In Japan, school uniforms appeared at the end of the 19th century. Nowadays, most private and public schools have school uniforms. The Japanese word for uniform is seifuku. There are no uniforms in primary grades; they are introduced at the request of the educational organization. Where it is, boys usually wear white shirts, short white, dark blue or black shorts and caps. For girls, a school suit may consist of a long gray skirt and a white blouse. Dress code may vary depending on the season. Bright headdresses are common among both boys and girls. Middle and high school uniforms traditionally consist of military-style uniforms for boys and sailor-style uniforms for girls. This uniform is based on military clothing from the Meiji period, modeled on European naval uniforms. At the same time, many schools are switching to school uniforms similar to the Western ones worn in parish schools. It includes a white shirt, tie, sweater with the school crest and trousers for boys and white blouses, ties, sweaters with the school crest and plaid woolen skirts for girls.

The gakuran or tsume-eri is the men's uniform in many middle and high schools in Japan. Usually gakuran is black, but in some schools it can be dark blue or brown. Gakuran comes from a type of Prussian military uniform. The word is a combination of the characters gaku, meaning "to study" or "student", and ran, meaning Holland or, historically in Japan, the whole West; thus, gakuran is translated as "Western Disciple". The same clothes are worn by schoolchildren in South Korea and were worn in China until 1949. But, it’s the 21st century, so the Japanese form has switched to the Western type, and it is precisely because of this that it is loved by many in the world. It began to gain particular popularity when anime about educational institutions began to be shown. This is roughly what she looks like now (/ =ω=)/

England became the legislator of the tradition of wearing a school uniform. The first school uniform in England, which appeared in the mid-sixteenth century, was made of blue material. This color was used in making the uniform because it was supposed to teach the child to humility. Another advantage to this fact was the low cost of the material. ... After the first uniform was introduced in the United Kingdom, there was still no law making the education system compulsory, so special clothing was introduced gradually. The year 1870 was marked by changes, when a law was passed that obliged all British citizens to primary education. Accordingly, the percentage of students who needed to be dealt with somehow increased. School uniforms have become tools for developing discipline among students, and also contributed to the formation of the necessary relationships between students. Thus, an increasing number of school institutions began to use uniforms that were common to all. ... If we go back to history, school uniforms were originally created for the poor. But private schools gradually began to appear, but in their case, the school uniform, on the contrary, served not to ensure equality of students, but to have a distinctive feature that emphasized their belonging to the highest elite class. Now this element turns into an object of authority. ... At the same time, certain rules are invented that determine prestige within the educational institution. The blazer is fastened with a specific number of buttons, the headdress is worn at a certain angle, the shoelaces are laced in the specified way, the bag is carried by two handles or one. This was unnoticeable to ordinary citizens, but for every student in the school it was a determination of each person’s place in the hierarchy of the institution. The school uniform was fully adapted to the UK climate. ...

In our country, 1834 can be considered the date of the official birth of school uniforms. It was then that a law was passed that approved the general system of all civilian uniforms in the empire, including gymnasium uniforms. At that time, this rule applied only to boys, and in 1896, school uniforms were introduced for girls. They were supposed to wear formal dresses with pleated knee-length skirts of different colors depending on their age: at 6-9 years old - brown, at 9-12 years old - blue, at 12-15 years old - gray, at 15-18 years old - white. School uniforms were required to be worn not only while studying, but also on walks and at home, and since only children from wealthy families could afford to study in gymnasiums, the school uniform was a class sign. That is why it was abolished in 1918 with the Bolsheviks coming to power and the general equalization of the population. School uniforms returned only after the Great Patriotic War in 1949. Brown woolen dresses with a black apron with lace collars and cuffs were approved for girls, and military tunics for boys. It was mandatory to wear braids with brown or white bows, and any extravagant hairstyles and haircuts were prohibited. In the 70s, school uniforms were divided into educational and pioneer. Boys wore a blue wool blend suit with a jacket every day, girls wore a blue skirt and a white blouse with an emblem on the sleeve. Later, when the requirements were relaxed, the skirt could be worn in any color, but always in a single color. In the mid-80s, the school uniform for girls became a three-piece suit with an A-line skirt, vest and jacket. A suit could be worn without a vest only with a jacket, and, conversely, the blouse was chosen at your own discretion. In the late 80s, in the regions of Siberia and the Far North, girls were allowed to wear trousers instead of skirts. Officially, school uniforms in Russia were abolished in 1992, but today there is debate about their return.

