English test on the topic “The world around us. English lesson on the topic "ecology and environmental problems" English test on the topic ecology

Data exercises on the topic “Ecology. Ecological problems" will help you activate so that you can read texts without difficulty and speak freely on this topic.

The picture on the left illustrates the difference in the use of verbs: break VS destroy VS damage

break INTO PARTS
destroy COMPLETELY
to damage means that it doesn’t look or work PROPERLY

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

creature, extinct, species, endanger, damage, wildlife, habitat, destroy, cure, development, size, weight, cardboard, include, rainforest, mammal, insect

Exercise 2. Choose a word from exercises 1 to the definition below.

A kind of animal no longer existing
To cause danger to a living being
A group of plants and animals of the same kind
A place where an animal or a plant is found
An animal or being of some kind
To damage so much that it’s completely ruined
To put in smth else
To make a disease go away by medical treatment

Exercise 3.Form a new word from the given one in brackets

A hurricane is a ______________________wind or storm. (violence)
It was a _____________________disaster. (terror)
The_________________made by the fire was awful. (destroy)
It is __________________to be near the crater of volcano. (danger)
______________disasters can damage houses and kill people. (nature)
Emergency _______________do their best to save people. (work)
Sometimes situations are very _________________ to solve.(difficulty)
The ocean is polluted with __________ waste. (chemistry)
We should solve ________________problems. (environment)
Air ______________is very dangerous for people. (pollute)
The _______________of scientists are alarming. (predict)
The earth has given us _____________ for thousands of years. (support)
The hurricane did a lot of _______________ to the house. (damage)
What are the most serious __________________problems now? (ecology)

Exercise 4.Place the appropriate word in the sentence below.

Many……of animals can become extinct in the near future.
Nowadays many scientists say that some chemicals can……human life.
Nelly’s pig was a funny…., with short legs, small ears and not much hair on its skin.
Lakes and ponds are natural…….for frogs.
Don’t worry, I will…….your little rabbit.
Fires often……..forests.

Exercise 5. Use the correct form of the verb in the sentences below.

Option 1.

Now human beings _____________(to kill) our planet.
People usually_______________(not to care) about the environment.
The builders have ___________________(to cut down) a lot of trees in the forest.
As a result many animals were to ______________(to die out).
When did the destruction of this countryside _____________(to start)?
_____he ____________(to plant) a tree at that time yesterday?
_____he _____________(to plant) down the tree by 6 o’clock yesterday?
According to the forecast a disaster _________(to happen) soon.

Option 2.

Rain forests ___________________(to disappear) nowadays.
People have ________________(to destroy) a lot of wildlife.
They ________________ (to collect) the litter at the seaside last month.
We must _______________(to pay attention to) these problems as soon as possible.
We are happy to ____________(to survive) on the earth.
The children _____________(to water) the trees by the moment it got dark.
I ________________(to walk) on the beach when I saw a big jelly fish.
Our problems _______________(not to disappear) in the future.

Exercise 6.

Does this businessman realize the damage these chemicals do to the (environmental / environment) _____________ in our town?
Local government should support the idea of recycling and provide each house with bins for different types of (to waste / waste)____________________
If we want to protect our environment, lots of things should be changed in our life, but first of all we should improve (ecological / ecologist)___________________education.
To reduce air (to pollute / pollution)___________________people should use
public transport. Too many people use their own cars.
If we want to keep our beautiful beaches as the main tourist (to attract / attraction)
____________ we must protect them from litter pollution.
If you care about the protection of the environment and you want to be healthy, you should buy only (nature / natural)___________________food with no added chemicals.

Exercise 7.Choose the correct option.

_______ is threatening the lives of animals and plants ( dirty air, pollution, poisonous air)
An earthquake is a __________ event ( physical, natural, real)
Anything will grow in this dark rich ________. (soil, land, ground)
“Let’s take the baby outside,” she suggested. “We all need some ________ air” ( pure, clear, fresh)
There is world wide concern about the destruction of the __________. ( tropical woods, rainforests, rainy forests)
Tigers ___________because hunters kill them in order to sell their skins ( run the risk, are insecure, are in danger)
Instead of dropping litter in the streets, we should use litter _________. ( bags, bins, baskets)
___________, air and water pollution are among the most serious environmental problems. ( The warming of the planet, The world’s warming, Global warming)
Greenpeace try to prevent a lot of environmental _________. ( disasters, tragedies, accidents)
We should save energy by using ________ power and wind power. ( solar, sun, sunny)

Exercise 8.Choose the correct option.

Animals are losing their ________ as growing cities cause the countryside to disappear ( habitats, places of living, living spaces)
In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of poisonous _________. ( chemistry, ingredients, insecticides)
Many species of animal life have been shot to the verge of _______. ( extinction, destruction, elimination)
________ rain is mostly found in North America and Europe. (c chemicals, sour, acid)
In my family we always take empty bottles to a ____________ bin. ( recycling, reusing, reprocessing)
Yesterday I read a very interesting newspaper article about ____________ mountain gorillas. ( dangerous, endangered, damaged)
Dangerous chemicals from factories are ________ into oceans, rivers and streams, killing fish. ( thrown, poured, splashed)
People say that fewer than 1,000 blue whales __________ in the Southern Hemisphere. ( survive, remain alive, clinging to life)
People who live in a big city continuously suffer from car exhaust _______. ( smoke, gases, fumes)
If people refuse to buy_____ or other goods which come from species of animals, we could save their lives. ( furs, wool, skin)

Exercise 9.Translate into Russian.

Accident, disaster, amount, atmosphere, development, environment, ecological balance, industry, living being, recycling, packing, industrial waste, drinking water, chemical, chemicals, wastes, global, harmful, scientific, rare, nuclear, to increase, to contaminate, to pollute, to protect (from), to solve, to vanish (disappear), to die out, to endanger, to conserve, to exhaust

Exercise 10.Translate into English.

living being, environment, environmental protection, quantity, accident, disaster, atmosphere, development, ecological balance, industry, industrial waste, processing, packaging, drinking water, chemical, nuclear, chemicals, waste, harmful, rare, scientific, global , increase, die out, disappear, deplete, pollute, infect, endanger, protect, preserve, conserve, solve

Exercise 11.Choose the correct option.

