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​It is prepared in the following proportion: 1 tsp of rotted humus + 1 tsp of high-quality garden or forest soil + 1 tsp of sand. This composition must be mixed and then sifted using a sieve with cells of about 8 mm. Add 100 g of ordinary chalk (which is used at school) or crushed egg shells (also 100 g) to each bucket of prepared soil. 100 g of ash is poured into the same bucket.

Differences in the purpose of a greenhouse and a greenhouse

​Use a timer and twilight sensor to extend daylight hours for plants;​

​After the roof, we fasten the walls of the shelter. Lastly, we install the ends, cut through the doors and vents. We finish the glazing by sealing all the cracks with silicone sealant or construction foam.​

​We begin assembling the frame by installing the support columns of the side and end walls, or in the case of an arched structure, installing the arches. It is better to weld the frame to the foundation guides - it will be stronger.​

​Profile pipes​

​Let’s make a reservation in advance: this article will consider the construction of a polycarbonate greenhouse. Film greenhouses are built in almost the same way, but this is a topic for a separate article.​

​The pipe must be welded to the wall of the tank, which will become the future chimney. The lid, which needs to be made from the top of the cylinder, should have its edges secured. To make cleaning the oven more convenient, the outer sides should be supplemented with two studs, which will make it possible to make a base.​

Location of beds and passages

​shovel.​

​http://youtu.be/x08X1OBwfhs​

1. Layout of beds. Option 2.​
2. ​The arrangement of a greenhouse should include the use of its space with maximum benefit. Each option for the location of beds, paths, auxiliary structures and equipment has its own pros and cons. The choice of the optimal solution depends on the design of the structure, the type of plants grown and the capabilities of the owner.​
3. ​After mixing the composition, be sure to steam it to destroy all excess (weeds, microbes). To do this, place a herring jar with many holes in it upside down in an iron bucket and pour 2 liters. water. Fill the bucket to the top with the prepared mixture and put it on the fire. Let it steam for about an hour and a half. Then pour the prepared soil into some container to cool and fill in the next part. This way you can prepare soil for the entire garden bed, but it is better to do this in advance, because a large greenhouse requires a lot of soil.​
4. ​The level of the beds should be 15-30 cm above ground level;​

​Pay attention! When building a greenhouse as a “house,” be sure to measure the diagonals along the top. The deviation should not exceed 2 cm. Advice! Before installing the arches of the arched structure, draw the first and last arches on the polycarbonate with a marker. This will make it easier to make the ends.​

Height and formation of beds

​So, we build a polycarbonate greenhouse with our own hands.​

​http://youtu.be/ZPylmcmvQZ8​

​The internal structure of a greenhouse or greenhouse should provide the most favorable conditions for the development and maturation of the plant. The placement of beds, shelving, equipment and inventory is carried out taking into account creating convenience for the gardener’s work.​

The height of the beds also affects the yield. They should rise above the ground level by at least 30-60 cm. The soil at an elevation warms up faster in the spring due to the sun's rays and warm air currents. It is also more convenient to care for plants planted at this level. A thicker fertile layer promotes better plant development.​

​In a greenhouse, heating occurs naturally, but in a greenhouse you will have to build additional heating elements that must maintain a temperature of 13 to 25 ° C.​

Soil preparation ("pillow")

Soil for cucumbers can be prepared as follows:

The width of the beds in the greenhouse should not exceed 1 m;

​In general, the polycarbonate greenhouse is ready. Now all that remains is to equip it from the inside.​

​We weld the upper and lower frame trim. In an arched structure there are frame lintels. At this point, the frame of the arched structure is already ready. In other structures we make a roof.​

​Galvanized profiles​

Installing shelving in a greenhouse

​Greenhouses inside are often equipped with stoves with a heat exchanger, which also serve for irrigation. The design can be made using a pair of barrels, in the first of which combustion will take place, and the second will serve as a heat exchanger.​

​It is important to equip the greenhouse with an additional heating system if the structure is intended to be used in winter.​

​Every summer resident thinks about the question of how to equip a greenhouse.​

​If you are planning to plant seedlings of early ripening crops in a greenhouse, you need to protect the plants from lower temperatures. In this case, the height of the bed is made at least 80 cm, and fences made of boards are installed for insulation.

​Unlike a greenhouse, a greenhouse is a more permanent structure for growing lemons, tall cucumbers, tomatoes, flowers and other plants. A greenhouse is a small-sized structure, most often used for preparing seedlings that will subsequently be planted in open ground. Only early-ripening crops (radish, lettuce, etc.) undergo the entire development cycle in a greenhouse.

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Arrangement of a greenhouse and greenhouse

​Option 1: 4 hours of humus + 6 hours of loamy soil;​

​The width of the passages between the beds should be sufficient for the passage of a small wheelbarrow;​

​Arrangement of a polycarbonate greenhouse inside is a very important stage of its construction.​

​Before installing the rafters, you should consider the following point: if you plan to irrigate using the sprinkler method, you may need to lay transverse beams to secure the irrigation system. If the linear dimensions of the greenhouse are relatively small (up to 6 m on one side), then there is no special need for beams because Irrigation and lighting systems are mounted on cables.​

​When choosing the design of a future building, first of all you need to correctly assess your capabilities. So, for example, if you do not have access to a pipe bender and the skills to bend a profile pipe with large radius arcs, then it is better to forget about the arched and, especially, spherical design. If your budget is limited, then it is also better to immediately abandon aluminum profiles.​

To obtain a heating structure, you will need 2 barrels that have thick walls. The capacity of one barrel should be 200 liters, the second - 50 liters. Square-shaped washing machine casings are ideal for this.​

​So, if you decide to build a massive wood-burning stove, it is preferable to build it with a hog, which is a horizontal pipe with a rise. In order to build such a stove, you need to use 2 iron pipes, a couple of iron plates from stoves and about 400 pieces. stove brick.​

Tools and materials

• ​When setting up a greenhouse, you should make two beds on the sides, and the widest one in the middle, since it will be accessible from both sides.​
• ​The disadvantage of high beds is the need for more frequent watering; they have increased drainage properties.​
• ​For plants that require warmer conditions for ripening, greenhouse structures with artificial heating systems are needed.​
• Option 2: 3 parts of humus + 3 parts of peat + 4 parts of loamy soil;
• ​When arranging irrigation, be sure to take into account that different plants “love” different types of irrigation and different amounts of water.​
• ​It can also be broken down into several steps:​

