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Question: I am a pensioner, I live in Pskov, and today I went to pay for a purchase in another city using an invoice sent to me by the seller with details through the Sberbank operator, and not through the terminal. I planned to arrange a transfer of funds. The payment amount is 1110 rubles. Client Bank "Baltiysky".

They charge me an additional 31 rubles and 10 kopecks for the payment, I don’t mind, and then another 20 rubles for a printout, I don’t really understand what this is, and I tell them that I don’t need a printout. Give me a receipt that I have paid the money to the store. And they give me some tariffs for services at the client’s request. It turns out that in addition to the three percent, they also want to sell me a sheet of paper for 20 rubles?

Question: what document should the bank issue when transferring my money to the seller’s account? It’s not about these 20 rubles, but it’s very disappointing when you’re cheated like that and nothing can be done. A sheet of paper costs approximately 20 kopecks in retail; a payment document is generated by a computer program during the payment process. When the work is already done, click the mouse and the document is ready.

On my sheet they agreed to print the amount and the word “paid”. How to deal with such a situation in the future? The second question is, why did I pay 3%? Literally six months ago, I also paid a client for services to another bank, and they gave me a receipt order and a separate check for interest. Tell me, what's wrong? All this left a negative attitude towards the bank.

Answer: They didn’t scam you, but they charged you the full amount for their services. During the six months that you did not make payments, the legislation of the Bank of Russia on transfers and payments changed. Now all banks, including Sberbank, process customer funds transfers in accordance with the Regulation of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated June 19, 2012 N 383-P “Regulations on the rules for transferring funds.”

So, in order to transfer funds, the client must now give an order to the bank, which the bank can execute both electronically and on paper (clause 1.9 of Bank of Russia Regulations dated June 19, 2012 N 383-P). The order is given to the bank both when transferring funds from the sender’s account, and without opening an account (cash transfer).

What does a formalized order to the bank for a money transfer look like? The regulation of the Bank of Russia states that orders are applied within the framework of non-cash payment forms, namely:

• collection orders;



• in the form of a funds transfer at the request of the recipient of funds (direct debit);


• in the form of electronic money transfer.

It follows from this that of the forms of non-cash payments listed above, only one form is acceptable for your transfer - payment by payment order, i.e. you had to give the bank an order in the form of a formalized payment order. It is clear that not every person (especially an individual) has a form and has the technical capabilities to register it at home in accordance with the requirements of the Bank of Russia.

Anticipating these difficulties, the Bank of Russia granted Banks the right, in order to carry out problem-free transfers of funds, to draw up such orders for the client (electronically, on paper based on orders in electronic form, on paper accepted for execution from the senders of orders) that Sberbank and did it for you.

Banks are of course ready to provide such a service; they have software and equipment, and therefore accept an oral or free-form order from the client to money transfer, and on its basis a payment order is drawn up for the client, and then the document is processed and the funds are sent. It seems that they offered you a printout of the completed payment order and explained that this is a paid service.

One copy of the payment order with the bank’s mark on the transaction carried out should have remained in your hands if you had drawn it up yourself. If the document is prepared by the bank, then the bank prints a copy for the client, and a fee is charged for all this. This is a “standard” bank service, another thing is the price of this service. She, in my opinion, is somewhat too big, but our Sberbank cannot do otherwise.

And in clause 4.7 of the Regulations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated June 19, 2012 N 383-P regarding the issuance of confirmation to the client of the execution of his order, the following is stated:

“The execution of an order on paper for the purpose of transferring funds to a bank account is confirmed: by the payer’s bank by presenting to the payer a copy of the executed order on paper indicating the date of execution, affixing the bank’s stamp and the signature of the bank’s authorized person. In this case, the stamp of the payer’s bank can simultaneously confirm the acceptance for execution of an order on paper and its execution.”

To process the following transfers, the payment order form can be downloaded in the material “Payment order form (form 0401060)” on our website and free of charge. This is a form that was developed according to the old Regulation of the Bank of Russia (dated October 3, 2002 N 2-P), but it is exactly the same as in the new Directive of the Bank of Russia (dated June 19, 2012 N 383-P). Before recommending this form to you, I had to check it and make sure that the form has not changed. But on the Internet it was not possible to find a sample payment order for downloading with a link to the new provision.

Now about the tariffs. Sberbank, for the transfer of funds to other banks (from an individual’s account to a legal entity’s account), has established the highest tariff of all that it applies. And the tariffs for “various types of printouts” are also high. But there’s nothing you can do about it; the bank itself approves the tariffs for its services. In this case, you can try changing the servicing bank.

2.3. The procedure for transferring funds in the Russian Federation

Currently, in the Russian Federation, the procedure for transferring funds is regulated by Bank of Russia Regulation No. 383-P “On the rules for transferring funds.”

Transfer of funds is carried out within the framework of the following forms of non-cash payments(see Fig. 2.3.1.):

Rice. 2.3.1. Forms of non-cash payments.

Forms of non-cash payments are chosen by bank clients independently and may be provided for in agreements concluded by them with their counterparties.

Bank clients draw up orders for the transfer of funds, on the basis of which the transfer of funds is carried out. The Bank of Russia uses the general term “orders” to designate all documents on the basis of which credit institutions carry out money transfers. Regulation No. 383-P establishes detailed descriptions and characteristics of the following orders:

- payment order;

– collection order;

– payment request;

– payment order.

The listed forms of orders are used within all forms of non-cash payments. In addition to the four indicated forms of orders, other types of orders may be used in banking practice, for which the Regulations do not establish a list of details and forms. If a credit institution uses “non-standard” orders in its activities, then their forms, details and the procedure for working with them must be approved by the credit institution’s internal documents.

TO settlement (payment) documents, In addition to orders for the transfer of funds, bank orders also apply.

According to the Bank of Russia, in January-September 2013, 3,242.9 million units were used in Russia. payment documents in the amount of 321,333.4 million rubles, of which 97.2% are payment orders, 0.6% are payment requests and collection orders, 0.0% are checks, about 2% are bank orders.

Orders can be drawn up both electronically (including using electronic means of payment) and on paper. Based on the payer’s order, the payer’s bank can draw up an order and carry out one-time and periodic transfers of funds.

In the money transfer scheme drafters of orders the transfer of funds may include:

– payers;

– recipients of funds;

– collectors of funds (i.e. persons or bodies who have the right, on the basis of law, to submit orders to the bank accounts of payers);

The payers and recipients of funds are legal entities, individual entrepreneurs, individuals, and banks.

