Types of roofing for private houses

The upper element of the roof, which protects the house from the influence of natural phenomena and mechanical influences, is called the roof. The roof covering not only performs practical functions, but also creates the overall appearance of the entire building. Therefore, choosing the optimal material for roofing is very important. Various types of roofing for the roofs of private houses can make an inexperienced person in these matters confused. But having at least general knowledge about the quality and functionality of a particular type of material, you can successfully select a suitable roofing covering.

What to pay attention to:

Fire resistance and durability;

Metal roof

These types of roofing material for private house roofs are lightweight, which makes it possible to install them on lightweight roofs. The strength of metal tiles allows it to withstand human weight.

Diagram and dimensions of metal tile sheets

Fire resistance and frost resistance;

It has a wide color palette, so with its help you can realize the most daring design ideas and make a private home original and unusual;

In addition, the tiles can have a wave shape, be cascading, Roman, and vary in size and thickness.

Color solutions for metal tiles

Disadvantages of metal roofing:

Poor sound insulation of the house, which is especially noticeable during rain or hail;

Low level of thermal insulation;

A fragile protective layer that is easily susceptible to damage as a result of transportation or installation.

This is what a leaf looks like up close

The cost of such roofing material varies from 200 to 700 rubles per sheet.

Metal tiles on the house

Corrugated roofing

Profiled metal sheets, which have a wide color palette, are called corrugated sheets. They are usually made from galvanized steel and are shaped into a recognizable wave-like shape to provide rigidity.

Scheme of corrugated sheets

Long service life;

Environmental friendliness and versatility for any home;

Variety of colors;

Beautiful exterior of the house.

Photo of a house made of corrugated board

However, this roofing material also has a number of disadvantages:

The house heats up quickly in the sun;

May be subject to corrosion if damaged;

Has a high noise level during rain;

If the installation of corrugated sheets was carried out by non-professionals, then the tightness may be compromised.

The cost of corrugated sheeting is small - from 150 rubles per linear meter.

Ondulin roof

To produce ondulin sheets, cellulose fiber, purified bitumen, and mineral filler are used and they are impregnated with polymer resin. This material for the roofing of a private house has high technical characteristics, which allows it to compete with other materials of this type.

Ondulin sheet dimensions

The main advantages of ondulin roofing:

High noise insulation properties of the house;

This option is resistant to UV rays;

Resistance to fungi, mold, insect damage;

Fastening ondulin to special nails

The disadvantages of ondulin are:

Weak resistance to temperature fluctuations;

Low level of fire safety;

Relatively short service life (up to 25 years).

Photo of the roof of a house made of ondulin

The cost of variants of this roofing material ranges from 300 to 600 rubles per sheet measuring 1.95 * 0.96 m.

Slate roofing

This type of roofing material for roofs, like slate, has been very popular for a long time. It is made from a mixture based on asbestos and cement. Sometimes slate is painted in different colors to match the color of the house, but most often it is used in its original form, that is, in gray.

Slate sheet sizes

Does not warm up in the sun;

Does not conduct electricity;

Not susceptible to corrosion.

Photo of slate replacement

The disadvantages of slate roofing include:

Ability to absorb rain and melt water.

As for the cost, it is quite low - from 150 rubles for a standard sheet.

Flexible roof tiles

Flexible tiles have a high-tech and multi-layer structure and consist of fiberglass impregnated with bitumen and various polymer additives.

Flexible tile options

Environmental friendliness and safety;

Flexibility and plasticity;

Respectable appearance;

Resistance to mechanical influences.

Photo of a roof made of flexible tiles

Flexible tiles can be of different colors

This type of roofing for the roofs of private houses has some disadvantages:

It is difficult to replace an individual element; the tiles quickly heat up in the scorching sun.

Also, the disadvantages include the high cost of such material - from 200 rubles per square meter.

Another option for flexible tiles

Roll fused roofing

Multilayer guide roll material is made from fiberglass, polymers or bitumen.

High strength, which reduces the likelihood of tearing during installation;

Possibility of sealing seams by heat welding.

The disadvantages of this roofing option for the roofs of private houses include:

Not very attractive appearance;

Possibility of sliding at large angles of inclination (30 degrees or more).

The price of such roofing material is small - from 350 rubles per roll of 9 m².

Roof tiles

Natural ceramic tiles are one of the popular types of roofing for a country house. It is made from special clay using the tape or stamping method with further firing.

The roof has high sound insulation;

Inertness to biological and chemical influences;

UV resistance.

The disadvantages of this material include:

Its heavy weight;

How to choose a roof for the roof of a private house

To choose the right roof for the roof of a private house, you should take into account the load on the supporting structures, the practicality of the material and its durability. The current climatic conditions and financial capabilities of the home owner are also taken into account - the cost of the material plays an important role. The warranty period offered by the manufacturer also matters. The material must be of the highest quality and durability. The roofing covering for the house is selected based on the roof structure. For flat roofs, all types of rolled materials on a mastic or bitumen basis are most often used, and self-leveling roofing is also used. For pitched structures, seam roofing, slate, various types of tiles, and steel-based materials (corrugated sheets, metal tiles) are used.

Types of roofing and roofing materials

Roof covering is a serious issue faced by any developer. Considering the variety of materials on today's construction market, it is easy to get confused when choosing. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to distinguish between types of roofing and navigate their features.

Roofing for the roof - one of the types

Types of roofing

Roofing material is a kind of protective shell of the roof from atmospheric influences.

Modern roofing is reliable and durable, and can be made from a variety of materials: from ordinary wood to trendy polymers.

Existing types of roofing can be divided into 5 main types:

Existing roof types

Film (membrane) roofing used for the installation of public and industrial buildings with solid concrete foundations and slight slopes. The advantage of such a roof is its ease of installation. Laying the film is possible even on old roof coverings.

Mastic roofing applied to the base without using roll coatings. This material consists of viscous oligomeric substances, when solidified, a monolithic film is formed.

Sheet roofing, in turn, is divided by type of material:

• slate, including artificial;
• Cink Steel;
• aluminum;
• cardboard-bitumen sheet;
• metal tiles.

The main advantage of sheet roofing materials is durability, variety of colors and shapes.

Roll roofing provides resistance to frost, high temperatures and rot.

Piece roofing materials include:

• tiles – concrete, metal, ceramic;
• slate;
• wood - planks, shingles, shingles.

Ceramic tiles- the most popular material. It can be used for more than a hundred years, is UV resistant and perfectly absorbs noise.

Types of roofing differ in the material of manufacture, physical properties and purpose.

Soft roof

Soft roofing is divided into several types:

Tiles (bitumen shingles). This material is very similar to natural tiles. However, it is flexible, which makes this roof easy to install. Advantages of soft tile roofing:

• resistance to corrosion and rotting;
• low thermal conductivity;
• tightness;
• Possibility of use on complex roofs;
• large selection of designs and colors.

PVC membranes. Membrane soft roofing is sheets a meter and a half wide, laid on adhesive double-sided material. The advantages of this coating:

• strength;
• resistance to frost and weathering;
• vapor permeability.

Installation of soft roll roofing using a torch

Rolls. Soft roll roofing is a carpet made from many layers: roofing felt, roofing felt, glassine and modern materials. Mounted by gluing to the base using burners. Advantages of roll roofing:

• waterproof;
• resistance to frost;
• low cost;
• ease of installation.

Metal roofing

The basis of a metal roof is usually sheet materials, which can last up to a hundred years.

Flat sheets. This type of roofing is made of galvanized and non-galvanized (black) steel. Pros of roofing made from flat metal sheets:

• light weight;
• the ability to mount a configuration of any complexity;
• good water drainage due to smoothness;
• fire resistance;
• ease of reconstruction;

Profiled sheet is the most popular roofing material in Russia

Profiled sheets. Most often this is a corrugated sheet of galvanized steel and aluminum (aluminum slate). The advantages of this coating:

• ease of material and installation;
• resistance to frost and corrosion.

Metal tiles. This roofing is made up of corrugated profiled sheets that look like natural tiles. Among the advantages of this roof:

• beautiful appearance;
• ease;
• corrosion resistance.

Flat roof

A flat roof is a flooring made of layers of steam, heat and waterproofing, gravel and an outer layer - for example, paving slabs. This covering is installed on flat slopes.

A flat roof can be:

1. Unexploited. The cheapest type due to its resistance to stress.
2. Exploited. The most popular type. On such roofs you can install cafes, parking lots, etc.
3. Traditional. Such a roof is covered with a thermal insulation layer.
4. Inversion. The roof is quite complex to install and reconstruct: the insulation is mounted on a layer of waterproofing, and geotextiles and drainage protect the insulation from external influences. Then the paving slabs are laid.

Roll roofing

In the photo - polymer-bitumen roofing for the roof of a building

This multi-layer, durable coating has long been popular. This type of roofing is divided into several types:

Polymer-bitumen. It contains polypropylene and styrene-butadiene-styrene. The advantages include:

• UV and chemical resistance;
• service life up to 20 years.

Folded. This type of roofing consists of galvanized metal. Pros:

• 100% tight;
• Possibility of installation on a roof of any shape;
• silent installation.

Polymer. It is based on rubber and petroleum polymer resins. Advantages:

• service life more than 20 years;
• Possibility of installation on steep slopes.

Bituminous. Made from oxidized bitumen.

Flexible tiles. This coating is a flat sheet based on fiberglass. Pros:

• service life more than 50 years;
• variety of shapes and colors.

Roofing for pitched roof

For pitched roofs, all types of roofing coverings are used: metal sheets, corrugated sheets, almost all types of tiles.

