Muslin young lady MUSIN YOUNG LADY. 1. Outdated Iron. A cutesy girl with a bourgeois outlook, not adapted to life. - What am I thinking about?.. But this is what: why am I not a real young lady - so white, so tender, so helpless, so meek. After all, this has its own poetry, that is, in such a muslin young lady who doesn’t even know how water boils(Mamin-Sibiryak. Not that...). 2.
Neglected A pampered person not adapted to life. Amazing patient. This has never happened before in his many years of practice!.. Of course, a nervous shock, but time smoothes it out too. Moreover, we are not talking about a muslin young lady. About a healthy man(M. Yudalevich. Fifth year).
Phraseological dictionary of the Russian literary language. - M.: Astrel, AST. A. I. Fedorov. 2008.
Synonyms:See what “Kisein young lady” is in other dictionaries:
MUSIN YOUNG LADY- Phraseological combinations reflect the life or concepts of a certain social environment in a certain era no less vividly than individual words. Some of them then adapt to the new ideology that replaces the old views, and change their... ... History of words
Muslin young lady- Kiseynaya young lady is a phraseological unit of the Russian language. This expression appeared in the 19th century from the word muslin (thin expensive fabric). Initially, it was a caustically ironic description of the female type, nurtured by the old noble culture.... ... Wikipedia
Muslin young lady- (foreigner) dandy (in muslin). Wed. Before there were muslin young ladies. And they didn’t have any life of their own, but we have... We want to arrange our own destiny, and for this we need to know life... P. Boborykin. Decay. 2. Wed. (Whom to love?) Kiseynykh... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
muslin young lady- lady, white-handed Dictionary of Russian synonyms. muslin young lady noun, number of synonyms: 2 lady (12) ... Synonym dictionary
Muslin young lady- From the novel “Bourgeois Happiness” (1861) by Nikolai Gerasimovich Pomyalovsky (1835 1863): “A muslin girl!.. It’s a pity to look at such girls - amazing underdevelopment and emptiness!.. They read Marlinsky, perhaps they also read Pushkin; sing "Everyone... Dictionary of popular words and expressions
MUSIN YOUNG LADY- who is pampered, not adapted to life, weak; stupid, limited. This means that person (X) has little endurance, is sensitive to physical hardships and lack of amenities, because he is accustomed to constant attention and caring... ... Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language
Muslin young lady- wing. sl. Muslin young lady (girl) An expression used to mean: a cutesy, pampered girl with a limited outlook. Apparently, for the first time it entered literary speech from N. G. Pomyalovsky’s novel “Pittish Happiness” (1861): “Kiseinaya ... ... Universal additional practical explanatory dictionary by I. Mostitsky
muslin young lady- (foreigner) dandy (in muslin) Wed. Before there were muslin young ladies. And they had no life of their own. And we have... We want to arrange our own destiny, and for this we need to know life... P. Boborykin. Decay. 2. Wed. (Whom to love?) Kiseynykh... ... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary
Muslin young lady- Razg. Iron. About a pampered person not adapted to life. FSRY, 33; BMS 1998, 42; F 1, 17; Mokienko 1990, 145; SPP 2001.16. /i> Goes back to N. G. Pomyalovsky’s story “Pittish Happiness” ... Large dictionary of Russian sayings
muslin young lady- neglect a pampered person not adapted to life. The turnover goes back to the story by N.G. Pomyalovsky’s “Pittish Happiness” (1860), the heroine of which wore a muslin dress. The expression became famous after Pisarev’s article “The Romance of the Muslin Girl”... Phraseology Guide
Books
- Belladonna, Korostyshevskaya Tatyana Georgievna. Belladonna, the second unhereditary princess of Jargamor, is not your muslin aristocrat from the central planets! To achieve her goal, she will collect magic tea from the plantations and...
Good afternoon
My name is Daria Ryabchenko, and today I would like to present to your attention a project on the Russian language “History of the Word”.