Credit organizations transfer funds in rubles to the bank accounts of their clients, as well as without opening bank accounts on the basis of transfer orders. Banks transfer funds to bank accounts through:

– debiting funds from the bank accounts of payers and crediting funds to the bank accounts of recipients of funds;

– debiting funds from payers’ bank accounts and issuing cash to recipients – individuals;

– debiting funds from bank accounts of payers and increasing the balance of electronic funds of recipients.

– Credit organizations transfer funds without opening bank accounts, including using electronic means of payment, through:

– acceptance of cash, orders from the payer - an individual and crediting of funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds;

– acceptance of cash, orders from the payer - an individual and issuance of cash to the recipient of funds - an individual;

– acceptance of cash, orders of the payer - an individual and increase in the balance of electronic funds of the recipient of funds;

– reducing the balance of the payer’s electronic funds and crediting funds to the recipient’s bank account;

– reducing the balance of the payer’s electronic funds and issuing cash to the recipient of the funds – an individual;

– reducing the balance of electronic money of the payer and increasing the balance of electronic money of the recipient.

Let's take a closer look at the forms of non-cash payments.

1. Settlements by payment orders. When making payments by payment orders, the payer's bank undertakes to transfer funds from the payer's bank account or without opening the payer's bank account (for an individual) to the recipient of the funds specified in the payer's order.

Schematically, calculations by payment orders can be depicted as follows (see Fig. 2.3.2. and 2.3.3.).

Rice. 2.3.2. Scheme of settlements by payment orders on the payer’s bank account.

Based on the requirements of the regulator arising from Regulation No. 383-P, it is possible to determine when a credit institution uses a settlement (payment) document in the form of a payment order.

Rice. 2.3.3. Scheme of settlements by payment orders without opening a bank account for the payer.

Firstly, legal entities and individuals can give orders to write off funds from their bank accounts, including the transfer of funds from a deposit account. An order can be drawn up for a total amount with a register that includes orders of one priority group to transfer funds to several recipients.

Secondly, legal entities can give orders to carry out settlements without opening an account, including using electronic payment means, to transfer electronic funds from the client’s bank account to the bank’s account. Otherwise, a legal entity can submit an order in electronic form for the transfer of funds, including through an electronic money transfer, on the basis of which the bank will draw up a settlement document - a payment order.

In a similar manner, an individual payer gives an order to transfer funds without opening a bank account, which can be drawn up in the form of an application. The form of an order for the transfer of funds without opening a bank account for an individual payer on paper is established by the credit institution or recipients of funds in agreement with the bank. It must indicate the details of the payer, recipient of funds, banks, transfer amount, purpose of payment, and other information as agreed with the bank. Based on the order of the individual payer, provided electronically or on paper, the credit institution draws up a settlement document - a payment order and carries out settlements. Based on the orders of individual payers, a credit institution can draw up a payment order for the total amount and send it to the recipient bank of the register or orders of individual payers.

Thirdly, the bank itself can act as a payer or recipient of funds. He has the right to independently develop a form of order on the basis of which a payment order will be drawn up, with the exception of the case when the payer is the bank itself and the recipient is the bank’s client. Then the transfer of funds to the bank account of the client-recipient of funds is carried out by the bank on the basis of a settlement document drawn up by it - a bank order. If the payer is a bank, the transfer of funds to the bank account of the client - the recipient of the funds can be carried out by the bank on the basis of a bank order drawn up by it.

A payment order as a settlement document performs the function of an order or a settlement document drawn up on the basis of an order for non-cash payments by payment orders, settlements under a letter of credit, and settlements in the form of an electronic money transfer.

Please note that the payment order is valid for submission to the bank within 10 calendar days from the date of its preparation.

2. Settlements under a letter of credit. When making payments under a letter of credit, the bank, acting on the order of the payer to open the letter of credit and in accordance with its instructions, undertakes to transfer funds to the recipient of the funds, subject to the recipient of the funds providing the documents provided for by the letter of credit and confirming the fulfillment of its other conditions, or grants the authority to another bank to execute letter of credit

Thus, we can highlight the following features of the letter of credit form of payment:

– the recipient of the funds, before receiving the money, must fulfill the conditions stipulated by the letter of credit, for example, he must first ship the goods and provide documents confirming the shipment to his bank;

– the recipient of funds, before fulfilling his part of the contract (for example, before shipping the goods), knows that the buyer has deposited the money for him or has a bank guarantee in case the buyer fails to fulfill his obligations to transfer funds;

– on the part of the payer, an important condition is the fact that the delivered goods will be of appropriate quality, in the agreed volume and assortment (for this, the terms of the letter of credit must indicate that the seller must submit to the bank certain documents confirming the quality, quantity and assortment of goods).

The bank acting on the payer's order to open a letter of credit is called the issuing bank. The executing bank may be the payer's bank, the recipient's bank, or another bank. The issuing bank has the right to open a letter of credit in its own name and at its own expense. In this case, the issuing bank is the payer.

The details and form (on paper) of the letter of credit are established by the bank. The letter of credit must contain the following mandatory information:

– number and date of the letter of credit;

– the amount of the letter of credit;

– payer details;

– details of the issuing bank;

– details of the recipient of funds;

– details of the executing bank;

– type of letter of credit;

– validity period of the letter of credit;

– method of execution of the letter of credit;

– list of documents to be submitted by the recipient of funds and requirements for the documents submitted;

- purpose of payment;

– deadline for submitting documents;

– need for confirmation (if any);

– procedure for paying bank commissions.

The letter of credit may contain other information.

In Russia the following can be used types of letters of credit.

Covered (deposited) letter of credit. This form of letter of credit is the most common; it provides that the buyer opens an account with a bank (issuing bank) and deposits funds into it in the amount necessary to pay for the letter of credit (or takes them from this bank as a secured loan). The issuing bank transfers these funds to the correspondent account of the executing bank. When the time for execution of the letter of credit comes, the executing bank transfers the funds held in its correspondent account to the seller’s account (see Fig. 2.3.4.).

Rice. 2.3.4. Scheme of settlements under a deposited letter of credit.

