If you build a permanent garage, make a project for it, get it approved and then put it into operation, then the requirements for the construction of the garage are as follows, standardized by the document DBN 360-92* “Urban Planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements" (full text in attachment). There is no clear definition of this distance. In the document 3 possible indentation options, I will list all three below.
First. According to Table 7.5, the distance from ground garages and open parking lots (with the number of cars less than 10) to residential buildings (including the ends of residential buildings without windows) should be taken as 10 m. But according to Note 3 to the same table for garages I-II degrees of fire resistance (the degrees of fire resistance of structures are described in more detail in the appendix), this distance can be reduced by 25% if there are no opening windows in the garages, as well as entrances oriented towards residential and public buildings. Those. this distance can be reduced to 7.5 m if the garage is built as described above. And even an open area for parking a car should be located at the above distance (according to clause 3.16).
Second. According to Table 1 of Appendix 3.1 “Fire Requirements” of the same document, the distance from the garage to the house depends on the degree of fire resistance of the garage and the house. As for me, a house made of brick, insulated with foam plastic and plastered on top belongs to a building of category III. Let’s say you build a garage of category I or II. Then the distance between them should be at least 8 m.
Third. Clause 2 of Appendix 3.1. When designing driveways and pedestrian paths, it is necessary to ensure that fire trucks can travel to residential and public buildings, including those with built-in and attached premises, and that firefighters can access any apartment or premises from ladders or car lifts. Note. Along the facades of buildings that do not have entrances, it is allowed to provide strips 6 m wide with the lowest type of coating, suitable for the passage of fire engines.
As you can see, your neighbor is still quite a loyal person, since he requires a distance of 6 m from his house, although according to the standards this distance can be as much as 7.5-8 m.
Previously, other rules were in effect. Therefore, now you can often see a permanent garage attached even close to a neighbor’s house. Now the standards have become stricter. But if your garage had already been built, and you, for example, decided to simply strengthen its structure, then you could be guided by Appendix 7 to Table 1 of Appendix 3.1. I quote: Partial reconstruction of residential buildings and utility buildings on individual estate plots, which were built according to previously existing standards, is permitted in agreement with local authorities of architecture and urban planning, state fire and sanitary supervision. In this case, the reconstruction of residential buildings, their outbuildings and garages is possible provided that the existing distances between buildings are maintained.
If you build an easily removable garage, without a foundation, then you don’t have to do a project for it. This is due to the fact that structures with an area of up to 30 m2, made of lightweight structures without constructing a foundation, are considered small architectural forms, are not real estate (their transfer is possible without damaging them and significant depreciation) and therefore are not subject to registration by the BTI authorities, which means - and mandatory design.
But even for small architectural forms, compliance with the Land Code of Ukraine remains mandatory, which contains Section 3 “Rights to Land” and Chapter 17 “Good Neighborhood”. I will quote only 2 articles:
Article 103. Replacement of good faith
1. The lords and landowners of land plots are obliged to use such methods for the cultivation of land plots in accordance with their intended purpose, in which the lords and landowners of land plots manage the least inconsistencies (shaded nya, smoke, unpleasant odors, noise pollution etc.).
Article 104
The rulers and farmers of land plots can become involved in activities on land plots, which can lead to an unfortunate impact on the health of people, animals, in the world, land plots and so on. she.
Therefore, if it so happens that your neighbor is worried about the fire safety of his home, then you will have to come to an agreement with him. Otherwise, he may well sue, citing a violation of the land code.
Try to explain to your neighbor that a covered shed without a foundation with a platform will not become an obstacle to the passage of a fire truck, if necessary. That it can be easily dismantled. The obstacle here may just be the fence between your plots. The second thing a neighbor may be afraid of is gas pollution. Well, here you can, of course, promise not to warm up the car under his windows, if it’s realistic to do so later. Maybe he’s still afraid of something, both you and I can only guess. We'll have to talk, find out and agree :-).