Of course, our language is constantly developing and, often, using various words, phrases and means of expression in our speech, we do not even think about how this or that word came about and what its meaning is. But in more detail, using the example of Vinogradov’s article, I would like to consider the history of the phraseological unit “muslin young lady”. My choice is not accidental, since phraseological units are the most important and subtle tools in creating works of oral folk art and fiction. All these treasures are stored not only in countless libraries, but also in the secrets of our linguistic knowledge. It is important to know the meaning and significance. How to correctly use this or that phraseological unit? What is the history of the origin of this phrase?
It is known that in modern Russian the expressionmuslin young lady rarely used. To many it seems archaic. It seems to have come from pre-revolutionary life. It's interesting thatthe meaning of the phraseological unit “muslin young lady” is completely different.
1. V.I. Dal in the “Explanatory Dictionary” does not give this expression, but indicates:« muslin among the people, a dandy who walks in muslin.”
2. D.N. Ushakov in The Large Explanatory Dictionary of the Modern Russian Language writes: “Muslin young lady or girl (iron.·obsolete ) - a cutesy girl with a limited outlook who received a patriarchal upbringing"
3. And in Ozhegov’s dictionary “ Kiseynaya young lady" takes on the following meaning: a cutesy girl with a bourgeois outlook, not adapted to life.
In addition, they say that this expression comes from the name of a thin transparent material, which in the 19th century was called “muslin”. Only rich young ladies could afford such material. Airy dresses were made from it. Due to the fact that the material was very thin, it could be torn very easily, literally with one awkward movement. In addition, the pampered young ladies were so touchy that they were offended over trifles. And since it was as easy to offend a girl as to tear her airy muslin dress, they began to be called “muslin young ladies.”
In the 30s and 40s of the 19th century, a special style of behavior and a manner of dressing appeared, which later gave rise to the expression “muslin young lady.” This coincides with the timing of the new silhouette in clothing. The waist drops into place and is emphasized in every possible way by incredibly full petticoats. The new silhouette was supposed to emphasize the fragility, tenderness, and airiness of a woman. Bowed heads, downcast eyes, slow, smooth movements or, on the contrary, ostentatious playfulness were characteristic of that time. Fidelity to the image required that girls of this type coyly act at the table, refusing to eat, and constantly portray detachment from the world and sublimity of feelings. The plastic properties of thin, light fabrics contributed to the emergence of romantic airiness.The expression “Kiseinaya young lady”, or “Kiseinnitsa” at first meant only “dandy”.
Meanwhile, in the 60s, in which this expression was formed and for those to whom it was typical, a completely different meaning was put into it. Then "muslin young lady orlady “ were terms of contempt for advanced female youth, the name given to superficial, secular and undeveloped women.
But in literature the expressionmuslin girl appeared for the first time in N. G. Pomyalovsky’s story “Pittish Happiness” in 1861. It was applied by the emancipated landowner Lizaveta Arkadyevna Obrosimova to the provincial noble girl Lenochka: “Muslin girl !... it’s a pity to look at such girls - amazing, pathetic emptiness! - exclaimed the heroine.
The famous critic D.I. Pisarev in the article “The Novel of a Muslin Girl” wrote: “To the type of good-naturedmuslin girl All women who are not distinguished by a strong and brilliant mind, who have not received a decent education and at the same time who are not spoiled and not confused by the noise and bustle of the so-called secular life, are suitable. These women have developed only one ability, which nature itself takes care of, namely the ability to love. The whole fate of such a woman is decided, of course, by those whom she loves.”
In a word, the expressionmuslin young lady with 60s XIX century firmly entered into the language of Russian fiction and journalism, as well as into the colloquial speech of the intelligentsia.
