The OBI hypermarket catalog presents building enamels from Russian and foreign manufacturers. The products are sold in sealed containers at prices ranging from 40 to 1,599 rubles per item. The assortment includes more than 120 items.

Features of choice

Buyers take into account the main parameters of paints and varnishes:

• . Type of varnish (film-forming substance).
• . Type of solvent.
• . Level of gloss (glossy, semi-matte or matte).
• . Scope of application (for external, internal finishing works or universal).
• . Color and degree of transparency.
• . Drying time after application.
• . Consumption per square meter of surface.

Alkyd, pentaphthalic and acrylic enamel paints are available in 0.47-2.7 liter cans.

Buy enamel paints and varnishes at the OBI hypermarket and use the service .

Payment and delivery methods

• 1. Buy goods online with delivery

• . You can pay for your order in cash or by bank transfer.
• . You will agree on the date and time of delivery with the operator by phone when confirming the order.
• . The conditions for the free provision of the service depend on the city, amount and weight of the product.
• . Unloading of goods, lifting and carrying are considered additional services and may be paid separately, check with the store operator.

Detailed information about intervals and zones by city, conditions for unloading and picking up orders can be found , where you can independently calculate the cost of your delivery in advance, indicating the postal address and parameters for unloading.

• 2. Order and pick up yourself where it’s convenient for you

• . When filling out the order form, indicate the date and time convenient for you to visit the hypermarket.
• . You can pay for your purchase in cash or by bank transfer at the store's cash desks.

Purchased goods can be picked up independently at any of the OBI stores in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Ryazan, Volgograd, Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov, Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Omsk, Krasnodar, Surgut, Bryansk, Tula and Volzhsky.

To ensure the protection of wooden products, a variety of means are used: impregnations, varnishes, paints. In order not to get confused in choosing this or that product, the buyer should know some of the subtleties of choosing such a composition.

This article will discuss the nuances of choosing a varnish for a wooden surface.

Peculiarities

Varnish is a viscous composition obtained from dissolved resin substances and polymers. When applied to a surface, such a substance forms a shiny film. This coating is used to protect the outer layers of wood, since they are highly vulnerable to various influences.

Thus, the life cycle of a wooden product with the help of the applied substance will be extended.

The properties of each varnish composition completely depend on its components. For example, using alkyd substances, you can protect a wooden coating from moisture, and with the help of alkyd-urea compounds, the coating acquires additional strength.

Kinds

The most important criterion for any varnish composition is its gloss.

Therefore, the parameters of protective substances for tree species are divided as follows:

• High gloss varnish. The brightness of the reflective light from the surface of the wood for this composition reaches 90%. This finishing material is the best in terms of gloss quality.
• Glossy composition. The described parameter varies between 80-90%.
• Semi-gloss varnish. When using this composition, the gloss parameter takes values ​​from 40 to 50%.

• Semi-matte material. Gloss has parameters of 10-15%.
• Matt lacquer. The brightness of the reflective light from the surface is less than 10%.

Varnish coatings are also divided by area of ​​application - they are for both outdoor and indoor use.

Varnishes for interior work. Such compositions are especially popular, because they not only protect surfaces from various types of influences, but also decorate them, making any wooden product beautiful and pleasing to the eye.

Experts divide such varnishing compositions into several types:

• parquet;
• furniture;
• universal.

Parquet

Designed for parquet covering. This board needs a high-quality protective coating, so manufacturers recommend using this particular category of paintwork materials for this. In addition, the coating of the lamellas after applying this composition acquires a rich and sophisticated appearance.

Parquet paints and varnishes have a wide range: in stores you can find both matte and glossy varieties.

When choosing this composition, you should focus on several criteria:

• A room where additional protection is required. For example, if a homeowner wants to varnish the floor of a bedroom, then there is no need to use expensive varnish, because in this room there is no special impact on the floor, which cannot be said about the corridor or kitchen.
• Technological features of the composition. An important factor here is the consistency of the substance and the method of its application.
• Product type. It is presented in the form of a transparent substance or has a certain tint.
• Gloss level. Here we mean matte or glossy.

As mentioned above, it is measured as a percentage.

• Resistance of the composition to various external influences: ultraviolet radiation, loads and other equally important criteria.
• Coating service life.

Parquet varnish can be divided into several varieties, R they will be discussed below:

Primer composition

Used to enhance adhesion to wood during the initial stage of processing. It is necessary if you want to obtain an even color scheme of the product, as well as to isolate the wood from moisture influences.

Using this composition, you can save a lot of money, because very little finishing coating is required. When choosing it, you should be especially careful - the substance must be suitable for the finishing component of the finish.

