(estimates: 6 , average: 4,17 out of 5)

Name: Yesenin Sergey Alexandrovich
Birthday: October 3, 1895
Place of Birth: Konstantinovo, Ryazan district, Ryazan province, Russian Empire
Date of death: December 28, 1925
A place of death: Leningrad, USSR

Biography of Yesenin Sergei Alexandrovich

Everyone knows and loves Sergei Yesenin for his simplicity and rebellion. Many people know his work by heart, and some phrases have become catchphrases. During his very short life, the writer left many good poems that we all loved so much.

Sergei Yesenin was born into the family of a simple peasant Alexander Nikitich Yesenin and Tatyana Fedorovna Titova. His mother was forced into marriage. Apparently due to lack of love and mutual understanding, the family soon fell apart ass.

When Sergei was 2 years old, his mother left, and her parents took care of his upbringing. The family was quite wealthy. Also, he was raised by three uncles who were not married. Yesenin said that his three uncles were quite cheerful. They taught him to swim by simply throwing him into deep water.

As the poet himself admitted in the future, it was his grandmother’s tales, stories and ditties that became the reason that he wanted to write poetry. In addition, every evening they read church books with their grandfather.

Sergei Yesenin began his education at the Konstantinovsky Zemstvo School, which he entered in 1904. He studied there for 5 years instead of the required 4 because of his bad behavior. His parents dreamed that the boy would become a teacher in a rural school; in 1909 he was sent to a parochial school in the village of Spas-Klepiki, which was located not far from Konstantinov. The boy himself wanted a completely different future for himself...

After graduating from school, Yesenin went to his father in Moscow, where he found him a job. But the future writer left there and began working in I. Sytin’s printing house as an assistant proofreader. It was there that he met and fell in love with Anna Romanovna Izryadnova. From their civil marriage, a son, Yuri, was born. As the woman herself later said, she saw Sergei for the last time before his death. He came to say goodbye to her because he felt bad, he needed to leave, and, as the poet said, he would probably die soon.

Yesenin published the first verse “Birch” in Moscow in children's magazine"Mirok". He also joined the musical and literary circle named after I. Surikov, in which there were many aspiring simple poets.

Sergei Yesenin left for Leningrad in 1915 and there he already met Blok, Klyuev, and Goroetsky. In 1916, Yesenin’s first collection entitled “Radunitsa” was published.

In 1917, he first married Zinaida Nikolaevna Reich, and they had two children - Kostya and Tanya. But a year later the couple breaks up. The boy was born after Yesenin left. Once he was traveling on a train and found out that Zinaida was traveling in another carriage with her children, but he had never seen Kostya. The friend he was traveling with persuaded him to go to his ex-wife. Yesenin agreed, but was not enthusiastic about this idea. When Reich showed the child, the poet only said that there are no dark Yesenins and left. Although, as witnesses said, he always carried photographs of his children with him.

In 1919, Yesenin wrote his first poems “Inonia” and “Mare Ships”.

In 1920, the writer met Galina Benislavskaya, whose relationship lasted intermittently until 1925. When Yesenin finally broke off relations with her, it was a real tragedy for Galina. As a result, she shot herself at the writer’s grave, leaving a note in which she wrote that “in this grave everything that is most dear to me ...”

In September 1921, Sergei met the famous dancer Isadora Duncan and in the spring of 1922 they got married. It is with this woman that the poet travels around the world.

Relations with Duncan also did not work out and they soon break up. After this, Yesenin married Sofya Andreevna Tolstoy, the granddaughter of Leo Tolstoy, but this marriage soon broke up, just a couple of months later.

It is worth noting that Sergei Yesenin was officially married 3 times, but he had much more women. He had two children within marriage and two out of wedlock.

Over time, depression began to consume the poet. He was increasingly condemned for rowdy behavior, hooliganism, and accused of alcohol abuse. In November 1925, Sofya Tolstaya came to an agreement and he was placed in a psychoneurological clinic in Moscow. Only a very narrow circle of people knew about this.