The executing bank communicates the terms of the letter of credit received from the issuing bank to the recipient of the funds. The transfer of funds to the executing bank as cover for a covered (deposited) letter of credit is carried out by a payment order from the issuing bank indicating information that allows the establishment of the letter of credit, including the date and number of the letter of credit. The recipient of funds can submit documents directly to the issuing bank. For a covered (deposited) letter of credit, the issuing bank is obliged to request confirmation from the executing bank that the recipient of funds did not submit documents to the executing bank, and has the right to demand that the executing bank return the amount of coverage based on a request confirming the submission of documents by the recipient of funds to the issuing bank, and in the case of a confirmed letter of credit – also execution of the letter of credit by the issuing bank. In this case, the executing bank returns the coverage amount no later than the business day following the day of receipt of the request from the issuing bank. Execution of a letter of credit is carried out by transferring funds by payment order of the executing bank to the bank account of the recipient of funds or by crediting the corresponding amount to the bank account of the recipient of funds with the executing bank. After execution of the letter of credit, the executing bank sends to the issuing bank a notice of execution of the letter of credit indicating the amount of execution and attaching the submitted documents no later than three business days after the day of execution of the letter of credit. If a discrepancy is established by external signs between the documents accepted by the executing bank from the recipient of funds and the terms of the letter of credit, the issuing bank has the right to demand from the executing bank the return of amounts paid to the recipient of funds at the expense of the coverage transferred to the executing bank (under a covered (deposited) letter of credit), reimbursement of amounts written off from a correspondent account opened with the nominated bank, or refuse to reimburse the nominated bank for amounts paid to the recipient of funds (under an uncovered (guaranteed) letter of credit). When closing a covered (deposited) letter of credit, the return of unused funds to the issuing bank is carried out by payment order of the executing bank no later than the business day following the day of closing the letter of credit.

Uncovered (guaranteed) letter of credit. The parties may agree to use an uncovered letter of credit. In this case, the issuing bank does not transfer the funds to the executing bank, but when the time for execution of the letter of credit comes, the executing bank debits the required amount from the account of the issuing bank opened with it to the settlement account of the seller. In this case, the buyer's bank guarantees payment to the seller's bank. In turn, the buyer must guarantee payment to the bank by providing collateral. The advantage of this form of letter of credit for the buyer is that to open a letter of credit it is not necessary to withdraw your own funds from circulation (see Fig. 2.3.5.)

Rice. 2.3.5. Scheme of settlements under a guaranteed letter of credit.

When executing an uncovered (guaranteed) letter of credit, the executing bank has the right not to execute the letter of credit until funds are received from the issuing bank, except in the case of confirmation of the letter of credit by the confirming bank.

Irrevocable a letter of credit cannot be canceled at the unilateral request of the buyer without the consent of the seller. Most letters of credit are irrevocable because this ensures the interests of the supplier. The recipient's consent to change the terms of an irrevocable letter of credit can be expressed by submitting documents that comply with the changed terms of the letter of credit. The conditions of an irrevocable letter of credit are amended or the irrevocable letter of credit is canceled from the day following the day the executing bank receives the application of the recipient of the funds with his consent, of which the executing bank notifies the issuing bank no later than three working days from the day of receipt of the application of the recipient of the funds.

However, it is imperative to take into account that if it is not expressly stated that the letter of credit is irrevocable, then it is considered revocable. When executing a revocable letter of credit, the executing bank executes the letter of credit in full amount and on the current terms of the letter of credit if, before submitting the documents, the recipient of the funds has not received notice from the issuing bank about the cancellation of the letter of credit or changing other conditions of the letter of credit, in part of the amount of the letter of credit - upon receipt from the issuing bank notifications about reducing the amount of the letter of credit.

When it is established that the submitted documents comply with the terms of the letter of credit, the executing bank executes the letter of credit. The bank can execute a letter of credit in the following ways:

– directly upon submission of documents no later than three working days from the date the bank makes a decision on the compliance of the documents submitted by the recipient of funds with the terms of the letter of credit, but no later than three working days after the expiration of the five-day period established for verification of the submitted documents;

– with a deferment of execution on a date(s) specified by the terms of the letter of credit or a specified period, starting from the date of completion of certain actions, including the presentation of documents, shipment of goods;

– in another way provided for by the terms of the letter of credit.

If it is established that the submitted documents do not conform on external grounds to the terms of the letter of credit, the executing bank has the right to refuse to execute the letter of credit, notifying the recipient of the funds and the issuing bank, motivating the refusal. The executing bank may first request the issuing bank to agree to accept the submitted documents with discrepancies. In this case, the documents are stored in the executing bank until a response from the issuing bank is received. If the payer gives the issuing bank consent to accept the submitted documents with discrepancies, the issuing bank has the right to give its consent to the executing bank to execute the letter of credit. If the payer refuses to accept documents with discrepancies, the issuing bank is obliged to notify the executing bank about this, indicating in the notification all discrepancies that are the reason for the refusal.

3. Settlements by collection orders. Collection orders are applied:

– when paying for collection in cases provided for by the agreement;

– when making payments according to the orders of fund collectors.

The recipient of the funds may be a bank, including the payer's bank.

A collection order is drawn up, presented, accepted for execution and executed electronically, on paper.

The use of collection orders in settlements for collection is carried out, firstly, if there is a provision in the bank account agreement between the payer and his bank about debiting funds from the bank account, and secondly, the payer provides to the payer’s bank information about the recipient of funds who has the right to present collection orders to the payer's bank account.

The right to submit collection orders to the payer's bank account can be confirmed by the recipient of funds by submitting the relevant documents to the payer's bank.

If the recipient of the funds is the payer's bank, the condition for debiting funds from the payer's bank account may be provided for in the bank account agreement on the basis of a bank order drawn up by the bank.

The scheme for settlements by collection orders is presented in Figure 2.3.6.

Rice. 2.3.6. Scheme of payments by collection orders.

The collection order of the collector of funds can be presented to the payer's bank through the recipient's bank. The recipient's bank, which has accepted a collection order for the purpose of collecting funds, is obliged to present the collection order to the payer's bank.

A collection order submitted through the recipient's bank is valid for submission to the recipient's bank within 10 calendar days from the date of its preparation.

4. Payments by checks. This form of payment, which is practically not used today, is given several paragraphs in Regulation No. 383-P, indicating that a bank that wants to work with them can develop internal rules. The check may contain details determined by the credit institution; the form of the check is established by the credit institution; the credit institution is obliged to verify the authenticity of the check, as well as that the bearer of the check is the person authorized by it; checks from credit institutions are used when transferring funds, with the exception of transfers of funds by the Bank of Russia. The calculation scheme is presented in Figure 2.3.7.

Please note that a check serves as an order, but not as a settlement (payment) document. Based on the check presented for payment, the credit institution must generate its settlement (payment order) or cash (cash order) document, thereby justifying the movement of funds.

Rice. 2.3.7. Payments by checks.

5. Payments in the form of funds transfer at the request of the recipient of funds (direct debit). When making non-cash payments in the form of transferring funds at the request of the recipient of funds, the payment requirement is mainly applied.

