rationale relevance of the project

Today, there are 536 students studying at the Seyakha boarding school, of which 474 students are representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North (Nenets), 56% of them live in cozy and modern boarding buildings. By the time most students graduate from school, they have an idea of the world around them, but not all children, even studying in the 11th grade, have traveled outside the village, tundra and in reality seen cities, villages, groves, oak groves or pine forests; not all students have an idea of how potatoes grow or tomatoes. Those. There are students who have only theoretical knowledge of many branches of biology, while children from central Russia, even without studying these sections at school, have extensive knowledge of botany, because they learned it in everyday life. Therefore, we decided to find out how our peers and teachers would react to the fact that, in the conditions of a boarding school, work was organized to equip a small but modern greenhouse, in which it was possible to conduct classes in botany, get acquainted with modern hydroponic equipment, and new “green technologies” ", used in agronomy.

Relevance of this project in the possibility of:

- organizing environmental education for schoolchildren;

- involving students in the system of modern financial and economic relations (basics of agricultural technology, scientific and experimental work);

- formation of social and labor competencies of schoolchildren, with subsequent professional self-determination of students on the basis of specialized education;

and demand from children, their parents, and teachers.

2.2. Objective of the project:

Creation of a project for a greenhouse corner “Hydroponic Greenhouse” for conducting extracurricular activities for environmentally oriented students.

Project objectives:

Explore the possibilities of creating a greenhouse corner in a boarding school.

To analyze the experience of domestic and foreign hydroponic cultivation of vegetables.

Create an information base for project development

Create a greenhouse project.

2.3. Project implementation period: 2014-2015.

2.4. Project content with justification for the feasibility of the decision

Problems

When solving problem 1, we decided to study the possibilities of creating a greenhouse corner in a boarding school. For this purpose in In February 2014, we conducted a study (questionnaire) to determine the possibility of organizing a greenhouse boarding school in recreation. After surveying 202 people, we learned that 62% of children have heard about greenhouses, but doubt that a greenhouse can be organized in a boarding school; 37% of students believe that in “our greenhouse” it would be possible to grow cucumbers, dill, and tomatoes for needs of the boarding school canteens, 30% of the children surveyed were clearly interested in having a club related to greenhouse farming. When analyzing the questionnaires, it was possible to find out that primary and secondary school students show greater interest in the greenhouse. In addition, those children who have never seen how vegetables are grown (i.e. children of indigenous nationality) want to study in such a circle.

Thus, after conducting a little research, we concluded that such an environmental direction as creating a greenhouse corner in a boarding school would be relevant for children in grades 1-6. Moreover, training in new state standards implies that additional education(circles) must meet the new requirements. In addition, we admit that working in a greenhouse, conducting simple experiments, economic calculations, will interest some students, and will help some of them choose a further professional path in life.

To implement the Hydroponic Greenhouse project, we spotted a room in which a greenhouse could later be placed.

We approached the director of the boarding school with this idea, discussed the idea, received recommendations and approval to create the project.

For the greenhouse project with hydroponic irrigation, we were promised a premises in a recreation area with an area of 45.5 square meters.

IN

On the Internet we found the necessary literature (the magazine “Hydroponics in Russia and the CIS countries”, “Hydroponics Manual” by Kate Roberto, the book “Growing Plants Without Soil”, V.A. Chesnokova, etc.) and recommendations for using the equipment that we offer place in recreation.

Also on the Internet we found the cost and types of equipment that the authors of hydroponics manuals recommended to us. Based on domestic and foreign experience in growing plants, we have placed in paper format the equipment necessary for the construction and operation of the greenhouse.