Water soluble composition

Consumers choose this particular composition most often, since the price-quality ratio is optimal. This substance contains not only water, but also various solvents and emulsifiers. Thanks to this, this product dries a little longer than its analogues.

These compositions have several varieties, differing from each other in the absence or presence of a percentage of solvents, which can be either 5% or 15%. Among the positive aspects of using this composition, it is worth noting the absence of any odor, as well as its non-flammability.

There are many more negative sides, but this fact has virtually no effect on the popularity of this product among consumers.

The disadvantages of using this composition include the following:

1. At the time of application, such a solution is able to penetrate into all the cracks, which creates some inconvenience - a creaking sound appears in the floor. This nuance can be corrected by using a primer at the initial stage, which must contain water.
2. Another disadvantage of using such a composition is poor wear resistance. It is possible to improve this characteristic at the production stage: manufacturers use special substances - additives - as additives to the composition. However, this water-soluble varnish can only be used if there is no high humidity in the room: manufacturers advise using this paintwork material when the level is less than 50%.
3. When applying a water-soluble composition, rollers should be used: brushes and sponges are not advisable for this process.

Polyurethane

The main purpose of such a product is additional protection of the coating from external loads. The composition has high adhesion and dries quickly.

Additionally, it is worth noting other distinctive features of this material:

• Polyurethane compounds consist of either one component or two. Therefore, it is recommended to mix them thoroughly before application.
• In the production of such a substance, a solvent is used, as well as urethane or acrylic.
• When applying and drying the composition, it is necessary to ensure its protection - do not allow water or moisture to come into contact with the substance.
• The use of this product allows for the absence of an additional layer of primer.
• The composition is highly elastic.
• The composition can be used without special requirements for the temperature conditions of the room.
• During operation, the surface where the polyurethane varnish was applied will not be afraid of water.

Alkyd

In the production of this substance, manufacturers use natural ingredients - oil resins. They are wood components or flax substances. These components penetrate well into the structure of the wooden coating and reliably protect it throughout its entire service life.

Alkyd substances are quite toxic components; in their composition you can often see an ingredient such as white spirit.

It is worth noting several more distinctive qualities of this composition:

• When alkyd components are applied to wood, its texture becomes brighter, which enhances the natural beauty of the species.
• Using this varnish, the consumer will forget about the negative effects of moisture and mechanical stress.
• Alkyd coating differs from its analogues in that the solution is not fluid, so when applied, the varnish will not spread and get into all sorts of crevices. This means that there will be no problems with gluing wood to other materials.
• The moment of drying of such a composition should be accompanied by low temperature values, since the varnish is quite sensitive to elevated temperatures.
• Alkyd substances have a low level of wear resistance.
• This paintwork material should be applied to the wood structure in a thin layer, this must be carefully monitored.

Formaldehyde

The basis for such a substance is formaldehyde resins.

They are very harmful to the health of others, so during the application process it is necessary to use protective equipment - respirators.

The main characteristic features of the use of this composition are the following positions:

• such paintwork materials are the most wear-resistant;
• usually this composition is applied as a final coat to a wooden surface without the use of a primer;
• the substance adheres well to wooden surfaces;
• this composition is not afraid of temperature fluctuations and moisture;
• when applying this substance, you can use almost any tool: roller, brush and other objects;
• such compositions have an unpleasant, pungent odor;
• The composition of the varnish is thick, this must be taken into account, since there is a possibility of gluing the boards together.

1. A water-soluble composition is perfect for bedrooms;
2. the alkyd composition of the substance can be used for a living room, loggia or office;
3. Formaldehyde substances are usually used in the corridor, hallway and kitchen.

Furniture

By using paints and varnishes for furniture, the home owner will not only receive an excellent option for protection from external factors, but will also thereby emphasize the natural texture of the wooden product.

This composition for wooden furniture can be divided into the following types:

• oil;
• alcoholic;
• alkyd;
• acrylic;
• nitrocellulose;
• epoxy;
• polyurethane.

Oil

This paintwork material can easily thicken during storage. Turpentine is usually used to dilute it. The application of such a composition should be carried out using a high-hardness brush; you can also use a sprayer.

After application, the wood coating will take quite a long time to dry, since the oil composition does not contain volatile solvents. To apply the second layer to the surface of the wood, you must wait until the first one has dried, after which it is recommended to clean the surface from dust and sand it. The process must be repeated before applying the third layer. The result should be a shiny, glossy surface.

The surface treated with this composition is not afraid of moisture, ultraviolet rays and elevated temperatures. To speed up the drying process of the composition, the treated product must be placed in a bright, ventilated room with a low level of humidity.