So you have become the happy owner of a garden or other plot for house construction.
The plan of your future home has been thought out to the smallest detail. Funds have been found for the construction of such long-awaited, individual “happiness”. A team of skilled builders has been invited. And suddenly it turns out that not everything is so rosy.
From all sides you are told terrible stories about how some friends of your friends were forced by neighbors to rebuild a boundary fence because it was high and shaded their property.
And you planned just such a fence, dreaming of hiding your personal life from the eyes of curious neighbors!
Or how other acquaintances had a long and tedious lawsuit with their neighbors because they built their house close to their fence, thereby violating fire safety regulations!
And you, involuntarily, begin to find out: at what distance from the fence can you build a house, or how much do you need to step back from your neighbor’s fence to build a bathhouse?
Or maybe it would be better to resolve this issue amicably with the neighbors? The question is most likely rhetorical, because the neighbors may change, but the rules and regulations for development will never change radically.
Fence height standards
How high should the fence be?? In fact, there are building codes on this issue RF (SNiP 30-02-97 as amended on March 12, 2001).
In this document, the height of the fence between neighbors is regulated by certain numbers.
The areas must be fenced with transparent fences (mesh, lattice). This is done for one purpose - to prevent shading of the neighboring area.
The height of the fence is allowed up to 1.5 m. Solid fences can be built on the side of the roadway.
If the neighbors verbally agreed that the height of the fence between the sites will be different and transparency standards will be violated, then it is better to formalize such agreements in a contract. This agreement is legally binding and decisive in court.
SNiP is not a law, it only recommends certain standards for use. Please note that the administration of your locality, based on these rules, issues its own regulations, in accordance with the climatic and other regional characteristics of its territory.
For example, in the Volgograd region it is allowed to build a fence on a boundary no higher than 2.2 m. And with transparency of at least 50% of the total area of the fence. If an opaque fence is being built, then in this case the maximum height of the fence should be 0.75 m.
True, this primarily concerns housing and cottage construction. Therefore, it is advisable, in order to avoid future misunderstandings, before starting construction, visit the local government authority and clarify how high the fence located on the border of adjacent areas should be.
Fire regulations
What does SNiP tell us about fire safety? Do these rules need to be followed? The answer will only be positive.
Fire regulations, like traffic regulations, are written in blood. As they say, fire is not to be trifled with.
So:
According to fire safety, the minimum distance between neighboring houses (or buildings) is:
- — If the structure of the buildings is stone, concrete, etc. (let’s denote this type of structure with the letter “a”) – 6 m.
- — If the structure is the same, but the floors are wooden (“b”) - 8 m.
- — If the structure is wooden (“in”) – 15 m.
- — If the combination of house structures on neighboring plots is “a” and “b” - then 8 m.
- — If “a” and “b” are -10 m.
- — If “b” and “c” are -10 meters.
The distances between different buildings within your (or any other) site are not standardized.
Sanitary standards
In this regard, SNiP tells us the following:
- The distance between the house and the fence of the neighboring plot must be at least 3 meters. This distance is measured from the base to the boundary. If the elements of the house (canopy, roof, porch) protrude by more than 0.5 m, then the distance is measured from them.
- The distance from the buildings to the fence is 1 m. In this case, the roof slope of technical buildings is made towards its site.
- The distance from the boundary to buildings for walking and keeping poultry and livestock is at least 4 meters.
- The distance from the neighbor’s fence to the bushes is 1 m, to tall trees is 4 m, and to trees of average height is 2 m;
- The distance between the neighbor's house and your restroom (if there is one) and the building for walking and keeping poultry must be at least 12 m. Between the sauna, bathhouse, shower - at least 8 m. These sanitary standards must be observed on your site.
- There must be at least 1 m from the garage to the border of the neighboring plot.