Mexico City~ (≧◡≦) It’s a pity that it doesn’t glow in the dark, I’d like to look at that

Ghana ⌒(o＾▽＾o)ノ Wow wow wow and wow again!

Smirnova Sofia

One of the important aspects of learning a foreign language is getting to know the country whose language you are studying, its culture, traditions and customs.

One of the topics of the school curriculum is school uniform. England is the country where school uniforms appeared. Each school has its own school uniform, and students in English schools wear it with pleasure and pride.

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Introduction

Learning a foreign language includes not only learning new words and grammar rules, but it is very important to get acquainted with the countries of the language being studied, their inhabitants, and traditions.

I have been studying English since the second grade and I have always been very interested in learning more about the people living in Great Britain, about their interests, customs, and traditions.

This year one of the topics we discussed in English lessons was “school”. In one of the lessons we learned that in England the school uniform is compulsory, moreover, students wear it with pride. I was interested in this statement. I wanted to know what kind of uniform English schoolchildren have.

Object of studyis the school uniform of schools in England.

Research objectives:

• expand knowledge about Great Britain;
• increase interest in British culture and customs;
• learn about the school uniform of English schools and its traditions;
• consider the variety of a given topic.

Research methods:

• work with scientific literature;
• searching for information on the Internet.

Historical reference.

School uniform - casualform clothes for students while they are inschool and at formal school events outside of school.

England is the first country in the world to introduce a school uniform. This happened during the reign of the kingHenry VIII in the middle of the 16th century. The basis was taken from soldiers' uniforms. This uniform was a long blue coat-coat. Blue paint was the cheapest and most readily available at the time, and was supposed to show children humility.

The first school to introduce this form wasChrist Hospital . It was a charity school for boys from poor families.

IN 1870 School uniforms were adopted in most English schools. At that time, Great Britain was a large country and owned colonies in Australia, Cyprus, Ireland and Canada, in the eastern part of North America. In schools in these countries, wearing a uniform has also become mandatory. The school uniform acted as a tool for developing discipline among students, and also contributed to the formation of relationships between students.

England is a country where traditions are valued, and this is reflected in the appearance of schoolchildren. For a very long time, the uniform for boys consisted of: a jacket-blazer, a gray flannel shirt (white in summer or on holidays), dark gray trousers or shorts, gray knee socks, a dark blue raincoat, black boots. In cold weather, they wore a V-neck pullover, a cap with the school logo and a branded tie.

However, over time, schools emerged on a private fee basis. In this case, the school uniform was needed not to make all students equal, but, on the contrary, to show their attitude to a higher stratum of society. At the same time, some rules for wearing a school uniform are determined, which make it possible to determine the prestige of the student within the school institution. For example, a jacket is fastened with a designated number of buttons or a uniform cap is worn at a certain angle; shoelaces are laced in a special way; a school bag can be worn over the shoulder or carried by one handle, etc. This may not have been noticed by ordinary passers-by, but among their own people it showed a certain hierarchy.

In English schools where school uniforms are adopted, different sizes are always available. It is issued to students belonging to this educational institution completely free of charge.

Currently, not only in schools, but also in universities in England, pupils and students are required to wear a uniform.

School uniforms in modern England

The UK is the largest European country with school uniforms,

Today, the student uniform in Britain looks something like this:
- A formal jacket, blazer or sweater with the emblem of the educational institution;
- A shirt that matches the color of the school uniform;
- Formal tie (for both girls and boys);
- Strict trousers for boys, long and formal skirts for girls;
- Patent leather shoes for boys, shoes with low heels for girls.
The introduction of school uniforms in modern Britain is justified by the fact that representatives of the Ministry of Education believe that a uniform style of school uniform helps maintain discipline and also influences the positive behavior of the student. Also, school uniforms blur the line between students of all races and classes.
It is worth noting that in many schools, the student parliament is directly involved in the creation and development of school uniforms, which instills responsibility in students from a young age. Young designers are developing a uniform that will determine the overall appearance and prestige of the school.
Each school in the United Kingdom has its own color and logo. Students wear the emblem, naturally, on jackets, jumpers, dresses, and the color is displayed in a tie, which today has become an indispensable attribute of the modern uniform of English schoolchildren. But this is not the only difference in students’ uniforms...

And yet, she is different!