In December, Yesenin left the clinic and went to Leningrad, where he rented a room in the notorious Angleterre Hotel. IN last days throughout his life he met famous literary figures.

On December 28, 1925, Sergei Yesenin was found hanged in his hotel room. On the table lay a suicide note with the verse “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...” As it became known, that day the writer complained that there was no ink in the room and he had to write with his own blood.

For a long time, only one version of the death of the great poet was put forward - suicide due to prolonged depression, and only many years later another version appeared - murder with a staged suicide.

Today Yesenin is loved for his special style poetry, for beautiful poems about the homeland, nature, love. Sensuality, simplicity and love of life made Sergei Yesenin the idol of many.

Documentary

We bring to your attention a documentary film, a biography of Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin.

Bibliography of Yesenin Sergei Alexandrovich

Small poems

Song about Evpatiya Kolovrat
Marfa Posadnitsa
Mikola
Rus
Us
Singing call
Comrade
Otcharya
Octoechos
Advent
Transfiguration
Jordan pigeon
Inonia
Heavenly Drummer
Pantocrator
Mare ships
Sorokoust
Confession of a hooligan
Homecoming
Soviet Rus'
Homeless Rus'
Rus' is leaving
In the Caucasus
To the poets of Georgia
Ballad of twenty-six
Letter to a woman
Letter from mother
Answer
Stanzas
Letter to grandfather
Lenin
Blizzard
Spring
Letter to my sister
My way
The Tale of the Shepherd Petya

Poems

The Legend of Evpatiya Kolovrat
Pugachev
Anna Snegina
Song of the Great March
Poem about 36
Country of scoundrels
Black man

Fiction

Bobyl and Druzhok
Iron Mirgorod
By the white water
Yar

06/14/2019 at 13:05 · VeraSchegoleva · 5 050

10 most famous poems by Sergei Yesenin

Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin is a famous Russian poet, one of the brightest representatives of new peasant poetry.

His later work can be attributed to this literary direction 20th century, as imagism (the goal of creativity is the creation of an image; poetry of this direction is characterized by the use of metaphors, shocking and anarchic motifs).

The poet's life was bright, eventful, but short. During my creative activity he managed to write many works. In our article you can familiarize yourself with the list, which includes Yesenin’s 10 most famous poems.

10. Shagane you are mine, Shagane...

Shagane you are mine, Shagane...– the poem was written in 1924, during this period the author was in the Caucasus. Literary scholars believe that admiration for Russian nature and sympathy for women are surprisingly intertwined in him.

For reference: Schoolchildren are introduced to this work in the 11th grade.

Many researchers of Yesenin’s work assumed that the lyrical heroine of Shagane’s poem is a fictional character. But it turned out that this was not so, V. Belousov managed to find a real woman named Shagane, with whom the poet communicated and dedicated the work to her.

Compositionally, the verse is a monologue-address to the lyrical heroine. Moreover, the lyrical hero himself is as close as possible to the author of the work.

9. Sing, sing. On the damn guitar...

Poem Sing, sing. On the damn guitar... the author wrote in 1922. 20s The last century was a crisis for the poet; he experienced considerable disappointment from the 1917 revolution.

His attitude towards the events that took place is reflected in literary works, whose lyrical hero is trying to forget himself.

“Sing, sing. On the damned guitar...” is included in the collection “Moscow Tavern”; after reading the text of the verse, one can understand that its lyrical hero suffers from love for a lady, admires her in the first lines, but then his mood changes sharply, he uses curses towards the woman.

But later the hero of the poem says that he does not hold a grudge against the one who could not give him love.

8. Goy you, Rus', my dear...

Popular work Goy you, Rus', my dear... was written in 1914, published in the collection “Radunitsa”. Its main theme is the transfer of love for Russian nature, admiration for the open spaces native land.