After drying, you need to ventilate the room until the unpleasant odor disappears. Experts advise polishing the surface to achieve maximum gloss levels.

To do this, use a swab soaked in alcohol. It can be made from a piece of cotton wool or wool the size of a chicken egg. Additionally, this material is wrapped in soft linen fabric. The lower part of the tampon is covered with a small amount of Vaseline or sunflower oil. Then perform circular movements on the surface until there are no dry spots left.

Alcoholic

This type of coating is produced using alcohol and natural resin ingredients.

The composition has the following distinctive characteristics:

1. good adhesion;
2. high strength to mechanical stress;
3. excellent shine;
4. the composition is not moisture resistant.

Typically, this composition is used for coating wooden surfaces that require polishing.

Alkyd

The basis for the production of this type of wood varnish is a solution of synthetic resins and solvent. The film formed after drying is transparent and hard. During the surface coating process, the color scheme does not change. This paintwork material is resistant to moisture and has excellent adhesive properties.

Acrylic

This composition is based on water and has good strength. Wood coated with such a coating does not change its color, and the texture of the wood species is completely preserved. However, it is worth considering the point that the composition is not moisture resistant, so the use of this finishing material in wet rooms is not recommended.

Polyurethane (polyester)

This substance is distinguished by the presence of polyesters and diisocyanates in its composition. It can be either one-component or two-component. Before application, the isocyanate and solution are mixed to obtain the required consistency for use.

These compounds are elastic and form a durable film. Additionally, it is worth noting that the coating is resistant to abrasion and mechanical stress. Furniture coated with this varnish will last for many years.

Nitrocellulose

The basis of this coating is resin with the addition of colloxylin and organic mixtures. Suitable for application to any wooden surface. The varnish is characterized by high strength, smooth surface and excellent decorative properties.

The optimal temperature at which the varnish will dry in about an hour is 20°C.

Once the composition is completely dry, it will become completely safe for human health.

Epoxy

This substance contains a solution of epoxy resin and organic solvents.

The advantages of this type of paintwork:

1. resistance to moisture;
2. mechanical strength of the material;
3. high gloss parameters;
4. harmlessness.

Among the disadvantages, it is worth highlighting the exact adherence to the preparation technology, since the composition is two-component and poor elasticity. The composition is used to cover parquet, doors, furniture, windows and floors.

Universal

There are many options for universal formulations. Below is an example of one of these varnishes.

Acrylic universal glossy varnish Kudo. This composition is necessary to give surfaces a decorative shine. Such surfaces include wooden, metal or plastic products. The composition is easy to apply even to the surface where there is a layer of paint. It is worth noting that the varnish is universal not only due to its ability to be applied to a wide variety of surfaces, but also because it can be used for both interior and exterior work.

The composition features the following characteristics:

• varnish can hide coating defects;
• provides reliable protection against abrasion;
• protects the product from mechanical influences;
• without a specific odor;
• the varnish is completely transparent;
• not afraid of moisture.

Varnish for outdoor use. This composition is distinguished by reliable protection of the surface from environmental factors; all the individual characteristics of each wooden covering are taken into account.

It is worth noting that such varnish is quite expensive, however, due to the fact that the wooden surface will be under reliable protection, this fact can be ignored: over time, the cost of the finishing material will pay off.

Color spectrum

The main task of a paint coating is to create a durable coating and give it a color effect.

Using colored varnish has several advantages:

• protection from external factors;
• decorative function;
• the service life of the material increases.

Homeowners often purchase glossy varnish for their interiors - this applies to rooms that are quite dark. The clear look is one of the few examples where the natural structure of wood is emphasized through the application of varnish.

When choosing a specific color scheme, you need to understand that it has a huge number of shades.

For example, by covering a parquet board with walnut-colored paints and varnishes, you can get several different color effects. It can be beige, red, black or dark brown.

Home owners also like to use tinting compounds. They cover doors, furniture, and parquet. The wood gains an unsurpassed appearance, as well as resistance to mechanical stress. Blue stains, fungus and mold will not form on this surface.

Scope of application

As mentioned above, varnish can be used both for interior and exterior work. It all depends on the composition; you need to study it carefully before purchasing. Interior varnish can be used to paint wooden furniture, doors, floors and other household items.

Paintwork materials for exterior work are used for finishing the following structures and elements:

• building facades;
• furniture parts;
• gazebos;
• enclosing structures;
• wooden flooring;
• terrace designs;
• beams;
• log cabins

For application over large areas, you can use an aerosol paint in a can or spray. A representative of this type of coating material is bitumen varnish. It protects the surface from rotting, mold and mildew.