Photo of a roof with cement-sand tiles - the most durable tiles in existence

The best roofs for pitched roofs are:

• ondulin – easy to install;
• bitumen shingles are a cheap and durable material;
• cement-sand tiles are the leader in service life and reliability;
• metal tiles are a material with several types of shapes and dozens of colors.

Roofing for flat roof

Roofing materials used for flat roofs are distinguished by their reliability, ease of installation and maintenance, non-flammability and other qualities. The components of such a roof depend on its type:

• traditional (soft) consists of a load-bearing slab, heat and vapor barrier (usually mineral wool), a waterproofing layer made of bitumen-containing materials;
• the used one is distinguished by a rigid base (for example, concrete screed or corrugated sheet) and high-strength insulation.

Unused flat roof - appearance

Video

From the video you will learn how to choose the most economical roofing for the roof of a private house - real experience from an expert.

The construction market does not stand still. Constantly developing and including cutting-edge materials in its assortment, it offers the consumer various types of roofing for use on any buildings: from industrial high-rises to small country houses.

All types of roofing

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Piece roofing materials

If rolled materials are in most cases used for constructing flat or flat roofs of industrial and multi-story buildings, then piece materials are the best option for individual houses and cottages. Moreover, their range is large: from traditional clay tiles and asbestos-cement slate to ultra-modern metal tiles.

Piece coatings can be made from various materials:

• mineral (asbestos-cement sheets, slate tiles, tiles),
• wooden (tips, shingles, shingles, shavings),
• metal (steel, aluminum, copper sheets),
• organic (soft tiles).

Piece materials made of wood

Wood roofing is most often found in northern forest areas as it fits most organically into the local landscape. Types of roofing materials made of wood:

Shreds are thin plates 1 m long, 90-150 mm wide and 4-8 mm thick. They are made by sawing logs into logs 1 m long, and logs into 4 equal parts (along the radius). The core of each quarter is discarded. Dranitsa are split off from quarters along the core rays. The surface of the shingles has natural ridges that promote better water drainage.

Shingles are wedge-shaped planks in cross section. Dimensions of shingle boards: length - 500, 600, 700 mm, width - 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 mm. Shingles are produced primarily on special machines.

Wood shavings are the cheapest roofing material produced on planing machines.

For roofing work, standard boards (boards) with a thickness of 160-220 mm are also used. The length of the boards must be no less than the length of the slope.

Wood roofing materials are made mainly from coniferous wood (pine, fir, spruce, larch).

II. Metal sheets

The traditional material for metal roofing is galvanized steel. Regular sheet steel is susceptible to corrosion, making it unreliable as a roofing material. Galvanized steel is sheet steel coated on both sides with a layer of zinc no less than 0.02 mm thick. Galvanized roofing steel sheets are rectangular in shape. Their surface should be smooth, clean, without zinc deposits, but with a clear crystallization pattern of the zinc coating.

For roofing work, steel sheets with a thickness of 0.45, 0.5 or 0.55 mm are used for slopes and 0.63 or 0.7 mm for eaves and gable overhangs, gutters and parts of drainpipes. The length of steel sheets is from 0.7 m to 2 m, width - from 0.5 m to 0.75 m.

In addition to sheets of galvanized steel, galvanized or aluminum corrugated sheets (corrugated sheets), sheets of non-ferrous metals (for example, copper) and titanium zinc (D-zinc) are used for roofing work.

As for the latter roofing material, D-zinc is zinc alloyed with titanium, copper and aluminum. This is an environmentally friendly material characterized by high corrosion resistance. It was known at the beginning of the century. Titanzinc is 5 times cheaper than roofing made of non-ferrous metals. It is available in sheets of 5 and 7 mm thickness. Service life - 75 years.

To increase the lifespan of a metal roof and to protect it from corrosion, special anti-corrosion primers are used.

III. Slate

Slate is classified as natural or natural slate. This is a natural material with the following advantages: strength, waterproofness, frost resistance, fire resistance and durability. Its disadvantage is fragility upon impact and relatively large weight. Slate has a layered structure, so it easily splits into thin plates. The slate slats themselves are easy to saw and drill, making them a very convenient material for roofing work. Slate blades have a rectangular or diamond shape. Dimensions of plates: length 250-600 mm, width 150-350 mm, thickness 4-9 mm. The drain edges of the slate plates may be uncut.

Actually, artificial stone sheets are called slate. Until now, the most popular slate is of asbestos-cement origin.

Asbestos-cement slate comes in the following types:

• flat tiles, which, depending on their purpose, are divided into row tiles (for covering roof slopes), edge tiles (for covering eaves overhangs) and frieze tiles (for laying out pediment and cornice rows). For covered ridges and ribs, there are grooved ridges of a special configuration. Flat slate does not exceed the size of 600x400 mm. Due to its appearance, it is also called “scales”. Flat slate is used not only for roofing, but sometimes also for decorative finishing of the external walls of a wooden house. Moreover, in this case, the slate simultaneously performs a protective function and extends the service life of the building.
• wavy slate of an ordinary profile (VO) differs from flat slate in its larger size and wavy cross-section, which increases the strength of the sheet. VO sheets have a regular rectangular shape. Dimensions of each sheet: 1200×680 mm. In addition to ordinary VO roofing sheets, parts are produced for roofing at the intersection of slopes (to cover valleys, valleys, ridges and ribs) and at the intersection of the roof with chimneys, dormer windows and other parts protruding above the roof.
• Reinforced profile corrugated slate (RP) is intended for roofing of industrial buildings. It differs from VO only in its longer length, amounting to 2.3 m and even 2.8 m.
• wavy slate of a unified profile (UV) has recently eclipsed VO sheets in terms of its mass production, since its dimensions are not as large as those of UL sheets, but still exceed small-sized VO sheets. As a result, there are 2 times fewer joints. The most popular size of CF sheet for low-rise construction is 1750×1125 mm.

Not so long ago, asbestos-cement sheets had either a featureless gray tint, or, at best, could be painted red or green. The spectacle is not the most inspiring! Today we have learned to produce slate in a wide range of colors: red-brown, chocolate, brick-red, yellow (ochre), blue, etc. Moreover, the paint that is used to cover the finished sheets not only does not harm them, but also forms a protective layer, protecting the slate from destruction and reducing the amount of asbestos released into the surrounding air. The paint produces a semi-matte or semi-gloss finish.

Non-asbestos, or cement-fiber slate, reinforced with cellulose, polyacrylics or short flax fibers, is a modern version of traditional slate. It is in no way inferior to asbestos-cement sheets. Moreover, environmentally friendly non-asbestos slate was created as a worthy replacement for environmentally unsafe asbestos slate.

IV. Roof tiles

When you hear the word “tile,” images of small, neat “gingerbread” houses with red-brown roofs against the backdrop of a blue sky and sandy-yellow roads immediately come to mind. Idyll! Indeed, tiled roofing is associated with comfort and life satisfaction. And if we add that tile roofing is unpretentious: it lasts for more than 100 years and does not require special care, then tile begins to be perceived not only as one of the most beautiful roofing materials, but also as very practical. However, until the moment when the house becomes “gingerbread”, you will have to work hard: installing a tiled roof is a labor-intensive task and is still not mechanized. And such a roof weighs a lot and requires a thoroughly reinforced supporting structure.

Due to great demand, there is a huge variety of types of tiles. According to the production method, strip tiles and stamped tiles are distinguished; in shape: flat, grooved, grooved and wavy; by source materials: clay, cement-sand, soft (fiberglass) and metal tiles, by purpose: ordinary, ridge, half, bell-shaped (for installing hips), side and others. In addition to the classic shades (red, brown, black and stone gray), tiles can be blue, dark green, pistachio, dark blue.

Clay tiles are made from clay mass followed by firing. Normally, it should have the correct shape with a smooth surface and even edges. When lightly struck with a steel hammer, the tiles should produce a clear, non-rattled sound. Clay tiles come in flat, groove and ridge tiles.

Cement-sand (or Frankfurt) tiles are produced in groove and ridge shapes from cement and sifted and then washed gully sand. It must also have the correct shape and smooth surface. The thickness of the tiles is 10 mm. Cement-sand tiles are inert to any biological influences: they are waterproof, fire-resistant, frost-resistant, heat-resistant, and so on and so forth. At the same time, modern tiles are distinguished by a high degree of environmental friendliness.

The tiles can be painted throughout the entire thickness or only on the surface. The paints used to make colored tiles do not affect their strength. They themselves are also weather resistant.

Soft tiles (or soft roofing tiles) are based on fiberglass impregnated with asphalt mass and do not rot. The tiles are covered on top with a hard layer of stone or mineral chips of various colors, and on the bottom with a special bitumen layer protected with plastic film. As the roofing work progresses, the polyethylene film is removed - and the tiles, under the influence of solar heat, are glued to the base of the roof, forming a continuous roofing covering.

Another version of soft tiles is completely impregnated with bitumen and is attached to the base with ordinary nails. In both cases, soft tiles are attached to the wooden roof sheathing (preferably to plywood with a thickness of at least 15 mm). Soft tiles are made in the form of strips of 3-4 tiles of rectangular, triangular, oval or figured shape. Strip dimensions: 1×0.3 m. Soft tiles weigh 4 times less than regular tiles and are used on roofs with a slope of at least 1:3. Service life - 25 years.