For reference: At school the poem is studied in the 10th grade.

The work is an extended monologue lyrical hero, in which you can see a description of the life of the Russian people, the nature and vastness of Rus'.

Interesting fact: Yesenin created this poem shortly after he moved from his father’s house to Moscow; in the capital, he often missed his native land, he brought this sadness and melancholy into his works, that is, as researchers of his work say, he turned to rural themes.

7. Kachalov’s dog

Famous verse Kachalov's dog was written in 1925, it is believed that in it the author addresses Jim, the famous artist V.I. Kachalov, with whom the poet was friends.

Compositionally, the work can be divided into three parts:

1. In the first, the lyrical hero conducts a conversation with a dog.
2. In the second, he indulges in philosophical reflection.
3. In the third, he remembers and talks about the woman he loves.

Interesting fact: Yesenin wrote this verse shortly before his death, many researchers of his work believed that during this period the author rethought his life, there were many losses and personal tragedies in it, the poet realized that popularity has not only positive sides.

6. Son of a bitch

Work Son of a bitch was written in 1924. Many researchers of the poet’s work suggest that it was dedicated to Anna Sardanovskaya; it was with her that the poet became interested when he was about 16 years old.

Literary scholars also suggest that this poem is a kind of expression on paper of longing for young, even young years gone forever, for the first pure love for a woman.

5. Letter to a woman

Poem Letter to a woman written in 1924, literary scholars call it one of the brightest examples of the poet’s love lyrics.

For reference: Schoolchildren study and analyze a work in literature lessons in 9th grade.

The verse can be called a kind of repentance with which the lyrical hero addresses the woman, but in addition love relationship the text contains thoughts about the present and future of the homeland.

Researchers of the poet’s work found out that this work is addressed to a real woman, namely his ex-wife Zinaida, who after her divorce from Yesenin was able to get married again and be happy in marriage, her new husband was able to accept the poet’s children as family.

4. Letter to Mother

During the same period, he was greatly overcome by longing for his home; he could not go there for various reasons.

Yesenin was not in his homeland for about 8 years, getting ready to go home, just before leaving, he wrote this verse.

The poet's mother was a simple peasant woman, and she did not understand her son's fame; she wished him ordinary life, I was very worried about him, there are lines about this in the poem.

The poet tries to convince his mother that he is still such a brawler and a hooligan as people imagine him to be. At the end of the poem, the author expresses hope for a happy meeting with his mother.

3. The golden grove dissuaded...

Work The golden grove dissuaded... was created in 1924, in which the author was able to show not only beautiful sketches of the autumn season, but also conveyed his thoughts about the meaning of life, about the days he lived.

Literary scholars classify the poem as landscape lyrics. When writing it, the poet actively used metaphors, epithets and comparisons.

Yesenin wrote a poem in last years of his life, being in his native village.

2. I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry...

Poem I do not regret, do not call, do not cry… came from the poet’s pen in 1921. In it, Yesenin reflects on the transience of human life and indulges in memories of his youth.

At the time of the creation of this work, the poet was only 26 years old; at this age, few people think about their lost youth.

The poem is written in the first person singular; its central character is the lyrical hero.

Researchers of the poet’s work find the most interesting in this text the metaphorical image of youth; the author writes about it as a pink horse.

1. Yes! Now it's decided. No return...

The author wrote a poem Yes! Now it's decided. No refund... in 1922. In the 20s In the last century, Yesenin’s work began to change greatly; he moved further and further away from the image of a “rural poet”.

He saw how the world around him was becoming different, there was less and less room in it for his lyrical hero, poetry was not needed by people engaged in the collectivization of the economy.

It was during this period that he realized that he could no longer admire the nature of his native land; devastation reigned in the villages and...

The riotous life in the capital also did not attract the poet’s lyrical hero; he saw death as the only reasonable way out of all this.

Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin (1895–1925) is an outstanding Russian poet. According to literary scholars, in early period creativity - a representative of new peasant poetry, later - an imagist. But these definitions are nothing more than clichés and do not reflect the true essence of his gift. For understanding, To fully accept Yesenin, you must love him the same way native land and everything living on it is like him. The poet carried two characteristics characteristic of the people throughout his short life: very serious attitude to yourself, to your work and mercy towards your neighbors. Poems and poems are read by Denis Semyonov. The audio play “Emelyan Pugachev” by the Musical Drama Theatre, based on Sergei Yesenin’s poem “Pugachev”, resurrects one of the most dramatic eras Russian history. Listen to these expressive lines, imbued with love and compassion for the oppressed people - and immerse yourself, together with the author and the actors inspired by his poetry, in the atmosphere of the greatest popular uprising of the 18th century. Script and production by Denis Semenov. The roles are performed by: Pugachev – Denis Semenov Kirpichnikov – Alexander Bychkov Karavaev – Stanislav Fedorchuk Zarubin – Alexey Gromov Khlopusha – Alexey Andreev Tvorogov – Alexey Rossoshansky The performance features Russian folk songs “Down along Mother Volga”, “Oh, you, the wide steppe” in Spanish . theater actors and the Cossack folk song “Black Raven, my stray friend...” in Spanish. Alexey Rossoshansky. “Pugachev’s Theme” – music and arrangement by Denis Semenov. Artistic director Denis Semenov. Recorded in 2010. Rus. “It’s already evening. Dew...” “Where the cabbage beds are...” “Winter sings and echoes...” Imitation of a song. “The scarlet light of dawn was woven on the lake...” “The flood licked the silt with smoke...” “The bird cherry is pouring snow...” Kaliki. “Under the wreath of forest daisies...” “Tanyusha was beautiful, there was no more beautiful thing in the village...” “It’s a dark night, I can’t sleep...” “Mother walked through the forest in the Swimsuit...” “Play, play, little Talyanochka, raspberry furs...” “The evening began to smoke.” , the cat is dozing on the beam...” Birch. Powder. Easter gospel. WITH Good morning! Mother's prayer. Coachman. “Trinity morning, morning canon...” “Beloved land! My heart dreams...” “I will go to Skufia as a humble monk...” “The Lord went to torture people in love...” In the hut. “Through the village along a crooked path...” “Go away, my dear Rus'...” “I am a shepherd; my chambers...” “Is this my side, my side...” “The melted clay is drying up...” “Mantises are walking along the road...” “You are my abandoned land...” “Black, then smelly howl...” “Swamps and swamps...” Patterns. Bird cherry. “I’m weaving a wreath for you alone...” Evening. “There are bagels hanging on the fences...” “On a heavenly blue dish...” “The drought has drowned out the sowing...” The beggar. “In that land where there are yellow nettles...” “I’m here again, in my own family...” “Don’t wander, don’t crush in the crimson bushes...” Cow. Song about a dog. Herd. “Night and field, and the crowing of roosters...” The missing month. "Behind dark strand copses..." Autumn. “It hides the moon behind the barns...” “Behind the mountains, behind the yellow valleys...” “It spreads out in a pattern again...” Threshing. “There are lights burning across the river...” Grandfather. “A white scroll and a scarlet sash...” “The mountain ash has turned red, the water has turned blue...” “Clouds from the foal...” Fox. Singing call. Comrade. “O Rus', flap your wings...” “Wake me up early tomorrow...” “The fields are compressed, the groves are bare...” “Oh arable fields, arable fields, arable fields...” “Oh, I believe, I believe, there is happiness!..” “The spring rain danced and cried …” “Open to me, guardian above the clouds...” “Here it is, stupid happiness...” “I’ll look into the field, look into the sky...” Transfiguration. Jordan blueberry. Heavenly Drummer. "Green hair..." "I left home…” “It’s good in the autumn freshness...” “The golden foliage is spinning...” Cantata. Mare ships. Hooligan. Sorokoust. Confession of a bully. Wolf's death. “I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry...” “Don’t swear. Such a thing!..” “Every living thing is marked with a special mark from an early time...” “Yes! Now it's decided. No return...” “I won’t deceive myself...” “I have only one fun left...” “A blue fire has started...” “You are as simple as everyone else...” “Let others drink you...” A song about the great march. Poem about 36 Return to the homeland. Soviet Rus'. Rus' is leaving. Lenin. Letter to a woman. Letter from mother. Answer. Letter to grandfather. Letter to mother. Pushkin. “The golden grove dissuaded me...” “I asked the money changer today...” “You are my Shagane, Shagane!..” “Being a poet means the same...” “There are such doors in Khorossan...” Captain of the earth. The tale of the shepherd Petya, his commissarship and the kingdom of the cows. Letter to my sister. My way. Black man. “Dawn calls out to another...” “Unspeakable, blue, tender...” To Kachalov’s dog. “Well, kiss me, kiss me...” “Apparently, it’s been like this forever...” “I’m walking through the valley. On the back of the cap..." "There is a month above the window. There is a wind under the window..." "Life is a deception with enchanting melancholy..." To Sister Shura. “Oh, you sleigh! And the horses, the horses!..” “Do you hear - the sleigh is rushing...” “You are my fallen maple, icy maple...” “What a night! I can't. I can’t sleep...” “You don’t love me, you don’t feel sorry...” “Maybe it’s too late, maybe it’s too early...” “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...” Anna Snegina (poem). Emelyan Pugachev... Further