If the recipient of the funds is a bank (for example, in the case when a borrower’s debt on a loan from his bank is repaid by direct debit), funds can be written off from the bank account of the payer client, in the presence of the payer’s prior acceptance, can be carried out by the bank in accordance with the bank account agreement on the basis bank order drawn up by the bank (see Fig. 2.3.8.)

The payment request is drawn up, submitted, accepted for execution and executed electronically, on paper.

A payment request can be submitted to the payer's bank through the recipient's bank.

A payment request submitted through the recipient's bank is valid for submission to the recipient's bank within 10 calendar days from the date of its preparation.

Rice. 2.3.8. Settlements in the form of transfer of funds at the request of the recipient of funds.

6. Electronic money transfers. This form of non-cash payments is regulated by Federal Law dated June 27, 2011 No. 161-FZ “On the National Payment System”.

Banks can carry out transfers, including various conversions of electronic funds into traditional (cash, non-cash) funds and vice versa, including:

– transfers of funds to bank accounts;

– money transfers without opening bank accounts.

In the first case, transfers are carried out by debiting funds from the bank accounts of payers and increasing the balance of electronic funds (EMF) of recipients.

In the second case – when making transfers without opening bank accounts (with the sender of the payment) – the following options are possible:

a) acceptance of cash, orders of the payer - an individual and increase in the balance of the recipient of the funds;

b) reducing the payer’s e-money balance and crediting funds to the recipient’s bank account;

c) reducing the balance of the payer’s e-money and issuing cash to the recipient of the funds - an individual;

d) decrease in the balance of the payer’s EDS and increase in the balance of the payee’s EDS.

Note that in accordance with Federal Law No. 161-FZ, a bank that carries out electronic money transfers is called electronic money operator.

When making non-cash payments in the form of electronic money transfer, the client provides funds to the electronic money operator on the basis of an agreement concluded with him.

Please note that the electronic money operator does not have the right to provide the client with funds to increase the client’s electronic money balance. The electronic money operator does not have the right to accrue interest on the client’s electronic money balance.

The transfer of electronic money is carried out by simultaneous acceptance by the electronic money operator of the client's order, reducing the balance of the payer's electronic money and increasing the balance of the recipient's electronic money by the amount of the electronic money transfer.

Let's consider further procedures for accepting for execution, recall, return (cancellation) of orders and the procedure for their execution. The procedure for performing such procedures is established by credit institutions and is communicated to clients, fund collectors, and credit institutions in contracts, documents explaining the procedure for accepting orders for execution, as well as by posting information at customer service points.

Procedures for accepting orders for execution include:

1) certification of the right to dispose of funds (certification of the right to use an electronic means of payment);

2) control of the integrity of orders;

3) structural control of orders;

4) control of the values ​​of order details;

5) control of funds sufficiency.

Let's study each of these stages in more detail.

1) Certification of the right to dispose of funds when accepting an order for execution in electronic form, the bank carries out it by checking an electronic signature, an analogue of a handwritten signature and (or) codes and passwords. Certification of the right to dispose of funds when accepting an order on paper for execution is carried out by the bank by checking the presence and compliance of a handwritten signature and seal imprint with the samples declared to the bank in the card with sample signatures and seal imprint. When accepting for execution an order from an individual to transfer funds without opening a bank account on paper, the credit institution checks for the presence of a handwritten signature. Certification of the right to use an electronic means of payment is carried out by a credit institution by checking the number, code and (or) other identifier of the electronic means of payment.

2) Control of order integrity in electronic form is carried out by the bank by checking the immutability of the order details. Control of the integrity of the order on paper is carried out by the bank by checking the absence of changes (corrections) made to the order. Registration of orders in electronic form, on paper, is carried out in the manner established by the bank, indicating the date of receipt of the order, while orders of fund collectors are subject to mandatory registration.

3) Structural control of the order in electronic form is carried out by the bank by checking the established details and the maximum number of characters in the order details. Structural control of orders on paper is carried out by the bank by checking the compliance of the order with the established form.

4) Control of order details values carried out by checking the values ​​of order details, their admissibility and compliance. Upon receipt of an order from the payer requiring the consent of a third party to dispose of the payer’s funds, the payer’s bank monitors the availability of the third party’s consent in the manner prescribed by law and the agreement. The consent of a third party to dispose of the payer’s funds can be given electronically or on paper in the manner provided for in the agreement.

Upon receipt of an order from the recipient of funds requiring acceptance payer, the payer’s bank monitors the presence of a pre-given payer’s acceptance or, in the absence of a pre-given payer’s acceptance, receives the payer’s acceptance.

This acceptance by the payer may be given in advance in an agreement between the payer’s bank and the payer and (or) in the form of a separate message or document, including a statement about this acceptance in advance. This acceptance must be given in advance before presenting the order of the recipient of the funds. This acceptance may be given in advance in relation to one or more bank accounts of the payer, one or more recipients of funds, one or more orders of the recipient of funds.

Receiving the payer's acceptance is carried out by the payer's bank by transmitting the payee's order or notification in electronic form or on paper for acceptance to the payer and receiving the payer's acceptance (refusal of acceptance) with the preparation of an application for acceptance (refusal of acceptance) of the payer. The orders of the recipients of funds are placed in the queue of orders awaiting acceptance.

5) Monitoring the sufficiency of funds in the payer’s bank account carried out by the payer's bank when accepting for execution each order multiple times or once in the manner established by the bank. If there are sufficient funds in the payer's bank account, orders are subject to execution in the sequence of receipt of orders to the bank and receipt of acceptance from the payer. If there are insufficient funds in the payer’s bank account, orders are not accepted by the bank for execution and are returned (cancelled), with the exception of:

– orders for the transfer of funds to the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation;

– orders of fund collectors;

– orders accepted by the bank for execution or presented by the bank in accordance with the agreement.

The specified orders accepted for execution are placed by the bank in the queue of orders not executed on time for execution of orders on time and in the order of debiting funds from a bank account, which are established by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. If there are insufficient funds in the account to satisfy all demands placed on it, funds are written off in the following order (see Fig. 2.3.9.).

The sufficiency of funds for orders accepted for execution for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account is determined by the credit institution based on the amount of funds provided by the client.

When carrying out transactions using electronic means of payment, the credit institution of the recipient of funds, in cases provided for by the agreement, receives the consent of the payer's credit organization to carry out the operation using an electronic means of payment. This process is called below - authorization. If the authorization result is positive, the payer’s credit institution is obliged to provide funds to the recipient’s credit institution in the manner prescribed by the agreement.