Metal tiles, like soft tiles, are not individual tiles, but sheets that imitate the pattern of perfectly laid tiles. This saves labor costs and reduces the number of joints by increasing the size of roofing materials. Metal tile sheets are made from galvanized steel or aluminum, which is less susceptible to precipitation. The metal on both sides is covered with several layers of protective colored plastic with a thickness of 27 to 50 microns. Technical characteristics of plastic may vary (depending on the brand of metal tile). Typically, plastic tolerates UV rays well, so roofing made from this material does not fade in the sun. Metal tiles retain their properties at temperatures from - 50°C to 120°C. The length of metal tile sheets varies from 40 cm to 8 m, width - about 1 m, thickness - about 0.5 mm. A metal tile roof weighs 6 times less than a clay roof. Sheets are laid on a roof with a slope of at least 10° and never on a flat roof!

Sheets of metal tiles are mounted on a waterproofing coating and attached to the sheathing with special corrosion-resistant self-tapping screws without pre-drilling holes. The sheets are laid overlapping. Metal tiles can also be installed on top of old wood roofs.

The service life of metal tiles - 30-50 years - is calculated rather arbitrarily due to the youth of the roofing material.

Roofing materials: modern types of roof coverings

The progress of science and technology constantly generates new materials for construction. New roofing materials are also appearing. The durability and safety of the entire building largely depends on the type and quality of the roof covering. That is why it is so important to take the choice of this building material responsibly.

Main types of roof coverings

To cover the roofs of modern buildings, a variety of building materials are used: hard and soft, profile and flat, piece and roll. All of them are widely used in the construction of urban buildings, country houses and utility buildings. But in order to make the right choice regarding a specific type of building, it is necessary to carefully study the properties of each roofing material.

The following types of building materials for roofing can be distinguished::

• tiles (various types);
• asbestos-cement materials;
• metal profiled sheets;
• sheet metal;
• membrane roofing;
• roofing felt;
• seamed metal sheets.

Each of them has both its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, when choosing a certain type of roofing, you should rely on several important parameters and properties of the coating.

Selection of modern roofing material

The service life of the building directly depends on the choice of modern covering for the house. Experts recommend not to save money and opt for high-quality and durable material. Before you buy a coating, you need to familiarize yourself with a number of its most important parameters.:

And yet, one of the main parameters of a roof is its durability.. To understand such a concept as “service life”, it is necessary to analyze the average service life of the most common roofing materials:

• slate will last, according to manufacturers, about 10 years;
• metal tiles will last about 15 years, it all depends on the quality of the coating;
• ondulin is guaranteed to last 15 years;
• The lifespan of soft tiles is no more than 20 years;
• ordinary tiles can last up to 30 years;
• slate roofs last about 40 years;
• metal roofs made of copper and its alloys are practically eternal, however, the price is extremely high.

These time frames are approximate, and, depending on compliance with operating rules, the time frame may be longer or vice versa.

Main types and advantages of tiles

Tile is considered the most popular roofing material. It not only has a long service life, but also an aesthetic appearance. Therefore, this roofing material is chosen for both private housing construction and industrial construction.

Main types of tiles:

There are various options when choosing tiles that will satisfy any consumer. This type of roofing is worthy of attention.

Characteristics and advantages of slate

Asbestos-cement roofing products have gained wide popularity in Russia. In terms of external parameters, it can be either a smooth rectangle or classic slate. Made from cement and asbestos fibers. Quite light material. It exerts a pressure on the roof of only 15 kg/m2. The standard size is 120x70 cm, has six waves 2.8 centimeters high. The slate is laid with an overlap. Special slate nails are used for fastening. Before laying slate, it is necessary to lay waterproofing. Slate, due to its relative cheapness, still remains the most popular roof covering in our country.

The advantages of slate include: low cost, ease of cutting, relatively high strength. The disadvantages include: fragility, environmental hazards, unaesthetic appearance and the formation of fungi on the surface during a long period of use.

Basic qualities of corrugated sheets

Corrugated sheeting has earned great popularity due to its various shapes and wide range of colors. Today, three types of profiled sheets are produced: sinus-shaped, rounded and trapezoidal. It is widely used on rafter roofs with a slope of 10 degrees.

The corrugated sheeting is laid with an overlap, using special self-tapping screws with a rubber washer, which ensures the tightness of the hole. It has a very high price-quality ratio. Widely used in industrial facilities. This type of coating is accessible and easy to install.

Seam-shaped steel roofing

Steel roofing can be found less and less today, but this building material is also used in the construction of buildings for a wide range of purposes. Seam sheets are made of metal with a polymer coating.

Fastening to the sheathing is done using clamps. The sheets are connected to each other using the electromechanical method. For this purpose, there are hooks along the edges of the sheets. The minimum slope for folds is 20 degrees. When laying metal it is necessary to carry out additional thermal insulation.

Other types of roof coverings

Depending on the type of construction and the wishes of the developer himself, various roofing materials are used. There are a number of practical and at the same time inexpensive types of roof coverings that are not so widely used in our country, but still occupy a worthy place in the construction market:

Whatever roofing materials are used to create the perfect roof, they should always perform the intended purpose.

Types of roofing materials for roofs

The choice of roofing material is an issue that should be decided at the stage of creating a building project. In this case, you need to take into account all factors, starting from the design of the house, ending with the strength of the wind in the region and the amount of snow falling in winter.
Modern manufacturers offer a huge selection of coverings for various roofs, from city mansions to outbuildings on a summer cottage.

Sheet roofing

This includes metal tiles, corrugated roofing, ondulin, slate, seam roofing.

Metal tiles

The metal tile is based on a cold-rolled steel sheet with several layers of protective coating. In appearance, the coating resembles ceramic tiles. It is mounted on the sheathing with self-tapping screws with the obligatory use of rubber gaskets. Given the light weight of the sheets, installation can be done alone.

This type of roofing is convenient for transportation, and its low price makes it accessible to a wide range of consumers.

The disadvantages are the low level of sound insulation and the high percentage of waste.

They are used both in industrial construction and in the construction of roofs of private houses and garages. Used to create false roofs when framing flat roofs.

Corrugated sheet

A cheaper analogue is roofing corrugated sheeting. The sheets have waves of various heights and geometries and are characterized by high bending strength. It also applies to noisy roofs and requires additional sound insulation. Corrugated sheeting is often used for roofs of outbuildings, shops, and car washes.

Ondulin

Ondulin is an organic material made from cellulose fiber impregnated with bitumen with the addition of polymers. Lightweight, environmentally friendly coating has very high water resistance. When properly installed, it can withstand loads of up to 960 kg. per square meter. The disadvantage is the low fire safety class. This material is used for covering garages, sheds, and bathhouses. Due to its good flexibility, it is ideal for complex roofing.

Slate

Slate is now used more for the construction of outbuildings, less often for country houses. The material is cheap, quite durable, with good sound insulation. Its main disadvantage is the asbestos contained in it, which is unsafe for human health. In addition, when used in a humid environment, slate quickly fades and moss forms on the surface.

Seam roofing

Seam roofing is made of rolled metal along the entire length of the slope. Its name comes from the folded joint that secures the covering into one piece. The work is carried out by professional roofers using special tools. The result is a lightweight, durable roof that has an attractive appearance. Due to the flexibility of the metal, seam roofing is used in the construction of complex roofs. The disadvantages are high noise and the need for additional insulation.

In the manufacture of seam roofing, in addition to steel, copper and aluminum can be used. The coating is beautiful and very durable. The only negative is the high cost of the material.

Soft roof

Its varieties are flexible tiles, rolled fused roofing, and membrane roofing.
All of them are characterized by good flexibility and strength, which allows them to be used in the construction of roofs of any shape. Mounted on a rigid base made of plywood, OSB, concrete or other building material with a flat surface.

Flexible tiles

Flexible tiles are made from fiberglass impregnated with bitumen. To add color and protect from sunlight, stone chips are applied on top. When laying it, it is very important not to deviate from technology. The service life of the roof depends on a properly prepared base, waterproofing, and temperature conditions.

Roll fused roofing

Roll fused roofing is similar in composition to flexible tiles. During installation, it is fixed using a heated bitumen base. The price of the roof is low. It is well suited for the construction of flat roofs of houses.

Membrane roofing

Flat membrane roofing is often used on flat roofs. The membranes are made from PVC, EPDM, TPO and create a durable, water-resistant coating.

Piece roofing materials

These include various types of tiles and slate tiles. All of them are made from natural raw materials and have a very long service life.

Ceramic tiles

Ceramic tiles are popular due to their aesthetic properties. But due to the large weight of the roof, it is necessary to pay attention to strengthening the rafter structures. In addition, the disadvantages include labor-intensive installation and the high cost of tiles.

Sand-cement tiles

A cheaper alternative is sand-cement tiles. It is made without firing by pressing raw materials. To add color, dyes are added, and the surface is often covered with glaze.

Slate coating

Slate coating is considered elite. Roofs made from this natural material can last up to 200 years. This is confirmed by ancient castles and palaces that have preserved their original appearance to this day. But in modern construction, such a roof is not often constructed due to the high cost of the material and the need to perform it by professional craftsmen.

Self-leveling roofing

It is made on the basis of oligomers and is supplied in liquid form. When applied to a base made of metal, concrete or bitumen, it hardens in air and forms an elastic film.

This waterproof coating can last up to 15 years. The only drawback is the different layer thicknesses in the finished coating. Self-leveling roofing is usually used in the manufacture of flat roofs.

Now, having familiarized yourself with the properties of various roofing materials, you can take into account your capabilities and needs, and choose the right coating for your home.

The use of modern materials is an integral requirement of our world. Today's generation takes possession of new products very quickly and forgets about them at the same speed. The construction industry has to keep up with the times in order to meet this rhythm. The emergence of new materials indicates the need to test them in practice, because this is a new product and if you want to stand out, you have to take risks. Although this rule applies in fashion, it does not work here in construction. Most developers try to ignore modern roofing materials and only a few use them. In this article I will tell you which modern construction products have already passed the test of time and practice.