Layout of equipment arrangement in the greenhouse

Briefly about the essence of the project "Hydroponic greenhouse"

When implementing the project "Hydroponic greenhouse" equipment is placed in the recreation: hydroponic installations for growing greens and seedlings, flowers for landscaping a boarding school, as well as special containers with coconut substrate placed in them, which are used for growing vegetables. The purchased racks are built in on the left side; containers with coconut substrate are installed on the racks. To the right, on the benches, a hydroponic system is installed. Agricultural lamps are mounted on the walls and are used to supply plants with the required spectrum of light. An air purification and humidification system, infrared heater panels with a thermostat will create the desired atmosphere in the room. In addition, the recreation room will be covered with a glass partition - doors, of the required strength and composition. A green corner will not only decorate the recreation, but will arouse interest and desire to work in the greenhouse. After all, students who receive additional knowledge in the “Greenhouse” club will participate in the development of “green” technologies (a current environmental trend). Plants grown using hydroponics (in test tubes on a nutrient substrate) are propagated by cuttings under conditions of controlled photosynthesis (agricultural lamps). This technology is characterized by the fact that plant development is much faster and safer than in natural conditions, because in sterile vessels no viral or bacterial infection is scary for plant roots, and this helps to minimize production costs and increasing the profitability of the vegetable growing process.

Project Implementation Plan

Modeling, goal setting, determination of tactics,

organizational stage (autumn 2014)

Events

Deadlines

Content

Responsible

Discussion

September2014

Creation of a working group to work on the project.

Analysis of domestic and foreign experience in hydroponic cultivation of vegetables, formation of an information base for project development.

Exploring the possibilities of a boarding school to create a greenhouse corner

Determining the main areas of work, the necessary material, technical, methodological and human resources

Working group:

Tusida Vitalina, Vanuito Tatyana, 9th grade students

Pasynkova M.V., Deputy Director for Scientific and Methodological Work

Organizational stage

October December

2014

Search on the Internet for building materials and special equipment for equipping a greenhouse corner

Working group

Creation of the project, (January-March 2015)

Creating a Project

January-March 2015

Working group

Replenishment of the material and technical base of methodological support for the UVP (in case of sponsorship)

During 2014-2015 school year

Search the Internet and order if possible:

Boarding school administration

racks, benches, infrared panel heater, thermostat, agricultural lamps, air purification and humidification systems

modular hydroponic system drip irrigation, a set of fertilizers for hydroponics

coconut substrate in a set with fertilizers for coconut substrate, agroperlite

methodological manuals, educational literature, electronic educational resources for teachers and students

Development of a work plan for a circle of extracurricular activities with an environmental focus

Biology teachers

Result: organizational work was completed, a working group was formed to ensure the creation of the project, priorities for creating a greenhouse project were determined, the necessary equipment was found, the project was designed

Plan for working out the next steps in the case of organizing a hydroponic greenhouse

Elaboration legal issues and all necessary documents (boarding school lawyer).

Development of the design of the appearance of a hydroponic greenhouse.

Development of an estimate for equipment of a hydroponic greenhouse.

Concluding contracts for the purchase and transportation of goods.

Selection of teaching staff.

Purchase and equipment of a hydroponic greenhouse.

Acceptance of the object by the SES, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and launch of the object.

Branding

Launch of a page on the boarding school website

Necessary documentation for the operation of the facility

Inclusion of the object in the Boarding School License.

SES permission

Permission from the Ministry of Emergency Situations

Regulations on the infrastructure “Ecological center - hydroponic greenhouse” in the conditions of a polar boarding school.

Other local acts related to the operation of the facility.

Main parameters of the “Hydroponic greenhouse” object

Demand, compactness, comfort.

Cheapness.

Originality and attractiveness.

Mobility (if desired, the idea can be extended to the territory of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug).

Budget for the Hydroponic Greenhouse project

Type of equipment

Quantity

Cost of each item

total cost

Collapsible technological rack STR-224

1200x500x1830

15 371

61484

Dressing bench SG-1000

2740

13 700

Infrared heater-panel, STEP-800 1.8x 0.59

4800

9600

Thermostat (for heating panels) TP 710

2990

5980

Agricultural lamp T8 8x18W

7000.00 rub.

21 000

Air purification and humidification system "Panasonic" F-VXD50R

24 900

Stepladder, 3 steps

1317

Stationary partition NAYADA-Standart

30000

UGro Pot 9 - coconut substrate

200

420

84000

Fertilizer set for coconut substrate (300 l of water)

Hesi Coco Starter

3000.00 rub.

9000

Agroperlite (raising agent for soil or substrate) - 2 kg

229 RUR

11450

Modular hydroponic drip irrigation system.