Greenhouse heating systems

​Aluminum profiles​

​For ease of selection, we list all possible greenhouse designs:​​The top of the barrel should be cut off. From the smaller one you need to make a lid, securing the edges with reinforcement. Next, you should weld the handle and make legs from 3 corners, the length of which should be 12 cm.​

​If the arrangement of a polycarbonate greenhouse requires the presence of a furnace, you will first need to equip the base for it, which will be a monolithic structure. The inside of the greenhouse can be equipped with a concrete foundation, which can be replaced by two slabs firmly connected to each other, using a pipe frame as a connection.​

​Arranging a polycarbonate greenhouse inside is very important. It is not enough to choose the right material for a building. And even if you decide to use polycarbonate - a material that can create an ideal microclimate, optimal levels of humidity and temperature - there must still be the correct number of beds in the greenhouse.​

​Not only the location and height of the beds is important, but also their preservation of the given shape. To prevent the soil from crumbling, sides made of various materials are used to delimit the rows. More often, boards are used for this, but this material rots quickly and only lasts one season.​

Option 3: 2 parts humus + 1 part peat + 4 parts loamy soil + 1 part sawdust

​Heating device;​

Advice! Tighten all necessary cables and braces before starting glazing.​

​. High price. Mostly sold in sets. They do not oxidize or rot. Low availability when replacing failed parts with your own hands.​

​Single slope

Alternative stove options

​Using a grinder, you should cut a partition from a sheet of metal to mount the camera. You need to cut a 6cm hole in the center. Next, you need to insert a slightly smaller tank inside, in which you have to drill a hole equal to 6 cm. The partition should be laid in the shape of a triangle of rods. The support should have a height of 15 cm, this stand should be installed on the bottom of a larger barrel.​

​The top of the firebox should be equipped with a pair of pipes that will allow air to pass inside. The draft will be created due to the rarefied air in the greenhouse, which will be used to burn wood. It is important to ensure that the cleaning door is tightly closed. From the greenhouse, air will pass into the blower chamber through side pipes that will connect to the channels; air will enter the latter through the air intake, warming the soil in the beds located on the sides.​

​After all, an excess of them can cause negative mutual influence of plants, and a deficiency will make the greenhouse a structure that takes up extra space on the site and does not use its full potential. So, as a rule, there are two beds in a greenhouse, and the path left between them should be such that a wheelbarrow could be driven along it. If you can fit three beds in a greenhouse or greenhouse, the middle one should be the widest, since it will have two-way access.​

​In the factory version, the sides are made of aluminum. They are sometimes included with the purchased prefabricated greenhouse. They can last for several decades. For these purposes, slate and metal profiles are also used, and old car tires are used.​

​It is necessary to arrange the inside of the greenhouse taking into account the purpose of its use. The room can be planned for growing vegetables in the ground or preparing seedlings on shelves or in pots. It can reach three or more meters in height.​

Furnace with heat exchanger

​It is advisable to steam the finished mixture as described above.​

​We hope that our article will help you successfully build a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands.​

​Lighting production;​

​We weld the roof rafters and weld in the necessary spacers. The installation of rafters should begin with the two outermost ones. Then a thread is stretched between them to control the height of the others. The installation pitch of the rafters under the polycarbonate roof is 60 cm.​

​A lot depends on the correct choice of location for the greenhouse. This includes the amount of light and heat that the plants will receive, the ease of movement between the house and the greenhouse, the ease of supplying water and electricity, and much more.​

- usually this form is used in wall-mounted greenhouses;

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Building a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands: useful tips and tricks

​http://youtu.be/c_loKQRz9VY​

​A water tank should be placed above the firebox, which will ensure the availability of warm water in early spring, which can be used for irrigation, and on hot days this water will become a source of additional moisture for peppers and cucumbers. This stove is serviced from the street.​

We build a greenhouse from start to finish

​The best height of the beds - from 30 to 60 cm - will allow the soil to warm up quite quickly.​

• ​You can purchase frame borders made of galvanized iron or polycarbonate in gardening stores. These are collapsible devices, covered with a special polymer coating and are rust-proof during long-term use. For low embankments, soft strip borders are used. They are cheap, practical to use and create a pleasant appearance in a variety of colors.​
• ​The greenhouse cover usually rises above the ground by no more than 1.5 m. Another difference between a greenhouse is that it is heated naturally: by the sun's rays and the heat generated by the oxidation of plant residues and manure. Setting up a greenhouse is much easier than setting up a greenhouse. There are no special differences in the formation of beds and the location of passages in both structures.​
• ​It is better to grow vegetables of the same family in greenhouses, because they require similar conditions for their care. If you plant cucumbers and tomatoes together, then in different parts of the greenhouse and create an insulating partition in the middle.​
• ​Are you happy that your beloved husband finally built a greenhouse (or installed a ready-made one)? Wait. A beautiful cap does not mean that the plants under it will “overwhelm” you with an unprecedented harvest. To do this, a lot still needs to be done inside the structure: create an optimal regime, correctly position the beds, “prepare” the soil, etc. In a word, arrange the inside of the greenhouse. And this is what you and I will do.​
• ​Arrangement of beds;​
• ​Pay attention! It is very important to maintain the 2.1 m size between every fourth rafters - polycarbonate will be joined on these rafters.​

​The greenhouse is best placed in a well-lit place, with one of the long sides facing south. It is advisable to have bushes or other buildings near the north side for protection from the wind. Proximity to a garden, running water and electricity is also of no small importance.​

​Gable​

​Under the partition you need to make a box necessary for collecting combustion products. For a box in the wall of a larger tank, you need to cut a hole 30x13 cm. You need to weld the box to the hole, and weld a pipe into its central part. Arranging a greenhouse with such a design will not only heat it, but also provide watering.​

Choosing the design and materials for the building

​The greenhouse can be equipped with another version of the stove, which will operate on wood and wood chips. This design includes a fuel compartment, above which there is a second bottom, a hole with a door, and also a blower. The stove has a lid and a chimney with a valve. You can load fuel into the stove to 2/3 of the volume of the firebox. In order to equip a greenhouse with such a stove, you should use a thick-walled pipe with a diameter of 40 cm.​