Introduction

Choosing roofing materials is a crucial step for any developer. Not only the service life of the coating itself, but also the entire rafter system will depend on their quality. Today on the construction market you can find a colossal number of different products that differ from each other not only in shape, weight and material, but also in color, protective components, and operating requirements.

When purchasing roofing coverings, it is very important to ensure that you do not purchase low-quality products. For example, when developers want to save money, they try to purchase the same roofing material from hand; most often it can be found at large construction sites where there is some turnover of material. This practice has already become familiar to everyone, so no one is surprised for a long time. But if you have ever done the same, do you understand what prevents a “black” seller from replacing this product with a fake and selling it to you for decent money? That's right, nothing. By purchasing materials in specialized stores, you receive a quality guarantee from the manufacturer, therefore, the purchased product will already serve you for the minimum amount of time indicated in the service life.

Modern materials include many products, including those that were produced quite a long time ago, but have not yet lost their popularity. Among metal coatings, modern metal tiles and corrugated sheets can be distinguished; as for soft ones, the leaders here are modified roofing felt, polymer membranes, bitumen shingles and ondulin. Now, let's look at modern roofing materials for the roof in more detail.

Metal tiles

This coating is an imitation of natural tiles. It is worth immediately noting that such products are very popular among middle-class consumers. It is quite durable due to its protective layer and the raw materials used in production, attractive, easy and simple to install. All installation work can be done independently, but for productive and quick work you can invite several partners. The advantages of this coating include the fact that it does not require special care, and its service life is more than 30 years.

As for the disadvantages, we can highlight low sound insulation and high thermal conductivity. If you know even a little about construction, you immediately realized that additional expenses will be required in connection with the purchase of thick thermal insulation boards in order to eliminate these shortcomings. Condensation is the enemy of all metal coatings, so you can’t do without it here. To solve the problem with the formation of condensation, you will have to take care of creating high-quality natural ventilation so that moisture leaves the roofing pie. In addition to these points, I would like to highlight one more. When installing metal tiles, its surface is often scratched and such places soon begin to rust. If you do not want to encounter such a problem, then when purchasing, pay attention to the protective layer of the metal; it should be covered with natural granulate. Thanks to this layer, the sound-proofing, heat-insulating and protective qualities of the material increase.

Sheets of metal tiles have quite a lot of rigidity, so you can create a thin sheathing of lumber as a base. Here you can use a board or timber treated with protective solutions. As for their pitch, most developers take a distance equal to the waves of the material. In mandatory cases, an underlay carpet must be laid on the sheathing, which will serve as additional waterproofing.

The sheets are fastened to the base using special self-tapping screws with a rubber lining. During subsequent operation, they may burst, so during preventive inspections of the surface, you need to check each fastener element for their presence. Otherwise, after a while, in strong winds, the roof will begin to make a knocking sound, which can negatively affect not only the roofing materials, but also your nervous system.

The laying itself begins from left to right, and not vice versa. This is due to the ease of guiding the edge of the sheet into the lock; in addition, they become invisible. The fasteners should be screwed in under the crest of the wave, in this way premature rust can be avoided, since water, even in heavy rain, will not get into this area. If your region of residence receives a very large amount of precipitation, then such places can be additionally treated with mastic.

IMPORTANT: During all installation work, try not to remove the protective film from the surface of the sheet. This will allow you to finish the job without damaging the material itself.

Profiled metal sheets

If such a long name confuses you, then this coating can be called for short: corrugated sheeting. It represents new roofing materials for the roof, but can be used in different areas of construction. At its core, this is a universal product. It can be found when laying fences, creating permanent formwork, or even as an interfloor ceiling on a frame house.

These metal coatings are distinguished by their durability, it is about 20-30 years, and weighing 11-15 kilograms. In addition, there is a protective layer on the surface, which can be renewed if desired. Installation work is not associated with difficulties and is carried out easily, and most importantly, quickly.

Corrugated sheeting is made of galvanized steel on a rolling machine with embossing, thanks to which the sheet takes a certain shape. Among the disadvantages you can see the same problems of metal coatings: high thermal conductivity, low sound insulation, condensation accumulation. In addition, it is very important to accept the fact that such a surface quickly collects static electricity, so a lightning rod is required here.

This coating is somewhat similar to metal tiles. To lay it, the same lumber is used with a pitch equal to the waves of the sheet. Vapor barrier and waterproofing layers in the roofing pie are mandatory, since a large accumulation of condensate will quickly damage the thermal insulation and you will need to carry out expensive repairs.

The installation process starts from any edge of the roof and moves upward. After installing the first sheet, the next one is laid on it with an overlap in one wave. The next row of sheets opens from the same side, and the vertical overlap should be at least 20 centimeters. Self-tapping screws with seals are used as fasteners. By the way, you can find different colors on sale and choose them to match your roof.

Modified roofing felt

New roofing materials do not always have an unknown appearance. Relatively recently, the composition of the usual bitumen roll product was changed, as a result of which it became much more durable and immediately rose to the level of decent coverage in the eyes of consumers. In addition, the properties of the material itself allow it to be used even in the most unfavorable corners of Russia. It is not afraid of moisture, now it can be laid at any time of the year, and is absolutely resistant to the effects of the sun and microorganisms. Today, such roofing material can lie on the roof for about 30 years and require a minimum of attention.

Of course, there are fewer downsides to this type of coverage, but they still exist. This coating is laid using the same fused method. Such work can be classified as unsafe and requires special care when working with a gas burner. In addition, to create a high-quality surface, you will have to purchase two types of roofing material: lining and protective. The mass of the material is quite high, so delivering it to the roof is quite problematic.

The lower layers of roofing material are called lining. They are thinner, quicker to install, and there is no protective coating on their surface. Thanks to these layers, the base is reliably protected from moisture. The upper layers have a significant difference. They are made from more durable materials, and their upper part is sprinkled with mineral powder, which protects the material from the harmful effects of the sun and mechanical damage. During installation, it is very important to ensure that this layer is not damaged, and if this happens, it must be resolved promptly. The damaged area is covered with the sprinkler, which should come complete with roofing felt.

Polymer membranes

This type of coating definitely represents new roofing materials. Their use is still limited, but many developers are already saying that such a product will become more popular than the roofing felt itself. Today, membranes are already used in almost the entire construction industry. They are laid as a vapor barrier layer or where high-quality waterproofing is needed. All types of membranes can be laid in any weather, even in severe frosts. They are not afraid of sudden temperature changes and can lie on the roof for about 50 years.

Membranes are produced on different bases, and therefore the product is named accordingly. To date, only three varieties are known:

These products can be mounted on the crown of the roof in the following ways:

• Ballast. The ballast fastening method turns the membrane into a kind of waterproofing layer. The maximum roof slope should be 10 degrees. The method itself is very simple, because for fastening you will need ordinary bulk material, most often gravel is used.
• Mechanical. If the first fastening method is not very common, then this one is used much more often. It consists of fixing the membrane along the edges of the roof using fasteners. In cases where the roofing base is made of wood, a self-tapping screw with a plastic sleeve can be used as fasteners; for more rigid materials, for example, concrete, a dowel-nail would be the best solution. The membrane strips themselves are soldered together using special equipment that supplies hot air. Immediately after soldering, it is very important to go over it with a roller in order to increase adhesion.
• For glue. There is not much to say here, you are all familiar with the function of glue. The edges of the canvases are coated with special glue. A properly selected adhesive composition will ensure reliable joining of the material to the base for many years.

As I already said, many developers still do not have much confidence in polymer membranes, but on behalf of an experienced roofer, I assure you that this material is worth the money.

Bituminous shingles

The bitumen skull itself cannot be classified as a modern material, since it appeared a long time ago, but I want to talk about its varieties. Shinglas and katepal are new soft materials for roofing.

Shinglas is produced in America, and its sheets are rectangular in shape, thanks to which the roof surface takes on the appearance of brickwork. As for katepal, the country of origin is Finland. The shingles of these asphalt shingles are hexagonal, and the completed roof resembles a honeycomb. In their composition, both varieties are similar to roofing felt. They contain rubber and bitumen, which are enveloped in fiberglass, and sprinkled with mineral chips as a protective layer.

The advantages include low flammability, very low thermal conductivity and good sound insulation. In addition, due to the mineral coating, the surface of the material is not subject to the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays and withstands mechanical damage. During the installation process, you will hardly notice any waste, and the work itself will be easy and quick.

IMPORTANT: If you plan to lay bitumen shingles quickly and beautifully, then you should first mark the base. A tapping cord is best suited for marking.

There are quite a few disadvantages of soft tiles, but they still exist. As a base, you will have to create a continuous sheathing, and lay the lining carpet on it. In addition, additional layers of vapor barrier and waterproofing materials will be essential. Purchasing more materials will increase the cost of the entire roof by about one and a half times.

The continuous sheathing must be absolutely flat, otherwise deformation of the roofing material will occur. An underlay carpet is laid to level the surface and provide additional waterproofing. When installing bitumen shingles, do not forget about the ventilation ducts; thanks to them, moisture will leave the roofing pie, and the lumber will remain intact.

Ondulin

Despite the fact that this roofing product was released quite a long time ago, it continues to be popular with private developers. Perhaps it is due to the fact that for a long period people used asbestos wave slate, which has very similar features to ondulin. By the way, the similarity ends there, since modern material is made from modified bitumen, and the base includes natural cellulose. In order to give the material some shade, different pigments are added to it.