Number of seats: 24

DutchPot System Hydro 2m 2 GHE

L220/W100/H67cm Seats: 24

38900

77800

Hesi Hydro Starter - a set of fertilizers for hydroponics

3000 rub.

9000 rub.

Dry fertilizers –

Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer 13:19:19 1 kg

120 rub.

Fertilizer Azofoska 16:16:16 1 kg

120 rub.

Fertilizer Diammofoska 10:26:26 1 kg

140 rub.

Fertilizer Urea 1 kg

120 rub.

Fertilizer Ammonium nitrate 1 kg

100 rub

Fertilizer Ammonium sulfate 1 kg

80 rub

Fertilizer Potassium sulfate (Potassium sulfate) 1 kg

220 rub.

Fertilizer Superphosphate 1 kg

130 rub.

1030

Total

RUB 360,261

Scheme of project management within the territory

Main control parameters:

Security

organization, efficiency of the expected result;

activity, prognosis (the ability to predict one’s actions in relation to the environment), democracy;

monitoring, planning, organization, control.

Design activities

studying the opinions of UVP participants;

formulation of goals and objectives;

project development;

predicting results;

development of criteria and mechanism for evaluating results

Monitoring

dynamics of readiness to visit the “Greenhouse” circle;

quality of education

in biology in subsequent grades;

survey

Security

work

creative team for project development and program implementation

mug

Project implementation

Teacher consultants;

EXPECTED RESULT OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Reflective activity

Ensuring and exercising administration control over project activities

2.5. Resources used and necessary to support the project:

a) human resources

Working group developing the project:

Tusida Vitalina, 9th grade student

Vanuito Tatyana, 9th grade student

Pasynkova M.V. - Deputy Director for Science and Technology, Geography teacher

Working group ready to work on the project as part of extracurricular activities:

Nekrasova L.N., teacher of biology, chemistry

Zolotareva M.I., teacher of biology, chemistry

Murzakhmetova G.Zh., Deputy Director for ACh

Maryik E.S., boarding school lawyer

Information about the main project implementers

FULL NAME.

Position in the project

Responsibilities

Place of work, study

Pasynkova Marina Valterovna

Project manager, advisory assistance

Providing all the content materials necessary for the implementation of the project, studying documents, holding discussions with participants, providing advisory assistance

Deputy Director for Scientific and Methodological Work, Geography Teacher

Tusida Vitalina

Project Creator

Development of a greenhouse project using modern “green technologies”

9th grade student

Vanuito Tatyana

Project Creator

Development of a greenhouse project using modern “green technologies”

9th grade student

b) methodological support

manuals on greenhouse management, educational and popular science literature, etc.

c) logistics and information support

Premises that could be used during the project implementation:

recreation for equipping greenhouses, a toilet room, a workshop, a vegetable storage room in the school canteen, a biology and chemistry classroom, a computer class with Internet access.

Equipment that could be used during the project:

multimedia equipment, equipment necessary for working in a greenhouse, music center, digital camera, camcorder.

2.6.Evaluation methods (criteria for assessing project effectiveness)

Monitoring

Name

2016

2017

2018

Positive dynamics of readiness to attend the Greenhouse club.

Questionnaire

30%

32%

35%

Positive dynamics in the quality of biology education in subsequent grades

35%

40%

50%

Increasing positive reviews of the Hydroponic Greenhouse project

50%

55%

60%

Questionnaire about the significance of the project, the attitude of parents, teachers and the public to the project

60%

70%

80%

Risks (conditions of occurrence, methods of elimination)

Among the main factors that can influence the results of the introduction and implementation of the project are the following:

Risk factor

Possible solutions

Budget deficit economic activity boarding school

search for sponsorship

attracting additional material resources to the issue through the project’s participation in grant events at various levels

attracting sponsorship through advertising activities about the progress of the project (media of the boarding school, Yamal region, regional media)

Lack of necessary premises

refusal to provide the necessary premises by the administration of the boarding school

Lack of positive support from the parent community

Conducting explanatory work with parents and the public through speeches on school television and on the website of the school, district, district

2.7. R results, prospects for project development, long-term effect

In case of a positive decision and material support for our project, the work of the “Ecological Center” infrastructure at the boarding school would be organized in a new direction - the development of “green” technologies in the conditions of the polar boarding school. This direction is currently relevant, because during project implementation "Hydroponic greenhouse" grown plants are propagated by cuttings, grown in test tubes on a nutrient substrate, under conditions of controlled photosynthesis.

