Episodes of crime series often feature characters filming gory scenes at crime scenes or working in morgues. Everyone knows how this happens in the movies, but in reality there are quite a lot of people who are forced to deal with death every day due to their duty.

WARNING: Many of the photos were taken in the morgue and contain some very graphic scenes. It is not recommended for the impressionable to watch!!!

It took several months for the institute's leadership to finally give in. Budenz spent the entire next year among the corpses and those who work with them. As a result, two collections of images appeared: the first is dedicated to forensic experts who search for evidence at crime scenes, the second is about what happens to bodies after death: funeral homes, morgues, crematoria, etc. Of course, this is not the only photo collection dedicated to death. However, Budenz's work is distinguished by an atmosphere of calm and peaceful attitude towards this issue, without unnecessary drama. The photographer's goal is not to shock, but to try to reconcile the viewer with the idea of ​​death.

Episodes of crime series often feature characters filming gory scenes at crime scenes or working in morgues. Everyone knows how this happens in the movies, but in reality there are quite a lot of people who are forced to deal with death every day due to their duty.

German photographer Patrick Budenz decided to dedicate a separate project to these people and went to the Berlin Institute of Forensic Medicine and Criminology, where he had to work hard to get full access to all laboratories and the right to photograph the work of all the specialists he was interested in. It took several months for the institute's leadership to finally give in. Budenz spent the entire next year among the corpses and those who work with them. As a result, two collections of images appeared: the first is dedicated to forensic experts who search for evidence at crime scenes, the second is about what happens to bodies after death: funeral homes, morgues, crematoria, etc.

Of course, this is not the only photo collection dedicated to death. However, Budenz's work is distinguished by an atmosphere of calm and peaceful attitude towards this issue, without unnecessary drama. The photographer's goal is not to shock, but to try to reconcile the viewer with the idea of ​​death.

Author: A few days ago I had the opportunity to visit an ordinary morgue. It would seem, what’s wrong with this? Well, the morgue, well, we’ll all be there. The point is that without being a mortuary employee or his comrade, “outsiders” have no special opportunity to inspect, much less photograph, all the premises. Relatives of the deceased visit only the farewell hall and a couple of other rooms ready to receive them, medical students visit the auditorium and sometimes the sectional room.
In the review below the cut, I suggest you familiarize yourself with how true last way– the path of the body from the moment of death until the moment the coffin with the body is handed over to relatives for further burial/sending to the crematorium. The review is illustrated, but is as ethical as possible. There is only one corpse in the photographs, and that one with a bag on his head.

It all starts with the fact that a person dies.
This can happen at home, or outside the home, or even in the hospital.
Death can be discovered immediately - by others or loved ones, or maybe later different quantity time, which affects the form in which the corpse is delivered to the morgue.

They call for “suspicion of death” ambulance, with whom the police also arrive. The doctor pronounces death and the body is taken to the morgue.
If the death occurred in a hospital, the police do not seem to be needed.

1. And so, they bring him here...

2. A door with a sign “reception of bodies”, a forgotten gurney, and then immediately - coffins

5. The morgue consists of two floors and a basement. First cooling chamber disabled due to lack of need for it (the second one in the basement is enough)

6. Then there is a table on which the body is washed if necessary. Please note - the table is granite. According to the orderly, such tables (Russian, stone) are much more convenient than more modern iron (imported) ones - they do not rattle and are easier to clean. These are the tables that are used in the morgue, which appeared on the Internet some time ago with the label “Prison Morgue” (although in fact this is one of the Moscow morgues at the time of the influx of clients) - the remains of the photos can be found on Google.

7. Then the measurement takes place (height is measured to determine the size of the coffin: the coffin must be 20 cm longer than the body) and registration. Here the ambulance doctor hands over the body to the orderly and Required documents. At this moment, the person finally ceases to be a person, and instead of his full name, he is assigned a number, which is written on a tag and tied to his wrist (a more common option is to his toe).

8. The orderlies who work here in daily shifts and regularly touch all sorts of things are required to wash their hands frequently and wash themselves completely. For this purpose, the morgue is full of sinks, showers and changing rooms.

11. By the way, the morgue also has the Internet and Wi-Fi (in a hospital where patients are alive, this benefit is not provided)

12. The registry is needed more by relatives - after all, this is where the services provided by the morgue are processed, a death certificate is issued, etc.

13. A person can die suddenly or after long illness. Having been observed by various doctors and having appropriate entries in their medical histories (medical records at the place of treatment), citizens, after being delivered to the morgue, are sent to the dressing room, where orderlies bring them into proper shape using simple cosmetics

16. The range of morgue services also includes the sale of coffins and accessories, organization of farewells, funeral services and the provision of funeral transport.

18. Coffins, wreaths, etc. are displayed in the sales hall

21. And also in the corridor of the first floor

23. And for some reason in the toilet

24. The coffin on the right is Muslim

25. The cat on the “roof” of the Muslim coffin is not included in the set. By the way, there are four cats here - a cat and three cats. They are kept to control the absence of rodents, which tend to eat bodies.

26. In addition to length (from 160 to 210), coffins differ in width. For obese citizens there is a standard coffin called a “deck”

For those who are completely non-standard, the option of making a coffin to order is possible.

27. If a person’s death was not so predictable, his body is sent for an autopsy. The autopsy takes place in rooms called “sectional rooms.” The sectional ones look like this (the explosive metal tables are right here)

30. Opening tools

31. Another sectional, with its own tools

34. Hard lining-pillow under the head - numerous marks from the tool

35. During the autopsy, the necessary samples, tests, samples are taken from the corpse

36. These samples are sent for research to laboratories located on the second floor

39. The duty officer's place is on the second floor

40. Forensic experts have not been here for a long time, all that is left of them is an empty room

41. But there are many laboratories

43. We look into several of them - a lot of equipment, understandable and not completely

46. ​​Next laboratory

49. Just a jungle

50. And one more lab

53. This unit is alive. It beeps and moves regularly, the lid rises, the drum with cans makes some movements

54. The archive is filled in real time

55. On the second floor there is also an archive, in a more familiar form

57. And this is what thin colored sections of organs look like, which are examined to determine the causes of death

59. Research Answers

60. There is also an auditorium where students come

62. Although there are only two floors and a basement, there is an elevator, because it is inconvenient to move up the stairs with a wheelchair. The elevator connects the first floor and the basement, and the second floor houses its engine room.