If the results of the procedures for accepting orders for execution in electronic form are positive, the bank accepts the order for execution and sends a notification to the sender of the order in electronic form about acceptance of the order for execution. If an order is placed in the queue of orders not executed on time, the bank indicates in the order and in the notification in electronic form the date the order was placed in the queue. If the results of the procedures for accepting an order on paper are positive, the bank accepts the order for execution, confirms the acceptance of the order for execution by indicating the date it was accepted for execution, the date the order was placed in the queue of orders not executed on time, the bank stamp and the signature of the bank’s authorized person, and returns to the sender of the order, a copy of the order in the manner and within the period stipulated by the agreement, but no later than the business day following the day the order was received by the bank.

Rice. 2.3.9. The order in which funds are written off if there are insufficient funds in the account.

If the results of the procedures for accepting for execution an order on paper submitted for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account are positive, the credit institution accepts the order for execution and immediately after completing the procedures for accepting the order for execution provides the sender of the order with a copy of the order on paper or a credit document organization on paper, confirming acceptance of the order for execution, indicating the date of acceptance and the bank’s marks, including the signature of the bank’s authorized person.

If the results of the procedures for accepting an order for execution in electronic form are negative, the bank does not accept the order for execution and sends to the sender of the order a notification in electronic form about the cancellation of the order indicating information that allows the sender of the order to identify the canceled order, the date of its cancellation, as well as the reason for cancellation, which may be indicated in the form of a code established by the bank and brought to the attention of the sender of the order. If the results of the procedures for accepting for execution an order on paper submitted for the purpose of transferring funds through a bank account are negative, the bank does not accept the order for execution and returns it to the sender of the order with the date of return, the bank’s note about the reason for the return, the bank’s stamp and the signature of the authorized person. of the bank no later than the business day following the day the order was received by the bank. If the results of the procedures for accepting for execution an order on paper, submitted for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account, are negative, the credit institution does not accept the order for execution and immediately after completing the procedures for accepting the order for execution returns it to the sender of the order.

Cancellation unexecuted orders are carried out by the bank no later than the business day following the day on which the basis for canceling the order arose, including the receipt of an application for revocation.

Procedures for executing orders include:

– execution of orders in the manner established by banks, by writing off funds from the payer’s bank account, crediting funds to the recipient’s bank account, issuing cash to the recipient of funds, or recording information about completed electronic money transfers;

– partial execution of orders;

– confirmation of execution of orders.

The order of execution procedures orders, including orders for the total amount with registers, are established by credit institutions and communicated to clients, fund collectors, credit institutions in contracts, documents explaining the procedure for executing orders, as well as by posting information at customer service points.

The bank of the recipient of funds establishes the procedure for crediting funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds, and it is allowed to credit funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds using two details: the bank account number of the recipient of funds and other information about the recipient of funds.

Partial execution of orders of payers, recipients of funds, including orders for which partial acceptance was given by the payer, recoverers of funds is carried out by the bank payment order in electronic form or on paper.

A payment order drawn up by the bank for the purpose of partial execution of the order of the recipient of funds, for which partial acceptance by the payer was received, if there are insufficient funds in the payer’s bank account, is placed in the queue of orders not executed on time.

When maintaining a queue of orders not executed on time electronically, the bank provides the opportunity to provide information about the partial execution of an order.

Partial execution of the order of the payer (recipient of funds) in electronic form or on paper, transmitted for the purpose of transferring funds to a bank account, is confirmed in the manner established by the bank, by means of:

– sending a notice to the payer (recipient of funds) in electronic form indicating the details of the payment order or sending a payment order in electronic form indicating the execution date;

– presenting to the payer (recipient of funds) a copy of the executed payment order on paper indicating the date of execution, affixing the bank’s stamp and the signature of the bank’s authorized person.

Execution of an order electronically for the purpose of transferring funds to a bank account is confirmed by:

– by the payer’s bank by sending the payer a notice in electronic form about the debiting of funds from the payer’s bank account indicating the details of the executed order or by sending the executed order in electronic form indicating the execution date;

– by the bank of the recipient of funds by sending to the recipient of funds a notice about the crediting of funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds indicating the details of the executed order or by sending an executed order indicating the execution date.

Execution of an order on paper for the purpose of transferring funds to a bank account is confirmed by:

– by the payer’s bank by presenting to the payer a copy of the executed order on paper indicating the date of execution, affixing the bank’s stamp and the signature of the bank’s authorized person. In this case, the stamp of the payer’s bank can simultaneously confirm the acceptance for execution of an order on paper and its execution;

– by the bank of the recipient of funds by presenting to the recipient of funds a copy of the executed order on paper indicating the date of execution, affixing the bank’s stamp and the signature of the bank’s authorized person.

The execution of the client's order when carrying out a transaction using an electronic means of payment is confirmed by the credit institution by sending to the client, in the manner established by the agreement, a notice to the credit organization in electronic form or on paper, confirming the execution of the transaction using an electronic means of payment, which must indicate:

– name or other details of the credit institution;

– number, code and (or) other identifier of the electronic means of payment;

– type of operation;

- Date of operation;

– transaction amount;

– the amount of commission if it is charged;

– device identifier when used to carry out an operation using an electronic means of payment.

A notice confirming the execution of a transaction using an electronic means of payment may contain additional information established by the credit institution.

In conclusion, we note that according to clause 1.8 of Regulation No. 383-P, credit institutions must approve internal documents containing:

– the procedure for drawing up orders;

– the procedure for performing the procedures for acceptance for execution, recall, return (cancellation) of orders;

– the procedure for executing orders;

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The procedure for making cash payments in the case of using forms In the case of using forms, cash payments and (or) payments using payment cards are carried out in the following order: 1) when paying for services in cash

1. The money transfer operator carries out the transfer of funds according to the order of the client (payer or recipient of funds), executed within the framework of the applicable form of non-cash payments (hereinafter referred to as the client’s order).

2. The transfer of funds is carried out at the expense of the payer’s funds located in his bank account or provided by him without opening a bank account.

3. Transfer of funds is carried out within the framework of the applicable forms of non-cash payments by crediting funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds, issuing cash to the recipient of funds, or accounting for funds in favor of the recipient of funds without opening a bank account when transferring electronic funds.

4. Depositing cash into your bank account or receiving cash from your bank account from one money transfer operator does not constitute a money transfer.

5. Transfer of funds, with the exception of transfer of electronic funds, is carried out within no more than three working days starting from the day funds are written off from the payer’s bank account or from the day the payer provides cash for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account.