The distance from the road to the fence is not a clear concept. Because the owner of the site does not determine it himself. He has the border of his property, which was determined for him in accordance with the link to existing (future) roads and communications, in accordance with the general plan.
But there are standards for the distance from a residential building and outbuildings to the red line of the street - at least 5 meters. If this is a driveway and not a road, then at least 3 m. At the same time, the fire safety distance between houses located on opposite sides of the road (driveway) must be observed.
The only thing that can be mentioned in this regard is the sidewalks. They are an integral part of the road structure (SNiP 2.07.01-89*, table 8), and their width in the private sector is 1-1.5 m.
And at the end of this review, it is worth mentioning that non-compliance with sanitary, household and fire regulations is subject to administrative punishment in the form of a fine. Well, those who are forewarned are forearmed!
Building a house on your own plot is quite a bold decision. In this case, the standards for the construction of a private house in terms of distance to someone else’s property must be observed, and the height of the fence must correspond to the number of storeys of the planned house.
What do you need to know before starting to build a house? First of all, you need to comply with building rules and regulations. For long-term and safe operation, SNiPs are required for both yours and your neighbor’s house. Compliance with the standards will ensure fire safety and comfort.
Construction and site planning
The documents must be correctly drawn up and there must be a certificate of ownership of the land plot. Planning begins with the designation of boundaries - separation by a fence. Fire safety planning is at the core of building codes. Rainwater from the roof should not be directed to an adjacent area of 1 meter. Water supply is carried out independently or centrally. Heating comes from autonomous systems (stoves, boilers). A compost bin should be installed if there is no sewerage system. Gas supply is made from reservoir sources, gas networks or from gas cylinder installations. After completion of all work, documents for real estate should be drawn up.
Distance between houses and other objects
To ensure fire safety, the location of buildings relative to each other is regulated by SNiP. It specifies planning rules and regulations for development. The distance that is required when creating the project itself is what you need to focus your attention on. It is a guarantor of fire safety, since when there is a fire from one building to another, the fire quickly spreads.
Minimum fire clearances:
- non-combustible materials (brick, concrete) - 6 meters
- flammable materials (metal with wooden rafters) - 8 meters
- wood - 15 meters
If the layout of the house is designed for 2 owners, then the distance is measured along one line between the buildings.
Distance to fence
- the distance between the neighbor's plot and the house is 3 meters
- barn for poultry, livestock, animals - 4m
- shower, baths, toilet - 3m
- garage - 1 meter
- greenhouses - 4 meters
Requirements and procedure for the fence
Types of fencing
- panel boards - boards are arranged horizontally or vertically (pine or spruce are the best wood)
- picket fence - strips (vertical) are attached to the beams; the height can be different
- trellises - wooden slats connected into diamond-shaped or square cells
- palisade - fragile in itself
Standards for the location of a house on a site
Before you start building a cottage or house, you need to study the building codes. This is necessary in order to avoid unpleasant consequences. If the standards are not met, then most likely the building will have to be demolished.
Studying the documentation
- standards for placing a house on a plot of land (SP 30−102−99 for individual and low-rise construction; SNiP 30−02−96 for the construction of country houses and soda buildings; SNiP 21−01−97 fire safety)
- draw up a master plan that takes into account standards
- obtaining a topographic image - it shows buildings and neighboring residential buildings
Standards for individual housing provided for by the site development
SNiPs are designed to ensure that buildings are as comfortable and safe as possible. SNiP 30−102−99 specifies standards for low-rise individual housing construction. In addition to the house, on such a site there may be outbuildings, perennial plantings, and underground communications. Such facilities are regulated by fire and sanitary standards. The relative position and distance of objects are taken into account. To avoid any troubles in the future when arranging and building a site, it is necessary to comply with the norms of individual housing construction.
“Red line” - this term means the line separating public areas from the building area (roads, highways, driveways).
Obtaining a building permit
Rules that must be followed when constructing individual housing construction
Individual housing construction means the construction of low-rise buildings intended not only for buildings, but also for storing food and materials, and raising livestock.