It is characteristic of this technology that the development of plants when using hydroponics is much faster and safer than in natural conditions, because in sterile vessels no viral or bacterial infection of plant roots is scary, and this helps to minimize production costs and increase the profitability of the process of growing vegetables.

Further implementation of the project according to plan is carried out by a team of biology teachers. Teachers have developed a program of extracurricular activities for students “PARNICHOK”, as well as didactic materials.

Thus, the boarding school will create conditions for the development of high-quality environmental education. Students, studying in the "PARNICHOK" club, will receive primary social and labor competencies, with can navigate inbasics of agricultural technology, will trained in the simplest techniques for growing plants in a hydroponic garden . In addition, it is important that The boarding school canteens will receive additional fortified food - fresh vegetables and herbs, which are so rarely served on schoolchildren's tables.

Possibility of using the project by other participants of the OP

The proposed model can be used by other schools.

In case of financial support from sponsors, the project can be implemented, because To implement this direction, all resources are available, except material ones.

Slide 2

Completed by: Gekman Timur, 8th grade student of KSU "Osh school in Russkaya Ivanovka" Supervisor: Shtork Oksana Aleksandrovna teacher of chemistry and biology

Slide 3

The object of the study was the method of growing plants without soil - hydroponics. Based on the experiment, comparison and analysis of the results, we find out when it is possible to get a larger yield of green onions by growing them in snow water, soil from the garden, or onions grown using hydroponics. As a result of observations, it was possible to establish that when growing onions in a hydroponic installation, the feather reached required length in 23 days, and this is for several days ahead of schedule, while the onion greens are more juicy and pleasant to the taste. Growing onions using hydroponics will allow you to significantly save resources and get a good harvest. Green onions are an excellent way to replenish vitamins, especially in winter and during the period of spring vitamin deficiency.
annotation

Slide 4

As part of the project, I learned a lot of new things, including that onions and garlic rank third among healthy foods. Green onions are an excellent way to replenish vitamins, especially in winter and during the period of spring vitamin deficiency. It contains vitamins B, C, E, PP, carotene, organic acids, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, iron, phytoncides, which will protect the body from diseases. After conducting a sociological survey among students at our school and processing the results, I came to the conclusion that children rarely use onion in food, giving preference to green onions. Unfortunately, green onions bought in a store cannot be stored for long; they wither and lose their properties. beneficial features. Home grown onions - optimal solution problems: I suggest growing onions yourself.
Relevance

Slide 5

Object of study: hydroponics - as a method of growing plants without soil. Subject of research: onions. Hypothesis: if you grow onions using hydroponics, you can get a good harvest that allows you to provide yourself with vitamins all year round. The goal of the project: to find out whether hydroponics is really the most productive way growing onions for greens in winter time. Project objectives: to study the literature on growing vegetables using hydroponics; make a hydroponic vessel for growing plants; conduct experiments on growing onions in various ways; summarize the results of the experiment.

Slide 6

Advantages of growing plants using hydroponics
The plant grows strong and healthy, and much faster than in soil. Plant roots do not suffer from drying out or lack of oxygen due to waterlogging. Water consumption is easier to control; there is no need to water the plants every day. There is no problem of lack of fertilizers or their overdose. Many problems of soil pests and diseases disappear, which eliminates the use of pesticides. There is no need to buy new soil for replanting, which greatly reduces the cost of growing plants. Since the plant receives only the elements it needs, it does not accumulate substances harmful to human health that are inevitably present in the soil, which is very important for vegetable plants.