• ​The “cushion” soil is laid in three layers, the first is wood chips, then food waste (vegetable peelings) and lastly sawdust.​ ​It is more practical to select the design of a greenhouse or hotbed based on the types and number of plants intended to be grown. But if you have already built a structure or it is of a standard shape, then the beds in it will have to be adapted to the existing conditions.​
• The earth is poured onto the beds in a layer of about 25 cm so that it gradually settles to 20 cm.​The arrangement of the interior space will depend on how the owner plans to use her greenhouse: to lay out beds and grow vegetables or put up shelving and grow seedlings, potted plants, ornamental shrubs, etc. Based on this, greenhouse structures are divided into ground and shelved . Let's look at how to arrange a greenhouse of one and two types inside.
• ​Irrigation device.​​So, the frame is ready. Before starting glazing, it must be painted with oil paint in 2-3 layers so that the pipe does not oxidize. Happy owners of sets made of aluminum and galvanized profiles are spared this need.​
• ​, or standard “house” - the most common form of buildings;​

​Building a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands is, in general, not difficult if you have basic construction skills. But what to do if you have the skills, but have never had to build greenhouses? Then our tips on building a polycarbonate greenhouse will help you.​

• ​It will be used to make a fuel tank, and when installing a chimney, a 10 cm pipe should be used. Next, you can prepare black tin or sheet steel, the thickness of which should be 5 mm or more. The next step will be the manufacture of a fuel tank, for this you need to cut a hole in the upper part of the pipe, the diameter of which should be equal to 10 cm. In order to eliminate the flow of dirt from the beds onto the path, you should install curbs, which can be tiles, edges stones or boards. Racks and shelves will help you use free space as economically as possible. They are installed in polycarbonate greenhouses using metal or wood; the metal must first be painted, and the wood must be treated with antiseptics, which will help protect the materials from moisture.​

​To speed up the growth of plants, the beds in the greenhouse are “insulated” by equipping a kind of “cushion”. It is an organic mass that releases heat during decomposition. Horse manure has the best heat release properties.​

• ​There are several options for arranging beds, from which the gardener must choose the most suitable one for his greenhouse or greenhouse and the plants being planted.​ ​For summer residents who plan to grow seedlings or seedlings, a rack-type design is suitable. Such a greenhouse is equipped to the maximum inside; all possible free space in several rows is occupied by shelves and racks. It is convenient to place household equipment under multi-story structures. If the owner is engaged in growing potted plants and indoor flowers, then it is better to create racks with low sides (it is easier to install capillary irrigation pipes to them). For picking seedlings or rooting cuttings, you need high sides.​
• ​In a ground greenhouse, the first thing to do is plan the beds: how many there will be, what size they will be, and what you plan to grow.​ ​All steps must be performed in exactly this order, otherwise you will have to redo a lot. For example, the construction of beds in a polycarbonate greenhouse cannot be done before the heating and lighting systems are manufactured, and watering (especially drip irrigation) must be arranged after the beds are ready.​
• ​Assembling the frame by welding​​Since we are building a greenhouse from polycarbonate, when choosing the size of the building we should focus on the size of the sheets. Typically, cellular polycarbonate is supplied in sheets measuring 2.1 x 6.0 m. Sheets 12m long are less common. This means that when building a greenhouse (especially for an arched structure), its length must be a multiple of 2.1 m.​

Choosing a place for construction and the size of the building

​Arched​

​If we talk about the greenhouse heating system, most work on solar heating, but sometimes stove heating is also necessary (for greenhouses used in industry). The mentioned heating option can be replaced with a heated floor system, which will save space.​

Components such as finely chopped wood chips, food waste (potato peels, peelings of other vegetables, etc.) and sawdust are used to make the “pillow.” The composition is laid in three layers in the order listed.​

Setting up the foundation

Layout of beds. Option 1.​

​In the photo of the greenhouse inside you can see examples of different shelving arrangements. This is because each owner adjusts their height to his own height. Therefore, the general rule for shelving structures is only the width: it should not exceed 95 cm if it is located against the wall, and 1.5 m if it is in the center. Shelves of greater width are inconvenient, since you cannot reach the outermost plants.​

​Based on the size of the greenhouse, you can divide the land into 2-3 beds. The maximum width of one bed is 1.2 m. With this width it is convenient to care for plants while standing on the path. If the bed is wider, then in order to reach distant plants, you will be forced to step on the soil, thereby compacting it. And neither you (you will have to move the soil more often) nor the plants need compaction (air circulation in the soil layer worsens, and the roots lack oxygen). Therefore, plan the bed based on your own height: if you can reach within a meter radius with a hoe, make the bed one meter tall. If you reach less, do less.​

​The internal structure of a polycarbonate greenhouse is a topic for a separate article.​

​Cut the necessary fragments from the sheets. It is better to cut the fragments with a margin of 1-2 cm; if necessary, they will be trimmed, and if there is not enough material, it will be a shame.​

Assembling the frame

​Pay attention! Polycarbonate bends only to a certain radius, which depends on its thickness. Therefore, when calculating the dimensions of an arched structure, pay special attention to this.​

​– a convenient form for quick construction of greenhouses and reducing the amount of polycarbonate trimmings;​

​In general, the construction of a polycarbonate greenhouse consists of the following stages:​

​After this, you can make the bottom of the stove, for which you need to cut a circle out of steel so that it has the same diameter as the firebox. In order to maintain the dimensions, you should make markings by placing the pipe on a sheet and circling it with a marker. The circle can be obtained using a grinder. In the central part of the circle you need to make a hole of 8 cm. The next step is to cut approximately 50 longitudinal lines in the pipe, the diameter of which can vary from 0.8 to 1 mm.​

​boards;​

The soil of the greenhouse must be fertilized, retain water well and be free from insect pests. The prepared soil composition can be purchased at a specialized store or prepared independently. To do this, mix garden soil, river sand, humus and peat in a ratio of 1:1:2:5. To improve the quality of the greenhouse soil, this mixture is added to the soil at a rate of 3 kg/m3

​In narrow and long greenhouses, beds about 1 m wide are placed on the sides, leaving a convenient passage for caring for plants. If the transverse size of the room does not allow making the paths in the greenhouse comfortable enough, it is better to sacrifice the width of the beds. Even if there is not enough space for the third row of beds in the greenhouse, the first two can compensate for this with a larger harvest. With less shading of plants, they will receive a larger portion of light.​