In the memoirs of S.I. Lavrentieva “Experienced” we read about the 60s: “Together with the youth - men, our women, who before in the old days there were hawthorns in the towers, sat behind mothers and nannies, and hay girls, were also excited hoops, and later sat with white hands,muslin young ladies behind the horde of serf servants..." "...My sister and I were not doing nothingmuslin young ladies who don't know how to kill time"
So the expressionmuslin young lady , put into wide literary circulation by N. G. Pomyalovsky in the 60s, became entrenched in intellectual speech and in journalistic style as a caustic and ironic characterization of the female type, nurtured by the old noble culture. But gradually, with changes in social life, the expressive colors in this expression fade, and already at the beginning of the current century it is relegated to the archives of Russian literary speech, although it sometimes appears in the wide arena of the general literary language.
In the old days, in the 19th century, the expression “muslin young lady” appeared. It meant girls who were not adapted to life. They may have been educated, but they didn’t know how to do anything. We will look at the history, meaning and examples today.
Thin and expensive fabric
Kisey was an elite fabric in the 19th century. As you can understand, it is difficult to sew robes from it. And a girl of noble origin possesses these same qualities. No, of course, not in the sense that it is impossible to sew work clothes from it, but in the fact that she, brought up on French novels, naturally knows nothing about a cow or cleaning the house with her own hands. Added to the absolute inability to cope with life is a narrow intellectual horizon. In other words, if someone was called a muslin young lady in the 19th century, it was not the most flattering description.
Author of phraseology
History gives the palm in this dispute to Pomyalovsky, a Russian writer who two years before his death in 1861 wrote the novel “Pittish Happiness.” Then the expression “muslin young lady” was picked up in his article by the famous literary critic Dmitry Pisarev. He wrote a review of Pomyalovsky's story. After them there was also Nikolai Shelgunov. Then the expression becomes winged and flies from one writer to another.
Rumors about the death of phraseological units are greatly exaggerated
Sources claim that the expression “muslin young lady” has fallen out of active use, and this is probably true. Other books talk about the complete death of stable expression, and here it is worth arguing.
Indeed, now there are no girls who received a classical noble education. Thus, the expression cannot be used in the literal sense, but it is quite actively used when a man behaves “like a girl”: cries, whines. At the same time, they may say to him: “Well, men don’t cry! Get it together!” or the same version of the same message: “Well, you’ve come apart like a muslin young lady.” Even children know this expression, although we suspect that not everywhere, not throughout Russia, as they once said in the “Weather Forecast” program.
The main thing: the phraseological unit is alive and will live for a long time. The language is not updated as often as car or laptop models.
New “muslin young ladies” - blondes
Blonde girls replaced the bourgeois noblewomen who were unadapted to life. We should immediately make a reservation: blonde is not a hair color, but a state of mind. These are women who also don’t know how to do anything and aren’t particularly interested in anything. They have one calling - to be beautiful! But the trouble is that this beauty is usually contained by someone else. The blonde (the heroine of many modern jokes) is perfect for the role, which can be conventionally called the “muslin young lady” (a phraseological unit, the meaning of which we have already discussed).
By the way, about jokes. Sometimes blondes tell stories about themselves and laugh wildly. And all this is not because they have a certain amount of self-irony. They just assume that everyone else is living wrong. And all these funny humoresques are composed by not very smart people. This is such an inversion.
Simulators - “muslin young ladies” from sports
Nobody likes those who pretend. And it doesn’t matter where the events take place: in a school classroom or on a football field. Imagine a student who, in front of everyone, would beg the teacher for a grade with characteristic howls: “Well, give it a C,” like a street child at a train station begging for a copper penny.
Such behavior does not inspire respect, but someone, observing this picture, could say: “What a muslin young lady he is!” Phraseologism in modern language shows the unworthy behavior of men, not women.
It’s the same story with football players as with students. Some of them want to influence the judge not so much with their real suffering when a collision occurs, but with their acting skills. It is developed in some athletes. But not only free kicks are a stumbling block, but also penalties. When a football player enters the goal area, he immediately begins to feel weak in his legs and is inevitably drawn to the ground. At one time he was a specialist in “diving” in the penalty area.