Smoking...your health. ( dangers, endangers)
Greenpeace works to … awareness of the dangers that threaten our planet today.( promote, improve)
Apes are on the… of extinction (edge, verge)
Losing twenty million acres of tropical rain forests every year is a …. ( disadvantage, disaster)
Tigers are … and killed for their body parts which are used in medicine. ( hunted, haunted)
Oceans are currently a large dumping ground for tons of toxic… and sewage. ( waste, packing)
There are no more than two hundred and fifty … of sharks in the world.( species, kinds)
Storms and heavy rains often cause great … to property. ( damage, loss)
Some factories and plants… poisonous substances into the atmosphere.( increase, release)
People are not doing their best to… an ecological catastrophe. ( avoid prevent)

* * *

Exercise 12. Insert prepositions with, about, by, from, of, on, at, of, about, from, —

Ecology deals…the relationships of man and nature.
The whole world is threatened… an ecological catastrophe.
All countries ought to join the efforts to save the Earth… an ecological disaster.
Sustainable development is the one that doesn’t deprive future generations … the same type of opportunities we have now.
More than two hundred million people depend… the tropical forests for shelter and food.
Trees are being cut down… an alarmingly high rate.
People are becoming more and more aware…ecological problems.
Pollution of water and air is one of the main problems people are concerned… today.
How can we protect our soil... further waste?
If we don’t think hard of ecology we must be ready to face… the consequences.

Exercise 13.Form nouns from the verbs below

to damage -
to pollute -
to release -
to astonish -
to breathe -
to measure -
to preserve -
to purify -
to conserve -
to poison -
to remove-
to exist-
to lose -
to choose -

Exercise 14.Prepare a report about the Fukushima accident, which happened in Japan in 2011 according to plan:

what has caused the accident at the nuclear power station;
what has gone wrong and why people couldn’t prevent the radioactive contamination;
the consequences of this accident for the whole world

Use the word-combinations: cause the radioactive contamination of the water in the Pacific Ocean; can’t stop pollution; have to dump the radioactive water into the ocean; endanger people's lives; fish and seafood in the ocean is contaminated with the radiation; some fishing companies have stopped catching fish in the ocean; urgent measures should be taken; safety of nuclear power stations; the whole world is threatened by an ecological catastrophe; feel secure about my future

Use linking words: besides, more than that, what is more, as for me, I think that, I can never understand, I strongly believe, I am sure

Text 15. Translate the text into English.

Our world is wonderful. Earth supports all forms of life: humans, birds, animals, insects, fish. But to many people don't care(don’t mind) the beauty of nature (natural beauty). They throw garbage on the beaches and packaging on the streets. People don't care about the environment. They cut down forests (cut down) pollute animal habitats. As a result, the animals die. Plants and factories pollute air and water (with) chemical waste. Pollution is very dangerous to humans, wildlife and the environment. Scientists predict international catastrophe. We have to take care about nature and about yourself.

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Class: 10

Technologies: ICT – computer (using Internet resources), group, health-saving, communicative learning technology.

Target: formation of communicative competence.

Lesson type: improvement and comprehensive application of skills and abilities.

Task: expand regional studies skills, develop listening, reading, monologue and dialogic speech skills, and develop cross-cultural competence.

Educational task: form a worldview and interdisciplinary connections.

Lesson type: lesson-conference.

I. What do we know about Ecology?

ll. Modern technologies in teaching reading and listening. Language laboratory.

lll. What have we known about environmental problems?

Stage 1. Organizational

We divide students into three groups.

Journalists (J) - journalists,
Ecologists (E) - ecologists,
Scientists(S) - scientists

Phonetic exercise

Please, listen to the words and repeat them. Objective: to develop the ability to pronounce words.

2.Environmental problems.

3. The human race.

5. Healthy ecosystem.

6.The humanity.

9. Sulfur dioxide

11. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Stage 2. Watch the short film “Earth is in danger”

Speech exercises. What is nature? Who wants to express their opinion?

J- Tell me, please, what is it- Nature?

E- Nature is everything that exists in the world around us - plants and animals, earth and rocks, air and water, climate and weather.

J-What do you think? Is Man dependent on Nature?

E-At the beginning of his development man was very dependent on Nature, but with time getting more knowledgeable people ventured "to conquer" Nature. For many centuries man has been trying to solve Nature's mysteries, to discover its laws, to make it serve his necessities.

Stage 3. Reproduction of skills and abilities of monologue and dialogic speech

J-And what’s happened?

E- Doing so people change the world.

J- Why do people spend so much time and effort drawing public attention to the problem of ecology?

E- New discoveries and inventions, new technologies make a dramatic impact on the planet which is our habitat. Great achievements of the human race have facilitated the life of people, but many of them have been harmful to the environment. Nowadays the humanity is trying to reconsider the results of its progress.

J - It "s a wonderful world we live in. For thousands of years the Earth has given support to all forms of life - human beings, animals, birds, fishes, insects and plants.

But now human beings are killing our planet.

E - People have always polluted their surroundings.The most serious environmental problems are pollutions in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution), noise from cars, buses, planes, destruction of wildlife and others.

Many species of animals and birds have disappeared. Millions of animals die every year because man has polluted their natural homes. Besides, every year people cut down more trees, build more roads, and use more land for farming. These leaves are fewer jungles, fields and forests for wildlife.

S - Wildfire is one of the most destructive natural forces known to mankind. While sometimes caused by lightning, nine of ten wildfires are human-caused. Put simply, "wildfire" is the term applied to any unwanted and unplanned fire burning in forest, shrub or grass.

E - On the one hand, fires are very important natural cleaning agents of change; they play a vital role in maintaining healthy ecosystems. On the other hand, they destroy wilderness, property and lives. As more homes are built in and around forest areas, wildfires are on the rise. The latest wildfires in the USA, Spain, Italy and Russia caused a lot of problems.

J- Forests the size of Belgium are destroyed every year. It"s an international disaster. Even if new trees are planted, it takes many years for them to grow.

You know, pollution affects animals more than humans.