Consumption

The consumption of paints and varnishes depends on several indicators:

• Category of processed surface. If the wood is endowed with deep pores, then the consumption for it will be clearly higher than for a regular wooden covering. For example, ash and oak will require much more composition than beech or pine.
• Composition viscosity. The viscous composition does not spread over the surface, which means that much more of it will be required.
• The consumption of coatings also depends on the quality of surface grinding. It is worth noting that if the surface is sanded well, then less varnish will be needed.
• Method of applying paints and varnishes. Using a paint gun, you can save a lot on the amount of composition. Roller and brush use up a lot more varnish.

The average consumption of paints and varnishes is known: usually 1 liter of substance covers about 8-10 square meters of surface. When applied as a second layer, the coating can cover an area of ​​20 square meters. m.

Applying varnish in 2 layers guarantees color fastness and the required surface protection.

How to cover?

To varnish wood texture, use the following application technology:

• The old surface must be sanded using sandpaper.
• After this, you should sand the surface and remove dust from it.

It is worth polishing the surface more carefully, because the amount of paintwork materials depends on this.

• If tinting varnish is used, then you need to use stain.
• Then you need to apply a primer. In this case, you must follow all the rules for its use.
• The final step is to apply the varnish using a brush, roller or spray.

To make the process easier, apply the varnish using a roller.. The brush is suitable for hard-to-reach places. To ensure that no marks from the brush remain on the surface, you need to choose it with a slight fluff at the end.

As for the sprayer, it can cover large areas in a short period of time.

If you need to varnish the surface of wooden furniture, you should use two layers, and when treating the floor - three.

Manufacturers

Currently, there are many more manufacturers of paints and varnishes than a few years ago. This is due, first of all, to the active construction of new buildings and structures.

• Among domestic firms it is worth highlighting the Technocolor company. This manufacturer produces water-based acrylic and polyurethane compositions for wood. The color palette includes more than 50 shades, including white and even red paintwork. This manufacturer also produces other types of paints and varnishes, but in more limited quantities.

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Varnish for exterior woodwork is designed to protect products that are used outdoors from negative factors: ultraviolet radiation, pests, high humidity. Accordingly, special attention should be paid to the selection and application of compositions, because in stores they are presented in a huge assortment. How to choose and apply correctly wood varnish for exterior use, we will talk in this article.

Today there are many compositions for coating wooden surfaces, but varnishes have one serious advantage - they allow you to preserve the unique and inimitable structure for which this natural material is valued.

Paints and varnishes are divided according to several criteria, one of which is the conditions under which the wood will be used. Products that are located in the open air are exposed to weather factors, which is why the wood constantly swells and contracts. Varnishes intended for treating external surfaces form an elastic film on the surface of the material, which allows the wood to withstand regular swelling and drying. Compositions for treating indoor surfaces do not have a sufficient degree of elasticity, so the film will quickly crack and begin to peel off.

Varnishes for external use are used to cover the following elements:

• wooden steps, terraces, porch;
• roof parts;
• facades of wooden houses;
• walls of baths;
• wooden sculptures and garden furniture;
• entrance doors.

Compositions that are intended for such purposes must reliably protect surfaces from negative factors, mechanical damage, and also have good decorative qualities.

Characteristics of varnishes for outdoor use

At their core, all varnishes are mixtures of substances that are capable of forming a protective film on the surface of the material. To extend the life of wooden products, the composition for external use must have a number of important characteristics.

1. Wear resistance. If you plan to use the varnish to cover fences, walls or other vertical surfaces, for the sake of economy, you can choose a composition with an average wear resistance. For steps or terraces that tend to wear out quickly, you should choose products with increased resistance to mechanical damage and wear.

   

2. Drying time. Typically, the complete drying time for compositions for exterior woodwork depends on the base and is approximately 24-30 hours. An alternative is quick-drying paints that allow you to finish the job in a few hours. It should be noted that the instructions usually indicate several points regarding the drying of the composition: tack time (the period during which dust and small debris stop sticking to the surface of the varnish), the drying time of the first layer necessary for applying the finishing layer, as well as the time for the formation of a solid film .

   

3. Resistance to mechanical damage. Wood is a soft material, and products that are used outdoors require special protection.
4. Resistance to ultraviolet rays. Exposure to UV rays is the main cause of wear of paint and varnish coatings, since when burned out, the composition quickly loses its protective properties. Accordingly, it is very important that the components include additives that increase UV resistance.

   

5. Waterproof. Another “weak point” of wooden products is their tendency to rot, so the varnish coating must repel moisture.