The melancholy of the muslin young lady
Knowing the general nature of the expression, we can assume that the languor of the soul of a muslin young lady is a state of mind when a person languishes over imaginary problems. As we understand, now this can happen to anyone, gender does not play a role here.
But let’s give an example of a woman’s conversation:
You know, Mikhail called me and said that he had a headache. Do you think this is true, or is he lying because he stopped loving me? Or maybe he got himself another one, younger and better.
Calm down, all this is unnecessary torment. When he comes to you, you can ask him. Why languish pointlessly now?
What if he never comes again?
This conversation is potentially eternal. It’s easy to imagine young men or teenagers in love in approximately the same roles. If people have something to occupy themselves with, then such languor does not threaten them. There's simply no time for it.
The phrase “muslin young lady” appeared in the Russian language in the second half of the 19th century. It arose from the name of an expensive and very light fabric - muslin. In gaseous fabrics, the threads do not fit tightly to each other; there are gaps between them, which gives them a special airiness and transparency. Gauze also belongs to the same group of materials, but unlike muslin it is simpler and cheaper. Kiseya is very popular in the East, where there is a hot climate; it shades the room and allows air to pass through. Draperies and curtains made of this fabric add mystery and exoticism to the room. Even today, muslin is used to decorate windows; fabric from India, China, Turkey and Italy is especially popular.
In the old days, muslin was widely used to create women's clothing. Ladies' toilets made of this material were preferred by Russian young noblewomen, who were called “young ladies.” The girls tried to follow all the latest fashion trends and look elegant. Kisey was especially suitable for young girls; older ladies preferred denser materials. Suffice it to recall the white dress, decorated with a satin bow and intended for the ball, about which Ekaterina Sushkova, the lady of the heart of young Mikhail Lermontov, writes. The “apple green dress” of the main character of the novel “Gone with the Wind” was made from tarlatan, a type of muslin. Particularly popular were thin fabrics in fashionable pale shades, for which it was difficult to even come up with names, - Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol ironically noted in the poem “Dead Souls”.
Use in literature
The phrase “muslin girl” is mentioned for the first time in the literary work of Nikolai Pomyalovsky. The heroine of the story “Bourgeois Happiness” (1861), Lizaveta Arkadyevna, addresses her indignation to the young noblewoman Lenochka, who grew up in the provinces. The landowner talks about how sorry she is to look at such girls, how she is surprised by their “amazing underdevelopment and emptiness!..” The expression “muslin girl” has become the personification of not too beautiful, intelligent people, light-hearted, but not capable of strong feelings. Their noble origins and vulnerable nature did not allow them to do household chores. They did not work, did not study, dreamed of gifts and waited for a successful marriage. Pomyalovsky wrote about “muslin creatures” that they “eternally dream, always play...”.
The phrase quickly entered the literature. It was made popular by the critic Dmitry Pisarev, who wrote “The Romance of the Muslin Girl” (1865), a review of Pomyalovsky’s work. The publicist published it in the Russian Word publication. And after the publication of Nikolai Shelgunov’s essay “Women’s Idleness,” the phraseological phrase “muslin young lady” appeared in the works of many writers, poets and publicists. The author of the novel “Egyptian Darkness” (1888), Vsevolod Krestovsky, put the concept of “muslin rubbish” into the mouths of his characters. Later, the term “muslinness” appeared in his works; in order for the heroine to gain the respect of decent people, they were advised to get rid of it. Phraseologism is present in “The Islanders” (1866) by Nikolai Leskov and “The Nihilist” (1884) by Sofia Kovalevskaya. “Kisein young ladies” are mentioned by Pyotr Boborykin in “Disintegration” (1884) and Alexander Kuprin in “Moloch” (1896).