​And choose the height this way: measure the height of the work surfaces in the kitchen. If you are comfortable cooking food at such a height, then it will also be okay to tinker with plants. The greenhouse can have shelves at a different height, because the space up to the ceiling allows you to place several rows. But the row where you will move the plants, replant, etc. must correspond to your height, otherwise back problems will not be avoided.​

​In small greenhouses, two beds are arranged along the length of the structure, and a path is left in the middle. The minimum width of the path is half a meter. This is enough to transport crops and weeds in a wheelbarrow, carry water in buckets without clinging to the plants. You can, of course, make a meter-long one, but then a lot of useful space will disappear. Try not to go beyond 50-70 cm.​

We make glazing

A greenhouse made of polycarbonate is a fairly light structure, so it does not require a massive foundation. After marking, we dig trenches 40-45 cm deep and 25-30 cm wide. The formwork for pouring should be raised above ground level by 30-50 cm.​

​Polygonal​

​Choice of building design;​

​Then you can insert the pipe into the bottom of the furnace and weld the elements. Next, you need to make covers from steel; this element can have a round or polygonal shape. At its central point, a hole should be made equal to the diameter of the pipe so that the roof can fit flush onto the pipe. Then you need to make another hole, placing it closer to the edge, which will ensure oxygen enters the oven.​

​pipes;​

Another composition that increases the nutritional properties of the soil is mixed from straw cuttings, manure and decomposed peat (1: 1: 2). 2 kg of sodium chloride, 3 kg of superphosphate and 300 g of urea per 1 m3 are also added to the mixture. The resulting fertilizer is poured in a layer of up to 18 cm, then garden soil is added until the height of the bed reaches 25 cm. Before planting seedlings, you can additionally fertilize the soil with superphosphate (30 g/m3) and sodium sulfate 20 g/m3.​

​Three beds with two aisles. A more convenient option for processing the outer rows, but inside the greenhouse, the paths take up even more space. The middle row can be made 1.5 m wide, the side rows - no less than 45 cm and no more than 95 cm. The width of the passage should be at least 60 cm, it is better to pave it with boards or bricks.​

​There can be 1 or 2 passages. The width depends on whether you will walk in the greenhouse with a wheelbarrow or not. For walking, 40 cm is enough, for a wheelbarrow - at least half a meter.​

​If width allows, divide the space into three beds. At the same time, maintain the proportions: near the walls of the greenhouse, the beds should not be more than a meter wide, and the central one can be made one and a half meters wide. There will be passages on both sides of it, so you can reach the plants in any case. The passages can be made the same, half a meter each, but then a whole meter of area is “wasted.” If you make it narrow, you won’t be able to squeeze through with a wheelbarrow. Make a compromise: make one passage (closer to the exit) large, and the second narrow, only for walking. To make it convenient to transfer weeds to the wheelbarrow from any corner, make 1-2 transverse passes in the central bed. To do this, place a board or a couple of bricks directly on the soil.​

​It is better to place the heating boiler inside, and the fuel tank outside the room;​

Setting up a greenhouse inside

Advice! First draw the cutting of the sheets on paper.​

• ​– more suitable for winter gardens and greenhouses.​
• ​Choosing a site for construction;​
• ​Then you should make a damper, for which you will need to equip the metal lid for rolling up glass jars with a pair of handle-brackets for convenience, using ordinary metal rods. Now you can begin installing the chimney; to do this, you need to connect the pipe and the pipe with a clamp, and the pipe itself should be welded to the upper side element of the stove.​
• ​slab;​

​http://youtu.be/UPt9rBIbW-4​

​A wide bed in the middle and two narrow ones at the edges. This placement increases the usable area compared to the previous option, but the greenhouse or hotbed in this case must have a larger width.​

​To germinate seeds, a small area with lighting is equipped in one corner and insulated with glass.​

• ​Convenient arrangement of a greenhouse inside is impossible without creating reliable passages. An increased level of humidity affects the paths: drops of moisture will make them slippery. And if you leave the passages earthen, then when watering there will be puddles on them, which is also inconvenient. Therefore, the coating for the paths must be selected in a way that will not slip even when wet. For example, a convenient option would be brick, cut into pieces and laid flat.​
• ​All heating pipes must pass above ground level;​
• ​Before installing the polycarbonate, be sure to seal the ends with special tape. It is sold with it.​
• ​We reinforce the concrete with a three-layer mesh of reinforcement with a diameter of 6-8 mm. The mesh cell dimensions are 15 cm. We pour concrete along the edges of the formwork, tamp it with an internal vibrator or just a shovel. After the concrete has hardened (from a week to two, depending on the weather), the foundation is ready.​
• The following types are used as materials for the frame of polycarbonate greenhouses:
• ​Foundation construction;​
• The chimney must be placed on the pipe, sealing the joints with a heat insulator. In the upper part it is necessary to tighten it with a strip of metal. In a greenhouse, such a stove should be installed on a support made of a metal profile. 3-4 metal profiles need to be welded to the structure.​
• ​brick;​
• ​If a polycarbonate greenhouse is planned to be used for growing and storing seedlings, shelving will be installed inside the building. This type of room arrangement is also done for flower gardens and growing potted plants. Multi-tiered shelving allows you to save useful space in the structure. Hard-to-reach upper and lower tiers are used for storing household equipment.​
• ​Pyramid beds. Low-growing plants with root systems located close to the surface are planted at different levels. More often, this placement is used for growing strawberries and wild strawberries.​

​In rack greenhouses it is worth setting aside space for plants that you will isolate from the rest for a while. This is especially true for indoor plants. The purchased “newbie” is not placed with everyone else, because there is no guarantee that the plant is not sick or the soil is not contaminated with pest eggs. Therefore, it is necessary to wait a certain period of time after placing the flower in the quarantine zone. This should be a small area on a shelf that can accommodate 1-2 potted plants, fenced on all sides with glass. An ordinary 100 liter aquarium is very convenient for this purpose. Be sure to place it in the most shaded area so that the plants do not burn from the heat. The top of the aquarium should be tightly closed with a lid. Sometimes you will have to ventilate the quarantine zone. At this time, it is better to remove the aquarium from the greenhouse to exclude the possibility of infection.​