6. In carrying out the transfer of funds, along with the money transfer operator serving the payer and the money transfer operator serving the recipient of funds, other money transfer operators (hereinafter referred to as transfer intermediaries) may participate.

7. Unless otherwise stipulated by the applicable form of non-cash payments or federal law, the irrevocability of a funds transfer, with the exception of electronic money transfers, begins from the moment funds are written off from the payer’s bank account or from the moment the payer provides cash for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account.

8. The unconditionality of the transfer of funds occurs at the moment of fulfillment of the conditions specified by the payer and (or) recipient of funds or other persons for the transfer of funds, including the implementation of a counter transfer of funds in another currency, counter transfer of securities, presentation of documents, or in the absence the specified conditions.

9. If the payer of funds and the recipient of funds are served by one money transfer operator, the finality of the funds transfer, with the exception of electronic money transfers, occurs at the moment the funds are credited to the bank account of the funds recipient or the recipient of the funds is provided with the opportunity to receive cash funds.

10. If the payer of funds and the recipient of funds are served by different money transfer operators, the finality of the funds transfer occurs at the moment the funds are credited to the bank account of the money transfer operator serving the recipient of funds, taking into account the requirements of Article 25 of this Federal Law .

11. When transferring funds, the obligation of the money transfer operator serving the payer to the payer terminates at the moment of its finality.

This Regulation has been developed on the basis

• - Federal Law of June 27, 2011 N 161-FZ “On the National Payment System”,
• - Federal Law of July 10, 2002 N 86-FZ “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)”,
• - Federal Law “On Banks and Banking Activities” (as amended by Federal Law No. 17-FZ of February 3, 1996)
• - and in accordance with the decision of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Russia (minutes of the meeting of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Russia dated June 15, 2012 No. 11)

establishes the rules for the transfer of funds by the Bank of Russia, credit organizations (hereinafter collectively referred to as banks) on the territory of the Russian Federation in the currency of the Russian Federation.

Banks transfer funds through bank accounts and without opening bank accounts

within the framework of the applicable forms of non-cash payments, compiled by:

• - payers,
• - recipients of funds,
• - persons, bodies entitled, on the basis of law, to submit orders to the bank accounts of payers (collectors of funds),
• - banks.

Transfer of funds is carried out within the framework of the following forms of non-cash payments:

• - settlements by payment orders;
• - settlements under a letter of credit;
• - settlements by collection orders;
• - payments by checks;
• - settlements in the form of transfer of funds at the request of the recipient of funds (direct debit);
• - settlements in the form of electronic money transfer.

Payers and recipients of funds are clients

• - legal entities,
• - individual entrepreneurs,
• - individuals engaged in private practice,
• - individuals,
• - banks.

Collectors of funds may be recipients of funds. According to the orders of the recoverers of funds, including enforcement authorities, tax authorities, the recipient of funds may also be the body to which, in accordance with federal law, the collected funds are transferred.

Banks transfer funds to bank accounts through: current account bank cash

debits from payers' accounts and credits to recipients' accounts;

debiting from payers' accounts and issuing cash to recipients - individuals;

Transfers of funds are carried out by banks according to orders (from senders of orders)

• - clients (legal entities, individual entrepreneurs, individuals engaged in private practice, individuals),
• - collectors of funds,
• - banks

in electronic form, including using electronic means of payment, or on paper.

The list and description of the details of orders - payment order, collection order, payment request, payment order are given in Appendices 1 and 8 to these Regulations. These orders are applied within the framework of non-cash payment forms provided for in paragraph 1.1 of these Regulations.

Forms of payment order, collection order, payment request, payment order on paper are given in Appendices 2, 4, 6 and 9 to these Regulations.

Payment orders, collection orders, payment requests, payment orders, bank orders are settlement (payment) documents.

Procedures for acceptance for execution, recall, return (cancellation) of orders and the procedure for their execution

Procedures for accepting orders for execution include:

certification of the right to dispose of funds (certification of the right to use an electronic means of payment) - verification of signatures;

control of the integrity of orders - in electronic form - checking the immutability of the order details, on paper - checking the absence of changes (corrections) made to the order;

structural control of orders - in electronic form - checking the established details and the maximum number of characters in the order details, on paper - checking the compliance of the order with the established form;

control of the values ​​of order details - checking their admissibility and compliance; control of the sufficiency of funds.

Cash sufficiency control

If sufficient, orders are subject to execution in the sequence of receipt of orders by the bank and receipt of acceptance from the payer.

When operations are suspended, orders are placed in a queue of orders awaiting permission to carry out operations.

If insufficient, the orders are not accepted by the bank for execution and are returned (cancelled) to the senders of the orders no later than the business day following the day the order was received or the day the payer’s acceptance was received, with the exception of:

orders on the transfer of funds to the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation, as well as orders of the same and previous priority for writing off funds from a bank account established by federal law;

orders of fund collectors;

orders accepted by the bank for execution or presented by the bank in accordance with the agreement.

The specified orders accepted for execution are placed by the bank

• - in the queue of orders not executed on time
• - and execution of orders on time and in the order of priority for debiting funds from a bank account, which are established by federal law.

When operations on an account are suspended, orders that are in the queue are placed in a queue awaiting permission to carry out operations. When the suspension of operations is cancelled, orders are subject to execution if there are sufficient funds in the payer's account or are placed in the queue of orders not executed on time if there are insufficient funds in the payer's account in the sequence of placing orders in the queue before the suspension of operations on the payer's bank account.

Procedures for executing orders and the order of their execution

Procedures for executing orders include:

execution of orders in the manner established by banks, by debiting funds from the payer’s bank account, crediting funds to the recipient’s bank account, issuing cash to the recipient of funds, or recording information about completed electronic money transfers;

partial execution of orders;

confirmation of execution of orders.

1. Receipt of funds to settlement (current) accounts of clients.

2. The bank received documents confirming the intended purpose of the funds to be credited to the account.

Answer: Dt 47416 (“Amounts received to the correspondent account before clarification”)

Kt (Recipient's current account.)

3. The bank received an extract from the cash settlement center about the withdrawal of the amount of cash support from the correspondent account.

Answer: Dt 20209 (“Cash in transit”)

Kt 30102 ("Correspondent accounts of credit institutions.")

Task 3.

1. Forms of non-cash payments (settlements by payment orders; payments under a letter of credit; payments by collection orders; payments by checks).

Settlements by payment orders.

Analyzing non-cash payments carried out through the banking system, we can confidently say that more than 80% of non-cash payments are made by payment orders. Payment by payment order is the simplest, most convenient, and fairly reliable form of payment. And most importantly, you yourself made the decision to pay and paid. I paid as much as I wanted and where I wanted. And the main thing here is to avoid mistakes when filling out the details in the payment order, otherwise the money will not reach the addressee.