The advantages include the following:

• Ease
• Waterproof
• Long-term operation
• Easy to install
• Relative cheapness

Due to its low weight and size, the material can be laid independently, without outside help. In addition, such a product is often laid on top of the old slate covering. The service life of the material is practically independent of weather conditions and, with proper installation, can reach about 50 years. Among the disadvantages is the fact that such material can only be installed on small buildings.

The fastening technology depends on the roof slope. If the surface is at a slope of 5 to 10 degrees, then a continuous sheathing is created as the base. The sheets themselves overlap, which should be at least 30 centimeters vertically and 20 centimeters horizontally. In cases where the slope falls within the range of 10-15 degrees, the overlap will be somewhat smaller and in this case is 200 millimeters on top, and one wave on the sides.

On moderately sloped roofs, where the slope is more than 15 degrees, thin sheathing is installed with a maximum pitch of 60 centimeters. It is worth noting that sheets can be divided either with a hand tool such as a hacksaw or with an electric one. The usual fasteners are used as fastening elements: nails with a flat head. Their average consumption is 20 pieces per sheet.

A huge range of roofing materials for the roof of a country house often creates problems for inexperienced developers. They do not fully understand what factors to focus on and what affects the performance of materials. The roof performs not only a protective function, its significance is much broader. Mistakes during selection can create significant problems in the future.

The parameters of the rafter system have a significant impact on the choice of roofing; there are several factors that must be taken into account; this is the only way to guarantee a high-quality and durable roofing for the house.

Flat roofs

The angle of inclination of the slopes is no more than 12°. Such roofs are used during the construction of large country cottages; they can be used or ordinary.

On the exploited flat roofs there are winter gardens, areas for active recreation or walking.

There are options for arranging car parks on flat roofs. To create usable flat roofs, you should buy the most durable and reliable roll coverings or mastics. Currently it is a polyester-based euroroofing material.

This material has the highest strength indicators and a service life of at least fifty years. Modified bitumen is used as waterproofing, which does not lose its plasticity at low temperatures. On polyester roofs you can install heavy structures, make durable reinforced concrete screeds, etc.

The second material for sealing flat roofs is liquid mastics. There is a wide choice in sales; in terms of their technical characteristics, mastics fully meet existing requirements.

Pitched roofs

The number of slopes is from one to 5–8, it all depends on the complexity of the rafter system and the architectural features of the structure. On pitched roofs, you can use any type of roofing materials: soft and hard, rolled and piece, profiled and flat, modern and traditional.

Each type has its own characteristics and is selected taking into account operating conditions, the selected design project and the financial capabilities of the consumer. The cost of some types of roofing can be very significant, and most developers cannot afford them.

General characteristics of roofing materials

Regardless of the specific features and technical characteristics, all roofing materials have common evaluation criteria.

1. Maximum total loads. They must withstand snow cover, gusts of wind, and the weight of builders.
2. Operating parameters. These include durability, ease of installation and maintenance, and original design solutions.
3. Price. You should take into account not only the price of the material itself, but also additional elements, special units of the rafter system, requirements for sheathing, and other conditions. In addition, the complexity of the installation has a significant impact; the amount of remuneration for roofers depends on it.

Due to the fact that the roof is constantly exposed to numerous negative factors, it must be resistant to mechanical loads, deformations, severe exposure to ultraviolet rays, and large temperature changes. At the same time, maintain the tightness and presentable appearance of the roof for a long period of time, do not require much time for maintenance, and be repairable and replaceable.

Important factors are the durability and maintainability of the roof

What are the most popular types of roofing for a home?

There is no clear and universal advice on choosing the type of roof; each of them has its own strengths and weaknesses; many factors should be taken into account when choosing. Moreover, not all of them are objective, caused by the operating conditions of the building. Many are purely subjective; outside advisers cannot influence the choice; the final decision is made only by the consumer, taking into account his personal preferences.

Metal tiles

Today, the most used material for roofing buildings for various purposes. It is made from thin sheet metal and has several layers of corrosion protection. A profile with interchangeable dimensions is formed using special equipment. The outer coating is especially durable polymer paints of various colors. The warranty is 5–15 years, in practice it is used for up to 30 years. It can have a glossy or matte front surface; glossy ones retain less dust.

Disadvantages - on complex roofs the amount of waste increases to 15%. There is a high probability of purchasing low-quality coatings due to the difficulty of checking quality by consumers. It is impossible to independently determine the thickness and uniformity of the zinc layer; it is also difficult to determine painting parameters. Another problem is that fire codes require lightning rods to be installed on all metal roofs, which complicates roof installation.

Prices for metal tiles

Metal tiles

Bituminous (flexible) tiles

It ranks second in popularity after metal coatings. It is made of durable bitumen roofing felt on a polymer base. The waterproofing layer is artificial bitumen modified with innovative additives; new manufacturing technologies increase the plasticity of the material even at low temperatures, increase mechanical strength and resistance to sunlight.

The plasticity of the base and bitumen allows you to easily compensate for minor temperature fluctuations in roof elements. The top layer is covered with stone chips - the appearance improves, resistance to various damage increases, and service life increases.

The roof slope angle must be at least 12°; the material can be used on roofs of complex geometry. Excellent technological characteristics minimize the amount of unproductive waste (no more than 5%).

Disadvantages - susceptibility to UV rays; over time, mold and moss appear on the surface, which significantly worsens the appearance of the roof. Due to the fact that the installation technology requires continuous sheathing and does not provide for natural ventilation, during the construction of the rafter system it is necessary to use the most expensive waterproof OSB board, which almost doubles the estimated cost of the roof.

Prices for various types and manufacturers of flexible tiles

Composite polymer sand tiles

A rather complex roofing material from a technological point of view, it is made from sand (up to 70%), polymers (up to 25%) and dyes (up to 5%). Resistant to the negative influences of external factors, able to withstand significant mechanical loads. Weight up to 21 kg, service life up to 50 years, warranty up to 15 years.

The material is not afraid of static and dynamic loads. These indicators significantly exceed those of natural ceramic tiles. It has low thermal conductivity, which reduces the volume of condensate during temperature fluctuations. The absence of pores increases resistance to freezing/thawing; some types can withstand up to 200 cycles.

Disadvantages - high cost, difficulty of installation, coating is moderately flammable. The main problem is unscrupulous manufacturers. Such companies use recycled polymer, which is obtained after recycling waste. Recycled plastic is significantly inferior in quality to primary plastic; accordingly, the actual performance characteristics of polymer tiles do not meet the declared ones.

Cement tiles

Piece roofing is made from a cement-sand mixture. Various dyes are added to improve the appearance.

Cement tiles are heavy, which requires special preparation of the rafter system. This is the only roofing material that increases strength over time. Cement mortar reaches its maximum physical strength after a hundred years.

The roof is durable and withstands loads well, including impact loads. Withstands approximately 50 freeze/thaw cycles and is not afraid of sunlight. Made from quartz sand and cement. Mineral dyes are added to change the color.

Disadvantages: installation is difficult; highly qualified roofers are required.

Over time, moss and mold appear on the surface. When purchasing, you should carefully check the uniformity of dimensions; the slightest violation of technology or production on obsolete equipment causes deviations from the geometry. Cement is afraid of acidic environments; therefore, the use of cement tiles for covering houses located in large industrial cities is strictly not recommended.

One of the most expensive and difficult to install roofing coverings. Piece material, only the most experienced roofers are allowed for installation. Made from natural clay by pressing and firing. The technology is complex and expensive, requiring a large amount of special industrial equipment and the proximity of a quarry with clay suitable for analysis. The service life is 70 years, but there are many examples of ancient buildings with preserved roof coverings.

Natural tiles are considered an exclusive material, used on prestigious buildings or during the reconstruction of historical buildings. Can be repaired; replacing tiles that have failed for various reasons does not present much difficulty.

The main disadvantage is the high cost. The price is artificially high; the production of the material does not require such large financial investments. The complexity of installation increases the cost of the rafter system by approximately 10–15%; the roof can only be mounted on slopes with a large angle of inclination.

Another drawback is that even minor violations of the installation technology will certainly make themselves felt during the operation of the building. It is difficult to check the quality immediately after completion of the work; you need to lean on the roof.

Comparative table of characteristics of different types of tiles

Parameter
Average weight kg/m	4–6	8–11	8–9	45–55	45–55
Noisiness	High	Low	Average	Low	Low
Resistance to open fire	Non-flammable	Supports open combustion	Non-flammable	Non-flammable	Non-flammable
Warranty period from the manufacturer	15–20	25–30	45–50	35–40	60–80
Average cost, rub.	850–950	1050–1250	1250–1500	1150–1300	1600–1800
Approximate wages for roofers, rub.	300–400	400–600	300–500	500–650	600–800
Approximate roof estimate, rub.	1150–1350	1400–1850	1550–2100	1650–1950	2200–2600

Profiled sheets are just as popular as metal tiles.

Prices for different types of tiles

Roof tiles

Technical characteristics of profiled sheets

Technical parameters differ slightly from metal tiles, service life is 15–20 years. The cost is slightly lower than metal tiles, which makes it the cheapest modern roofing material, except for bitumen and slate. But bitumen coatings are very rarely used on pitched roofs of houses. The corrugated sheet has different thickness and profile parameters, the color is classified according to international standards.

Corrugated sheeting as a roofing covering

Disadvantages - the appearance does not meet modern requirements. This drawback is temporary; nowadays manufacturers have learned to make very beautiful profiles with simple geometry. Another problem is high sound conductivity, but this only appears in cases where the attic space is residential. A lot of noise occurs during heavy rain or hail; such precipitation occurs infrequently in most regions of our country; the noise does not cause much inconvenience.