65. There is also a ventilation room

67. Rest room for orderlies

68. And the canteen where morgue workers have lunch

69. The morgue also has a roof - in good weather you can hang out on it, set off fireworks, etc., but in winter there is knee-deep snow on it

70. Basement of the morgue. First of all, in the basement there is another sectional and the main refrigerator

72. A bag is put on the head of a corpse so that the face does not dry out

73. Three cats live in the basement (two in the frame, the third ran away ahead of time)

74. There is an unused hyperbaric chamber-on-wheels, where nurses go out to smoke

75. And old medical records of long-dead and buried citizens

76. Underground tunnels connecting all hospital buildings converge to the basement of the morgue

78. After all the procedures for autopsy, make-up, dressing, etc., traditionally on the third day the body in a coffin is given to relatives - from this veranda, where artificial flowers covered with snow stand forlornly

79. Well, what can I say in conclusion? Based on the results of my communication with the orderly working there, working there is not scary at all, interesting in places, but mostly mundane. And let's cross our fingers that you and your loved ones will not soon find yourself in this or a similar establishment

Thank you for attention! I hope it was interesting and not too disgusting.

It is no secret that Germany launched massive actions to exterminate prisoners of war and the population on the territory of occupied countries. The count went on for millions of lives. But what is striking is not even the scale of the tragedy, but the fact that it was essentially a single plant, the workshops of which were scattered over a vast territory. The enterprise had its own directors, shop managers, accountants, workers and shock workers of National Socialist labor. there were even technical schools where they trained specialists in the “slaughter of human cattle.” Even now it is impossible to read archival documents without shuddering.

SPEECH BY ASSISTANT CHIEF PROSECUTOR FROM THE USSR L. N. SMIRNOV

{TsGAOR USSR, f 7445, op. 1, units storage 26.}

At the mass graves where the bodies of Soviet people were killed by “typical German methods” (I will further present to the Court evidence of these methods and their certain frequency), at the gallows on which the bodies of teenagers swung, at the ovens of giant crematoria where those killed in extermination camps were burned , from the corpses of women and girls who became victims of the sadistic tendencies of fascist bandits, from the dead bodies of children torn in half, the Soviet people suffered a chain of atrocities stretching, as rightly said in the speech of the Chief Prosecutor from the USSR, “from the hands of executioners to ministerial chairs.” These monstrous atrocities had their own specific criminal system. Uniformity of killing methods: the same design of gas chambers, mass stamping of round cans with the toxic substance “Cyclone A” or “Cyclone B”, built according to the same standard projects crematorium ovens, the same layout of “extermination camps”, the standard design of stinking “death machines”, which the Germans called “Gasenwagens”, and our people called “gas chambers”, technical development designs of mobile mills for grinding human bones - all this pointed to a single evil will uniting individual killers and executioners. It became clear that the rationalization of mass murders, on the instructions of the Hitler government and the leadership of the German military forces, was carried out by German heating engineers and chemists, architects and toxicologists, mechanics and doctors. ...

From the evidence that I will present further, you will see that the burial places of German victims were opened by Soviet forensic doctors in the north and south of the country, the graves were separated from one another by thousands of kilometers, and it was obvious that these atrocities were committed by various individuals. But the methods of committing crimes were the same. The wounds were equally localized. Giant pit graves disguised as anti-tank ditches or trenches were prepared in the same way. The killers, in almost identical terms, ordered the unarmed and defenseless people brought to the place of execution to undress and lie face down in pre-prepared pits. The first layer of those shot, whether it was in the swamps of Belarus or in the foothills of the Caucasus, was equally sprinkled with bleach, and the killers again forced the doomed defenseless people to lie down on the first row of dead men, covered with a caustic mass mixed with blood. This testified not only to the unity of instructions and orders received from above. The methods of murder were so similar that it became clear how cadres of killers were trained in special schools, how everything was planned in advance, from the order to undress before execution to the actual killing. These assumptions, based on an analysis of the facts, were subsequently fully confirmed by documents captured by the Red Army and the testimony of prisoners.

The fascist system of educating killers also knew other forms of training, specifically devoted, in particular, to the technique of destroying traces of a crime. The court has already been presented as evidence with a document registered under the number USSR-6v/8. This document is one of the appendices to the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission on the atrocities of the Germans in the Lvov region. This is the testimony of witness Manusevich, interrogated by the senior assistant prosecutor of the Lvov region on special instructions from the Extraordinary State Commission. The interrogation protocol was properly drawn up in accordance with the procedural law of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic. Manusevich was imprisoned by the Germans in the Yanovsky camp, where he worked on a team of prisoners engaged in burning the corpses of murdered Soviet people. After the burning of 40 thousand corpses killed in the Yanovsky camp, the team was sent for similar purposes to a camp located in the Lisenice forest. I quote the interrogation report: “In this camp at the death factory, special 10-day courses on burning corpses were organized, in which 12 people were trained. People were sent to the courses from the camps of Lublin, Warsaw and other camps, from which I can’t remember. I don’t know the names of the cadets, but they were not privates, but officers. The teacher of the courses was the commandant of the burning, Colonel Shallock, who, at the place where the corpses were dug up and burned, told how to practically do this, explained the structure of the machine for grinding bones. Then Shallok explained how to level the hole, sift and plant trees in this place, where to scatter and hide the ashes of human corpses. Such courses have been available for a long time. During my stay, that is, during five and a half months of work in the Yanovsky and Lisenitsky camps, ten batches of cadets were missed.”