A payment order is an order from the account owner (payer) to the bank servicing him to transfer a certain amount of money to the recipient's account, documented by a settlement document. The payment order is drawn up on a standard form.

Settlements under letters of credit.

Letter of credit payment form

Letter of credit form of payment. The letter of credit form of payment is more profitable for the exporter. A letter of credit is an order from a bank (or other credit institution) to make, at the client’s request, payment for documents in favor of a third party - the exporter (beneficiary), subject to the fulfillment of certain conditions. In addition, a letter of credit can provide a short-term loan, subject to the bank’s consent to record (purchase) documents. The letter of credit form of payment consists of the following main points.

The exporter and importer enter into a contract for the supply of goods or services, indicating that payments will be made in the form of a letter of credit. The importer applies to his bank (issuing bank) with an application to open a letter of credit in favor of the exporter. The issuing bank sends a letter of credit to one of the banks in the exporter's country with which it maintains a correspondent relationship (advising bank), instructing it to transfer the letter of credit to the exporter.

After receiving (a copy of) the letter of credit, the exporter ships the goods and, in accordance with the terms of the letter of credit, submits the required documents to the bank specified in the letter of credit (this may also be the advising bank), which forwards them to the issuing bank. The issuing bank checks the correctness of the documents and makes payment for them. After transferring money to the advising bank, the issuing bank issues documents to the importer. The advising bank credits the funds received from the issuing bank to the exporter's account, and the importer receives the goods.

However, in accordance with the terms of the letter of credit, payment for the documents submitted by the exporter can be made not only by the issuing bank, but also by another bank specified in the letter of credit (executing bank). In this case, the executing bank (it may also be the advising bank), after paying for the documents submitted by the exporter, demands reimbursement of the payment made from the issuing bank.

International payments in the form of a documentary letter of credit can be represented by the following scheme:

• 1. Conclusion of a contract, which states that the parties will use a letter of credit form of payment.
• 2. Notification of the importer about the preparation of goods for shipment.
• 3. Submission by the importer of an application to his bank to open a letter of credit with a precise indication of its conditions.
• 4. Opening of a letter of credit by the issuing bank (executing bank) and sending it to the exporter (beneficiary) through the bank, as a rule, servicing the beneficiary, which (bank) notifies (advises) the latter about the opening of the letter of credit.
• 5. Verification by the advising bank of the authenticity of the letter of credit and its transfer to the beneficiary.
• 6. Checking by the beneficiary of the letter of credit for its compliance with the terms of the contract and, if agreed, shipment of the goods within the established time frame.
• 7. Receipt by the beneficiary of transport (and other documents required under the terms of the letter of credit) documents from the carrier.
• 8. Submission by the beneficiary of documents received from the carrier to his bank.
• 9. Checking by the exporter’s bank of documents received from the beneficiary and sending them to the issuing bank for payment, acceptance (agreement to payment or guarantee of payment) or negotiation (purchase).
• 10. Verification by the issuing bank of received documents and (if all conditions of the letter of credit are met) transfer of the payment amount to the exporter.
• 11. Debiting the importer's account by the issuing bank.
• 12. Crediting of proceeds to the beneficiary’s account by the advising bank.

13. Receipt by the importer-orderer of documents from the issuing bank and taking possession of the goods.

Banks charge higher fees for letter of credit payments because they are complex and costly.

Settlements by collection orders

A collection order is a settlement document on the basis of which funds are written off from payers' accounts in an indisputable manner.

Collection orders are used in the following cases:

• 1) when an indisputable procedure for the collection of funds is established by law, including for the collection of funds by bodies performing control functions;
• 2) penalties based on executive documents;
• 3) in cases provided for by the parties to the agreement, subject to the provision of the bank servicing the payer with the right to write off funds from the payer’s account without his order.

The bank, within three days from the date of receipt from the claimant or bailiff - executor of the collection order with the attached writ of execution, executes the collection order.

Responsibility for the legality of issuing a collection order and the correctness of indicating the basis for collecting funds lies with the recipient (collector) of the funds.

Banks suspend the write-off of funds indisputably in the following cases: by decision of the body exercising control functions in accordance with the law; if there is a judicial act on suspension of collection; on other grounds provided by law.

Payments by checks

A check is a security containing an unconditional order from the drawer to the bank to pay the amount specified in it to the check holder. The drawer is a legal entity that has funds in the bank, which he has the right to dispose of by issuing checks, the check holder is the legal entity in whose favor the check was issued, the payer is the bank in which the drawer's funds are located.

The drawer is the person who wrote the check.

Check holder - the person in possession of the check issued.

Payer - the bank making payment on the presented check.

To receive checks, a legal entity submits an application to the bank to receive checks. If necessary, along with the application, a payment order is submitted for depositing funds on a separate personal account of the check drawer 40903 “Funds for payments by checks, prepaid cards” (P). The amount of funds deposited from the corresponding current account is credited to this account. The check must be presented to the bank for payment within 10 days, not counting the day of its issue.

Before issuing checks to clients, credit institutions are required to fill out checks by marking them with:

• - the name of the credit institution and its location at the top of the check;
• - credit institution number at the bottom of the check;
• - the personal account number of the drawer at the bottom of the check;
• - the name of the drawer - a legal entity, his account number in the lower left part of the check;
• - the maximum amount for which a check can be issued (on the back of the check), in numbers and in words;
• - seal and signatures of officials of the credit institution.

Make accounting entries:

1. Accounting for amounts of settlement documents not paid on time in the absence or insufficiency of funds in the payer’s account and when the payment order is fully paid.

Answer: Dt 90902 (“Settlement documents not paid on time”)

Kt 99999. (“Account for correspondence with active accounts with double entry.”)

2. Payment cannot be executed due to lack of funds in the correspondent account.

Answer: Dt 405, 406 (Customer current accounts)

Kt 47418 “Funds written off from customer accounts, but not posted to a correspondent account”

3. The client paid the cost of the checkbook according to the receipt order at the bank's cash desk.

Answer: Dt 20202 (“Cash desk of credit institutions”)

Kt 70107 (“Bank income” (other income)

About three years ago, the law “On the National Payment System” was adopted, which gave broad powers to all financial market entities.

In turn, to implement the provisions of Law No. 161, the regulator adopted regulatory documents regulating various issues of the existence and functioning of all payment systems.

Functioning of payment systems

One of the fundamental regulations for the functioning of the national payment system issued by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation is Regulation 383 P. It affects almost every participant in settlement legal relations.