It is made on the basis of cellulose fabric, modified bitumen is used as waterproofing, the color is changed by pigments. It has the appearance of wave slate.

The warranty is 5–10 years depending on the type and manufacturer, but in practice it can last more than 20 years. Resistant to hail impacts, can bend and take the shape of the rafter system. Special coatings inhibit the development of fungi and mold on the surface and do not impair the initial performance characteristics in the temperature range from -40°C to +80°C. Frost resistance of at least 25 cycles, not afraid of chemical compounds. In terms of price, it falls into the category of budget roofing coverings.

Ondulin - budget roofing covering

Disadvantages: the color of the surface changes under the influence of ultraviolet rays, the edges curl up a little. Ondulin burns and requires unconditional compliance with all fire safety rules. In terms of overall quality indicators, it ranks last among all roofing materials.

Prices for various types of ondulin

Galvanized steel sheet

Currently used rarely and only in seam roofs. Installed on a continuous sheathing, due to its flexibility it can copy the shape of the roof. It is rarely used on houses; it is recommended for various sheds and outbuildings.

Disadvantages - the design does not meet the needs of modern developers; continuous sheathing is required for the covering. Low bending strength values ​​exclude the possibility of arranging natural ventilation of the under-roof space. To increase the service life, all wooden elements of the rafter system must be impregnated several times with antiseptics, and if possible, use moisture-resistant boards.

Prices for galvanized steel sheets

Galvanized steel sheet

Keramoplast

It is made from a special modified polymer with increased parameters of physical strength and resistance to UV rays. To reduce the cost, natural fillers are introduced into the composition; the color depends on coloring additives. A relatively new roofing material, its appearance resembles corrugated slate. It comes in a variety of colors and has a service life of 30 years.

Does not absorb moisture, therefore, is not afraid of freezing/freezing. Plasticity allows you to absorb shock loads; the roof can be used in various climatic zones, except for the Far North. It is easy to cut; there is no need to use special devices and tools during installation. The installation technology is similar to laying ordinary slate.

Disadvantages - the high cost does not correspond to the same high performance characteristics. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, plastic gradually loses its original properties, becomes brittle and cracks under minor loads. There is no point in repairing the roof; physical aging occurs over the entire roof area. The only way out is to completely replace the roof, which is expensive and time-consuming.

Asbestos cement wave slate

Traditional roofing material made from cement and asbestos fillers. It can have a different number of waves; currently it is used only on non-prestigious buildings. In our country, slate is made from safe asbestos, which is not included in the list of carcinogens. Sheets can have a natural color or be painted in various shades. Despite the wide variety of modern roofing materials, traditional slate still occupies a high position in sales today. The guaranteed service life is at least 30 years; in practice, it is used for more than fifty years.

There are several disadvantages - heavy weight and low mechanical strength. The large weight complicates the installation process and requires special measures to strengthen the rafter system. Slate easily cracks with minor changes in the linearity of the roof, and the covering must be repaired. If there is heavy hail in the region, the roof will have to be completely replaced.

Slate roofing - photo

Prices for different types of slate

Slate

A roof made of natural stone serves as a decoration for any prestigious building. It is characterized by excellent service life and is resistant to chemical compounds, including aggressive ones. Unaffected by urban smog.

Disadvantages - heavy weight, high cost, low physical strength characteristics. Exclusive coating, very rare. It is recommended to make to order, taking into account the architectural features of the roof. This approach reduces the amount of unproductive waste and has a positive effect on the cost of roofing work.

Aluminum roofing

It is used as sheet roofing or material for the manufacture of piece tiles. The service life is practically unlimited. The coatings easily take the desired shape and do not require additional processing of the front surface. It can only be laid on solid sheathing. Aluminum can be used to make various profiles; there are options for covering the roof with even sheets.

Copper roofing

Very beautiful, very expensive and very durable material. Over time, it becomes covered with patina - a protective anti-corrosion film. The service life is at least 100 years, it is not afraid of negative temperatures and heating.

The main disadvantage is the high cost. Can be made from 100% copper or alloys with tin and aluminum. Elite material, used only on the most expensive houses, historical or religious buildings.

Disadvantages - it is necessary to completely exclude contact with iron; with such contact, corrosion processes are accelerated by several orders of magnitude. Another drawback is that the color of the patina changes over time, and areas with different shades may appear. Not all users like this.

Thatched roof

The traditional roofing of the last century for poor country houses is now coming back into fashion among the most modern developers. Used by lovers of natural, eco-friendly houses, the roof gives the building a unique look. Highly qualified roofers are involved in the work; if all rules are followed, the coating can last up to fifty years. The roof does not require additional thermal insulation and perfectly dampens noise. Due to special installation technology, fire safety characteristics are significantly improved.

Video - Characteristics of different types of roofing

Roof covering is a serious issue faced by any developer. Considering the variety of materials on today's construction market, it is easy to get confused when choosing. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to distinguish between types of roofing and navigate their features.

Roofing for the roof - one of the types

Roofing material is a kind of protective shell of the roof from atmospheric influences.

Modern roofing is reliable and durable, and can be made from a variety of materials: from ordinary wood to trendy polymers.

Existing types of roofing can be divided into 5 main types:

• film;
• mastic;
• sheet;
• roll;
• piece.

Film (membrane) roofing used for the installation of public and industrial buildings with solid concrete foundations and slight slopes. The advantage of such a roof is its ease of installation. Laying the film is possible even on old roof coverings.

Mastic roofing applied to the base without using roll coatings. This material consists of viscous oligomeric substances, when solidified, a monolithic film is formed.

The mastic substance is ideal for working with bitumen, concrete and metal. The advantages of mastic roofing include resistance to corrosion, oxidation, low and high temperatures. The material is light and elastic.

Sheet roofing, in turn, is divided by type of material:

• slate, including artificial;
• Cink Steel;
• aluminum;
• cardboard-bitumen sheet;
• metal tiles.

The main advantage of sheet roofing materials is durability, variety of colors and shapes.

Roll roofing includes bitumen and bitumen-polymer materials. They are mounted in two layers, fusing onto a concrete or metal base, or glued with mastic.

Roll roofing provides resistance to frost, high temperatures and rot.

Piece roofing materials include:

• tiles – concrete, metal, ceramic;
• slate;
• wood - planks, shingles, shingles.

Appearance of ceramic tiles - photo of a roof with this type of roof

Ceramic tiles- the most popular material. It can be used for more than a hundred years, is UV resistant and perfectly absorbs noise.

Types of roofing differ in the material of manufacture, physical properties and purpose.

Soft roof

The most common method of roof waterproofing today is soft roofing. It is durable, attractive and can be used for many types of buildings. Fiberglass is used as the base for this coating.

Soft roofing is divided into several types:

Tiles (bitumen shingles). This material is very similar to natural tiles. However, it is flexible, which makes this roof easy to install. Advantages of soft tile roofing:

• resistance to corrosion and rotting;
• low thermal conductivity;
• tightness;
• Possibility of use on complex roofs;
• large selection of designs and colors.

PVC membranes. Membrane soft roofing is sheets a meter and a half wide, laid on adhesive double-sided material. The advantages of this coating:

• strength;
• resistance to frost and weathering;
• vapor permeability.

Rolls. Soft roll roofing is a carpet made from many layers: roofing felt, roofing felt, glassine and modern materials. Mounted by gluing to the base using burners. Advantages of roll roofing:

• waterproof;
• resistance to frost;
• low cost;
• ease of installation.

Metal roofing

The basis of a metal roof is usually sheet materials, which can last up to a hundred years.

Flat sheets. This type of roofing is made of galvanized and non-galvanized (black) steel. Pros of roofing made from flat metal sheets:

• light weight;
• the ability to mount a configuration of any complexity;
• good water drainage due to smoothness;
• fire resistance;
• ease of reconstruction;

Profiled sheet is the most popular roofing material in Russia

Profiled sheets. Most often this is a corrugated sheet of galvanized steel and aluminum (aluminum slate). The advantages of this coating:

• ease of material and installation;
• resistance to frost and corrosion.

Metal tiles. This roofing is made up of corrugated profiled sheets that look like natural tiles. Among the advantages of this roof:

• beautiful appearance;
• ease;
• corrosion resistance.

Flat roof

A flat roof is a flooring made of layers of steam, heat and waterproofing, gravel and an outer layer - for example, paving slabs. This covering is installed on flat slopes.

The basis for a flat roof can be wood, metal, concrete, insulation and other coatings.

A flat roof can be:

1. Unexploited. The cheapest type due to its resistance to stress.
2. Exploited. The most popular type. On such roofs you can install cafes, parking lots, etc.
3. Traditional. Such a roof is covered with a thermal insulation layer.
4. Inversion. The roof is quite complex to install and reconstruct: the insulation is mounted on a layer of waterproofing, and geotextiles and drainage protect the insulation from external influences. Then the paving slabs are laid.

Roll roofing

In the photo - polymer-bitumen roofing for the roof of the building

This multi-layer, durable coating has long been popular. This type of roofing is divided into several types:

Polymer-bitumen. It contains polypropylene and styrene-butadiene-styrene. The advantages include:

• UV and chemical resistance;
• service life up to 20 years.

Folded. This type of roofing consists of galvanized metal. Pros:

• 100% tight;
• Possibility of installation on a roof of any shape;
• silent installation.

Polymer. It is based on rubber and petroleum polymer resins. Advantages:

• service life more than 20 years;
• Possibility of installation on steep slopes.

Bituminous. Made from oxidized bitumen.

Bitumen roofing is suitable for roofs with a slope of less than 250 and must be dismantled every 6 years.