The commandant of the Janow camp, Obersturmführer Wilhaus, for the sake of sport and the pleasure of his wife and daughter, systematically fired from a machine gun from the balcony of the camp office at prisoners working in the workshops, then handed the machine gun to his wife, and she also shot. Sometimes, to please his nine-year-old daughter, Vilgauz forced two to four-year-old children to be thrown into the air and shot at them. The daughter applauded and shouted: “Dad, more, dad, more!” - and he shot.

The document “Communiqué of the Polish-Soviet Extraordinary Commission for the Investigation of German Atrocities Committed in the Extermination Camp at Majdanek in the City of Lublin” has already been presented to the court under the number USSR-29. ... “I saw personally,” says witness Baran Edward, “how small children were taken from mothers and killed before their eyes: they grabbed one leg with their hand, stood on the other with their foot, and thus tore the child apart.”

The next part of the note is devoted to the mass crimes of the Germans, the so-called “actions”, in particular the “actions” in Kyiv. I am forced to draw the Court's attention to the fact that the number of those killed in Babi Yar, which is given in the note, is less than in reality. After the liberation of Kyiv, it was established that the volume of atrocities of the Nazi invaders exceeded the crimes of the Germans, which were known from the initial information. From the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission for the city of Kyiv presented to the Court further, it is clear that in Babi Yar during this monstrous so-called “mass action” the Germans shot not 52 thousand, but 100 thousand people.

Upon the arrival of the Red Army in Kerch, in January 1942, when examining the Vagerovsky ditch, it was discovered that for a kilometer in length, 4 meters wide, 2 meters deep, it was filled with the corpses of women, children, old people and teenagers. There were frozen pools of blood near the ditch. There were also children's hats, toys, ribbons, torn buttons, gloves, bottles with nipples, boots, galoshes along with stumps of arms and legs and other parts of the body. It was all splattered with blood and brains. Fascist scoundrels shot the defenseless population with explosive bullets. A young woman lay tortured on the edge. In her arms was a baby, neatly wrapped in a white lace blanket. Next to this woman lay an eight-year-old girl and a boy of about five, shot through with explosive bullets. Their hands clutched their mother's dress."

The circumstances of the execution are confirmed by the testimony of numerous witnesses who were lucky enough to escape unharmed from the ditch of death. I will give two of these testimonies: “Twenty-year-old Anatoly Ignatievich Bondarenko, now a Red Army fighter, testified: “When we were taken to the anti-tank ditch and lined up near this terrible grave, we still thought that we were brought here in order to force us to fill the ditch with earth or dig new trenches. We did not believe that we were brought to be shot. But when the first shots rang out from the machine guns aimed at us, I realized that they were shooting us. I immediately rushed into the hole and hid between two corpses. So I lay unharmed in a semi-fainting state almost until the evening. Lying in the pit, I heard some of the wounded shouting to the gendarmes who were shooting them: “Finish me off, you scoundrel,” “Oh, you didn’t hit me, you scoundrel, hit me again!” Then, when the Germans left for lunch, one of our fellow villagers shouted from the pit: “Get up, whoever is alive.” I stood up, and the two of us began to scatter the corpses and pull out the living. I was covered in blood. Above the ditch there was a light fog and steam from the cooling pile of bodies, blood and the last breath of the dying. We pulled out Fedor Naumenko and my father, but my father was killed outright with an explosive bullet in the heart. Late at night I reached my friends in the village of Bagerovo and there I waited for the arrival of the Red Army.” Witness Kamenev A. testified: “Behind the airfield, the driver stopped the car, and we saw that the Germans were shooting people near the ditch. They took us out of the car and ten people at a time began to drive us towards the ditch. My son and I were in the top ten. We reached the ditch. They put us facing the pit, and the Germans began to prepare to shoot us in the back of the head. My son turned around and shouted to them: “Why are you shooting civilians?” But shots rang out, and the son immediately fell into a hole. I rushed after him. The corpses of people began to fall into the pit on me. At about three o'clock in the afternoon, an 11-year-old boy rose from a pile of corpses and began shouting: “Guys, whoever is alive, get up, the Germans are gone.” I was afraid to get up because I thought the boy was screaming on the orders of the policeman. The boy began to scream a second time, and my son responded to this scream. He stood up and asked: “Dad, are you alive?” I couldn't say anything and just shook my head. My son and boy pulled me out from under the corpses. We saw people still alive shouting: “Save us!” Some of them were injured. The whole time I was lying in the hole, under the corpses, I could hear the screams and cries of children and women. It was after us that the Germans shot old people, women and children.”

Children were poisoned with carbon monoxide in German gas chambers. In confirmation of this, I refer to the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission on the atrocities of the Nazi invaders in the Stavropol Territory, already presented to the Court under the number USSR-1: “It was established that in December 1942, by order of the head of the Gestapo of the city of Mikoyan-Shahar, Lieutenant Otto Weber, An exceptionally cruel killing of Soviet children suffering from bone tuberculosis who were being treated in the sanatoriums of the Teberda resort was organized. Eyewitnesses of this crime, employees of children's sanatoriums, nurse Ivanova S.E. and nurse Polupanova M.I. reported: “On December 22, 1942, a German car drove up to the entrance of the sanatorium of the first department. Seven German soldiers who arrived with this car pulled 54 seriously ill children aged three years and older from the sanatorium, stacked them in several tiers in the car - these were children who could not move, and therefore they were not driven into the car, but stacked in tiers - then they slammed the door, let in the gas (carbon monoxide) and left the sanatorium. An hour later the car returned to the village of Teberda. All the children died, they were killed by the Germans and thrown into the Teberd Gorge near Gunachgir.” Children were drowned in the open sea. In confirmation of this, I refer to document number USSR-63 - “Act on German atrocities in Sevastopol.”