You will never confuse students from two different UK schools. Because despite the fairly strong unification of the form, it still differs noticeably in different schools. This is due to the vision of the leadership of each of them of the necessary (or sufficient) measure of comfort for the child, with adherence to historical traditions, with the school’s belonging to the number of elite educational institutions, etc.

And here are some examples:

Christ's Hospital School (Christ Hospital School)

Independent, co-educational private school (for boys and girls).

The first school “cassocks” are a thing of history, but students at Christ’s Hospital School still wear the same cut uniform as 400–500 years ago. True to tradition, the British left it as everyday school wear, worn on weekdays. Here, long skirts and closed jackets with long sleeves are required for girls and women. Boys and young men wear short trousers (like breeches) with yellow knee socks, over which they wear a long frock coat, which in fact is very reminiscent of a pastor's attire. True, a hundred years ago a student was required to wear such a uniform all the time, even when traveling to another city, but now students simply wear it to classes. Such uniforms are a remarkable exception these days, and the students of Christ's Hospital School take great pride in their ancient - they say "ancient" - attire.

Burlington Danes Academy ( Burlington Danes School)

When making school uniforms, a special insert of a reflective element called Orafol is used. This is a very good move, since in the dark the shape can reflect the car headlights of cars moving along the road. This shows that the state cares about its students, thus increasing safety.

The predominant colors are red and emerald. For girls, a classic jacket is typical; a small checkered shirt is worn underneath it, and a knee-length skirt and white knee socks are worn. The uniform ensemble is completed with a beret as a wonderful addition. For boys, the same blazers are provided, under which a light shirt is visible and a striped tie is worn. The trousers are almost classic type. The left chest of the jacket is decorated with the school emblem, and badges pinned to the collar lapel can also be used.

Elizabeth Garrett Anderson School(Elizabeth Garrett Anderson School)

IN London School Elizabeth Garrett AndersonSchoolchildren are given a unique opportunity to express their creative ideas and wishes regarding school uniforms. Thus, each student takes part in creating a unique uniform. In this way, you can take into account the individual wishes of each child and create a school outfit that will not only be comfortable, but also have an original appearance. A wide variety of palettes are used for tailoring. The form itself may be a more muted color, but some inserts will be full of the brightest colors.

Girls are allowed to wear a looser-cut blazer instead of the usual and more formal jacket. There are also no strict restrictions on the length of the skirt, however, in the case of short skirts, compliance with the rules of decency is mandatory. Boys can wear a regular white or light-colored T-shirt under their blazer. Shoes for everyone have low soles, girls wear moccasins, boys wear shoes with laces.

Eton College

Eton is a prestigious, highly privileged private school for boys, where children from only the wealthiest families in Britain study.

Girls are not accepted there, so the uniform is only for men. Today it is: an old-fashioned frock coat, morning trousers, a bow tie and the most extravagant vest that you can get your hands on.

Harrow School

Another old English school for boys. A distinctive feature of the school uniform is the hat. Students at this school wear top hats in winter and straw hats in summer. The shirt does not have to be white, but light shades. Light gray trousers and a dark blue jacket. Shoes - black lace-up shoes that have a classic look.

The Cheltenham Ladies" College (Cheltenham Ladies' College)

Cheltenham is an exclusively girls' school. Pupils wear knee-length skirts (trousers are prohibited) and green jumpers.

Tudor Hall School

Tudor Hall School is a girls' school where not everyone is accepted: high academic performance and good background are expected. Uniform: green checkered skirt, green blazer and baby blue jumper.

Anthony Gell School

Still, in England there are schools where it is allowed to attend classes without a school uniform. You are allowed to come to school in comfortable, decent, casual clothes. This includes Anthony Jell School, which has abolished school uniforms.

However, in general, such phenomena are the exception rather than the rule. Perhaps that is why they are so striking. The general impression testifies precisely to uniformity, order and tradition in every British school.

School uniforms in Russia

In our country, school uniforms for boys were introduced only in the middle of the 19th century, and for girls at the end of the 19th century. The boys' uniform initially had a semi-military look. Similar in style, caps and caps, trousers and coats, overcoats and uniforms, half-caftans, and later, shirts, blouses, tunics - differed in color, piping, as well as buttons and emblems. The general appearance of the form changed several times. The main color of the gymnasium uniform was dark green, then blue in all its shades; gray was a rare color. Pupils in gymnasiums wore closed brown dresses with a high collar and aprons - black on school days and white on holidays. The dress uniform was complemented by a white turn-down collar and a straw hat. In private women's gymnasiums and boarding schools, the uniform could be of different colors (coffee, white, blue, gray). After the 1917 revolution, the uniform school uniform was abolished and reintroduced after the end of the Great Patriotic War in 1948.