S - It is really so. Pollution affects animals more than humans. Humans have more conscious control over their own environment. They can make choices about where to live. They can also choose what to eat. Animals often get rubbish, plastic or wire pieces stuck in their jaws and they cannot easily be set free. As a result they cannot function properly, they die.

E - Air pollution is a very serious problem. One of the most alarming forms of air pollution is acid rain.

Animals suffer a lot from acid rains. Burning certain fuels produces sulfur dioxide. This mixes with rainwater and causes acid rain. This gets into rivers and causes fish to have genetic defects or die. In fact, fish and other sea animals are poisoned because factories and plans have a lot of useless and harmful things while making their production. Acid rain is killing forests in Canada, the USA and central and northern Europe. And in some rivers you can even see a thick foam (foam) caused by chemical waste.

J - I would like to say that some years ago the coast of northern Spain became very badly polluted, because one of the oil tankers passing by accidentally lost the oil it was carrying and it went into the sea. Although some were saved, many birds lost their lives due to being covered in oil. The ecosystem of the area is likely to be affected for up to ten years.

S - I fully agree that for many animals places where they live have become dangerous. The food chain can be affected by pollution in the places where certain species have been living for many years and are used to being fed on certain food.

E - In my opinion animals suffer from the so-called greenhouse effect, too. Heat is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere, it can't escape. This causes the Earth to heat up and in some cases rainfall decreases and in other cases it increases causing flood. This means some plants cannot grow. Unless the plants grow many animals in the countries especially in the developing world have less to eat and become endangered or die out. This is a particular problem in the Amazonian rain forest. Depletion of the ozone layer is very dangerous too. The ozone layer protects the earth from the sun's ultraviolet rays. Depletion of the ozone layer increases the risk of skin cancer, weakens the immune system of people.

S - The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead, the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction.

J - And what about the Dead Sea?

Is the Dead Sea in danger?

S - The Dead Sea, the saltiest body of water of the earth and a wonderful natural treasure, is becoming smaller and smaller because of decisions by people to use part of its waters.

The Dead Sea is located at the lowest point of the earth, almost 400 meters below sea level. It is 50 kilometers long. Just 40 years ago it stretched 80 kilometers in length.

One of the main reasons for the sea"s shrinking* is lack of water. 90% of the waters that flow from the Jordan River, which traditionally goes into the Dead Sea, is taken for drinking and agriculture in Israel and Jordan.

E - Besides, local industry adds to the Dead Sea"s problems. They use the water for getting necessary minerals. It"s a real disaster for the Sea.

Now hundreds of thousands of tourists come to the Dead Sea every year. Its water is so salty that a man can read a newspaper comfortably while lying on his back on the water. Tourists treat their bodies with the black mud, but they don't think about the Dead Sea's troubles.

It can be saved - but time is running out.

S - An even greater environmental threat is nuclear power stations. . The disasters in Chernobyl and than in Japan have affected the destinies of millions of people.

Scientists have made predictions and they are alarming.

J -Go to the seaside and you"ll see the pollution around you. There is a lot of litter on the beaches. Some of it was left by people and some was brought by the water.

Pollution is very dangerous for people, wildlife and the environment.

J -We live among litter and wastes which we have created ourselves - fumes of cars, throw away packaging. These are some of the world's most serious environmental problems. What will happen if we don't try to solve these problems?

E - Many countries bury and forget about millions of tons of rubbish every year. It is known that in one year, a European family with two children throws away about 50 kilos of paper (that's six trees), and about 60 kilos of plastic.

The Green World reports say that in one year the average person throws away: about 70 food cans. 34 cans of pet food and about 70 drink cans.

J -What can people do with rubbish instead of just throwing it away? Why is recycling important nowadays?

S -But we don"t have to throw away all our waste paper, glass, metal and plastic. We can also burn or recycle a lot of it. In fact waste can be wonderful stuff. Many things that we throw away can still be useful.

J -How much of recyclable material is actually recycled?

S- In fact it "s possible to recycle 80% of domestic rubbish. We can recycle most kinds of paper, glass, metal and plastic. But only 4% of recyclable material is actually recycled. Recycling is expensive. But it saves trees and energy and protects the environment from pollution.

J - Why does some packaging become litter?

S - These days, people usually do shopping in supermarkets. Nearly everything is packed in paper or plastic containers. Every year in Britain each person produces about 57 kilograms of plastic waste. Disposing of all this plastic is an expensive problem. But that's not all. Making plastic causes pollution.

E - Unfortunately, some of this packaging doesn't reach the bins. It becomes litter instead. In the town their litter looks horrible. But fortunately someone clears it away.

In the country side, it remains in the fields and on the roadsides unless the people who live nearby pick it up. It can kill or hurt farm animals.

E – Tell me, please, what can we do to save our planet? Let's think all together.

Stage 4. Application of writing skills and abilities

Journalists - You are just one of 6,000 million people who live on our Earth. So can our actions really make a difference to its future?

The answer is yes, we certainly can. Because if you try to live in a way that will save the world rather than destroy it, you won"t be alone. Our example will encourage our friends and our and our families to do the same. Then they will tell their friends and families about helping to care for the environment.

Here are some ways in which we, our friends and our family can begin trying to save the Earth right now.

1. Keep yourself informed about environmental problems.

2. Take as much rubbish as you can to local recycling centers.

3. If you have a choice avoids buying packaged goods.

4. Walk or cycle whenever possible.

5. Never drop litter.

6. Put out food for wild animals in winter.

Here are several points towards saving the Earth. It won't always be easy to follow them. Your friends and family may not always agree with you. And if you can manage to carry out at least some of them, you will know that you are contributing towards saving the Earth.

Ecologists

There are a lot of organizations in the world, they want to save the Earth and animals:

1. The mission Kids for a Clean Environment(Kids F.A.C.E.) Kids F.A.C.E. started in 1989. Today there are more than 300,000 individual members. The organization is the world's largest youth environmental organization.

2. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) is one of the largest animal rights organizations in the world. It has more than a million members and supporters. Founded in 1980, PETA is dedicated to establishing and protecting the rights of all animals.

3. Invasive Species Specialist Group(ISSG) aims to reduce threats to natural ecosystems and the natural species they contain by increasing awareness of invasive alien species.

4. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(the RSPCA) has been working since 1824 promoting kindness to animals, trying to prevent cruelty to them. In 1840 the Society's work was held in such high regard that Queen Victoria gave her permission for the SPCA to be called the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

5. Greenpeace is an international organization whose members work actively to protect the environment from damage caused by industrial processes or military activities. Greenpeace has been campaigning against environmental degradation since 1971.

6. The World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF) is one of the world's most experienced independent conservation organizations, with almost five million supporters and a global network active in more than 100 countries.

Here are some ways in which you, your friends and your family can begin trying to save the Earth right now.

1. Try not to waste energy. Don't stand with the refrigerator door open while you wonder what to eat - make your mind up before you open the door. The warm refrigerators up when the door is open and it takes extra energy to make it cold again.

Before you throw anything away, stop and think. Might someone else have a use for it? Charities are often pleased to have old books, clothes and toys.

Don't waste paper. When you are writing, use both sides of the paper.

Before you buy anything, ask yourself if you really need it. You don"t need everything adverts say you do. Try to avoid buying things you really don"t have any use for.

Help to clean up your local environment. There is probably a group in your area which spends weekends cleaning up ponds, rivers, parks and woods.

Try to reduce noise pollution. Don't take your radio outside - other people may not want to hear it.

Please listen to me.

We are going to arrange a "clean-up day" in the small park behind the cinema next weekend. Would you like to join us?

Not a bad idea. We"ll join you with pleasure. The park is the place where litter is a real problem, isn"t it?

Could you draw design a poster reminding people about pollution? We"ll put it in the park when all the litter is cleared. People will see the clean park and our poster. Maybe they"ll ask themselves why they drop litter for other people to clear up!

I"m afraid, they won"t ask themselves this question. Anyway I"ll try and do my best. What time has the group arranged to meet?

We have arranged to meet at 10 a.m. at our cinema.

All right. Can I take my friends with me?

Sure! They"ll have fun as well as helping the environment.

Stage 5. Homework: P.109 u.15

Stage 6. Relaxation

Now, please, try to relax. (We look and listen to the sound of the sea)Close your eyes and imagine the following:

The sun is shining brightly.

There is a light wind of breeze blowing.

The sea is calm and the water is blue and crystal clear.

Stage 7. Development of listening and reading skills using a language laboratory

Listening. Task: develop listening skills (entry 15), test 1, correct answers, self-assessment.

Test 1

Listen to the interview with Mr Riner, an ecologist (No 14), and complete the following statements in the right way.

1. Tropical forests are_____the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.

2. Tropical forests cover about _____of land on our planet.

3. The term "tropical forest" _____"rain forest".

c) is equivalent to

4. In rain forests it is _____.

a) dark, hot and humid

b) light, hot and humid

c) dark, hot and dry

5. Tropical forests are destroyed by

c) loggers and farmers

6. Rain forests are cut down to ______.

a) raise livestock

b) make room for houses

c) build new towns

7. The Food and Agriculture Organization's statistics shows that _______ km 2

of rain forest is cut down annually.

8. Developed countries try to improve the situation by________.

a) asking for guarantees that tropical forests will be restored

b) giving money to restore the forests

c) not demanding their money back in return for preserving tropical forests

Interviewer: Mr Riner, you are one of the most celebrated scientists working to study and protect tropical forests. What are tropical forests and where can they be found?

Mr Riner: Tropical forests are a belt of vegetation growing on either side of the equator. Strictly speaking, any forest between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn can be called "tropical forest".

Interviewer: How big is this territory?

Mr Riner: At the moment tropical forests cover about 35 million square km, which is close to one fifth of the Earth's land.

Interviewer: Do the terms “tropical forest” and “rain forest” mean the same?

Mr Riner: Not exactly the same. In fact, rain forest is only one part of tropical forest. It is closest to the equator. Most of the plants that grow in it are evergreen. This forest receives a lot of rainfall with no dry season and average temperatures between 21 and 27 °C. Trees in rain forest grow very close to each other and compete with each other to reach the light. That's why trees in such forest are very tall and thin with leaves at the top where the light is.

Interviewer: Why are tropical forests so much in the focus of public attention?

Mr Riner: Tropical forests have a great variety of wildlife and plants. Their number is so large that tropical forests explorers can count on many fascinating discoveries. It is common knowledge that tropical forests play a very important role in balancing the world climate and supplying the planet with oxygen to breathe.

Interviewer: It is clear that tropical forests everywhere are in danger. How bad is the situation and what is the reason for it?

Mr Riner: The disappearance of tropical forests has two main causes. The first is commercial loggers, people who cut down trees. They are attracted by valuable hardwood trees, worth up to a thousand dollars each. The second reason is farmers who come from cities and towns. In South America alone they are responsible for the burning of 25,000 square km of forest annually to make room for tropical grassland.

Interviewer: Do you mean grassland to be used as pastures?

Mr Riner: Exactly. They need grassland for their cattle which is sold to European and North American markets. The grass on such lands grows well only for two or three years, after which farmers have to move to new places and more trees get cut down and burnt. Behind them such farmers leave a landscape known as "Greek Desert", areas that are ugly and commercially valuable.

Interviewer: And how quick is this process?

Mr Riner: Figures from the Food and Agriculture Organization show that 180,000 square km of tropical rain forest is cleared every year. The destruction is so rapid, that as scientists believe, by the year 2020 all rain forests will have disappeared.

Interviewer: Don't people living in those countries see the danger?

Mr Riner: They may do, but the problem is that developing countries, deep in financial crisis, want a quick return of their money. They claim that they have to think about their population in the first place.

Interviewer: Yes, but in the long run they are going to lose anyway. Is there no hope at all?

Mr Riner: Great hope has been placed on the new system under which developed countries from the northern hemisphere agree to write off the developing nations" debts. It means that they say officially that the poor countries don"t have to pay them back the money they once borrowed. In return they want a guarantee that tropical forests will be preserved. Unfortunately this policy doesn't always work.

Interviewer: Well, Mr Riner, thank you very much for your time and the valuable information you"ve shared with us.