Sergey Yesenin. The name of the great Russian poet - an expert on the people's soul, the singer of peasant Rus', is familiar to every person, his poems have long become Russian classics, and on Sergei Yesenin's birthday, admirers of his work gather.

Oh you sleigh! What a sleigh!

The sounds of frozen aspen trees.

My father is a peasant,

Well, I am a peasant's son.

Sergei Yesenin: biography of the Russian poet

Ryazan Oblast. In 1895, a poet was born, whose works are still admired by fans of his work today. October 3 is the birthday of Sergei Yesenin. From childhood, the boy was raised by a wealthy and enterprising maternal grandfather, a great expert church literature. Therefore, among the child’s first impressions are spiritual poems sung by wandering blind men and fairy tales of his beloved grandmother, which prompted the future poet to create his own creativity, which began at the age of 9.

Sergei graduated from the 4th grade of the local zemstvo school, although he studied for 5 years: due to unsatisfactory behavior, he was retained for the 2nd year. He continued to gain knowledge at the Spas-Klepikovsky parochial school, which trained rural teachers.

The capital of Russian cities: the beginning of a new life

At the age of 17, he left for Moscow and got a job in a butcher shop, where his father served as a clerk. After a conflict with a parent, he changed jobs: he moved to book publishing, and then to a printing house as a proofreader. There he met Anna Izryadnova, who gave birth to his 19-year-old son Yuri in December 1914, who was shot in 1937 under a false verdict of an attempt on Stalin’s life.

While in the capital, the poet took part in the literary and musical circle named after. Surikov, joined the rebellious workers, for which he received police attention. In 1912, he began to attend classes at the A. Shanyavsky People's University in Moscow as a volunteer. There Yesenin received the basics of a humanitarian education, listening to lectures on Western European and Russian literature. Sergei Yesenin's birthday is known to many admirers of his work - October 3, 1895. His works have been translated into many languages ​​and are included in the required school curriculum. To this day, many are interested in what kind of relationship the poet built with the fair sex, did women love Sergei Yesenin, did he reciprocate? What (or who) inspired him to create; to create in such a way that after a century his poems are relevant, interesting, and loved.

Life and work of Sergei Yesenin

The first publication took place in 1914 in metropolitan magazines, and the beginning of a successful debut was the poem “Birch”. Literally in a century, Sergei Yesenin’s birthday will be known to almost every schoolchild, but for now the poet set foot on his thorny road leading to fame and recognition.