Former prisoner Gordon Yakov, a doctor from the city of Vilnius, testified: “At the beginning of 1943, 164 boys were selected from the Birkenau camp and taken to the hospital, where they were all killed using carbolic acid injections into the heart.”

In the Bikernek Forest, located on the outskirts of the city of Riga, the Nazis shot 46,500 civilians. Witness Stabulnek M., who lives near this forest, said: “On Friday and Saturday before Easter 1942, buses with people ran from the city to the forest around the clock. I counted 41 buses passing by my house between morning and noon on Friday. On the first day of Easter, many residents, including myself, went into the forest to the place of execution. There we saw one large open pit in which there were shot women and children, naked and in their underwear. The corpses of women and children showed signs of torture and abuse - many had blood stains on their faces, abrasions on their heads, some had their hands and fingers cut off, their eyes gouged out, their stomachs ripped open...”

In confirmation of the fact that during mass executions, so-called “actions”, German criminals buried living people in the ground, I present to the Court under the number USSR-37 the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission dated June 24, 1943: “When excavating a hole at a depth of one meter 71 corpses of executed residents of the city of Kupyansk and the Kupyansky district were discovered, among them there were 62 male corpses, 8 female corpses and a corpse infant. All those shot were without shoes, and some without clothes... The commission notes that many of the wounds were not fatal, and it is obvious that these people were thrown into the pit (and buried alive. This is also confirmed by citizens who passed near the pit shortly after the executions, who saw, how the earth stirred over the hole and a dull groan was heard from the grave ... "

“On November 3, 1943, 18,400 people were shot in the camp. 8,400 people were taken from the camp itself, and 10 thousand people were brought from the city and from other camps... The execution began in the morning and ended late in the evening. The SS men, stripped naked, took them in groups of 50 and 100 people to the ditches, laid them face down on the bottom of the ditch and shot them with machine guns. A new batch of living people was placed on the corpses, who were also shot. And until the ditches were filled..."

I ask the distinguished judges to turn to the album of documents on the Kloga camp. You will find there a typical type of this kind of brutal shooting techniques. To confirm this, I turn to document number USSR-39: “On September 19, 1944, the Germans began to liquidate the Kloga camp. The Unterscharführer of the Schwarze camp and the head of the concentration camp, Hauptscharführer Max Dahlmann, selected 300 people from the prisoners and forced them to carry firewood to a forest clearing; the other 700 people were forced to make fires. When the fires were ready, the German executioners began mass execution of prisoners. The firewood bearers and bonfire organizers were shot first, and then the rest. The execution took place like this: on a prepared bonfire site, Germans from the SD police teams forced the prisoners to lie down face down by force of arms and shot them with machine guns and pistols. Those executed were burned at the stake. About two thousand people were killed in the Kloga camp on September 19, 1944.”

The mass execution point in the town of Ponary was organized in July 1941 and operated until July 1944: “In December 1943,” said witness Matvey Fedorovich Zaidel, “we were forced to dig up and burn corpses. Thus, we placed about 3 thousand corpses on each fire, doused them with oil, placed incendiary bombs on four sides and set them on fire.” The burning of corpses continued from the end of 1943 until June 1944. During this time, out of nine pits with a total volume of 21,179 cubic meters At least 100 thousand corpses were extracted and burned at the stake.

In a number of cases, for the mass killing of civilians in the Soviet Union, the German fascists resorted to methods full of cruel deceit. To confirm these methods, I refer to the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission for the Stavropol Territory, which I have already presented to the Court under the number USSR-1: “It was established that before the retreat from the city of Georgievsk on January 9 and 10 this year. On the orders of the head of the German hospitals, chief physician Baron von Heimann, in order to poison the Soviet people, German soldiers sold alcohol and baking soda at the city market, and the alcohol turned out to be methyl alcohol, and the “soda” was oxalic acid. There was a mass poisoning of city residents..."

I turn to the presentation of evidence related to the use by Nazi criminals of special machines to kill people with gasoline exhaust fumes - “sonder machines”, “gas vans”, or “gas vans”, as the Soviet people correctly called them. The very fact of using these machines for the mass killing of people is a grave indictment of the leaders of German fascism. Special devices for the mass extermination of people in closed hermetic vehicles, the exhaust pipes of the engines of which were connected to the bodies using special movable hoses, were used by the Nazis for the first time in the USSR in 1942. I remind the respected Court that we find the first mention of “gas chambers” in the act I presented to the Tribunal about the atrocities of the Nazi 166 invaders in the city of Kerch (document numbered USSR-63); this dates back to the spring of 1942. I remind the Tribunal of the excerpt included in the act from the testimony of witness Daria Demchenko, who saw how from two “gas chambers” German soldiers in Kerch threw the corpses of those killed into an anti-tank ditch. However, it is indisputably obvious that the mass killing of people in “gas chambers” was first established by the Extraordinary State Commission in the Stavropol Territory. This can be seen from document number USSR-1. The investigation into the atrocities of the German fascists in the Stavropol Territory took place under the leadership of the late outstanding Russian writer, member of the Extraordinary State Commission, academician Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy. A very thorough investigation was organized with the involvement of major specialists and forensic doctors, because human thinking, which sets certain logical limits to crimes, then had difficulty accepting the existence of these machines. However, as a result of the investigation and eyewitness testimony about the “gas chambers,” the mass painful murders of civilians committed by the German fascists with their help were fully confirmed.