Read the text and match the titles with the paragraphs (P.108ex.71Biboletova).

a) The global community has to make a crucial choice.

b) Several ways people influence nature.

c) Will the scientists’ prediction come true?

d) People can help the Earth maintain its balance.

e) A biologist’s opinion.

f) A scientist’s prediction about the new nature of our planet.

g) Human creativity will help to reduce human impact on the Earth.

Human impact on the Earth. How do we lessen it?

1. Nearly 70 years ago, a Soviet geochemist made a surprising observation: through technology and great human numbers, he wrote, people were becoming a geological force, shaping the planet's future just as rivers and earthquakes had shaped its past. Eventually, the scientist, Vladimir Vernadsky, wrote that global society, guided by science, would soften the human environmental impact, and the Earth would become a "noosphere" - a planet of the mind, "life"s domain ruled by reason",

2. Today, a broad range of scientists say that part of Vernadsky's thinking has already been proven correct: people have significantly altered the atmosphere and are the dominant influence on ecosystems and natural selection. The question now is whether the rest of his vision will come true.

Humans have realized the environmental damage of the last century. With the aid of satellites and supercomputers, they now have a real chance to balance economic development with the environment beginning with sustaining the Earths ecological systems.

4. “We"ve come through a period of finally understanding the nature and effect of humanity"s transformation of the Earth," said William Clark, a biologist at Harvard University. "Having realized it, can we become clever enough to be able to maintain the rates of progress?" he asked. "I think we can."

5. Some scientists say people can"t understand the living planet well enough to know how to manage it. But this problem attracts world leaders and thousands of other participants to summits where they discuss ways of sustainable development. Communities and countries face choices that are likely to determine the quality of human life and the environment well into the 22nd century.

6. Human activity has such a great influence on the planets ecology that it is no longer possible to separate people from nature. Emissions of carbon dioxide, whether from an Ohio power plant or a Bangkok taxicab, contribute to global warming. Shoppers in Tokyo seeking inexpensive picture frames send people deep into Indonesian forests.

7. Experts conclude that the same inventiveness that accelerated human development can be used to soften human impact.

No	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Test 1 Your answer
Correct answer	f	c	d	e	a	b	g
Test 2 Your answer
Correct answer	c	b	b	a	c	a	b	c

Stage 8. Assessments. Students counting points

Slide number 19. Marking.

Reflection

1. Problems with the health of the environment are still with us. But by knowing about them, we can do something. Humans can care for the environment so it will be a healthier place for all living things.

2. If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly.

3. Some progress has already been made. A lot of members of the UN hold conferences discussing environmental problems and take practical urgent measures to avoid ecological catastrophe.

4. There are numerous public organizations such as Greenpeace. They are doing much to preserve the environment.

5. Scientists, politicians, ecologists and the majority of common people must grow up and fast enough to be able to protect Mother Nature.

6.Politicians should change their ways of thinking and think globally instead of securing their own national interests.

7. New technologies should not be used unless they are proven to be ecologically saved.

8. Our conference was interesting and very useful.

Results.

Slide number 20.

List of literature used to prepare the lesson.

1. English textbook “Enjoy English” 10th grade. M.Z.Biboletova, Moscow 2014

2. Textbook of the English language “English-X” O.V.Afanasyeva, I.V.Miheeva, Moscow 2014

3. Audio course on CD (MP3) for textbooks. English language “English-IX” O.V. Afanasyeva, I.V. Mikheeva, Moscow 2014

4. Internet resources images.yandex.ru

We live on the earth. It is very, very big. There is a lot of water on the earth. It is in rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. There are a lot of forests and fields, hills and mountains on it. The earth is full of wonders. Different animals live on the earth. Different plants grow on it. The earth is beautiful. There are large countries and small countries. There are warm countries and cold countries. There are some countries where there are four seasons in a year and some countries where there are only two. When the sun shines it is day. When the sun does not shine it is night. When it is day in one country it is night in another. You can see the moon and the stars in the sky at night. People live in different countries. They speak different languages.

People have lived on our planet for many years. They lived and live on different continents, in different countries. People depend on their planet, on the sun, on animals and plants around them. People must take care of Earth. Our ecology becomes worse and worse with every new day. Many species of animals and birds are disappearing nowadays. People destroy wildlife, cut down trees to make furniture. They forget that people can"t live without trees and plants, because they fill the air with oxygen. And, of course, great problems are population and animal destruction. The main reason of pollution is rubbish. Most of our rubbish goes to big holes in the ground, called "dumps". But dumps are very dangerous for our life "cause they are full of rats, which can carry infections away from dumps. Another way to get rid of rubbish is to burn it. But the fires make poisons, which go into the air and pollute it. But pollution isn't the only actual problem. Every day a large number of animals disappears. People kill animals for different purposes: e.g. people hunt whales for their meat and oil; elephants for their tusks, crocodiles for their leather and so on. And also animals are used for medical experiments. The most wide – speared from such animals are monkeys. Modern life is bad for animals, birds, fish. The air isn't fresh and the water isn't pure. They don't have good meal and facilities for the life. You can find their names in the Red Book.

The planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, but it "s the only place where human beings can live. Today, our planet is in serious danger. Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, overpopulation are the problems that threaten human life on Earth.

Who is to blame for the disaster? The answer is simple: all of us. Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won't have enough oxygen to breathe.

The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilisers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead; the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas.Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.

Air pollution is another serious problem. In Cairo just breathing the air is dangerous - equivalent to smoking two packs of cigarettes a day. The same holds true for many Russian cities. Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains. An even greater threat are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.

Fortunately, it's not too late to solve these problems. We have the time, the money and even the technology to make our planet a better, cleaner and safer place. We can plant trees and create parks for endangered species. We can recycle litter. We can support green parties and put pressure on those in power. Together we can save the planet and all of us with it.

Of course, people can't stay indifferent to these problems. There are a lot of special organizations, which try to save our nature. The most famous are: The Royal Society for the prevention of cruelty to animals (The RSPCA), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and Greenpeace. The RSPCA tries to protect animals from bad use. It operates big nation campaigns aimed at lost pets, circus animals. The WWF rescued several species of animals, mammals as well as birds. These organization also helped to create more than 250 National parks. Greenpeace began its work 20 years ago from saving whales. And now Greenpeace is a world-famous organization, which saves plants, animals and people. These organization, want to rescue animals, to help them to survive and to save jungle rain forests, which are in danger of destruction. And they also help animals "cause many of them have already gone as they have nowhere to live. Their homes, the trees, have disappeared. We must save wild animals. And we must find the right way to save land, people and animals. We must lake care of nature, because we are part of it.