​If you have already decided on a greenhouse, then the beds must be created in such a way that the soil is excellent, the water does not stand, and frost cannot reach the seedlings through the ground. Only raised beds have these qualities, the minimum height of which from the ground surface is 20 cm. How to make them?​

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​Before winter it is necessary to pressure test the heating system;​

Video of construction and arrangement of a greenhouse with your own hands

​Pay attention! One of the ends should be sealed with perforated tape.​

Organization of space in soil-type greenhouses

Laying out the beds

​Tree​

​Assembling the frame;​

Selecting track surfaces

​cement;​

Creating a soil layer

The height of the shelving is decided by the gardener based on his own convenience. The recommended width of the shelves is up to 90 cm. When the rack is located between two tracks - up to 150 cm. It is important to ensure the stability of the structures and the safety of the tracks.​

​Landing across a slope. If the greenhouse soil has a slope, the beds are arranged in a transverse direction. This arrangement is effective due to the uniform incidence of sunlight on the plants.​

​After a couple of weeks, the pot is taken out and placed on a common rack.​

Soil for tomatoes and peppers

​On the sides of the paths it is necessary to make a fence from boards, the width of which is 25 cm. It will serve as a border for the soil, will not allow it to crumble, and it is more convenient to care for the raised bed. The boards are placed on edge, pegs are driven in nearby, which will hold the curb in a vertical position, preventing it from moving under the pressure of the bulk earth. You can nail the boards to the support, or you can drive pegs on both sides of the board.​

​For lighting it is best to use special lamps (sodium, high pressure);​

Soil for cucumbers and zucchini

​We screw the polycarbonate to the greenhouse frame. You should start from the roof and from one end to the other. To connect the sheets together, be sure to use a special connecting profile.​

• ​Pay attention! For the convenience of further construction, the frame guides should be immediately concreted into the foundation. A layer of waterproofing must be laid on top of the foundation.​
• ​. More suitable for temporary shelters due to rapid rotting. High availability. Minimum price.​
• ​Glazing;​

​Setting up a greenhouse may involve installing a sawdust stove, which will be an extremely profitable option since fuel is a cheap material and because the stove can be easily made from what is available, such as pipes, barrels and gas cylinders. The latter option will also be the most convenient, since a conical pipe will not be required to put fuel into the cylinder, and cleaning the stove from combustion products will be more convenient. In order to equip a stove inside a greenhouse, you should use a gas cylinder whose walls are 5 m.​

​sand;​

​A separate quarantine zone is set up in the rack greenhouse. Only received plants are placed in it for up to 2 weeks. Seedlings are observed to identify diseases and determine the “purity” of the soil. For quarantine, a small area of ​​the rack is allocated for several pots. The plants are hermetically sealed with glass; you can use an old aquarium for this.​

Organization of space inside a rack greenhouse

​In small greenhouses, two beds with one aisle are usually arranged. The width of the path should ensure free movement of the wheelbarrow. If the plants being grown are not tall, the beds are traditionally directed from north to south. Tall crops are planted in rows from east to west. With this direction, the low morning rays of the sun penetrate through the rows and illuminate the bushes evenly.​

We place the racks correctly

​If you attach a small vestibule to the greenhouse, it will act as an air gap between the air from the street and the greenhouse air, and the place where equipment is stored. Place a cabinet there that can be locked with a key, and hide liquid fertilizers, preparations for exterminating pests, etc. This way you isolate harmful “chemicals” from children and pets. The cabinet can also be placed under the shelves if a vestibule is not provided.​

​Now all that remains is to fill the bed with soil. Light greenhouses are suitable for greenhouses, with good soil ventilation, which do not contain weed seeds and harmful bacteria, but contain many useful substances. The most convenient option would be purchased soil. You will immediately buy it for the type of vegetables that will sit in the garden. If this option is expensive, prepare the soil yourself, deciding in advance which vegetable will grow where. For different types of plants, the soil mixture should be different.

​All electrical connections must be sealed;​

​Pay attention! To prevent the self-tapping screws from pushing through the polycarbonate, use special washers.​

Construction of a quarantine zone

​The frame is the main part of the greenhouse. A lot, if not everything, depends on its strength and stability. Therefore, you need to be very careful in assembling it.​

Arrangement of the vestibule

​Interior arrangement.​

teplicamig.ru

​To begin with, you should cut off the top of the balloon, from which you can later make a lid. In the upper part you need to cut a 10 cm hole necessary for installing the pipe, the lower part needs to be equipped with a hole whose diameter is 5 cm. It is also necessary to strengthen the perforated pipe here. The top should be hermetically sealed.​

Polycarbonate greenhouses are widely represented in the retail chain - for every taste and size. But many people prefer to do them themselves. Because a greenhouse made of polycarbonate with your own hands is much stronger and more reliable. At the same time, the costs are less or the same.

How to choose a design

If you decide to build a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands, it is advisable to choose a design that allows you to use the main advantage of this material - its ability to bend. These are two types with curved roofs with arch-shaped supports.

In one design, the arcs extend from the ground itself. If they are curved in the form of a radius, a lot of area is lost at the edges, since it is very inconvenient to work there due to the small height.

Another design solves this problem - with a composite frame welded from several pieces. Straight posts emerge from the ground/from the base, which rise to a height of at least one and a half meters. An arc is welded to them. With this arrangement, the roof is rounded and the walls are straight. You can even work along walls without problems, standing up straight to your full height.

But the rounded greenhouse roof has several disadvantages. The first is that it is more difficult to make ventilation windows in it than in a straight line. The problem can be solved by making transoms in the walls rather than in the roof. The second disadvantage of a rounded roof in a polycarbonate greenhouse is that snow falls off from it worse than from flat, sloping surfaces. If you live in a region with snowy winters, you will either have to make reinforced trusses, or make a pitched roof - with one or two slopes.

There is a third solution - to make a rounded part of the roof from two arches, welded at an angle, which forms a kind of ridge. With this structure, the snow melts well and the ridge can be protected with a wide strip of metal. This will improve snow melting and protect the joint from leaks.

DIY polycarbonate greenhouse: material for the frame

The choice of materials for the frame is not very large. Profiled (rectangular) pipes, a metal corner and a wooden beam are suitable. Galvanized profiles for drywall are also used.