Slide 7

Preparing onions for planting 2. Preparing dishes for planting Glass with snow water 2) Flower pot with soil 3) Hydroponic installation
experimental part

Slide 8

Making a hydroponic setup

Slide 9

Watching onions grow
Day 3

Slide 10

Day 9
12 day
Day 15
Day 18

Growing greens at home using the “Home Garden” hydroponic installation Project manager: Tamara Mikhailovna Ismailova Completed by: Alexander Savelyev, student of 5th grade “D”

Goal: to identify the advantages of growing edible greens using hydroponics in a school setting

Hypothesis: Growing food greens using hydroponics has a number of advantages over the soil method

Relevance Currently, we have the opportunity to see a wide range of products on the shelves, including salads and herbs. But, unfortunately, store-bought greens and salads lose their freshness the very next day, and a day later, most often, they can be thrown away. It’s good if it’s regular parsley or dill, but what if it’s basil, thyme or mint for tea? Finding them in good condition in a store is not easy, and they are not cheap. In addition, these types of greens are used little by little, and you have to buy them in packages, the remaining contents of which are simply thrown away. By growing these greens ourselves, and even in hydroponic systems, we can cut them as we consume them, without causing damage to either the quality of the product or the plant itself.

Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, in which the plant obtains all the necessary nutrients from a solution. required quantities and exact proportions (which is almost impossible to achieve when growing in soil). You can use a bucket or flower pot, filled with substrate and irrigation with a hydroponic solution. A sheet of foam with holes into which pots are inserted floats on the surface of water in a bath of aerated solution - also hydroponics and this system is very popular for simple educational school projects. But, thanks to the “Kurchatov Project”, we were able to use a special hydroponic installation “Home Garden”.

In order to carry out the practical part of the project, we studied a lot of information from various sites on the Internet, where people who were passionate about the hydroponics method shared their experience and gave recommendations. Of course they were selected literary sources. We especially had to study specifically the “Home Garden” installation

We assembled the “Home Garden” installations in advance, according to the existing instructions. EQUIPMENT Sterile substrate(perlite) for one growing cycle Lettuce seeds A set of fertilizers for non-fruit-bearing plants. Devices for seeds (pots) Transparent plastic caps to create a greenhouse effect during seed germination Growth lamp

Each pot was filled with perlite (white granules that are included with the installation).

To compare and identify the advantages of plants grown using hydroponics, we sowed the seeds of the same plants in the ground, in a plastic pot. To organize the same conditions in all respects, except for the presence of soil, we placed this pot in the “Home Garden” device, replacing the bowl of water with a pot of soil.

We covered the seeds with mini-greenhouse lids and did not remove them until the seeds germinate. This will create a greenhouse effect during the seed germination period. Set the desired operating mode of the settings on the panel: “Salad”. All plants (experimental and control groups) were placed in the same conditions: in the laboratory of the school’s biology room.

After three days, the seeds began to germinate. When the sprouts appear, the mini-greenhouses need to be removed and stored until the next seed germination (they are reusable).

Three weeks later we received our harvest.

Conclusions Lettuce in the “Home Garden” installation grows several times faster. Rapid growth is due to compliance with cultivation technology. With the hydroponic growing method, plants do not have to compete for nutrients, as is the case with soil growing; they get everything they need from the nutrient solution.

Conclusion By observing the growth and development of the plants in the project, we became convinced that hydroponics as a method is very promising. Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, which allows us to save the planet’s much needed resources today: water and soil. We are ready to continue our research and grow various types of food greens, vegetables and flowering plants.

target:

Research objectives:

The relevance of research:

Object of study:

Subject of study:

Practical significance:

Methods used

View document contents
"research work "hydroponics at the service of the grower""

Don Academy of Sciences for Young Researchers named after. Yu. Zhdanova

Research

Topic: Hydroponics to help the gardener

Student's FI: Ekaterina Baranova

Head: teacher of biology and chemistry Kuznetsova Larisa Anatolyevna

Rostov region Kamensky district

Malaya Kamenka village

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………...3

Main part

What is hydroponics……………………………………………………4

History of hydroponics…………………………………………………….4-5

Growing plants using hydroponics……………….6

creating your own hydroponic installation………………..6

Growing indoor plants in hydroponic systems...7

Germination of seeds on foam rubber…………………………………..7

Conclusion. Conclusions……………………………………………………8

References……………………………………………………………………..19

Applications………………………………………………………10-13

Introduction

In the children's encyclopedia, I was interested in the section “Seven Wonders of the World,” especially the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. How does this “miracle of the world” work? Are there any analogues of hanging gardens in the modern world? With these questions, I approached my biology teacher and we began our investigation.