At present, a single uniform for secondary schools and educational institutions in Russia has not been adopted, although wearing a school uniform as a set of style items is mandatory for students within each specific school. The decision to wear certain school uniform items with certain established colors or symbols is usually made at the level of individual schools, their boards of trustees, parents and teachers.

Conclusion

A uniform school uniform plays a significant role in the life of a student. It does not allow the development of subcultures at school, the level of income of parents is not visible by clothing, children and students get used to the official style of clothing that will be needed at work in the future, students feel like a single team, a single collective.

I would like to note that in modern Russia there is no uniform school uniform. In educational institutions that do not have a school uniform, there are rules for wearing business-style clothing. In our school, business attire is also required for students. And although our class is very friendly, and we do not divide the children into poor and rich, I would really like it to be customary in my school to wear a single uniform. I think that all the students, both first-graders and graduates, wore it with pleasure, felt proud of their appearance and felt a sense of belonging to our school.

Each school makes its own decisions regarding the school uniform and appearance of students. However, the educational institution must not discriminate against a child on the basis of gender, race, disability, sexual orientation or religion.

Discipline

The school principal may punish your child for not wearing a school uniform. A student may be suspended or expelled from school if he or she continues to violate the school's uniform policy.

Help with school uniform costs

Talk to the school principal if your child is not wearing a uniform, including a tracksuit, because you cannot afford one. The school should give you time to purchase the necessary items.

If you are in England (as part of the UK) you can also get one from your local council.

Discrimination

Schools can decide whether girls can wear trousers and whether items associated with a particular faith are acceptable. If you believe the school's requirements discriminate against your child, speak to the school principal.

Changes in school uniform

If you would like to make changes to the school uniform, please speak with the school principal, school management or PTA.

In Great Britain, school uniforms appeared a long time ago, at the beginning of the 16th century. Most often, school uniforms in blue colors were used in educational institutions, but over time, this “fashion” began to change.

You can take a look at the school uniforms of modern Englishmen:

1. This is what a school uniform looks like for primary school students at a school in Poynton, Cheshire.

2. Seventh grade students at Burlington Danes School, White City, London are wearing school uniforms, which, by the way, have one interesting feature. At night or twilight, when students in this uniform walk along the sides of roads, the uniform reflects the light of passing cars. Special orafol elements are sewn into the fabric of the uniform. A very correct and original solution for the safety of young British people!

3. At London's Elizabeth Garrett Andersen School, students are encouraged to take part in designing their own school uniform. This approach allows us to better take into account the wishes of children and make the school uniform truly comfortable and elegant.

4. The fabric used in these school jackets from School Cullors is made from 100% recycled polyester. It takes 30 plastic bottles to make one such jacket. For the first time, such school clothes appeared on sale in 2008.

5. Pupils at Eton College climbed a hedge to get a better view of Elizabeth II during her visit to the college in 1990. Eton College is under the patronage of the British royal house; both Prince William and Prince Harry studied here at one time.

6. Primary school pupils from Mere Brow School in Tarleton, Lancashire, play in the schoolyard.

7. The first day of the new school year at Nottingham Academy.

8. The uniform of one of the schools in the London district of Harrow also includes a straw hat, traditional for this school.

9. Modern school uniforms can be in bright colors.

10. The dress uniform of Eton College, one of the most famous educational institutions in the world, includes a tailcoat and a smart waistcoat.

11. Pupils at Christ's Hospital School must wear the traditional uniform, the cut of which has not changed for 450 years. But the survey shows that children really like it and are proud of their “ancient” form.

12. In this photo, one of the employees of the Price and Bookland company demonstrates the products of her company - a school uniform for girls who profess Islam.

13. A seventh grade student at Oasis Akedemi Media City School begins her studies in the new semester.

14. Former Bexley Business School teacher George Plemper, now working as a photographer, came to take photographs for the school's students' photo albums.

15. There are also schools in the UK where wearing a school uniform is not compulsory. For example, pupils at Anthony Jell School in Wirksworth, ceremonial Derbyshire, attend classes in their normal clothes.