   

6. Fire safety. If the wood has not been pre-treated with special substances that protect the material from fire, special attention should be paid to the fire safety of the composition. The same applies to surfaces located in areas with an increased risk of fire, or those that are used in high-temperature environments.

The composition of varnishes for external woodwork may include substances that protect the material from pests, components that give the surface a glossy shine or dullness, and much more.

Types of varnishes for exterior woodwork

There are several types of paint and varnish compositions that are used for exterior woodwork, and each of them has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. The choice of a specific product depends on the characteristics of the material, the operating conditions of the product, as well as the final result that needs to be obtained.

Oil based varnishes

The basis of such products are purified, heat-treated oils, which give the compositions the necessary properties. The quality of the varnish coating directly depends on the quality of the base, so saving on products is not recommended. The second component of such varnishes is synthetic or natural resins, and most of the compositions sold in stores contain synthetics. The drying time of the compositions is quite long, so it is better to carry out work on clear days at air temperatures above 10 degrees and average humidity.

Important: when coated with oil-based varnish, the surface of the wood may darken slightly.

Depending on the proportions of resin and oil, compositions are fatty, semi-fat and lean. For the treatment of external surfaces, exclusively fatty varnishes are used (2 parts oil and 1 part resin), as they are characterized by resistance to atmospheric influences.

Varieties of such compositions are yacht and polyurethane varnishes. The first option is used for surfaces that are constantly in contact with water. Yacht (urethane-alkyd) varnish creates an elastic film on the surface that maintains integrity even as the wood contracts or expands.

HELO YACHT - urethane-alkyd quick-drying varnish

Important: applying yacht compounds requires mandatory priming of surfaces and care when carrying out work. The film that forms on the surface must be solid and dense. If moisture gets under it, the wood will begin to deteriorate from the inside and the product will lose its original appearance.

Video – Yacht varnish

Polyurethane varnishes

Polyurethane compounds are easy to work with and provide high-quality coating even if the technician does not have the appropriate skills. They dry quickly and protect the surface well from abrasion, mechanical damage and ultraviolet radiation.

Video - Application of polyurethane varnish

Alkyd varnishes

Compositions based on alkyd resins and solvent provide stable, durable and reliable coating of products. It is not affected by household chemicals, so the surface can be cleaned with any means. The disadvantages of solvent-based varnishes include a long drying time (about 24 hours) and the ability to change the color of the wood - after processing the material becomes yellowish. The most common alkyd varnishes are GF-166 and GF-177.

The basis of the composition is alkyd glyphthalic resin, modified with natural oils, with the addition of an organic solvent and substances that accelerate drying. Forms a transparent glossy film on the surface of products; drying time for one layer is 48 hours.

The composition and main characteristics of the varnish are identical to GF-166, but have a shorter drying time and require careful preparation for work.

Video - Coating with alkyd varnish

Water-based varnishes

This type of composition is made on the basis of an aqueous dispersion (for example, acrylic) with a small amount of solvent. Thanks to this, they do not have a strong odor and do not emit toxic fumes, and work can be carried out even indoors. Water-based varnishes have a wide variety of colors and can give the material any chosen shade without masking the unique structure of the wood. Surfaces treated with such compounds are not susceptible to fungi, mold and microorganisms and have an attractive appearance.

Water-based varnishes are divided into two types: they can contain only acrylic (one-component compositions) or acrylic with polyurethane (two-component compositions). Two-component acrylic-based coatings have improved performance properties and are not susceptible to negative environmental conditions.

Video - Acrylic wood varnish

Technical characteristics of different types of varnishes

Varnish type	Compound	Average drying time	Strength
Oil	Oil and resin, and an increased amount of resin promotes rapid drying of the composition, but reduces the strength of the coating	24-72 hours	High
Yacht (alkyd-urethane)	Alkyd resins, organic solvent, urethanes	2-4 hours	Very high
Polyurethane	Base with hardener (two-component composition), base with hardener and solvent (three-component)	4-12 hours	Very high
Alkyd	Alkyd resins, solvents (white spirit, solvent), substances that accelerate drying	Up to 48 hours	High
Water	Liquid polymer (acrylic dispersion), antiseptic, plasticizer	24 hours, but it takes 10-14 days for the film to form	Average

Important: alcohol compounds and nitro varnishes are not recommended for outdoor use. Alcohol-based varnishes are suitable exclusively for restoration and carpentry work, while nitro varnishes are characterized by low water resistance and are quickly destroyed when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

The most popular manufacturers of paints and varnishes include the following companies:

• AkzoNobel (Holland);
• Tikkurila (Finland);
• Henkel (Germany);
• BASF (Germany);
• DuPont (USA);
• Senezh (Russia).