In Petrograd, where Sergei moved in the spring of 1915, believing that all literary life was concentrated in this city, he read his works to Blok, whom he personally came to meet. The warm welcome by the famous poet’s entourage and their approval of the poems inspired the envoy of the Russian village and endless fields for further creativity.

Recognized, published, read

Sergei Yesenin’s talent was recognized by Gorodetsky S.M., Remizov A.M., Gumilev N.S., whose acquaintance the young man owed to Blok. Almost all the imported poems were published, and Sergei Yesenin, whose biography still arouses interest among fans of the poet’s work, became widely known. In joint poetic performances with Klyuev before the public, stylized in a folk, peasant manner, the young golden-haired poet appeared in morocco boots and an embroidered shirt. He became close to the society of “new peasant poets” and was himself interested in this trend. The key theme of Yesenin’s poetry was peasant Rus', the love for which permeates all his works.

In 1916, he was drafted into the army, but thanks to the concern and troubles of his friends, he was appointed as an orderly on the military hospital train of Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, which allowed the poet to attend literary salons, perform at concerts, and attend receptions with patrons of the arts without interference.

Peasant Rus' in the poet’s work

October Revolution accepted in his own joyful way and with enthusiasm wrote a number of short poems “Heavenly Drummer”, “Inonia”, “Dove of Jordan”, imbued with a premonition of future changes; The life and work of Sergei Yesenin were at the beginning of a new, yet unknown path - the path of fame and recognition.

In 1916, Yesenin’s debut book “Radunitsa” was published, enthusiastically received by critics who discovered in it a fresh direction, the author’s natural taste and his youthful spontaneity. Further, from 1914 to 1917, “Dove”, “Rus”, “Marfa-Posadnitsa”, “Mikola” were published, marked by some special, Yesenin style with the humanization of animals, plants, natural phenomena, which together with man form rooted in nature, holistic, harmonious and beautiful world. Pictures of Yesenin's Rus' - reverent, evoking an almost religious feeling in the poet, are colored with a subtle understanding of nature with a heating stove, a dog's coop, uncut hayfields, swampy swamps, the snoring of a herd and the hubbub of mowers.

Second marriage of Sergei Yesenin

In 1917, the poet married Nikolaevna, from whose marriage Sergei Yesenin’s children were born: son Konstantin and daughter Tatyana.

At this time, real popularity came to Yesenin, the poet became in demand, he was invited to various In 1918 - 1921, he traveled a lot around the country: Crimea, the Caucasus, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Turkestan, Bessarabia. He worked on the dramatic poem “Pugachev”, and in the spring he traveled to the Orenburg steppes.

In 1918-1920, the poet became close to Mariengof A.B., Shershenevich V.G., and became interested in imagism - a post-revolutionary literary and artistic movement based on futurism, which claimed to build an “art of the future”, completely new, denying everything previous artistic experience. Yesenin became a frequent visitor to the literary cafe “Stable of Pegasus”, located in Moscow near the Nikitsky Gate. The poet, who sought to understand the “commune-raised Rus',” only partially shared the desire of the newly created direction, the goal of which was to cleanse the form from the “dust of content.” He still continued to perceive himself as a poet of “Departing Rus'.” In his poems there appeared motifs of everyday life “destroyed by a storm”, drunken prowess, which is replaced by hysterical melancholy. The poet appears as a brawler, a hooligan, a drunkard with a bloody soul, wandering from den to den, where he is surrounded by “alien and laughing rabble” (collections “Moscow tavern”, “Confession of a hooligan” and “Poems of a brawler”).

In 1920, her three-year marriage to Z. Reich broke up. Sergei Yesenin's children each followed their own path: Konstantin became a famous football statistician, and Tatyana became the director of her father's museum and a member of the Writers' Union.