The Report of the Extraordinary State Commission for the Stavropol Territory contains the first detailed description devices of “gas chambers”: “The Germans have established mass extermination of peaceful Soviet population through carbon monoxide poisoning in specially equipped “gas chamber” vehicles. Prisoner of war E.M. Fenichel said: “Working as a car mechanic, I had the opportunity to become familiar in detail with the design of vehicles specially adapted for suffocation - killing people with exhaust gases. There were several such cars in the city of Stavropol under the Gestapo. Its structure was as follows: the body was approximately 5 meters long, 2.5 meters wide, and the body height was also approximately 2.5 meters. The body had the shape of a carriage, without windows, the inside was upholstered with galvanized iron, and on the floor, also upholstered in iron, lay wooden gratings; The body door was lined with rubber and closed tightly with an automatic lock. On the floor of the car under the grille there were two metal pipes... These pipes were connected to each other by a transverse pipe of the same diameter... These pipes had frequent half-centimeter holes; A rubber hose extends from the transverse pipe down through a hole in the galvanized floor, at the end of which there is a hex nut with a thread corresponding to the thread on the end of the engine exhaust pipe. This hose is screwed onto the exhaust pipe, and when the engine is running, all exhaust gases go into the body of this hermetically sealed car. As a result of the accumulation of gases, the person in the back died after a short time. The car body can accommodate 70-80 people. The engine on this car is of the Sauer brand...”

In the Stavropol Territory, a gas chamber was used to kill 660 sick people in a local hospital. Next, I draw the attention of the respected Court to the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission on the atrocities of Nazi criminals in Krasnodar. I present this document to the Court under number USSR-42. It also states the facts of mass murders of people with the help of “gas chambers”. I present to the Court under number USSR-65 the verdict of the military tribunal of the North Caucasus Front. From this sentence, in order to reduce time, I will quote short quote: “The judicial investigation also established the facts of systematic torture and burning by Hitlerite robbers of many arrested Soviet citizens who were in the basements of the Gestapo, and the extermination by poisoning with carbon monoxide gases in specially equipped vehicles - “gas chambers” of about 7 thousand innocent Soviet people, including over 700 sick people who were in medical institutions in the city of Krasnodar and the Krasnodar region, of which 42 were children aged 5 to 16 years.” I then present to the Court the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission on the atrocities of the Nazi invaders in the city of Kharkov and the Kharkov region. Document number USSR-43. I appeal to the verdict of the military tribunal of the 4th Ukrainian Front, which is presented under the number USSR-32. “For the mass murder of Soviet citizens, the fascist German invaders used the so-called “gas vans” - large closed vehicles, which are known among the Russians as “gas chambers”. The Nazi invaders drove Soviet citizens into these “gas vans” and killed them by releasing a special lethal gas - carbon monoxide. In order to hide the traces of the monstrous atrocities committed and the mass extermination of Soviet people by asphyxiation with carbon monoxide in gas cars, the Nazi criminals burned the corpses of their victims.” To prove that “gas chambers” were used not only in those points that I spoke about, I refer to the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission, presented to the Court under number USSR-9, about the atrocities of the Germans in Kyiv. The court will find there evidence of the use of gas chambers in Kyiv. I will focus on data about widespread use"gas chambers" on the territory of temporarily occupied areas USSR, that is, on the Communication of the Extraordinary State Commission for the city of Rivne and the Rivne region. “...3. The extermination of civilians and prisoners of war in the city of Rivne was carried out through mass executions from machine guns and machine guns, killing carbon monoxide in gas vans,” and in some cases people were thrown into graves and buried alive. Some of the people shot, in particular in the quarries near the village of Vydumka, were burned on pre-prepared and adapted sites." To confirm this, I refer to the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission for Minsk: "Thousands of Soviet citizens died at the hands of German executioners in concentration camps" I turn to the testimony of witness Moisievich. He says: “I was an eyewitness to how the Germans exterminated people in gas chambers. They forcibly pushed from 70 to 80 people into each “gas chamber” and took them away in an unknown direction.” In Minsk, murderers used the “gas chamber” principle to construct stationary gas chambers, which were set up by criminals in ordinary baths. This is also stated in this Message of the Extraordinary Commission.

From the report of the Polish government it is clear that the Sobibur camp was founded during the first and second periods of the liquidation of the Jewish ghettos. But the main wave of atrocities took place in this camp at the beginning of 1943. In the same report we can find a mention that the camp in Belcica was set up in 1940, but it was in 1942 that special electrical devices for the mass killing of people were installed here. Under the pretext that they were being taken to bathe, the doomed were forced to undress, then they were taken to a building where the floor was specially electrified, and there they were killed.

In addition, mobile crematoria were created. Their existence is evidenced by SS man Paul Waldmann, who took part in one of the atrocities of the German fascists - the simultaneous destruction of many thousands of Russian prisoners of war in Sachsenhausen. Documents on this camp have already been presented to the court under number USSR-52. I quote that passage from the testimony of SS man Waldmann, which speaks of the mass execution in Sachsenhausen: “The prisoners of war killed in this way were burned in four mobile crematoria, which were transported on a car trailer...”

I refer, further, to the Report of the Extraordinary State Commission for the city of Minsk: “In the Blagovshchina tract, 34 pit graves were discovered, disguised by coniferous branches. Some graves reach a length of 50 meters. When five graves were partially opened, charred corpses and a layer of ash ranging from half to one meter thick were found at a depth of three meters. Near the pits, the Commission found many small human bones, hair, dentures and a lot of various small personal items. The investigation established that the Nazis exterminated up to 150 thousand people here. 450 meters from the former farm of Petrashkevichi, 8 pit graves measuring 21 meters long, 4 meters wide and 5 meters deep were discovered. In front of each pit-grave there are huge deposits of ash left over from the burning of corpses.”

Mockery of the corpses of victims was characteristic of all extermination camps. I remind the respected Court that the unburned bones of the dead were sold by the German fascists to the Strem company. The hair of the murdered women was cut off, packed into bales, pressed and sent to Germany. Among these same crimes are those about which I am presenting evidence now. I have pointed out several times before that the main method of destroying traces was burning corpses, but the same vile rationalization SS technical thought that created gas chambers and “gas chambers” began to work to create methods for the complete destruction of human corpses, in which the destruction traces of crimes would be combined with the receipt of a certain fabrication. At the Danzig Anatomical Institute, experiments have already been carried out on a semi-industrial scale in obtaining soap from human bodies and tanning human skin for industrial purposes. I present to the Court, under number USSR-197, the testimony of one of the direct participants in the production of soap from human fat, a preparator at the Anatomical Institute in Danzig, Sigmund Mazur:

Question: Tell us how soap was made from human fat at the Anatomical Institute of Danzig.