Prices for various types of wood varnishes for outdoor use

Wood varnish

Step-by-step instructions for applying varnish

Correct application of varnish is the key to the reliability and durability of the finishing coating. The main point that needs to be taken into account before applying the work is that paint and varnish materials have some features and application conditions.

The remaining varnish can be poured into small bottles or jars (so that as little air as possible remains between the surface of the substance and the edge of the container), close tightly and place in a dark place, temperature from 5 to 30 degrees. Under such conditions, the composition can be stored for about a year.

How to determine varnish consumption?

To correctly determine the amount of paint and varnish mixture that will be needed to treat a certain surface area, you need to know the varnish consumption per square meter. This parameter depends on the technical characteristics of the material and the composition itself.

1. Wood type. Porous species (ash, walnut, oak, exotic wood) require more varnish, unlike non-porous species, which include maple, birch, aspen, and cherry.
2. Sanding quality. Well-treated and sanded wood requires less composition, so it is recommended to prepare the surface to save varnish.
3. Viscosity of varnish. The thickness of the paint and varnish material also affects its consumption - the thicker the composition, the greater the amount required to process the product. For this reason, when carrying out work, solvent or water is added to the varnish.
4. Tools used to apply the composition. To reduce varnish consumption, it is important to choose the right application tool.

On average, the consumption of paint and varnish mixture when applying the first layer is a liter per 8-10 square meters, and when applying subsequent layers - a liter per 10-12 square meters. m.

Stage one. Tool selection

The application of varnish is carried out using various tools, mainly with a brush, roller or spray. Not only the consumption of the composition, as mentioned above, but also the quality of the coating depends on the choice of tool.

The cheapest, most common and accessible option. Most often in stores you can find brushes with natural, mixed or artificial bristles. Natural brushes are best suited for oil-based paints, but when working, you should squeeze out the bristles well - they have the ability to pick up and hold varnish, so drips and unevenness may form on the treated surface. Synthetic brushes provide a smooth surface and are practically not subject to wear. Mixed bristles combine the advantages of natural and synthetic bristles, and the brushes are ideal for outdoor use.

Roller

The tool is convenient for processing large areas: fences, facades, etc. Rollers for applying varnish are distinguished by the characteristics of the working surface of the tool, length of pile and size. Long pile can be deformed during operation, as a result of which the quality of the coating decreases. Large rollers reduce the processing time of products, but are inferior in terms of convenience, since small ones create a more uniform and dense film. The best option for outdoor work is a medium-sized tool with long, reinforced bristles.

Spray

A spray gun or spray gun is the most convenient tool for painting fences and facades, since it can be used to easily treat hard-to-reach places. Spraying makes it possible to create a high-quality, smooth and uniform coating. Spray guns can have different tank volumes, engine power and performance - the higher these characteristics, the more expensive the unit, but working with budget models is not very convenient, as they quickly overheat and turn off.

Prices for paint sprayers

Spray gun

Stage two. Surface preparation

For better adhesion of paints and varnishes and proper quality of the future coating, the surface should be well treated. If you apply the composition to unprepared wood, the coating will quickly lose its attractive appearance, crack and peel off.

The old coating (if any) must be removed with sandpaper, a spatula or a hair dryer down to a clean, solid base.

If there are cracks or crevices in the wood, they must be removed using a special putty.

Clean the surface of the product from dust, small debris and sand it with sandpaper. If there are stains of grease or resin, sanding should be done along the grain - thanks to this, small fibers will not pick up, and the wood will become as smooth as possible. Before further processing, the surface must dry thoroughly.

Stage three. Primer

Some craftsmen do not consider priming, or coating lumber with special compounds, as a mandatory processing step, but there are several objective reasons for their use:

• the primer ensures good adhesion of materials - in other words, the varnish adheres better to the surface and adheres well to it;
• the surface after treatment with a primer becomes smoother, making the coating smooth and aesthetically pleasing;
• the use of primers makes it possible to reduce varnish consumption and save money.

The primer composition is selected depending on the characteristics of the material and the composition for the final coating. Alkyd primer well emphasizes the structure of wood and increases its wear resistance, water-dispersed compositions do not have a strong odor and are non-toxic, and shellac primers are recommended for coating poorly dried and damp wood

When choosing a primer taking into account the characteristics of the finishing coating, you need to take into account that for polyurethane-based paintwork materials, it is recommended to choose compositions containing a solvent. When using water-dispersed paints and varnishes, it is best to use an acrylic or water-based primer. For outdoor work, it is recommended to choose formulations that additionally contain components that prevent the appearance of rot, mildew and mold.