Rules
- convenient location close to the thoroughfare
- conducted and working communications
- developed infrastructure in the area
Fertile soil, development of the area and remoteness from the industrial zone are important conditions for construction.
Subject to compliance with the rules, construction can begin subject to:
- Permission has been obtained for the construction of the building and the relevant documentation is available
- Documents have been checked more than once, including a plan with plot boundaries
Other buildings are possible on the territory
- sheds
- biotoilets
- compost pits
Standards for individual housing construction
Main rules of SNiP for construction in the private residential sector
To clarify the location of the house construction, you need to contact the authorities (administration) for help. There you can find out all the standards for construction upon individual request. You cannot build too close or closely; there must be a certain distance between sections. There is no law regarding the location of buildings on private land. There are building rules for garden partnerships. They indicate the distance from the house to other areas and so on. You will risk your own safety if you do not follow the rules. You may also be sued and may be required to pay a fine and change the location of your home. To avoid this incident, it is worth finding out exactly how many meters there should be from the building to other houses.
What are the consequences of failure to comply with standards?
It will be necessary to correct sanitary standards, resolve all issues that have arisen with neighbors and certify written consent. The Code of Administrative Offenses defines penalties for non-compliance with the rules for the placement of buildings. The fines are huge.
Basic rules for the construction of an individual residential building SNiP
It is necessary to understand the documents for the land plot and mark the boundaries with neighboring lands. The cottage should be located no closer than 3 m from the streets and 5 m from the roads. Outbuildings should be located away from the street, in the depths of the site. A distance of at least 4 m from buildings. The distance from the outbuildings and the house to the neighboring plot is measured separately (at least 3 m). The distance from the forest to the house is at least 15 m.
Regulations for the construction of a house on a private housing plot
Individual construction is an area of residential land that is provided for acquisition for the purpose of:
- growing berries, fruits and agricultural crops
- recreation
- the buildings
House status based on land area:
- cottage, garden house
- country house
- individual house
It is necessary to follow construction rules for the correct and effective zoning of your own land area. It is necessary to correctly divide the plots into zones for the construction of buildings on them.
Division into types:
- gardening area - vegetable garden, greenhouse, garden, greenhouses, shrubs
- garden area - summer kitchen, garage, bathhouse, cellar, shower, toilet, workshop, well
- recreation area - swimming pool, playground, gazebo, awnings, flower beds
- living area - guest
Sanitary standards:
- from outbuildings - 50 meters
- from the garbage disposal - 15 meters
- from the well - 8 meters
- from the septic tank - 3 meters
Indicators for the construction of a private house from neighbors
For fire safety, the distance of the house on adjacent plots must be at least 6 (brick) -15 (wood) m. A fence specified in the project is erected around the plot. Special facilities must be available for breeding animals. The distance from buildings to trees is 5 meters. 1.5 m cannot be closer than 4 meters to power grids and underground communications. For bushes from buildings 1.5 m and to the designated boundaries of the site 1 meter.
A neighbor built a two-story bathhouse 6 meters high 1 meter from my site. As a result, a six-meter solid wall appeared, blocking the light from the eastern side and shading my site. The externally built bathhouse is a full-fledged residential building. Are there laws or other regulations prohibiting building bathhouses 6 meters high so close to the fence (1 meter)? What can I do in this case?
Consultations: 57
The standards for the location of buildings on a land plot are enshrined in building codes and regulations, including SP 30-102-99, SP 42.13330.2011, SP 53.13330.2011.
So, in accordance with clause 5.3.4 “SP 30-102-99. Planning and development of low-rise housing construction areas" (adopted by Decree of the State Construction Committee of Russia dated December 30, 1999 No. 94) to the border of the adjacent apartment area, the distances for sanitary conditions must be no less than:
from a manor house, one-two-apartment and blocked house - 3 m, taking into account the requirements of clause 4.1.5 SP 30-102-99;
from buildings for keeping livestock and poultry - 4 m;
from other buildings (bathhouse, garage, etc.) - 1 m;
from the trunks of tall trees - 4 m;
medium height - 2 m;
from the bush - 1 m.