Wood

The timber is used for small greenhouses, and the design is chosen with a pitched or gable roof, since bending arches from wood is difficult and time-consuming. The cross-section of the beam depends on the size of the greenhouse and snow/wind loads in the region. The most popular size is 50*50 mm. Such supports are installed in the Middle Zone. For greater reliability, corner posts can be made from 100*100 mm timber.

Moreover, to save money, you can not buy timber, but make it composite - from boards. Take two boards 50 mm wide and 25 mm thick, three boards 15 mm thick. Fold, knock down on both sides with nails. The resulting racks are stronger, better bear loads, and are less subject to torsion, since the wood fibers are directed in different directions.

Another option - larger size

If you are building a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands on a wooden frame, all boards/timbers must be treated/impregnated with antiseptics, and those intended for the street. The ends that are buried in the ground should be treated with compounds for direct contact with the ground. Without such treatment, the wood, firstly, will quickly deteriorate, and secondly, it can become a source of plant diseases.

When connecting the posts to the trim (bottom strip), use reinforced steel mounting angles for greater rigidity and reliability. They are available in hardware stores. To increase the load-bearing capacity of the roof, additional lintels are installed.

Profiled pipes and steel angle

Most polycarbonate greenhouse frames are made from profiled pipe. If you have the skills to work with it, it’s not difficult to do everything yourself - welding a square or rectangle is easier than round pipes. Another plus is that with help it’s easy to make arcs yourself.

The cross-section again depends on the size and natural conditions. Most often they are made from a rectangular pipe 20*40 mm. But options are also possible. Another important parameter for this material is wall thickness. It is desirable that the metal be 2-3 mm. This frame can withstand significant loads.

A steel corner is also a good option, but bending it is a difficult task, so greenhouses are assembled in the form of a house - with gable or pitched roofs. The dimensions of the shelves are 20-30 mm, the metal thickness is from 2 mm.

Galvanized profiles

A do-it-yourself polycarbonate greenhouse with a frame made of profiles is the most unreliable option. It is good in areas with little snow in winters, and even without strong winds. The advantage of this option is that welding is not required. And the minus is not the greatest load-bearing capacity.

One of the frames. The jibs and stops are not superfluous.

The technology used is standard - as for constructing walls and partitions from plasterboard. The only difference is that the frame is sheathed on one side and polycarbonate is attached. It is advisable to make double racks - by merging two supporting profiles, turning them “back to back” and twisting them with self-tapping screws. To make the frame more rigid, make bevels, connecting adjacent racks with inclined jumpers. It is advisable to make the roof pitched rather than round, and strengthen the trusses.

Foundation

If you are wondering whether a foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse is needed or not, there is only one answer - it is needed. And reliable. They fly very well. Therefore, the foundation must “anchor” the building well.

Belt type

This foundation is for buildings that are planned for more than one year. The most expensive, but also the most thorough option. If you plan to use the greenhouse all year round, the foundation is made deep - to a depth just below freezing of the soil. For seasonal use, concrete-brick or simply timber is suitable.

Concrete-brick is one of the most common

Concrete-brick (concrete-beam)

Most often they make a concrete-brick version. It is optimal in terms of cost, complexity and duration. The work is carried out as follows:

• A trench is dug according to the size of the greenhouse. Its width is about 20 cm, the depth depends on the type of soil.
  
• Thick oilcloth or roofing felt is spread on the prepared bottom. This is necessary so that moisture from the solution is not absorbed into the soil. It is also advisable to cover the sides, but there the formwork panels partially solve this problem. Without this layer, concrete will not gain strength and will collapse.
• The solution is poured into the resulting ditch. The proportions are as follows: for 1 part of cement (M 400) take 3 parts of sand and 5 parts of filler. Filler - preferably crushed stone of small and medium fraction. You should not use expanded clay - it absorbs moisture and can cause increased humidity.
• The surface is leveled “under level”. You can smooth it out with a wooden block.

  

• Mortgages - studs or pieces of reinforcement with a diameter of at least 12 mm - are installed in the foundation, in the corners and at a distance of 1 meter. Studs are installed if it is necessary to attach timber to them, and reinforcement if brick is to be laid. They stick out at least 15 cm above the foundation level.
• The poured foundation is covered with film and left for at least a week (at temperatures below 17°C, two weeks should pass). If the weather is hot, water it a couple of times a day. To preserve moisture in this case, it is better to cover it under the film with a coarse cloth (burlap).
• If the bottom trim is a beam, waterproofing is rolled out over the concrete base. You can use two layers of roofing material, but now it quickly deteriorates, so it’s better to take “Gidroizol” or something similar. You can coat the concrete with bitumen mastic a couple of times. The result will be more reliable.
• A row of strapping is laid:
  
• Next comes the assembly of the frame.

There are options for this type of foundation. You can install small ones in a prepared trench and fill the space between them with solution. They must be installed so that their edge is below ground level. A layer of concrete is poured on top and leveled. Mortgages are secured in the seams.

Empty bottles can be used as building material. They are laid in rows and filled with concrete. It turns out to be a very economical and warm foundation. Its load-bearing capacity is quite enough for a more serious construction.

Beam foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse

This option is suitable as a temporary solution - it can last two to three years. It depends on the humidity in the area, the quality of the wood and the processing. The timber is used with a large cross-section - 100*100 or more (can be made composite, from several boards). It is treated with compounds for wood in contact with the ground. The order of work is as follows:

This option is only suitable for dry areas with low groundwater. In this case, one can hope that the foundation will survive for at least several years.

Pile-grill

Another type of foundation that will not protect against frost. But it is reliable and will last a long time. Complete, and we will give a short list of works.

Next, you can attach the strapping, or you can add a couple of rows of bricks and only after that install the frame. After this, we can say that the polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands is almost ready. All that remains is to fix the polycarbonate.

Which polycarbonate to choose

How long a polycarbonate greenhouse, purchased or built with your own hands, will last, how well it will “work” depends on the parameters and quality of the polycarbonate. One must take his choice responsibly - the sum is considerable.

Types of polycarbonate

There are three types of this material:

What type of polycarbonate is best to use for building greenhouses? Depends on the operating mode of the greenhouse. If it is heated, you will need a cell phone. If this is an option exclusively for the warm season, a corrugated (or monolithic) one is more suitable. Monolithic is also not bad, but corrugated has more rigidity. For greenhouses that are planned to be used from early spring or throughout the winter, cellular polycarbonate is installed. Due to its structure, it has superior thermal insulation characteristics - it retains heat better, although it transmits light worse (86% versus 95%).