It turned out that Babylon's gardens are based on the hydroponics method. This method is little studied in our farm, one might say, not studied at all. Then I set myself target:

study hydroponics in practice and work out an algorithm of actions, the technology of growing flower crops in hydroponics.

Research objectives:

1) Get acquainted with the history of hydroponics and its use today;

2) Study the methods and methods of growing plants without soil;

3) Make your own hydroponic vessels for growing plants. 4) Conduct experiments on growing plant seedlings using hydroponics.

The relevance of research: Using hydroponics, you can grow seedlings for your garden and flower beds.

Object of study: green corner of the biology classroom.

Subject of study: branches of pelargonium and coleus, petunia seeds.

Practical significance: the results of this study can be used for growing garden and flower crops from small seeds, which rarely germinate in open ground.

Methods used: comparison, observation, experiment.

What is hydroponics?

The word "hydroponics" in Greek means "water and work." In science, “hydroponics” is a method of growing plants without soil, in which the plant receives from a solution all the necessary nutrients in the right quantities and exact proportions.

The use of hydroponics reduces the cost of soil cultivation, protection from pests and weeds. Using soilless substrates allows you to grow more plants in a limited area. Water and fertilizers are used more efficiently due to their repeated use.

Vegetable products grown in greenhouse complexes differ high quality, lower nitrate content compared to vegetables grown in the same season in traditional greenhouses.

2. History of hydroponics.

It is believed that soilless methods of plant cultivation are the brainchild of modern technology. Yes, indeed, these are technologies of the future, successfully developed in different countries, but it is worth remembering the proverb: the new is the well forgotten old... One of the seven wonders of the world has not survived to our time - the hanging gardens built by Nebuchadnezzar for his wife, Semiramis. These blooming gardens were a miracle not only because they were in a hot desert and amazed with their size... According to the very few eyewitness accounts that have survived to our time, we can conclude that they were used to maintain plants, to put it modern language, primitive active hydroponic systems. As substrate a mixture of earth and stones was used, sort of hydroculture…recipe descriptions nutrient solution– has not survived, unfortunately.

But even in that distant time, groundless methods were not an absolute innovation... In the ancient Sumerian “Epic of Gilgamesh,” which is considered one of the first written sources that have reached our time, there are references to such systems. Of course, it’s a stretch, but – they can be called hydroponic. The first person to think about how plants feed was Aristotle. In any case, he wrote works where he tried to explain this process. Aristotle argued that plants receive the necessary food in their final (already organic) form, touching on this issue only by the way substances move along the plant trunk. Then, for many centuries, there was a pause in the study of plant nutrition. Until a Dutch scientist began to study this issue experimentally Johann Baptist Van Helmont(1575 – 1642). Professor of Medicine John Woodward(1665 – 1828), apparently, was the first to carry out and describe the cultivation closest to the definition - hydroponics . The one who put an end to the debate and called a spade a spade was a German agrochemist Justus von Liebig(1803-1873). He stated the following: “Plant organisms, or, therefore, organic compounds, are the means of nutrition and maintenance of life for people and animals. The source of plant nutrition, on the contrary, is inorganic nature.” Thus the basis of our modern agricultural chemistry was created, and the direction of its further development was indicated in Liebig's statement: “Now that the conditions necessary for the soil to be fertile and capable of supporting plant life have been clarified, probably no one will want to deny that further progress in agriculture you can only expect from chemistry."

Initially it was believed that soilless methods of growing plants- exclusively the prerogative of experienced laboratories, this can only arouse interest among scientists - as an entertaining way.

Probably the largest of them was created at the Soviet Institute of Fruit Growing on the initiative of the “Russian Liebig” - prof. D.N. Pryanishnikova. The results of this significant scientific installation were practically implemented by the Soviet polar expedition already in 1937. Since 1936, using the method hydroponics began to grow vegetable and flower plants in greenhouses in our country.
Everything in the world is moving towards what hydroponics ( hydroculture HYPERLINK "http://gidroponika.com/" ) , against the backdrop of a general half-starved existence (in the global sense) - the future, and - very promising. There are several companies in Russia that have been in this specialized market for a long time.