Interpretation of phraseological units
In Vladimir Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary (1881) there is no phraseological unit, but the word “muslin” can be found in it. The famous lexicographer characterizes her as a “dandy.” The phrase “muslin young lady” did not become forgotten during Soviet history. In the dictionary edited by Ushakov (1935), its meaning is: “a cutesy, narrow-minded girl” brought up according to patriarchal rules. Sergei Ozhegov (1949) supplements the definition of such a young person with the “philistine outlook.”
Many, having heard this phraseological unit, mistakenly understood it as “jelly young lady.” One of these curious cases is described in the popular book for children by Eduard Uspensky “Uncle Fyodor, the Dog and the Cat.”
What does it have to do with the “Turgenev girl”
Many see common features in these two expressions. The main thing that unites them is the sophistication of nature. Turgenev's heroines are young ladies who grew up in remote estates, on which the corrupting influence of the city did not manifest itself. They are pure, modest and educated. Such girls fall in love, and then faithfully and devotedly follow their ideal all their lives. They have great moral strength and overcome obstacles. This is exactly what the “muslin young ladies” lack, who are artificial persons in pursuit of fashion and have lost their originality.
The phraseological phrase “muslin young lady” reflected a certain social environment in the new Soviet era. Butkevich’s article “In a girls’ school” discussed the primary goals of a women’s educational institution: to educate a brave, hardworking patriot, and not “to make Soviet girls into muslin young ladies.”
By the 60s, there was a strong opinion that the term “muslin young lady” expresses the contempt of advanced Soviet youth for “superficial and undeveloped women.” The phraseological turn caustically and ironically characterized the female type that was nurtured by noble culture. But gradually the bright colors of phraseological units began to fade and lose their expressiveness.
Modern “muslin young ladies”
Today it is impossible to meet a girl who received a classical noble upbringing. Yes, and outfits made of muslin are not often found. Therefore, the expression “muslin young lady” has lost its original meaning. Phraseologism is present in the modern lexicon, although it has acquired a completely different connotation. So, for example, if a male representative whines and gives vent to tears, then he is told that he is behaving “like a girl” or “limp like a muslin young lady.” Even children know that a man must be collected, and tears do not suit him.
In modern society, noblewomen and bourgeois women have been replaced by glamorous beauties. There are quite a few blondes among them, so the expression “muslin young ladies” refers primarily to them. It is generally accepted that blondes are not just the owners of a certain hair color, but a characteristic state of mind. For such girls, the main thing is their own beauty, in this they see their calling. And it doesn’t matter that someone else will contain this beauty. Being insufficiently educated, they know little and have little interest in anything, moreover, they show absolute inability to cope with life situations. However, among the owners of light-colored hair there are successful and intelligent women, but folklore has long made blondes the heroines of jokes and called them “muslin young ladies.”
Often a “muslin young lady” is called a capricious girl or young man who whines and expresses dissatisfaction all the time. He constantly complains about small, often far-fetched problems and discomfort. Sometimes this expression is used to describe a pampered person who is afraid of any difficulties. For example, such a weak-willed and unbalanced person seems cold even in a warm room.
Also, a phraseological unit characterizes a person’s unworthy behavior in various situations. An example would be a student who asks for an inflated assessment of his knowledge, and does this in front of his friends. Some football players, when receiving a free kick, try to influence the referee using acting skills. The phrase “Oh, you are a muslin young lady!” It sounds especially offensive if it is addressed to a man.
In our time, the expression has become less common, but has not become archaic. After all, the language is not updated as quickly as car models and electronic devices. This means that the catchphrase will have a longer life than the innovations of technical thought. Coming from pre-revolutionary life, it has been preserved in the Russian language, although it has acquired new colors. Phraseologism is not only found in everyday communication, but is also readily used by modern writers.
Kiseyny - a pampered person not adapted to life ◆ This expression appeared in the word (thin expensive fabric). Initially, it was a caustic and ironic description of the female type nurtured by the old culture
What am I thinking about?.. But here’s what: why am I not a real young lady - so white, so tender, so helpless, so meek. After all, this has its own poetry, i.e. e. in such a muslin young lady who doesn’t even know how water boils
(Mamin-Sibiryak. “Not that”...).