Flexible tiles. This coating is a flat sheet based on fiberglass. Pros:

• service life more than 50 years;
• variety of shapes and colors.

Roofing for pitched roof

For pitched roofs, all types of roofing coverings are used: metal sheets, corrugated sheets, almost all types of tiles.

Photo of a roof with cement-sand tiles - the most durable tiles in existence

The best roofs for pitched roofs are:

• ondulin – easy to install;
• bitumen shingles are a cheap and durable material;
• cement-sand tiles are the leader in service life and reliability;
• metal tiles are a material with several types of shapes and dozens of colors.

Roofing for flat roof

Roofing materials used for flat roofs are distinguished by their reliability, ease of installation and maintenance, non-flammability and other qualities. The components of such a roof depend on its type:

• traditional (soft) consists of a load-bearing slab, heat and vapor barrier (usually mineral wool), a waterproofing layer made of bitumen-containing materials;
• the used one is distinguished by a rigid base (for example, concrete screed or corrugated sheet) and high-strength insulation.

Unused flat roof - appearance

Video

From the video you will learn how to choose the most economical roofing for the roof of a private house - real experience from an expert.

The construction market does not stand still. Constantly developing and including cutting-edge materials in its assortment, it offers the consumer various types of roofing for use on any buildings: from industrial high-rises to small country houses.

An important stage in building a house is creating a roof and choosing roofing material. In addition to the fact that the roof protects the house from negative external factors, it is always visible, so it must be beautiful and fit harmoniously into the design of the site.

What roofs exist: features of each type

Manufacturers offer a large selection of materials, so home owners often find it difficult to decide what to use for the roof. And in order to make the right decision, you should understand the advantages and disadvantages of popular roofing coverings.

The roof can be protected with tiles, soft surfacing materials, sheet metals and other coverings - you just need to make a choice for a particular case

Any roofing material must be waterproof, frost-resistant, meet technical requirements for flexibility, heat and sound insulation.

There are many roofing materials, but each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages

When choosing a material for roofing, experts recommend paying attention to indicators such as:

• load on the roof - take into account snow and wind influences in a particular region, the weight of the roof along with insulation and sheathing;
• architectural solution - take into account the shape, size and slope of the roof, and also determine the optimal design of the building’s exterior;
• service life and fire resistance - take into account the purpose of the building: expensive and high-quality materials are usually used for the house;
• warranty - some coatings have a service life significantly longer than the warranty.

To lay a seam roof, metal sheets (pictures) are used, which are fastened together with a special seam - a seam. These connections are: recumbent and standing, single and double. The folds are folded and sealed using hand or electric tools.

You can bend the folds yourself using hand tools

When creating paintings the following are used:

• galvanized steel - thickness within 4–7 mm, service life 25 years;
• steel with polymer coating - a galvanized sheet is coated on the outside with a layer of polymer with the addition of color, service life 30–35 years;
• aluminum - lasts 70–75 years;
• copper is an expensive solution, but its service life is about 100 years;
• zinc-titanium - has the longest service life, but is difficult to install. And work is carried out at air temperatures above 5 o C.

Seam roofing has high seam tightness and good moisture resistance

Such sheets are mounted on a roof with a slope exceeding 10°. A sheathing or a solid base is made under them. Clippers are used to secure the paintings to the sheathing. If the sheets are longer than 10 m, then they are fastened with “floating” clamps, which compensate for the thermal expansion of the material.

You can lay ready-made, ordered paintings or use rolled material, which is cut directly on the construction site into strips of the required length. For this, special equipment is used. With this cutting method, only a vertical connection is required, so the tightness of the coating will be high.

Seam roofing is reliable, but has its drawbacks during installation.

Disadvantages of seam roofing:

• poor heat and sound insulation characteristics - a thick layer of insulation is required;
• installation requires special equipment and appropriate skills;
• metal surface - lightning protection (grounding) is required.

From metal tiles

Metal tiles look like natural ones, but are made from galvanized sheets treated with colored polymers. This coating is applied on the outside of the sheet, and varnished on the inside. The result is a durable, beautiful and durable roofing material.

Installing a metal tile roof is quite easy and quick, even with your own hands.

The main advantages of metal tiles:

• light weight;
• variety of colors;
• simple installation;
• resistance to temperature changes, natural and mechanical influences;
• affordable price.

Among the disadvantages, there is increased noise during rain if the installation was carried out incorrectly and the roof is not insulated enough.

Metal tiles are very similar to natural ones, but are lighter

There are several types of polymer coating:

• polyester is the most common option;
• polyurethane - increases the service life and cost of metal tiles;
• made of special polymer compositions - thickness 35 microns, it is optimal for roofing.

Sheets of metal tiles are mounted on the sheathing, the pitch of which is 35–50 cm.

If the length of the roof slope is less than 7 meters, then a single sheet is used, and when it is longer, the sheets are combined. If the slope angle is less than 14°, then the sheets are overlapped by 2 waves.

To prevent condensation from accumulating on the roofing material, it is necessary to correctly assemble the roofing pie from a vapor and waterproofing film, as well as two types of insulation.

From corrugated sheets

In terms of characteristics and installation method, corrugated roofing is no different from metal tile roofing. The main difference is only in their appearance.

Roofing from corrugated sheets differs from metal tiles only in the ribbed surface

Here the sheathing is done in exactly the same way and insulation is laid.

The greater the slope of the roof, the thinner you can take the boards for the sheathing (but not less than 3 cm) and the less often you can step it (but not less than 0.3 m).

Sheets of corrugated sheets may differ in color, size, wave shape and metal thickness.

With corrugated sheeting you can cover not only the roof of your own house, but also the top of an ordinary city balcony

From ceramic and cement-sand tiles

Despite the fact that new roofing materials are constantly appearing on the market, natural tiles do not lose their popularity.

Elements made of baked clay and dried cement-sand mixture do not allow heat to pass through and have high porosity, so a roof made from such materials is warm and “breathable”, and during rain there is no noise in the house.

Ceramic tiles are also produced in the form of individual flakes, which can be used to lay out patterns on the roof

When choosing a covering made from natural tiles, it is important to consider its heavy weight. Therefore, not only the rafter system must be powerful, but also the entire supporting structure of the building: the foundation and walls. Another disadvantage is the fragility of the tiles, which complicates their transportation, unloading and installation.

Their different types of roof tiles turn out beautiful and neat in appearance.

When installed correctly, tile roofing is always reliable and beautiful. Despite the high cost of the material, such a roof is an excellent investment for the next 100 years.

According to classification, ceramic tiles are divided into the following types:

• glazed - shiny and smooth, covered with a special glaze;
• natural - it is simply fired, not covered with anything;
• engobed - matte and resistant to fading in the sun, covered with a thin layer of clay suspension.

Membrane

This is one of the types of soft roofing used on flat roofs. On such a surface you can organize a recreation area and even plant lawn grass.

Membrane roofing is quickly laid and easily attached

Membrane thickness is from 0.8 to 2 mm. It is supplied in rolls ranging from 90 to 150 cm wide and up to 60 m long.

The service life of a properly installed membrane roof is 50 years or more. The manufacturer provides a 20-year warranty.

First, the membrane is laid out and then attached to the surface in one of the following ways:

Pros of membrane roofing:

• light weight;
• resistance to damage - thanks to the reinforcing mesh;
• high elasticity - practically does not decrease over time;
• resistance to sunlight;
• high fire resistance;
• simplicity and speed of installation - a team of workers can cover 500–600 m2 per shift.

The main disadvantage of this coating: it is 30–50% more expensive than bitumen materials.

Membrane roofing is commonly used to cover flat roofs

Several materials are used to create the base:

• polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
• synthetic rubber (EPDM);
• thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO).

Methods for installing membrane roofing:

• ballast - if the roof slope does not exceed 15 degrees. Ballast (crushed stone, pebbles, gravel) is poured on top of the spread material or a cement-sand screed is poured. When using broken stone, additionally mats or non-woven fabric (loose technical fabric) are laid. Additional point fasteners are made along the perimeter and all junction points;

  With the ballast method of installing a membrane roof, it is difficult to find places of damage if a leak appears under the roof

• mechanical - when the roof structure is not designed to support the weight of ballast. The laid membrane is attached around the perimeter with special slats, and to the surface - with telescopic and disk holders;
• gluing is not a very reliable installation method, so it is rarely used. It is enough to glue the membrane around the perimeter, in problem areas and where there is overlap: double-sided adhesive tape is used for this;
• hot air welding - air with a temperature of up to 600 o C is supplied through special equipment.

  The membrane coating is welded with hot air using a device similar to a hair dryer: it simultaneously heats and dries the edges, so it can be used even in the rain

Fused roofing

For flat roofs and slopes with a slight angle, fused rolled materials are used. And on the most complex roofs of any shape, soft tiles are used. The disadvantages of such tiles are the high price and the need to lay the elements on sheets of waterproof plywood. All deposited materials consist of bitumen, which, when heated with a special burner, adheres perfectly to the surface.

Soft bitumen shingles allow you to cover roofs of various shapes and configurations due to their small size and ease of installation.

The tightness of such a roof and its service life directly depend on the quality of the elements being deposited and strict adherence to installation technology. A soft roof can last for 25 years. High performance characteristics are ensured due to its complexity:

1. Bottom layer: protects the roof from mechanical damage, sunlight and temperature changes;
2. Second layer: made of bitumen, serves to protect against moisture;
3. Base: made of fiberglass, ensures preservation of shape, does not allow the material to crack;
4. Another layer of bitumen: for additional waterproofing;
5. Top layer: slate or basalt topping, protects the surface from damage.