Answer: Next to the anatomical institute, in the depths of the courtyard, a stone stone building was built in the summer of 1943. one-story building from three rooms. This building was built for processing corpses and boiling bones. This was officially announced by Professor Spanner. This laboratory was called a laboratory for making human skeletons and burning meat and unnecessary bones. But already in the winter of 1943/44, Professor Spanner ordered that human fat be collected and not thrown away. This order was given to Reichert and Borkman. In February 1944, Professor Spanner gave me a recipe for making soap from human fat. This recipe called for taking 5 kilograms of human fat and boiling it for 2-3 hours in 10 liters of water with 500 grams or one kilogram of caustic soda, then let it cool. The soap floats to the top, and the residue and water remain at the bottom in the buckets. Table salt (a handful) and soda were also added to the mixture. Then fresh water was added and the mixture was cooked again for 2 - 3 hours. After cooling, the finished soap was poured into molds."

I now present to the Court these “ditch molds into which the boiled soap was poured. Next I present evidence that a semi-finished product of this human soap was actually seized in Danzig.

“The soap turned out to have an unpleasant smell. In order to destroy this bad smell, benzaldehyde was added. Fat was collected from human corpses Borkman and Reichert. I made soap from the corpses of men and women. One production boiling took several days - from 3 to 7. Of the two boilings known to me, in which I was directly involved, more than 25 kilograms of finished soap came out, and for these cookings 70-80 kilograms of human fat were collected from about 40 corpses . The finished soap was delivered to Professor Spanner, who kept it personally. As far as I know, Hitler’s government was also interested in the production of soap from human corpses. The Minister of Education Rust, the Minister of Health Conti, the Gauleiter of Danzig Albert Forster, as well as many professors from other medical institutes came to the anatomical institute. I myself personally used this soap made from human fat for my needs - for the toilet and washing. Personally, for myself, I took 4 kilograms of this soap... For myself, Reichert, Borkmann, von Bargen and our boss Professor Spanner also took soap... Just like human fat, Professor Spanner ordered the collection of human skin, which, after degreasing, was treated with certain chemicals. The production of human skin was carried out by senior preparator von Bargen and Professor Spanner himself. The produced leather was put into boxes and used for special purposes, but I don’t know what.”

I am now presenting, under number USSR-196, a copy of the recipe for soap made from the bodies of the dead. It is basically identical to the one set out in the interrogation protocol of Mazur. To confirm that everything stated in the interrogation protocol of Mazur is true, I will cite the protocols accepted by the Court for the interrogation of British prisoners of war, in particular John G. Witton, private of the Royal Sussex Regiment. The document is presented to the Court under number USSR-264. I quote one small place from this protocol: “The corpses arrived in quantities of 7 to 8 per day. They were all beheaded and stripped naked. Sometimes they were delivered in Red Cross vehicles to wooden boxes, holding 5 - 6 corpses, sometimes 3 - 4 corpses were delivered in small trucks. The corpses were usually unloaded with utmost speed and carried into the cellar, into which a side door led from the foyer at the main entrance to the institute. Due to the fact that the corpses were previously soaked in some kind of liquid, the tissue was very easily separated from the bones. The entire fabric was then placed in a boiling tank the size of a small kitchen table. After boiling, the resulting liquid was poured into white vessels approximately the size of a double sheet of ordinary writing paper and 3 centimeters deep. Usually the machine produced 3-4 such vessels a day.”

I submit, further, to the Court under number USSR-272 the written testimony of a British subject - Corporal of the Royal Signals Corps William Andersen Neely. “The corpses were delivered in quantities of 2-3 per day. All of them were completely naked, and most were beheaded. The construction of the soap making machine was completed in March-April 1944. The construction of the building in which it was supposed to be placed was completed in June 1942. This machine was assembled by the Danzig company Aird, which is not associated with military production. As far as I remember, this machine consisted of a tank heated by electricity, in which the bones of corpses were dissolved by adding some acids. The dissolution process took about 24 hours. The fatty parts of corpses, especially female ones, were placed in large enamel vats, heated by the fire of two gasoline burners. Some acids were also used for this procedure. I assume that caustic soda was used as an acid. When the boiling was completed, the resulting mixture was allowed to cool and then placed in special molds... I cannot accurately determine the amount of the substance obtained, but I saw it used in Danzig to clean the tables on which autopsies were performed. People who have used it have assured me that it is - best soap for this purpose".

FROM THE INTERROGATION OF WITNESS S. SHMAGLEVSKAYA (TsGAOR USSR, f. 7445, op. 1, storage unit 38.)

Shmaglevskaya: And doctors. During this selection, the youngest and healthiest Jewish women entered the camps in very small numbers. Those women who carried children in their arms or carried them in strollers, or who had older children, were sent to the crematorium along with these children. The children were separated from their parents in front of the crematorium and taken separately to the gas chamber. At a time when most Jews were exterminated in gas chambers, an order was issued that children would be thrown into the crematorium ovens without first being gassed to death.

Smirnov: How should you understand: were they thrown into the fire alive or were they killed in other ways before being burned?

Shmaglevskaya: The children were abandoned alive. The scream of these children could be heard throughout the entire camp. It is difficult to say how many of these children there were.

Smirnov: Why was this done anyway?