I would advise everyone to think about this problem. Together we can find a solution!

Ministry of General and Professional Education of the Sverdlovsk Region
State budgetary educational institution
secondary vocational education in the Sverdlovsk region
"Gornozavodsk Polytechnic"

AGREED
Methodological advice
GBOU SPO SO
"Gornozavodsk Polytechnic"
_____________________
"___"___________ 2012

Appraisal Fund
for intermediate certification
by academic discipline
ODB.03. "English language"

Developer:
I.D. Brylina
1st category teacher

Nizhny Tagil
2012

Explanatory note

The regulatory grounds for organizing and conducting intermediate certification in English are:

State educational standard in English
OU curriculum
Regulations on the current control of knowledge and intermediate certification in academic disciplines, interdisciplinary courses, professional modules and transfer to the next year of students in basic professional educational programs of primary and secondary vocational education based on federal state educational standards at the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Secondary Professional Education SO "Gornozavodsk Polytechnic"
- Work program for the academic discipline “English language”
Purpose of certification:
Determining the level of development of competencies among students in the academic discipline “English Language” based on the criteria specified by the federal state educational standard for primary vocational education and the state educational standard for the English language.
Tasks:
assessment of the state and level of development of subject and general competencies of students in an academic discipline
tracking the dynamics of development of the quality of education in English
analysis of factors influencing the quality of education
formation of a correction mechanism and drawing up recommendations for developing the quality of education in an academic discipline.

Section of the academic discipline:
The world around us

Themes:
Regional studies.
1. English-speaking countries
Our country is Russia.
Cities of the world
Subject of intermediate certification:
As a result of control and assessment of the academic discipline, a comprehensive check of the following subject and general competencies is carried out:
Skills:
speaking
– conduct dialogue in situations of informal communication in everyday, sociocultural and educational and labor spheres, using argumentation, emotional and evaluative means;
– talk, reason in connection with the topics studied, the problems of the texts read; describe events, state facts, make reports;
reading

written language

Knowledge:

Understanding:

General competencies:

The form of intermediate certification in an academic discipline is a differentiated assessment in the form of a test.
Control tools:
fund of assessment tools: assessment materials, instructions for students on how to complete the test, instructions for the evaluator, rating sheet
Evaluation Forms:
assessment of the correctness of the test task.

Evaluation methods:
comparison with the standard, expert assessment based on criteria

Requirements for student activities in subject and general competencies

Levels of activity
Main quality indicators
№
tasks
Qty
points
Demonstration of general competencies

Emotional-psychological
Knows regional studies material
1,2
1+1
OK 1

Knows the meaning of lexical units related to the relevant topic
4
5

Regulatory
Interprets lexical material
6
4
OK 2

Understands grammatical rules (word order in a sentence)

Social
Uses lexical material in new situations
10
10
OK 4
OK 5
OK 6

Correctly uses various sources of information (dictionaries, grammar reference books)

Applies knowledge by selecting the necessary items from the proposed list
8
8

Analytical
Analyzes and classifies information
5
6
OK 3

Recognizes concepts and their components, correlates specific concepts and eliminates unnecessary
3
4

Establishes the correspondence of the given statements to the read text
9
6

Creative
Formulates own judgments and arguments based on acquired knowledge (compiles a message on the specified topic)
11
5

Performs a comprehensive search and interpretation of information on a specific topic
12
14

Self-perfect
development
Applies acquired knowledge in new conditions (fills out the form correctly)
questionnaire
10
OK 3

Shows a high level of independence
Observation
1

Adequately evaluates his work
self-esteem
1

Criteria for evaluation:

did not complete – 0 points
completed – 1 point

task 11 – from 0 to 5 points

The following will also be taken into account:

Answer quality:
“5” - 73 – 85 points
"4" - 58 - 72
"3" - 43 - 57
“2” - 42 points or less.

Test

The world's larges island and its smallest continent is
Africa
Australia
British Isles
Europe
(1 point)

Find the correct answer and write its number on your answer sheet.
The fourth largest country in the world is
Russia
The USA
Canada
Great Britain
(1 point)
3. Read the words, find the “extra” word in each line
1. forest, wood, river, tree
2. sea, coast, beach, field
3. valley, mountain, park, prairie
4. ocean, sea, river, mountain
(4 points)
4. Make up phrases from the indicated words, write down the numbers in pairs on the answer form.
1. deep 1. zone
2. climatic 2. island
3. vast 3. lake
4. independent 4. resources
5.natural 5.country

(5 points)
Distribute the items listed below as follows: the first three positions should represent the theme “London”, the next three – “Moscow”.

Red Square
Trafalgar Square
Big Ben
the Pushkin Museum
Tower Bridge
Spasskaya Tower

(6 points)
Establish a correspondence between geographical names and their descriptions, write numbers in pairs on the answer form

Mississippi
Pacific Ocean
Volga
Sydney
the biggest lake in England
river in the USA
the largest ocean in the world
the longest river in Europe
city in Australia
the highest mountain in the North America

(4 points)
7. Using the table, make up and write down sentences
Great Britain
Russia
occupies
consists of
borders on
is washed by
is covered with
has
is surrounded
many forests
mild climate
seas and oceans
a vast territory
four main parts
different countries
four climatic zones

8. Establish a correspondence between the names of countries and their characteristic features, write down the numbers on the answer form.
1.United Kingdom
2.United States of America
3.Australia
4. Russia
1. Much of the country is a useless desert.
2. It's
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Read the text (see Appendix 1)
Identify the correct statements (+) and incorrect ones (-):
1. We know more about global warming than we don’t.
2. Because the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has risen, temperatures have increased.
3.
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·Read the text and find 5 mistakes. Write down any mistakes on your answer sheet and correct them.
The United Kingdom consists of 3 parts: Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It is situated on the British Isles which lie off the south-west coast of Europe. Great Brita
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· Answer the questions and write down 5 sentences on one of the following topics:
"Great Britain"
“The United States of America”
"Canada"
"Australia"
"New Zealand"
"Russia"
1. Where is it located?
2. What mountains (rivers, lakes) are there?
3. What is the capital of this country?
4. What are the main cities?
5. What language do the people speak there?
(5 points)

12* Solve the crossword puzzle (see Appendix 2)
(14 points)

We wish you success!