You can begin applying the compositions after preparation (the process is described above) and thorough drying of the surface.

Step 1. Prepare the composition (dilute according to the instructions) and mix it well. Pour it into a suitable container wide enough to dip your brush into.

Step 2. Apply the solution to the surface in an even layer, brushing or rolling along the wood grain. When processing a facade or fence, pay special attention to the lower part, as it is most susceptible to moisture.

Step 3. Wait until the first coat of primer dries well.

Step 4. Clean the dried layer with sandpaper; if the surface is uneven, use wood putty. Remove dust from the wood that has formed after sanding.

Step 5. Apply another 1-2 layers on top of the first layer, each of them should be allowed to dry thoroughly.

After the primer has dried, they begin finishing - coating the product with a varnish mixture.

Prices for wood preservatives

Impregnation for wood

Stage four. Varnish coating

Before applying varnish to wood, it is recommended to carry out an adhesion test. Cover a small area of ​​the prepared surface with the composition, apply the composition, and after 2-3 days try to remove it with a coin or spatula. If the coating is difficult to remove, it means that the varnish has bonded well with the base. If a coin or spatula leaves clearly visible, deep marks, it is necessary to treat the surface again or choose a different varnish.

It is best to apply varnish to a horizontal surface, so if possible, the product should be placed vertically - for example, when processing doors, remove them from their hinges and place them on trestles.

The process of applying varnish to wooden surfaces

Step 1. Prepare the composition (if necessary, dilute it with water or white spirit), mix well, pour into a suitable container.

Step 2. Apply the first coat of varnish to the wood. Apply the mixture onto a tool (brush, roller) and squeeze lightly to avoid drips. On horizontal surfaces the varnish is applied in stripes, and on vertical surfaces - in cross movements, uniform and smooth. Some compositions (for example, acrylic) set almost immediately, so you need to work quickly enough so that no brush marks remain on the surface. The varnish needs to be rubbed well and ensure that no bubbles appear on the surface - they can be removed by brushing along the grain of the wood. When working, pay special attention to hard-to-reach places and corners.

Step 3. After applying the first layer, it should be allowed to dry. The drying time of the varnish differs for each type of composition: in the case of water-based paints and varnishes it ranges from 1 to 12 hours, for alkyd and polyurethane mixtures - 24 hours, so it is better to clarify it in the instructions for the product.

Step 4. Once the initial coating has dried, it is best to sand it with fine-grained sandpaper - this way the second layer of varnish will adhere well to the first.

Step 5. Apply a second layer of the compound, this time undiluted, and let dry.

Step 6. Evaluate the treated surface in good lighting, if necessary, apply another 1-2 layers of varnish.

When using high-quality compounds and correct application, two layers of varnish are usually sufficient for a good surface finish.

Tinted varnishes are usually used to cover inexpensive types of wood. When processing, you can solve two problems at once: protect the material from damage and negative factors, and also “ennoble” its appearance. The technology for applying such compositions is no different from applying conventional ones, but has a number of nuances.

Sheathing with imitation timber: step-by-step instructions Wood sealant

In order to protect products and various wooden structures that are located outdoors, you need to use wood varnish for outdoor use. All wooden structures and outdoor parts (stairs and steps, roof and its components, deck boards, various gazebos, outdoor furniture and decorative wooden structures) are very susceptible to atmospheric precipitation. Snow, rain, strong winds, as well as direct sunlight and various insects have a destructive effect on any unprotected wooden surfaces, so they must be reliably protected.

Polyurethane varnish for exterior use is a special solution of polyurethane in an organic solvent. No alkyd additives or other impurities are added to the varnish. Polyurethane-based varnish creates a special protective coating that penetrates 5 millimeters into the wood and creates a reliable protective layer with increased wear resistance.

Types of polyurethane varnishes for wood for outdoor use

Polyurethane varnish for wooden surfaces is classified into:

• One-component. This type is a ready-made solution. Characterized by increased environmental safety indicators. Completely harmless to people and the environment. There is no specific smell. With prolonged use, the wooden coating does not fade;
• Two-component. This type consists of a component that acts as a hardener and the main mass. Before use, they must be mixed and prepared to obtain a ready-made varnish solution for coating wooden surfaces. Forms a fairly strong protective film that prevents the effects of chemical detergents, and also makes the surface very resistant to mechanical stress.

Single-component and two-component polyurethane varnish provides excellent protection for surfaces made of various types of wood. They penetrate deep enough into the wood fibers and provide reliable adhesion.

According to the result they provide, polyurethane varnishes can be further divided into:

• Glossy. The treated surface becomes shiny;
• Semi-matte. The treated surface is darker, there is no shine.