Isadora Duncan and Sergei Yesenin

In 1921, Yesenin met the dancer Isadora Duncan. She did not speak Russian, the poet, who read a lot and was highly educated, did not know foreign languages, but from the first meeting, when looking at the dance of this woman, Sergei Yesenin was irreversibly drawn to her. The couple, in which Isadora was 18 years older, was not stopped by the age difference. She most often called her beloved “angel,” and he called her “Isidora.” Isadora's spontaneity and her fiery dances drove Yesenin crazy. She perceived him as a weak and unprotected child, treated Sergei with reverent tenderness, and even over time learned a dozen Russian words. In Russia, Isadora’s career did not work out because the Soviet authorities did not provide the field of activity that she expected. The couple registered their marriage and took the common surname Duncan-Yesenin.

After the wedding, Yesenin and his wife traveled a lot around Europe, visiting France, Germany, Canada, Italy, Belgium, and the USA. Duncan tried in every possible way to create PR for her husband: she organized translations of his poems and their publication, organized poetry evenings, but abroad he was recognized exclusively as an addition to a famous dancer. The poet was sad, felt unclaimed, unwanted, and became depressed. Yesenin began to drink, and frequent heartbreaking quarrels with departures and subsequent reconciliations occurred between the spouses. Over time, Yesenin’s attitude towards his wife, in whom he no longer saw an ideal, but an ordinary aging woman, changed. He still got drunk, occasionally beat Isadora, and complained to his friends that she was stuck to him and wouldn’t leave. The couple broke up in 1923, Yesenin returned to Moscow.

The last years of Yesenin's creativity

In his subsequent work, the poet very critically denounces the Soviet regime (“Country of Scoundrels,” 1925). After this, the persecution of the poet begins, accusing him of fighting and drunkenness. The last two years of my life were spent in regular travel; Sergei Yesenin is a Russian poet, hiding from judicial persecution, traveling to the Caucasus three times, traveling to Leningrad and constantly visiting Konstantinovo, never breaking ties with him.

During this period, the works “Poem of 26”, “Persian Motifs”, “Anna Snegina”, “The Golden Grove Dissuaded” were published. In the poems, the main place is still occupied by the theme of the homeland, now acquiring shades of drama. This period of lyricism is increasingly marked by autumn landscapes, motifs of drawing conclusions and farewells.

Goodbye, my friend, goodbye...

In the fall of 1925, the poet, trying to start again family life, combined with marriage to Sofia Andreevna, the granddaughter of Leo Tolstoy. But this union was not happy. Sergei Yesenin's life was going downhill: alcohol addiction, depression, pressure from leadership circles caused his wife to place the poet in a neuropsychiatric hospital. Only a narrow circle of people knew about this, but there were well-wishers who contributed to the establishment of round-the-clock surveillance of the clinic. The security officers began to demand from P.B. Gannushkin, a professor at this clinic, to extradite Yesenin. The latter refused, and Yesenin, having waited for an opportune moment, interrupted the course of treatment and, in a crowd of visitors, left the psychoneurological institution and left for Leningrad.

On December 14, I finished work on the poem “The Black Man,” which I spent 2 years on. The work was published after the poet’s death. On December 27, his final work “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye” was published from the pen of Sergei Yesenin. The life and work of Sergei Yesenin was coming to a terrible and incomprehensible end. The Russian poet died, whose body was found hanged in the Angleterre Hotel on the night of December 28, 1925.

On Sergei Yesenin’s birthday, people gather to honor his memory in all corners of Russia, but the most large-scale events take place in his native Konstantinov, where thousands of admirers of the poet’s work come from all over the world.

The work of Sergei Yesenin, uniquely bright and deep, has now firmly entered our literature and enjoys great success among numerous readers. The poet's poems are full of heartfelt warmth and sincerity, passionate love for the boundless expanses of his native fields, the “inexhaustible sadness” of which he was able to convey so emotionally and so loudly.