Shmaglevskaya: This is difficult to answer. I don’t know whether it was because they wanted to save gas, or because there was no room in the gas chambers. I would also like to say that it is impossible to determine the number of these children, for example the number of Jews, since they were taken directly to the crematorium. They were not registered, were not tattooed, very often they were not even counted. We, the prisoners, who wanted to know the number of people who died in the gas chambers, could only be guided by the fact that we learned about the number of child deaths from the number of strollers that were sent to the stores. Sometimes there were hundreds of strollers, sometimes thousands. ...

Smirnov: Tell me, do you confirm your testimony by the fact that sometimes the number of strollers left in the camp after the killing of children reached up to a thousand per day?

Shmaglevskaya: Yes, there were such days.

Smirnov: Mr. Chairman, I have no more questions for the witness.

Chairman: Do any of the other Chief Prosecutors want to ask questions of the witness? Does any defense lawyer want to ask questions of the witness? (Silence) In this case, the witness can consider himself free.

Dead people are cool. Don't repeat their mistakes...

1. Lisa “Left eye” Lopez. She was one of the three members of the American group TLC, which became known far beyond the United States thanks to the hits Waterfalls and No scrubs. Lisa took the nickname “left eye” because she was once told that she had beautiful eyes, especially her left one. At concerts, she put a condom on the left lens of her glasses, thus promoting safe sex. Lisa died in a car accident in Honduras in 2002. At this time, she was preparing for the release of her second solo album and the fourth album of the TLC group.

2. Jean Harlow. She was called nothing less than the “Blonde Bombshell.” She was the embodiment of Marilyn Monroe before there was Marilyn Monroe herself. Harlow has played many film roles, such as Howard Hughes' Hell's Angels, as well as several films with Clark Gable. Jean Harlow literally hypnotized viewers with her incredible sex appeal. The actress died at the age of 26 from kidney failure. It is believed that the health of the star, who was married three times, was undermined by a severe flu that she suffered in the year of her death. Interestingly, Marilyn Monroe was going to play Harlow shortly before her death.

3. Anna Nicole Smith. “Woke up famous” after the publication of her photographs in Playboy magazine, as well as after her marriage to 89-year-old billionaire James Howard Marshall, who, by the way, died after a year of marriage. On February 8, 2007, Anna Nicole was found unconscious in a Florida hotel. She died on the way to the hospital. The preliminary version is a drug overdose. 11 types of narcotic substances were later found in her body.

4. Princess Diana. She was the first wife of Prince Charles, who would later take the throne of the United Kingdom. Diana was known all over the world for her charitable and peacekeeping activities (in particular, she was an activist in the movement to stop the production of anti-personnel mines and the fight against AIDS). In Great Britain, Diana has always been considered the most popular member of the royal family, she was called the Queen of Hearts. Princess Diana died in a car accident in Paris. Together with Diana in the car were her friend Dodi al-Fayed and driver Henri Paul, who died on the spot. The princess died two hours later in hospital. The only surviving passenger, bodyguard Trevor Rhys-Jones, was seriously injured and has no memory of the events.

5. Dorothy Stratten. Was one of the most famous models Playboy magazine. She became "Girl of the Month" in August 1979 and "Girl of the Year" in 1980. Dorothy was shot by her husband Paul Snyder, with whom she was divorced at that time and the model lived with her friend, director Peter Bogdanovich. Stratten and Snyder met to discuss financial side divorce, the girl was later found shot in the head in her husband’s bedroom. Snyder killed Dorothy and then committed suicide.

6. Selena Quintanilla-Perez. Selena was called the “Mexican Madonna”, she was the main singer on the Latin American scene. Selena became famous at a fairly young age and during her short but bright life managed to release about a dozen albums. Selena was killed by the president of her fan club, Yolanda Saldivar. In addition to her work at the fan club, Saldivar was the manager of Selena's stores in Texas, but she was fired for theft. In March 1995, Selena and Saldivar met at a hotel in Corpus Christi, Texas, to work things out. financial questions. When the meeting ended and Selena was about to leave the hotel, Yolanda Saldivar shot her in the back. The singer was able to get to the reception, but later died in the hospital.

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7. Edie Sedgwick. American actress, socialite and muse of Andy Warhol. Sedgwick became famous thanks to her appearances in Warhol's underground films and her participation in his Factory project. Sedgwick struggled with drug addiction most of my adult life. By 1971, she was no longer using drugs, but her doctor prescribed barbiturates to stop her physical pain. On the night of November 15, 1971, Sedgwick took the prescribed amount of medication and went to bed; in the morning Edie never woke up.

8. Chrissy Taylor. Got a pass to model business thanks to his sister, supermodel Nicky Taylor. At the age of 11, she began participating in filming with her sister and soon her career took off. Chrissie was discovered dead in her parents’ apartment by her sister. As it later turned out, the cause of the model’s death was an asthma attack complicated by a sudden cardiac arrhythmia. For her age, this is a very rare and suspicious occurrence.

9. Considered one of the first supermodels. forerunner of 1980s supermodels Claudia Schiffer and Cindy Crawford. Due to her striking resemblance to Karangi, the latter was often called Baby Gia. Gia's condition began to deteriorate in the early 80s, after he became heavily addicted to heroin. By December 1984, Gia had hit rock bottom. After pressure from her family, Gia was enrolled in a recovery program at Eagleville Hospital in Montgomery. She declared herself poor and lived on benefits. In 1986, she ended up in the hospital with signs of pneumonia. However, after examination it turned out that the model had HIV. - one of the first famous women in the USA, whose cause of death was openly identified as the immunodeficiency virus.

10. Jayne Mansfield was a blonde sex symbol of the 50s. She appeared on the pages of Playboy magazine more than once and stopped at nothing to achieve fame. Jane died in 1967 as a result of a car accident. The actress traveled with her boyfriend Sam Brody and three of her four children. The car in which the movie star was traveling collided with a tractor-trailer; only children survived the accident.