What is the difference between polyurethane varnish for exterior use and polyurethane varnish for interior use?

The main purpose of varnish for interior work is to create a decorative look for wooden surfaces. A tree located indoors is exposed to destructive factors much less than a tree outside. A quick-drying wood varnish for exterior use has more protective qualities. It has an increased degree of impregnation and creates a more wear-resistant protective layer that protects wood products from both natural and mechanical influences.

Methods for treating surfaces with polyurethane varnish for exterior use

When treating surfaces with polyurethane varnish, you must follow all the recommendations indicated in the relevant instructions. This is especially true for two-component varnish. The components must be mixed, strictly observing the proportions, otherwise the varnish will dry out very quickly or, on the contrary, will be very liquid. Two-component varnish hardens quickly, so you need to calculate the required amount of varnish and do not prepare it in large volumes.

Before applying varnish, you must carefully prepare the surface. It should be even, smooth and clean. Therefore, the first thing we do is clean and polish it. The surface must be completely dry. Applying varnish to a damp surface is strictly prohibited. After preparing the surface, you can apply varnish. You can use a brush made of synthetic material or a mohair roller. It is recommended to apply varnish in the direction of the wood grain, and not vice versa. The optimal ambient temperature when applying varnish should be between 18-24 degrees. It is recommended to apply in 3 layers. After each applied layer, you need to wait a period of time so that the varnish layer has time to dry. The last layer usually takes about 7-8 hours to dry. In cloudy weather with low temperatures, the drying period will increase.

The main advantages of ZAR colorless polyurethane varnish for exterior use

Colorless polyurethane varnish ZAR for exterior use is a high-tech formula that allows you to create a reliable protective layer. This varnish is quick-drying. Under optimal ambient temperature conditions, each layer of varnish dries in 2 hours. After coating with this varnish, the surface becomes quite rigid and resistant to any kind of mechanical stress, especially friction. Excellent protection against exposure to sunlight and various atmospheric phenomena. ZAR polyurethane varnish contains antioxidants that prevent the destruction of wood from the inside. You can visit our specialized online store at very competitive prices.

There are many. When deciding which wood varnish is best to choose, take into account the purpose of the materials being processed and the conditions in which they will be used.

Alkyd varnishes

Wood varnishes with alkyd compounds are used for treating wood indoors and outdoors. In terms of durability, this type of varnish is one of the best. The wood coating is hard and reliably protects the wood from moisture. The varnish is resistant to ultraviolet rays. There are also minor drawbacks: the varnish takes a long time to dry, at least three days. Additional additives in alkyd varnishes can reduce drying time to up to a day.

Another type of alkyd varnish is products with urethane group additives. Such varnishes dry much faster - up to 12 hours, while the strength characteristics of the coating itself increase significantly.

Oil varnishes

Oil-based varnishes are also often used for indoor wood finishing. Such products are presented in several shades: from pale yellow to intense brown. The final appearance of the processed product will depend on the chosen shade of varnish.

The composition of this type of varnish varies in terms of fat content. Fatty and medium-fat varnishes apply easily and well to the surface and, in addition to the decorative effect, serve as protection for the surface. Varnishes with a low fat content, up to 55%, are used exclusively for the aesthetic treatment of wood.

Water-based acrylic varnishes

Choosing acrylic varnish for wood is for environmentally friendly people. The material is safe from this point of view, it has no odor, and gives the treated wood fire-resistant properties. These varnishes are used for finishing interiors and exteriors. They retain the texture of the wood, but do not give off a yellowish tint like other types of varnishes. Usually, stores offer a whole line of varnishes that have varying degrees of gloss. These products are not recommended for rooms with high traffic and constant, let alone high, humidity. Ultraviolet rays do not have a significant effect on the varnish. Acrylic varnish takes a long time to dry; it takes about 2 weeks for the film to completely form.

Nitrovarnishes

This type of varnish is used for different types of wood, but mainly for indoor work, since there is no resistance to ultraviolet rays. Nitrovarnishes are also not used in damp rooms. In other cases, they are good because they quickly penetrate the wood, provide reliable protection and dry very quickly, within just a couple of hours. It is necessary to apply nitrovarnish in a respirator, since it contains solvents that have a high degree of toxicity.

Polyurethane varnishes

Very often, varnishes with a polyurethane composition are used for exterior finishing. The most famous type of this varnish is yacht varnish. It is resistant to moisture, wear-resistant, and can withstand high traffic. The surface of wood after coating with polyurethane varnish is usually glossy. This product is also often used to treat furniture, floor coverings, and even small interior items.