The bottom of the material can be covered with fine-grained stone sand, polymer, slurry or foil. All characteristics of a fused roof can be easily determined from its markings.

Bituminous shingles, when exposed to the sun, are additionally heated and glued into one common layer.

If the roof slope is more than 15°, then two layers of fused fabric are laid, but if it is 5–15°, then 3 layers will be required.

Roll

Roll materials are used on roofs with an inclination angle of 0 to 30 degrees.

More recently, the rolled materials used lasted no more than 10 years, but now new coatings have appeared, the service life of which has increased to 25 years.

Rolls for soft roofing began to be produced in different colors, which made it possible to design roofs in unusual combinations

Roll roofing materials can be of two types:

• the main ones are made on a base impregnated with viscous mixtures. They can be tar, bitumen or bitumen-polymer;
• baseless - various fillers are added to binders and combined using heat treatment into a single web.

According to their structure, they are integumentary and non-integumentary.

Modern roll roofing can last 25–30 years

All rolled roofing materials are divided into 4 generations of use:

• roofing felt and glassine - based on roofing cardboard. They are still popular due to their low cost, although their service life is about 5 years;
• Rubemast is an improved roofing material: it is designed to be built-up, which is convenient for self-installation. It is easier and faster to install, but its service life is almost the same;
• glass roofing material - based on fiberglass or polyester. The service life reaches up to 15 years, and when laid in three layers - up to 30;
• membrane coating - service life more than 30 years. Installation is carried out in warm weather: just remove the film, roll out the material and press it down.

Rolled materials are fixed using roofing nails, bitumen mastic or a gas burner.

Roofing made from fused rolled material lasts longer if the installation technology is followed

Liquid roof

Pouring liquid roofing can be used both during the construction of a new roof and as a repair of an old roof without dismantling the roofing materials.

Liquid roofing is made by self-leveling, painting and spraying

The main advantage of this roof is its high reliability and long service life: liquid rubber is not afraid of temperature changes, is resistant to mechanical damage and high humidity. You can safely walk on it without fear of slipping.

Types of liquid roofing:

1. One-component: applied immediately after opening the container.
2. Two-component: consists of different parts:
   • bitumen-polymer emulsion - provides waterproofing characteristics;
   • an aqueous solution of calcium chloride - helps the sprayed solution to harden quickly.

To install the second coating, you need special equipment in which two components are mixed at the output. This is a small device, so it is convenient to use on the roof. The applied composition hardens in a few seconds.

Applying liquid roofing during repairs increases the service life of the previous coating

Depending on the method of application, liquid roofing can be painted, sprayed or self-leveling. The base for liquid rubber is thoroughly cleaned. The composition is usually applied to a concrete or metal surface previously coated with polyurethane. But rubber can also be sprayed onto rolled roofing, improving its performance characteristics.

Liquid rubber is sprayed in a thin layer over the rolled roofing, creating additional protection for it.

Inversion

Inversion roofing is wear-resistant and performs not only a protective function, but also has a functional and decorative purpose.

This type of roofing is used on flat roofs and can be walked on. Its main feature is that all layers are arranged in the reverse order: thermal insulation is on top, and waterproofing is on the bottom.

On the inversion roof you can arrange recreation areas, playgrounds and even parking lots

Inversion roofing is reliable, durable, and does not collapse under the influence of negative external factors.

Easy to install: just remove the previous covering from the flat roof and lay out the new one in the required order. Such a roof is usually actively used - it houses cafes, parking lots, and playgrounds.

Inversion roofing means “reversal”, that is, all layers of the coating are turned upside down.

Inversion roofing can be of three types:

• for minimal loads - used in private homes;
• for medium loads - a more durable insulation is laid, and the top is covered with paving slabs or other material;
• for increased loads - an intermediate reinforcing layer is added, then reinforced concrete slabs are laid.

If in a private house the installation of an inversion roof is carried out on a concrete slab, then it must first be primed, then waterproofing, insulation and welding material must be laid.

Polycarbonate roofs are erected over terraces, verandas, balconies and other non-residential structures. For this, different types of this material are used:

• profiled polycarbonate - monolithic corrugated sheets;
• cellular (cellular) polycarbonate - honeycomb structure, sheet lengths are 6 and 12 m, produced in colored and transparent;
• monolithic (cast) polycarbonate - solid sheets without voids, externally reminiscent of glass. They are multi-layered: the top layer is rough, the second serves to delay ultraviolet radiation, and the third ensures the strength of the material.

If high loads on the roof are expected, then it is better to lay thicker polycarbonate

Pros of polycarbonate:

• lightweight - does not require massive roof structures, can be quickly installed;
• transmits light well;
• colored specimens add brightness to the interior of the building;
• flexible and elastic - large sheet sizes make it possible to cover roofs of complex shapes;
• impact-resistant - does not break from any mechanical impacts (falling branches, impacts of stones);
• fireproof - fire does not spread over such a surface and dies out;
• resistant to strong temperature changes.

The polycarbonate is fastened using special self-tapping screws with press washers. The thickness of the sheets varies.

For a greenhouse or canopy, 4–10 mm will be enough, but to cover a large area it is better to take sheets no thinner than 16 mm. If high loads on the roof are expected, then it is necessary to lay sheets 32 mm thick.

To create good illumination in a room, transparent polycarbonate is used, and when it is necessary to protect some space from overheating, colored sheets with reflective additives are placed above it.

A colored polycarbonate canopy regulates heat exchange under the roof and serves as a shelter from the sun's rays, reflecting ultraviolet radiation

To build a roof of a certain shape, you first need to create a frame from metal or aluminum profiles, sometimes wooden beams are used. But there are also special polycarbonate profiles: detachable and non-detachable. And since they are also transparent, it seems that the structure is floating in the air.

From ondulin

In appearance, ondulin is similar to slate, but is made of elastic material.

Advantages of ondulin:

• almost zero water absorption;
• resistance to temperature changes;
• protection from damage by fungus, mold and insects;
• resistance to chemically active substances;
• protection against color loss under sunlight;
• light weight;
• simple installation;
• long service life.

Ondulin and slate are laid in the same way, but certain features still exist.

Manufacturers recommend laying ondulin at temperatures from 0 to +30 °C. If the roof slope is less than 10 degrees, then for fastening it is necessary to use solid sheathing or plywood sheets. You can carry out installation without vapor and waterproofing film, but it is still better to lay it.

Installation of ondulin is carried out on a thin sheathing, and if the roof slope is less than 10 degrees, then the wooden base is nailed tightly, without gaps

The laying of ondulin sheets is carried out staggered, the lateral overlap is made by 1–2 waves, and the longitudinal overlap by 20–30 cm (it all depends on the angle of inclination of the slope). Special nails are used on a wooden frame, and self-tapping screws on a metal frame.

From slate

Slate is considered a budget material. It is durable and easy to install.

Slate is usually produced in gray color, but you can paint it yourself or buy already painted sheets. Colored enamel not only changes the appearance of the slate covering, but also additionally protects it from moisture.

A painted slate roof immediately updates the appearance of the entire home.

Its popularity is due to the following advantages:

• does not rust, does not conduct electricity, does not burn;
• during repairs, it allows you to replace one sheet;
• absorbs noise during rain;
• does not heat up from solar heat;
• lasts at least 30–40 years;

Gray slate is a common roofing material for small private houses

But this material also has a number of disadvantages:

• fragile;
• heavy;
• absorbs water, cracks over time and becomes covered with moss;
• asbestos slate contains carcinogenic substances (it is better to use chrysolite-cement slate).

Slate sheets come with a different number of waves, but their length is always 175 cm. Slate installation is carried out on nails with wide flat heads.

Thatched roof

It is believed that the thatched roof is already a relic, but now many luxury houses use just such a roof for covering. Not only straw, but also reed, heather, and reeds can also be used. Such natural materials are highly flexible, which gives unlimited scope for design imagination.

Roofs made of reeds and thatch look unusual and are used to decorate private houses

A thatched roof not only looks original and beautiful, it is also characterized by high heat efficiency.

A 30–35 cm layer of vegetation cover protects the building from heat and cold no worse than modern thermal insulation materials. With a layer thickness of about 30 cm, the weight of a square meter of roofing is only 35 kg.

The natural plant roof is a modern, original solution with high performance characteristics

Do not think that a thatched roof will ignite from any spark. Before use, the material is treated with a fire retardant, and its dense installation reduces fire safety to the level of other types of roofing.

The service life of a thatched roof is 50 years or more, which is longer than that of corrugated sheets or metal tiles. Experts recommend installing this coating on roofs with an angle of at least 35 degrees. A natural roof does not require a ventilation system and perfectly absorbs sounds.

Types of roofing for private houses

A private house may have a flat or pitched roof, but usually the second option is found. In this case, the following types of roofing materials are used:

• piece - natural, composite, cement-sand or bitumen tiles, slate roofing;
• sheet - metal tiles, corrugated sheets, ondulin, slate, seam roofing;
• vegetable - from reeds, reeds, straw, heather.

When choosing a roofing material for a private house, you need to take into account not only its performance characteristics, but also its appearance in order to make the building beautiful and original.

Video: choosing a roof for a private house

Types of roofing of apartment buildings

If an apartment building is 1–4 floors high, then it usually has a pitched roof, so the same materials are used to cover it as in private housing construction.

In multi-storey buildings, the roof is always flat: rolled and fused materials are used to cover it, or a membrane roof is laid. If the surface of a flat roof is planned to be used, then an inversion roof is installed, on which you can walk and drive. Additionally, liquid roofing is used on the roofs of high-rise buildings: it perfectly protects from moisture and is durable.

Video: green roof on the roof of an apartment building