Such a muslin young lady has her own poetry. If I were a man, I would fall in love with just such a young lady, so that she would be all mine, look with my eyes, hear with my ears, think with my thoughts. , "Not that…"
When pronouncing an expression « jelly young lady", one immediately imagines a kind of merchant’s daughter in feather beds, noisily sucking hot jelly from a saucer with her lips. But actually Kiselnykh There are no young ladies, there are only consonant " muslin».
D. AND . Pisarev in the article “The Romance of the Muslin Girl” wrote:« The type of good-natured muslin girl is suitable for all women who are not distinguished by a strong and brilliant mind, who have not received a decent education and, at the same time, who are not spoiled or confused by the noise and bustle of the so-called social life. These women have developed only one ability, which nature itself takes care of, namely the ability to love. The whole fate of such a woman is decided unconditionally by those whom she loves."
Let's look at the encyclopedia. Kiseya- This is a light, transparent plain-weave paper fabric, originally made from Indian nettle, later from cotton.
In dictionary V. Dahl there is no definition of a “muslin girl,” but there is “ muslin» - a dandy who wears muslin.
Muslin - women who, before in the old days as hawthorns in the towers, behind mothers and nannies, and hay girls, sat at the hoops, and later sat as white-handed, muslin young ladies behind a horde of serf servants..." (S.I. Lavrentieva, "Experienced " )
Muslin young ladies have now become archaic. No less vividly than individual words, they reflect the life or concepts of a certain social environment in a certain era phraseological combinations Some of them then adapt to a new ideology, replacing old views, and change their meanings; others are handed over to the archives as unnecessary during the general reform of everyday life or a sharp change in culture.
A very colorful discussion about muslin young ladies at N. IN . Shelgunov “Women’s idleness” (1865):« As a muslin young lady, you chase moths, pick flowers, weave wreaths out of them, make bouquets of fragrant wildflowers and inhale their aroma for a long, long time, as if your soul needs something and that something is sitting in your bouquet which you squeeze, press to your heart, and smell until you forget yourself.
A muslin young lady gets up late in the morning - why shouldn’t she sleep for a long time when there is no need to get up early? - she will order the working person to bring water in a jug and wash herself only because it is generally not customary for men to give girls wash. After this, the young lady orders tea with cream and various delicious rolls and cookies to restore the strength lost by sleep, and goes to the meadow to run and pick flowers.”
In Ushakov’s dictionary (1, p. 1359) we read: “A muslin young lady or girl (ironically obsolete) is a cutesy girl with a limited outlook who received a patriarchal upbringing.” Between the beautiful era, the period when this expression was formed and for whom it was typical, a completely different, positive, sublime meaning was invested in it.
For advanced working youth, the concept of “muslin girl” became synonymous with the term “muslin lady” and was pronounced with contempt, in the form of a nickname. U N. G . Pomyalovsky in the story “Pittish Happiness” (1861) it is used emancipated landowner Lizaveta Arkadyevna Obrosimova to the provincial noble girl Lenochka: “Kisein girl!...Kasein girl, darling girl!” (ibid., p. 106); “It’s a pity, he felt unbearably sorry for this poor girl... the stupid, muslin girl... (...) it was destined that she would not become a human woman, but a woman-woman" (ibid., p. 199 ).
In the memoirs of S. AND . Lavrentyeva “Experienced”: «... My sister and I were not muslin young ladies doing nothing, not knowing how to kill time.”
And only we, the audience of the 21st century, had the fate of admiring and being touched by muslin young ladies, using their sweet and romantic images in decorative crafts and decoupage.
Great luxury - not being fashionable
Vintage, unique, piece.
The article uses genre painting Madeleine Lemaire (1845 - 1928, Paris)- French artist who was called the Empress of Roses during the Belle Epoque. @Milendia