11. Aaliyah. American actress, singer and model. In an interview with an American publication, Aaliyah spoke about the origin of her name. “Aaliyah is an Arabic name with great power,” she said. As an actress, Aaliyah starred in the films “Romeo Must Die” and “Queen of the Damned.” The singer died on August 25, 2001, as a result of a plane crash on which she was returning from the island of Abaco, where she was filming her new video. None of the eight people on board survived.

12. Sharon Tate, a Golden Globe nominee and the wife of director Roman Polanski, was a universal favorite due to her kindness and cheerful disposition. The actress, who was eight months pregnant, and her four friends were killed by members of the Charles Manson gang. Despite the fact that Tate begged for the life of her unborn child, the killers stabbed Sharon 16 times.

13. Marilyn Monroe. Marilyn Monroe was a true Hollywood icon and remains so today. With her beauty and incredible sexuality, she was able to charm President Kennedy, playwrights and athletes. No one was able to resist her charms. Marilyn Monroe died on the night of August 5, 1962 in Brentwood at the age of 36 from a lethal dose of sleeping pills. There are five versions of the cause of her death:

• a murder committed by intelligence agencies on the orders of the Kennedy brothers to avoid publicity of their sexual relations;
• murder committed by the mafia;
• drug overdose;
• suicide;
• the tragic mistake of actress Ralph Greenson's psychoanalyst, who prescribed the patient to take chloral hydrate shortly after she took Nembutal.

Prisoners of the Gardelegen concentration camp, killed by guards shortly before the liberation of the camp.

The bodies of prisoners who died on the train on the way to the Dachau concentration camp.

A pile of corpses of prisoners in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

A pile of corpses of prisoners in the crematorium of the Dachau concentration camp. The bodies were discovered by soldiers of the US 7th Army.

By order of the Americans, captured German soldiers removed all the corpses of prisoners from the Lambach concentration camp in Austria. They were buried in the forest near the camp

American soldier near the body of a Belgian boy killed by the Germans in Stavelot. The bodies of other civilians who were shot are visible in the background.

From the testimony of the Belgian literature teacher Van der Essen at the Nuremberg trials:

“As for the first fact, that is, crimes committed by entire military formations, in order not to abuse the attention of the Tribunal, I will simply give a very typical example. This is an event that took place in Stavelot, where approximately 140 people, of whom there were 36 women and 22 children, the eldest of whom was 14 years old and the youngest 4 years old, were brutally murdered by German units belonging to the SS Panzer divisions.

These were the Hohenstaufen division and the SS guard division Adolf Hitler."

The corpse of a prisoner of the Leipzig-Thekla concentration camp on barbed wire. Leipzig-Thekla was a branch or "subcamp" of Buchenwald.

A French prisoner of the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp on the floor of a barracks among his dead comrades. The photo was taken immediately after the liberation of the camp by the Allies. Camp Mittelbau – Dora was a sub-camp of the infamous Buchenwald. It was a labor camp; its prisoners worked, among other things, at the Mittelwerk plant, where V-2 rockets were produced.

Filming location: surroundings of Nordhausen, Germany.

Punishers shoot Jewish women and children near the village of Mizoch, Rivne region. Those who still show signs of life are finished off in cold blood. Before execution, victims were ordered to remove all clothing.

The family of a Soviet collective farmer, killed on the day of the retreat of German troops.

A German boy walks along a dirt road, on the side of which lie the corpses of hundreds of prisoners who died in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in Germany.

Two Ukrainian SS members, known as "Askaris", look at the bodies of murdered women and children during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

Bagerovo anti-tank ditch near Kerch. Local residents mourn the people killed by the Germans - civilians: women, children, old people.

A fragment from the “Act of the Extraordinary State Commission on the atrocities of the Germans in the city of Kerch”, presented at the Nuremberg trials under the title “Document USSR-63”: “...The Nazis chose an anti-tank ditch near the village of Bagerovo as the site of mass execution, where they were transported by car for three days entire families of people doomed to death. Upon the arrival of the Red Army in Kerch, in January 1942, when examining the Bagerovo ditch, it was discovered that for a kilometer in length, 4 meters wide, 2 meters deep, it was filled with the corpses of women, children, old people and teenagers. There were frozen pools of blood near the ditch. There were also children's hats, toys, ribbons, torn buttons, gloves, bottles with nipples, boots, galoshes along with stumps of arms and legs and other parts of the body. It was all splattered with blood and brains. Fascist scoundrels shot the defenseless population with explosive bullets..."

In total, about 7 thousand corpses were found in the Bagerovo ditch.

A Soviet child next to his murdered mother. Concentration camp for civilians "Ozarichi". Belarus, town of Ozarichi, Domanovichi district, Polesie region.

Execution of a Jewish family in Ivangorod (Ukraine)

German woman from local population passes by the exhumed corpses of 800 Slavic workers killed by the SS. Such events were carried out by the Allies so that the German population knew about the crimes of their Nazi leaders.
Neighborhood German city Nameringa.

One of 150 victims from among the prisoners who died in the Gardelegen concentration camp. The man tried to escape, but died from fire and smoke.

Before the arrival of Soviet troops, the Nazi shot his family and committed suicide on the streets of Vienna.

Evgeniy Khaldei: “I went to the park near the parliament building to film the passing columns of soldiers. And I saw this picture. On the bench sat a woman, killed with two shots - in the head and neck, next to her were a dead teenager of about fifteen and a girl. A little further away lay the corpse of the father of the family. He had a gold NSDAP badge on his lapel, and a revolver lay nearby. (...) A watchman from the parliament building ran up:

It was he who did it, not the Russian soldiers. Came at 6 am. I saw him and his family from the basement window. Not a soul on the street. He moved the benches together, ordered the woman to sit down, and ordered the children to do the same. I didn't understand what he was going to do. And then he shot the mother and son. The girl resisted, then he laid her on a bench and also shot her. He stepped aside, looked at the result and shot himself.”

Nazis shoot civilians in Kaunas