Choosing cellular polycarbonate

It is not difficult to choose corrugated or monolithic - we are guided by the stated characteristics. It is only important that there is protection from ultraviolet radiation. There are no other pitfalls. But with a cell phone there are many nuances. You need to pay attention to the following:

The easiest way to check the quality of cellular polycarbonate is to try to squeeze it between your fingers. If it doesn’t press through, even if you make a significant effort, you can take it. If it squeezes easily, look for another one.

Installation features

According to the technology, polycarbonate is mounted using starting and connecting profiles. First, profiles are installed on the frame, a sheet of cellular polycarbonate is inserted into them, which is fixed to self-tapping screws with special press washers, which at the same time protect the attachment point from leaks. Profiles, in addition to holding the sheets in place, also protect the cuts from dust and dirt getting into the bottom. The system looks neat and works well, but all the components cost a lot of money.

Aesthetics for a greenhouse is not the most necessary property, therefore, if you need to save money, they prefer to mount it in a simple way, without profiles and press washers. Here's how to do it:

This is what directly concerns the fastening of cellular polycarbonate. There is one more point that became clear during the operation of polycarbonate greenhouses. Polycarbonate should not be placed close to the ground. It is desirable that it starts at least half a meter from the surface. Why? Because firstly, it still gets dirty and almost no light passes through it, so it does not affect the overall illumination. Secondly, it begins to deteriorate—blacken and flake. It is not clear what causes this reaction, but it is common. So, when developing a model of a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands, provide half-meter walls made of another material - brick, building blocks. Doesn't matter.

Let's imagine that you poured an excellent concrete foundation, built an arched frame from galvanized metal profiles according to all the rules, installed polycarbonate on the structure, and as a result you got the best greenhouse in the world. But it's outside. What about the filling?

The equipment of the greenhouse from the inside also determines the quality and quantity of the future harvest, therefore, this event should be treated with due attention.

The arrangement of the greenhouse inside can be done in two options. Let's consider each of them separately.

Ground-type construction

First of all, the data regarding the number of beds on which, in fact, your vegetables will grow is clarified. This decision is made not only on the basis of the owner’s wishes, but also in accordance with the dimensions of the greenhouse itself.

If you are going to arrange a room with two rows of plants, then the width of these beds should not exceed one meter so that the work is not only profitable, but also convenient. However, if there are three beds, the width of the central one can be increased to one and a half meters. This is due to the fact that access to it will be free on both sides.

As for the passages between the beds, it is better to make them fifty centimeters wide so that a wheelbarrow with fertilizers or work equipment can move freely.

It is important to choose the right building material for finishing the paths mentioned above. The best option would be wood or brick. These materials prevent slipping during irrigation when water enters the passage.

In order for the greenhouse to please with the harvest, the beds inside the structure must be made high. Let's find out what causes this:

1. The higher the bed, the more fertile soil it can accept. However, don't overdo it. The maximum height of these elements should be sixty centimeters.
2. If you equip the greenhouse with high beds, this will make it possible not to scatter fertile soil throughout the greenhouse.
3. Working in such beds is physically easier.

High beds require a border. It can be built from boards, which are fixed using special pegs. What it looks like is shown in the photo.

It should be noted that creating just such beds has a significant advantage. The polycarbonate with which the greenhouse is sheathed transmits light very well and all of it will fall on the beds that are not shaded by various objects.

Arrangement according to rack type

The photo shows just such a greenhouse.

It happens that a greenhouse serves as a storage facility for seedlings. In this case, you can arrange it using shelving. This solution is also good for growing plants in pots. Thus, you will save space indoors, because the racks can be built in several tiers.

The height of these elements depends on your height. In this case, there is no need to worry about the sun - you already know what polycarbonate is capable of. As for the width of the shelves, you should not make it larger than ninety centimeters. If the rack is located between the paths, you can make it one and a half meters. As for the track coverage, everything is the same as in the previous case.

It is important to know that such a greenhouse needs a separately equipped quarantine room. Plants that need to be checked for the presence of any diseases are placed there. The area inside the greenhouse used for these purposes can be separated from the main area using the same polycarbonate. However, this is not entirely profitable, since polycarbonate is included in the greenhouse kit and its quantity is limited, which means you will have to purchase additional material. Therefore, it is better to replace it with glass. Nobody canceled the sealing of this room.

Let's sum it up

As you can see, the greenhouse can be arranged in different ways. And fertile soil, timely watering and transparent polycarbonate will help you reap a wonderful harvest.

Good luck to you in this not simple, but pleasant and profitable business!

If you want to get a good harvest, you should be concerned about the inside. In this case, everything is taken into account: heating, soil, location of beds, watering and much, much more.

Soil: clean and disinfected

The primary task is to develop the soil. What conditions must be met for this?

1. Provide the soil with good air permeability and moderate humidity.
2. Add nutrient supplements to the soil.
3. Clear the soil of weeds. Carry out disinfection using special antimicrobial agents.

Arranging a greenhouse involves proper design of the beds. Some people think that it should, first of all, be convenient for the gardener. But that's not true! Improper placement of beds will result in no harvest.

The most effective way is. The bottom line is that for optimal plant life, the arrangement of the beds should be as follows: width - 45 cm, passage around the formed bed - 90 cm. The presented option allows the plants to receive the optimal amount of air and light. He will tell you about the foundation.

In this case, the beds of the polycarbonate greenhouse should go from north to south. Of course, a high yield depends not only on this, but also on the timeliness of watering, fertilizing and other things.

How are beds arranged according to the cardinal directions? It turns out that the standard north-south placement does not suit all plants. The most favorable arrangement is the method from west to east. In this case, the sun illuminates the plants from morning to evening, which means they will develop much faster. "Volya" will tell you about the types of greenhouses .

Satellite beds - path

If you have laid out the beds, it’s time to arrange the paths. There are several options: in the center or several parallel ones.

What is needed to make a path in the center?

• if the greenhouse is small, measure the distance from one wall of the greenhouse to the other and lay a passage exactly in the middle;
• Accordingly, the beds will be located on both sides of the path:
• The passage width must be at least 500 mm.