This document replaced the outdated Regulation No. 2-P “On non-cash payments on the territory of the Russian Federation” that is outdated and does not correspond to modern realities of payments. The reality is that modern technologies have entered every sphere of human life, including banking.

The updated regulatory act now includes both the regulation of transfers of funds between counterparties using the classical method, and the procedure for making mutual settlements using electronic means of payment.

Here, too, for the first time, the structures that have the right to engage in money transfers were clearly defined. This point was missed when normative act No. 161 was adopted.

Counterparties and verification

The banking transaction must be certified:

1. signature of an authorized person or its equivalent;
2. electronic signature;
3. code or password.

Counterparties for non-cash transactions can be (according to clause 2.3 of the resolution):

1. individuals;
2. individual entrepreneurs;
3. legal entities;
4. banking institutions;
5. bodies involved in collecting funds (fiscal, executive services).

Reformative in the package of these laws is the acceptance by banks of payment documents from legal entities without the signature of the chief accountant of the enterprise (Law of the Russian Federation on accounting).

Payment forms

Transfers of funds by banks through existing bank accounts or without opening an account must take place strictly within the framework of federal law, supported by regulatory documents of the Bank of the Russian Federation.

The choice of payment form is determined at the request of the payment sender, but can be determined by an agreement with the counterparty.

The following forms of non-cash payments are available to financial market participants:

1. issue of letter of credit;
2. payment upon request of the beneficiary;
3. issuing and clearing checks;
4. payment request;
5. collection order.

Settlements under a letter of credit

When opening a letter of credit to the issuing bank, the payer issues conditions under which the bank must send funds to the recipient.

Typically, payment occurs only after the latter provides documents confirming the fulfillment of the conditions stated in the letter of credit.

The executor under the letter of credit can be:

1. the bank that issued the letter of credit;
2. payee's bank;
3. any other financial institution.

The issuer of the letter of credit may also be the payer at the same time.

A letter of credit acts as a separate document from the contract and is executed separately. There are electronic and paper forms of issue, changes, notifications and other actions related to the execution of payment of this form.

The form of the letter of credit is specified in clause 6.7 and must include:

1. number and date of registration;
2. amount of payment;
3. details of all counterparties participating in the transaction;
4. type and validity period of the document;
5. method of execution;
6. a list of documents that must be provided by the recipient to carry out the transaction;
7. deadlines for submitting documents confirming the fulfillment of the conditions;
8. procedure for payment of the issuer's remuneration.

In addition to the required data, the letter of credit may contain additional information, by agreement of the parties. The abolition of the strict form of the document, in particular, allowed banks to apply the international payment standards UPS 600 when issuing letters of credit.

Video: Discussion of the new edition

Settlements by collection orders

Collection orders are often used in trade transactions, when the agreement provides for the intermediary services of a bank in the exchange of funds for the preparation of documents under the contract. The beneficiary of the funds can be either the sending bank itself or the payer bank.

The collection form can be either paper or electronic.

P The collection operation is carried out as follows:

1. an agreement is reached between the parties on the use of this form of transaction;
2. issuing collection orders and issuing necessary documents;
3. forwarding of the order by the remitting bank to the payer (collecting) bank;
4. After payment is made by the payer, he is given the documents necessary to receive the goods and close the transaction.

In the case where the beneficiary is the payer's bank, the terms of the service agreement between the parties are used and a bank order is issued in accordance with these terms.

Payments by checks

According to the rules determined by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, settlements through the issuance and redemption of checks are established by federal law. On its basis, an agreement is drawn up.

The check must display data approved by federal authorities. The form of the check, as well as additional requirements for the data contained in it, are established independently by the credit company. When accepting a check, the receiving party must verify its authenticity. Only an authorized person can present a check for redemption.

The exception for the circulation of check orders among credit institutions is the Bank of Russia. When interacting with it, this type of calculation is not used.

Settlements by payment orders

The payment order obliges the bank to transfer funds from the sender’s bank account or without opening an account to the beneficiary, according to the data specified in the payer’s order, submitted in paper or electronic form.

In addition to settlement, transfer by payment order is also practiced for deposit accounts.

According to Appendices 1–3 of the Regulations “On the Rules for Transferring Funds”, the payment request must contain:

1. sender and recipient data;
2. bank details of the sender and recipient banks (name, BIC, current account number);
3. amount and purpose of payment;
4. date of registration and signature of the sender.

The payment request is valid for ten calendar days from the date of its execution. If the recipient of the money is the financial institution itself, then a cash order is issued during the transaction.

Transfer of funds at the request of the recipient

Calculations through the transfer of financial resources at the request of the beneficiary or direct debit are regulated by federal legislative acts taking into account the norms of paragraphs 1.2–4 of the 2012 document of the Center of the Bank of the Russian Federation No. 383 p.

The regulator has tried to bring this form of payment in line with international approaches used when transferring funds at the request of the recipient.

In addition to the fact that the requirement to transfer funds comes from the recipient, this method of making a non-cash transfer of funds is no different from a transfer based on a payment order.

Acceptance for execution, cancellation, revocation of orders in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations “On the Rules for the Transfer of Funds”

Acceptance or refusal to execute an order to transfer funds is written out in the second chapter of document No. 383 p dated June 19, 2012.

The order is accepted after:

1. checking a person’s right to use funds (both for paper and electronic transactions);
2. checking the completed form and structure for errors and typos;
3. checking the account for the availability of funds to make the payment.

Banks may also impose additional requirements in accordance with established service rules or an agreement with the client. Thus, when submitting an electronic request, the client must accept it using an electronic key, signature or entering a password. Sometimes the bank verifies the transaction by calling the client’s phone.

After verification, the payment order is registered, assigning an incoming number and the date of acceptance.

If the result of checking the order is negative, the sender receives a notification about its cancellation.

If it is necessary to revoke a transfer, the client must contact the bank and write a corresponding application. However, it is worth doing this before the payment becomes irrevocable. This statement follows the financial institution's reasons for reversing a transaction.

Application of provision 383-p

Updating the legislative framework in the field of forms of non-cash payments made it possible to bring the electronic payment market within the framework of the law, which significantly simplified work and mutual settlements in this market.

A clear definition of the subjects of the paper and electronic payments market reduced the possibility of manipulation with the forms of the subjects and increased the reliability of transactions. Bringing payment forms to international standards has significantly speeded up international transactions.

The timely response of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation to changes in the forms of payment transactions led to an increase in the reliability and number of non-cash transactions, which has a beneficial effect on the banking and economic industries.