As stated in clause 5.3.8 of SP 30-102-99, in areas with estate buildings, one- and two-apartment houses, the distance from the windows of living rooms to the walls of the neighboring house and outbuildings (barn, garage, bathhouse) located on adjacent land plots , must be at least 6 m.
In accordance with clause 7.1 “SP 42.13330.2011. Set of rules. Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements. Updated version of SNiP 2.07.01-89*" (approved by order of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia dated December 28, 2010 No. 820) the distances between residential buildings, residential and public, as well as industrial buildings should be taken on the basis of calculations of insolation and illumination in accordance with the requirements given in section 14 SP 42.13330.2011, illumination standards given in SP 52.13330, as well as in accordance with fire safety requirements given in section 15 SP 42.13330.2011.
Distances (domestic gaps) should be taken between the long sides of residential buildings:
for residential buildings with a height of two to three floors - at least 15 m;
four floors - at least 20 m;
between the long sides and ends of the same buildings with windows from living rooms - at least 10 m.
In conditions of reconstruction and other difficult urban planning conditions, these distances can be reduced subject to compliance with insolation, lighting and fire safety requirements, as well as ensuring that residential premises (rooms and kitchens) are not visible from window to window.
In areas of estate and garden-dacha development, the distances from the windows of residential premises (rooms, kitchens and verandas) to the walls of the house and outbuildings (barn, garage, bathhouse) located on adjacent land plots must be at least 6 m, and the distances to barn for keeping livestock and poultry - in accordance with clause 8.6 of SP 42.13330.2011.
The distance from the border of the site must be at least m: to the wall of a residential building - 3; to outbuildings - 1. In the absence of a centralized sewerage system, the distance from the toilet to the walls of the neighboring house must be at least 12 m, to the water supply source (well) - at least 25 m.
In accordance with clause 6.6 “SP 53.13330.2011. Set of rules. Planning and development of territories of gardening (dacha) associations of citizens, buildings and structures. Updated version of SNiP 30-02-97*" (approved by order of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia dated December 30, 2010 No. 849) a residential building or residential building must be at least 5 m from the red line of streets, and at least 3 m from the red line of passages m. In this case, between houses located on opposite sides of the passage, fire distances must be taken into account.
The distances from outbuildings to the red lines of streets and driveways must be at least 5 m. By agreement with the board of a gardening or dacha association, a shed or garage for a car can be placed on the site, directly adjacent to the fence on the side of the street or driveway.
Clause 6.7 of SP 53.13330.2011 states that the minimum distances to the border of the neighboring plot for sanitary conditions should be from:
residential building (or house) - 3 m;
buildings for keeping small livestock and poultry - 4 m;
other buildings - 1 m;
trunks of tall trees - 4 m, medium-sized ones - 2 m;
bush - 1 m.
The distance between a residential building (or house), outbuildings and the border of a neighboring plot is measured from the base or from the wall of the house, building (in the absence of a base), if the elements of the house and building (bay window, porch, canopy, roof overhang, etc.) do not protrude more than 50 cm from the plane of the wall. If the elements protrude by more than 50 cm, the distance is measured from the protruding parts or from their projection onto the ground (cantilever roof canopy, second floor elements located on poles, etc.).
When erecting outbuildings on a garden or dacha plot, located at a distance of 1 m from the border of an adjacent garden or dacha plot, the roof slope should be oriented in such a way that rainwater runoff does not fall on the neighboring plot.
If buildings were erected in violation of building codes and regulations, as a result of which the rights of neighbors on a land plot were violated, the violated right can be protected in court.
Thank you