Instructions for students on completing test work

Dear students!
You are invited to complete the test work in the form of a test in the section “The World Around Us.” Carefully read each task and the proposed answer options, if any. Answer only after you understand the question and have considered all possible answers.
Complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip a task that you cannot complete immediately and move on to the next one. You can return to the missed task after completing all the work, if there is time left.
Write your answers on the answer sheet.

During the review process, your work will be assessed for:
Skills:
speaking

reading
– read authentic texts of different styles (journalistic, artistic, popular science and technical), using the main types of reading (familiarization, study, viewing/search) depending on the communicative task;
written language
– describe phenomena, events, state facts
– draw up a report on the work done

Knowledge:
– the meanings of new lexical units related to the topic of this stage and the corresponding communication situations;
– language material: idiomatic expressions, evaluative vocabulary, units of speech etiquette, listed in the “Language Material” section and serving communication situations within the framework of the topics being studied;
– new meanings of the studied verb forms

Understanding:
– linguistic and cultural information, expanded by new topics and problems of speech communication;
– texts built on the linguistic material of everyday communication.

General competencies:
OK 1. Understand the essence and social significance of your future profession, show sustained interest in it.
OK 2. Organize your own activities based on the goal and methods of achieving it, determined by the manager.
OK 3. Analyze the work situation, carry out current and final monitoring, evaluation and correction of one’s own activities, and be responsible for the results of one’s work.
OK 4. Search for information necessary to effectively perform professional tasks.
OK 5. Use information and communication technologies in professional activities.
OK 6. Work in a team, communicate effectively with colleagues, management, and clients.

Criteria for evaluation:
The correct answer in tasks 1 and 2 is assessed as follows:
did not complete – 0 points
completed – 1 point
tasks 3 - 6, 9 are scored from 0 to 6 points
tasks 7, 8 – from 0 to 8 points;
task 10 – from 0 to 10 points
task 11 – from 0 to 5 points
task 12 – from 0 to 14 points

The following will also be taken into account:
- correct filling of the form (10 points)
- ability to use various sources of information (dictionaries, reference books) (1 point)
- level of independence in performing work (1 point)
- adequacy of self-esteem (1 point)
Maximum number of points – 85 (additional points – 3)
Answer quality:
“5” - 73 – 85 points
"4" - 58 - 72
"3" - 43 - 57
“2” - 42 points or less.

Good luck!

Answer form
Please complete clearly!
Family name ______________________________________________________________
Forenames __________________________________________________________
Date of birth (day, month, year) ________________________________________
Country ____________________________________________________________
Native town __________________________________________________________
Place of studying _____________________________________________________
Future profession ____________________________________________________
Date ________________________________________________________________

Question no.
Answer

3
1 –
2 –
3 –
4 -

4
1 –
2 –
3 –
4 –
5 -

6
1 –
2 –
3 –
4 -

8
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -

9
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 –
6 -

11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Key to the test

Question no.
Answer

3
1 – river
2 – field
3 – mountain
4 - mountain

4
1 – 3
2 – 1
3 – 2
4 – 5
5 - 4

5
2 3 5 1 4 6

6
1 – 2
2 – 3
3 – 4
5 - 5

7
1. Great Britain consists of four main parts.
2. Great Britain has a mild climate.
3. Great Britain borders on different countries.
4. Russia occupies a vast territory.
5. Russia is surrounded by different countries.
6. Russia is washed by seas and oceans.
7. Russia is covered with many forests.
8. Russia has four climatic zones.

8
1 – 6, 8
2 – 2
3 – 1, 3, 5
4 – 4,7

9
1 -
2 +
3 –
4 +
5 –
6 +

10
3 parts – 4 parts
South-west – north-west
Indian Ocean-Atlantic Ocean
Russia – France
In the world – in England

11
5 sentences

12*
Across: Mediterranean
Down:
Mississippi
Edinburgh
Denmark
Indian
Thames
Europe
Rome
Russia
Africa
Nevada
England
Australia
Nederland

Instructions for the evaluator (teacher)

You are invited to check the students’ test work in the section “The World Around Us”
During the work review process, it is necessary to evaluate:
Skills:
speaking
– reason in connection with the topics studied, the problems of the texts read; describe events, state facts, make reports;
reading
– read authentic texts of different styles (journalistic, artistic, popular science and technical), using the main types of reading (familiarization, study, viewing/search) depending on the communicative task;
written language
– describe phenomena, events, state facts
– draw up a report on the work done

Understanding:
– linguistic and cultural information, expanded by new topics and problems of speech communication;
– texts built on the linguistic material of everyday communication.

Using the key to the test and the requirements for the student’s activities in subject and general competencies, it is necessary to check the accuracy of the completed test work and fill out the rating sheet
Criteria for evaluation:
The correct answer in tasks 1 and 2 is assessed as follows:
did not complete – 0 points
completed – 1 point
tasks 3 - 6, 9 are scored from 0 to 6 points
tasks 7, 8 – from 0 to 8 points;
task 10 – from 0 to 10 points
task 11 – from 0 to 5 points
task 12 – from 0 to 14 points

Maximum number of points – 85 (additional points – 3)
Answer quality:
“5” - 73 – 85 points
"4" - 58 - 72
"3" - 43 - 57
“2” - 42 points or less.

Results of differentiated credit
Group: _____________ Subject ______________________ Teacher ___________________________ Date _____________
Goal: to establish the level of competency development among students in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for NGOs.