Parallel tracks

• It is recommended that the parallel paths of the polycarbonate greenhouse be made of non-slip material. This could be gravel or brick.
• If the greenhouse is large, it is better to make several paths. The beds will be located between them.

Fencing paths inside the greenhouse

Ventilation inside the greenhouse

Almost every greenhouse has windows and doors. This means that ventilation can be done manually, the main thing is to open and close the windows in time. This method is good because it does not involve large expenses for the purchase of equipment. All you need is a hydrometer and a thermometer. But if you do not expect to constantly look into the polycarbonate greenhouse, the method is not suitable for you. You'll have to turn to an automated system.

Installing an automated system inside is actually not that difficult. At the same time, it becomes possible to regulate the microclimate depending on the conditions required by the crop being grown.

You can equip polycarbonate greenhouses with the following automated ventilation systems:

• bimetallic systems;
• electrical installations;
• hydraulic ventilation.

What is needed to get a good harvest in a greenhouse? (video)

Heating system

A greenhouse made of polycarbonate can be heated using solar heating. But sometimes this is not enough and stove heating is used. An original and modern way is to install heated floors. It will maintain the general climate in the polycarbonate building and heat the beds. You can make a greenhouse heating system yourself, knowing about.

Irrigation system

A polycarbonate greenhouse may have one of the irrigation systems. A barrel and a hose are also a device for irrigation, but using them is not very convenient and not at all modern. So, if you have the opportunity, install a drip irrigation system. He will tell you more about the system.

So, arrangement inside the greenhouse involves observing a large number of nuances. Only well-organized space and equipment with care systems will allow you to get a good harvest. You can find out about an interesting greenhouse option - .

In order not to lose the material, be sure to save it to your social network VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, Facebook by simply clicking on the button below.

As a rule, planting is done in the spring, but you need to take care of the conditions, in particular we are talking about protection from low temperatures. Especially when it comes to vegetables.

Greenhouses and greenhouses do an excellent job with this task. Let's see how to make it from almost improvised materials below.

How is a greenhouse different from a greenhouse?

Before delving into the question of how to make a greenhouse, let's determine the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse:

• A greenhouse is used for growing seedlings and further planting them in open beds; plants can be kept in a greenhouse all year round;
• The required level of temperature in the greenhouse is maintained due to the presence of compost or manure in the soil; in the greenhouse there is an additional, third-party source of heating;
• It is possible to grow trees in a greenhouse, but this cannot be done in a greenhouse.

What types of greenhouses are there?

The greenhouse can be stationary or portable (a photo of a greenhouse at the dacha is presented below).

A stationary greenhouse can have all sorts of shapes; the most common model is the butterfly (it got its name due to the doors that open on both sides).

Portable, often in the form of a tunnel. The main material in both cases is polymer film.

From all this it follows that it is quite possible to make a greenhouse with your own hands; this is the same creative process as growing cucumbers, tomatoes, etc.

Material selection

Before we consider how to make a greenhouse with our own hands, we will deal with the issue of choosing a material.

When choosing a material, it must be taken into account that it must meet the following requirements:

• Good light transmission;
• Resistance to various types of deformation, such as strong gusts of wind;
• Easy to install and assemble the entire structure;
• Durability.

As for the materials used, the cheapest, and most importantly practical, is film, and here are its types:

• polyethylene;
• stabilized film;
• polyvinyl chloride

Covering materials include:

• agril;
• lutrasil.

In order to finally decide and understand which material is preferable, it is necessary to compare them and consider the pros and cons of each.

Glass

The advantages of glass include: it transmits approximately 94% of light, lasts a long time, and retains heat.

The disadvantages: it gets very hot in the summer, there is a heavy load on the main frame.

Film

The advantages of this material include: low cost, low weight, no foundation required.

Note!

Disadvantages: fragility, difficult to wash.

Polycarbonate

Pros: transmits light well, high level of thermal insulation, lightweight and durable.

What to use to make a greenhouse frame

The frame is a kind of base for a greenhouse; most often it is made of wood or plastic, less often of metal pipes.

Wooden frame

The main advantage is its environmental friendliness. It is also worth noting that it is very simple in terms of installation.

For installation you will need the following tools: hammer, screwdriver, saw, nails, rubber as a sealing element, wooden beams, ruler.

Note!

It is advisable to cover the wooden elements of the future structure with drying oil before the installation process.

Execution Sequence

First of all, a beam is attached to the mortgage fastening; it will then become the base. Then the main beam is placed around the perimeter of the foundation, and everything is temporarily secured with nails.

Side and corner beams are fastened diagonally with timber. The door frame is installed to the side posts. The cornice is attached to the top of the side and corner beams.

Roof

In the area of ​​​​the points where the vertical beams are fixed, it is necessary to remove a beam, the length of which is 2 m. The roofing beams must be fastened at an angle of 30 degrees, they are connected to each other by a beam. In the area of ​​the end points they must be supported by vertical guides.

The final fastening of the roof frame is done using corners and strips on self-tapping screws.

Note!

Doorway

First the door frame is attached. Do not forget that in the middle and upper parts the opening is secured with special stiffeners.

Application of metal pipes

A greenhouse, as mentioned above, can be made from metal pipes, and also with your own hands. This design is more wear-resistant.

You will need: a welding machine, a hammer, a grinder, a special attachment for working with metal (disk).

The pipe is divided into two equal parts. Tees are welded to the edges of the base pipe, and crosspieces are welded every half meter. The cut elements must be welded to the crosspieces.

Special tees are attached to the arch to secure the door pillar.

Covering the greenhouse

Once the frame is ready, you can start covering.

Film

The easiest material to use is film. It is necessary to cover the entire structure, leaving a margin of 15 cm, and then cut it off.

Polycarbonate

The front side of the polycarbonate is the one where the drawing is depicted. First you need to cut the sheets. Seal the sections with sealing tape on top and perforated tape on the bottom.

First, the polycarbonate is attached to the top, then to the sides. It is attached to the frame with a special profile, as well as rubber gaskets.

Finally, the seal and door hardware are installed.

Ventilation

In greenhouses, in order to create ventilation (ventilation), you just need to open the doors, but it is advisable to do this in warm weather.

A greenhouse is an indispensable thing for a gardener who is going to harvest a large harvest of tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables in the future. By approaching the design wisely and following all the instructions, everything will definitely work out.

DIY greenhouse photo