Sergei Yesenin entered our literature as an outstanding lyricist. It is in the lyrics that everything that makes up the soul of Yesenin’s creativity is expressed. It contains the full-blooded, sparkling joy of a young man rediscovering amazing world, subtly feeling the fullness of earthly charm, and the deep tragedy of a person who remained for too long in the “narrow gap” of old feelings and views. And, if in best poems Sergei Yesenin - “flood” of the most secret, most intimate human feelings, they are filled to the brim with the freshness of the paintings native nature, then in his other works there is despair, decay, hopeless sadness. Sergei Yesenin is, first of all, a singer of Rus', and in his poems, sincere and frank in Russian, we feel the beating of a restless, tender heart. They have a “Russian spirit”, they “smell of Russia”. They absorbed the great traditions of national poetry, the traditions of Pushkin, Nekrasov, Blok.

Even in Yesenin’s love lyrics, the theme of love merges with the theme of the Motherland. The author of "Persian Motifs" is convinced of the fragility of serene happiness far from his native land. And the main character of the cycle becomes distant Russia: “No matter how beautiful Shiraz is, it is no better than the expanses of Ryazan.” Yesenin greeted the October Revolution with joy and warm sympathy. Together with Blok and Mayakovsky, he took her side without hesitation. The works written by Yesenin at that time ("Transfiguration", "Inonia", "Heavenly Drummer") are imbued with rebellious sentiments. The poet is captured by the storm of the revolution, its greatness and strives for something new, for the future. In one of his works, Yesenin exclaimed: “My mother is my homeland, I am a Bolshevik!” But Yesenin, as he himself wrote, perceived the revolution in his own way, “with a peasant bias,” “more spontaneously than consciously.” This left a special imprint on the poet’s work and largely predetermined his future path. The poet's ideas about the purpose of the revolution, about the future, about socialism were characteristic. In the poem "Inonia" he depicts the future as a kind of idyllic kingdom of peasant prosperity; socialism seems to him a blissful "peasant paradise."

Such ideas were reflected in other works of Yesenin of that time:

I see you, green fields,
With a herd of dun horses.
With a shepherd's pipe in the willows
Apostle Andrew wanders.

But the fantastic visions of peasant Inonia, naturally, were not destined to come true. The revolution was led by the proletariat, the village was led by the city. “After all, the socialism that is coming is completely different from what I thought,” Yesenin declares in one of his letters from that time. Yesenin begins to curse the “iron guest”, bringing death to the patriarchal village way of life, and to mourn the old, passing “wooden Rus'”. This explains the inconsistency of Yesenin’s poetry, who went through a difficult path from the singer of patriarchal, impoverished, dispossessed Russia to the singer of socialist Russia, Leninist Russia. After Yesenin’s trip abroad and to the Caucasus, a turning point occurs in the poet’s life and work and a new period is designated. She makes him fall in love with his socialist fatherland more deeply and strongly and appreciate everything that happens in it differently."...I fell even more in love with communist construction," Yesenin wrote upon returning to his homeland in the essay "Iron Mirgorod." Already in the cycle “Love of a Hooligan,” written immediately upon arrival from abroad, the mood of loss and hopelessness is replaced by hope for happiness, faith in love and the future. The wonderful poem “A blue fire swept up...”, full of self-condemnation, pure and tender love, gives a clear idea of ​​the new motives in Yesenin’s lyrics:

A blue fire began to sweep,
Forgotten relatives.
For the first time I sang about love,
For the first time I refuse to make a scandal.
I was all like a neglected garden,
He was averse to women and potions.
I stopped liking singing and dancing
And lose your life without looking back.

Yesenin's work is one of the brightest, deeply moving pages in the history of Russian literature. Yesenin's era has receded into the past, but his poetry continues to live, awakening a feeling of love for his native land, for everything close and different. We are concerned about the sincerity and spirituality of the poet, for whom Rus' was the most precious thing on the entire planet.