Last name, first name
Emotionally
– psychological
Regulatory
competencies
Social
competencies
Educational
competencies
Creative
competencies
Competencies
self-improvement.
B
ABOUT

1
2
4
6
7
---
10
AI
8
5
3
9
11
12
---
A
C
ABOUT

Total: people, %

Analytical note on the results of differentiated testing
in ______group by __________________________________________
for the 2011 – 2012 academic year.
Goal: to establish the level of implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard among students.
The test consisted of the following tasks:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Based on the results of the test work, the following results were obtained:
1. Implementation of the Federal State Standard in terms of the development of general competencies:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Implementation of the Federal State Standard in terms of the development of subject competencies:
Students demonstrated proficiency in _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Students showed the following level of competence development (%):
Emotional – psychological ______________________________
Regulatory ______________________________
Social ______________________________
Educational and cognitive ______________________________
Creative ______________________________
Self-improvement competencies ______________________________

Conclusions based on the results of the control (practical) work:
The students showed proficiency in the Federal State Education Standard for __________________________________________ at the _______________________ level.
(unacceptable, acceptable, optimal)
It was possible to achieve a high level of formation ______________________________________________________________________________.
In further work, you should pay attention to the formation of _______________________________________________________________________________.

Date: Teacher: ______________________ References:

Regulatory documents

Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”
State educational standard of general complete education in a foreign language
Federal State Educational Standard for Primary Vocational Education
Sample English language program

Literature

Methodological materials for teachers in preparation for the Unified State Exam. Ekaterinburg. 2008.
Temnyatkina O.V. Methodology for developing assessment funds of the Basic Professional Educational Program based on the Federal State Educational Standard. Ekaterinburg. 2011.
Methodology for designing basic professional educational programs of educational institutions of scientific and vocational training and secondary vocational education based on the new generation Federal State Educational Standard. Ekaterinburg. 2011.
4. Temnyatkina O.V. Assessment of student educational outcomes
Educational institutions of scientific and vocational education and vocational education based on a competency-based approach. Ekaterinburg. 2009.
Educational and training materials for preparing for the Unified State Exam. Moscow. 2009.
Vyborova G.E. Check yourself! English tests. M.1996.

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Slide captions:

The state of environment should worry everyone. Our future depends only on us. The rule of 3Rs

The question about the state of environment should worry everyone. Our health depends on its state. Environment is water that we drink, the air which we breathe. Caring about the world we care about ourselves.

People buy a lot of unnecessary things. Only buy what you really need and use all of it. Thinking about buying something new? Try the 30-day rule – only buy it if you still want it 30 days after you first saw it!

Always switch off the lights when you leave an empty room. Use light bulbs that save energy. We need to protect the natural materials.

Save on paper. Try to cut down on the amount off paper you use. Use a computer and proofread your writing on the screen before you print it out. Use both sides of paper and then recycle it

Our world has lots of litter. Buy things with simple packaging that can easily be recycled.

Let's plant trees. Our future depends only on us. Let's make it happy and bright.

TESTS (TEST TASKS) Theme “Ecology” 10th form ON THE TOPIC “ECOLOGY” 10th GRADE

1.Match the words to make up phrases. Put the letters in the correct order. 1 . writing a) lunch 2 . vegetable b) consumption 3 . compost c) paper 4 . packed d) heap 5 . energy e) peelings 6 . excessive f) packaging

2.Match the words to make up phrases. Put the letters in the correct order. There is one extra letter. 1 . global a) programs 2 . modern b) warming 3 . power c) stations 4 . conservation d) lifestyles 5 . natural e) crops f) habitat

3.Guess the words and unscramble them. Don’t 1)TASEW fruit and vegetable material. Make a 2)POSTMOC PEHA in your garden. Then you will have good 3)TILIREFRES for your plants.

4.Guess the words and write them correctly. I always switch off the 1)....(l - - h - s) when I leave an empty room. Besides, I use only light bulbs that save 2)...(- - e - g -). Finally, I turn down the 3)…..(- e - t - - g) when it is warm in the room.

5.Guess the words and fill in the gaps. -How can we use the rule of 3Rs to protect the environment? -First, we should 1)…. glass, paper and plastic. More than that, it is essential that we 2)… old boxes, jars and bottles. Next, we should do our best to 3)… energy and paper consumption, rubbish, the amount of water we use.

6.Complete the sentences using the best answer. We care about the environment so we have come 1) …. with some practical ways of protecting it: -Always switch 2)… the lights and the electrical appliances when you don’t need them. -Turn 3)… the heating and put 4)… warmer clothes if you cold. -Think carefully how you can reuse old things before you throw them 5)… . -Try to cut 6) … packaging and paper. 1. A on B up C to 2. A off B on C at 3. A on B up C down 4. A up B out C on 5. A away B into C about 6. A on B down C down on

7. With hoose the right answer -They say you have an environmental awareness day at school today. What does it mean? -It’s a special day when we learn what we 1) don’t have to/should do to protect the environment. You know how we 2) can/mustn’t help to save the planet. -That sounds interesting. What do you do? -Well, for a start, everyone 3) should/can’t walk or cycle to school to save energy. And we 4) mustn’t/must make sure we don’t waste energy. -I see. Besides, we 5) ought/should recycle paper, glass and plastic. -You are right. I think you 6) had better/have to have an environmental awareness day at your school, too.

8. Make up tips from the following words 1.cut/consumption/try/down/on/energy/to/should/you 2.both/paper/you/before/sides/must/use/of/you/it/ recycle 3.can/magazines/swap/books/and/you/your/friends/with 4.mustn't/throw/old/away/you/bottles/jars/and

9.Correct the mistakes in the statements. 1. People can’t ignore the affects of global warming. 2. We will loose many species if rainforests continue to disappear. 3. The whether is becoming more and more unpredictable. 4. Large areas of land are in danger of becoming desserts.

10.Fill in the gaps choosing the best answer. -I think we can’t live without cutting down trees because it 1)… us with wood and paper and space for new roads and buildings. -Yes, you are right but it 2)… wildlife habitats and 3)… the amount of pollutants and CO2 emissions in the air. So cutting down trees 4)…global warming and climate change. -May be you right but what do you think of modern transport? It 5)... our towns and cities and 6)... the environment. -Yes, it’s a problem but modern transport 7)… us time and effort. 1. A increases B provides C improves 2. A destroys B builds C plants 3. A decreases B increases C pollutes 4. A cuts down B congests C causes 5. A congests B destroys C provides 6. A saves B pollutes C provides 7 .A causes B improves C saves

Thank you for your attention! Secondary School No17 English teacher Pechckurova Helen