3.Manufacture of a hydroponic installation

Experience No. 1.

It was decided to grow pelargonium planting material using hydroponics. But for comparison, we took three types of substrate: washed expanded clay, peat and regular earth soil. Target of this experiment: to identify the role of soil in plant development.

I decided to conduct research and make a hydroponic installation with my own hands (Appendix 1).

To do this, I took ordinary plastic bottles and cut off their bottoms.

Turning the cut bottle upside down with a new, wide hole, I installed it in the cut bottom, like in a stable tray. To ventilate the root system, I used an awl to make many holes near the plug.

I placed freshly cut pelargonium shoots in expanded clay, peat, and soil. All growing vessels are made in the same way, described earlier. By carrying out this experiment, we greatly risk the lives of our escapees. In early spring, plants do not take root well, since in the biology room the temperature ranges from 13 0 to 16 0 C. After seven days in hydroponic installations, all plants feel great. After the weekend, the plant in the soil gave new, real leaves, but the hydroponic installation does not see any changes; the soil on top is dry. We removed a shoot from the expanded clay substrate and observed the appearance of small roots. There are no signs of rotting.

Conclusion: Plants grown hydroponically thrive without the soil we are accustomed to. The plant feels best in a peat substrate. Even at low temperatures for germination, roots appeared within a week.

Experience No. 2(Appendix No. 2)

To get the short shoots to take root, I made a second hydroponic setup.

Take an aqueous solution of humate, used juice packaging, two plastic cups, a cotton wick, and scissors.

2) In the juice packaging, cut two holes along the diameter of the plastic cup to install cups in them.

3) Make a hole in a plastic cup to install a wick in it.

4) Make a wick 10 cm long, tie a knot at one end and

insert it into the hole in the cup. We insert the finished cups into the holes in the box.

5) Pour expanded clay and peat into cups. Carefully insert freshly cut coleus shoots into cups.

6) Pour the nutrient solution into the juice box through the hole.

After a week, we observe an increase in the length of the shoots. There are no signs of rotting. When extracted, we see two new roots on the shoots.

Conclusion: short shoots of indoor plants can be easily grown hydroponically even under not very favorable conditions in a cold room.

Experience No. 3

The third hydroponic installation was created for growing planting material from small seeds that do not germinate well in open ground. I make this installation from a plastic box, a car sponge and mineral water. (Appendix No. 3)

Pour mineral water into a plastic box. Place a sponge in the box and sprinkle small petunia seeds on top. To create a favorable microclimate, we cover the system with thin cling film. We install the system on the windowsill. After three days we observe sprouted seeds. Germination rate - 100%. Germination time in a hydroponic system has greatly decreased compared to germination in open ground.

Conclusion: In a hydroponic setup, you can grow small seeds of flowering plants and transfer them to open ground.

Conclusion. Conclusions.

While doing research, I found out:

When growing plants at home, you can successfully use hydroponics, especially in winter, when nutrition should be moderate and evaporation should not be high.

When growing flower planting materials at home, you can successfully use hydroponics.

Using hydroponics, you can grow planting material from small seeds, which germinate faster than in open ground and more efficiently.

Using hydroponics, you can grow an environmentally friendly product all year round. But at the same time, the hydroponics method is more “capricious” than the soil method.

The hydroponics method is more economical in terms of water consumption by plants.

I installed it experimentally:

1) When growing plants hydroponically, they grow healthy and much faster than in soil;

2) Plant roots do not dry out and receive sufficient quantity oxygen;

3) Problems such as soil pests and diseases disappear;

Home hydroponics methods deserve to take an important place among all other growing methods. Plants grown with your own hands improve the ecology of your home.

List of used literature

Vakhmistrov D. “Plants without soil”, Moscow; "Children's Literature", 1961

Zeltser E. “Hydroponics for amateurs”, Moscow; "Spike", 1965

rostok.fansportal.ru› hydroponika-eto-simple/

fermer.ru›forum/zakrytyi-grunt… hydroponika/52284

hydroponika.com›content/section/9/237

u-woman.ru› hydroponika.htm

Annex 1